ORBECO SP600 User manual

Instruction Manual
SP600
Spectrophotometer

1
SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
Safety precautions
CAUTION
Reagents are formulated exclusively for chemical analysis and must not be used for
any other purpose. Reagents must not get into the hands of children. Some of the
reagents contain substances which are not entirely harmless environmentally. Be
aware of the ingredients and take proper care when disposing of the test solution.
CAUTION
Please read this instruction manual before unpacking, setting up or using the
photometer. Please read the method description completely before performing
the test. Be aware of the risks of using the required reagents by reading the MSDS
(Material Safety Data Sheets). Failure could result in serious injury to the operator or
damage to the instrument.
MSDS:
www.orbeco.com
SP600 Spectrophotometer_Revision 1 01/2008

2SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
Table of contents
Part 1 Methods ....................................................................................................7
1.1 Table of Methods .................................................................................................8
Acid demand to pH 4.3....................................................................................................14
Alkalinity-p (p-value) ........................................................................................................16
Alkalinity-total (Alkalinity-m, m-Value)..............................................................................18
Aluminum with Tablets ....................................................................................................20
Aluminum (Powder Pack).................................................................................................22
Ammonium with Tablets ..................................................................................................24
Ammonium (Powder Pack)...............................................................................................26
Ammonium LR.................................................................................................................28
Ammonium HR................................................................................................................30
Arsenic ............................................................................................................................32
Boron ..............................................................................................................................36
Bromine...............................................................................................................38, 40, 42
Cadmium.........................................................................................................................44
Chloride with Tablets .......................................................................................................46
Chloride...........................................................................................................................48
Chlorine...........................................................................................................................50
Chlorine with Tablet
differentiated determination (free, combined, total) .........................................52, 55, 58
free Chlorine....................................................................................................53, 56, 60
total Chlorine...................................................................................................54, 57, 61
Chlorine with Liquid Reagent
differentiated determination (free, combined, total) .....................................................62
free Chlorine................................................................................................................64
total Chlorine...............................................................................................................65
Chlorine (Powder Pack)
differentiated determination (free, combined, total) .....................................................66
free Chlorine................................................................................................................68
total Chlorine...............................................................................................................69
Chlorine HR (Kl) ...............................................................................................................70
Chlorine dioxide, in absence of Chlorine ..........................................................................72
Chlorine dioxide...............................................................................................................74
in presence of Chlorine ................................................................................................76
in absence of Chlorine .................................................................................................79
Chromium (Powder Pack).................................................................................................80
differentiated determination ..................................................................................82, 86
Chromium (VI) .......................................................................................................84, 88
total (Cr(III) + Cr(VI))...............................................................................................85, 89

3
SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
COD LR............................................................................................................................90
COD MR..........................................................................................................................92
COD HR...........................................................................................................................94
Copper with tablet...........................................................................................................96
differentiated determination (free, combined, total) .............................................98, 102
free Copper .......................................................................................................100, 104
total Copper ......................................................................................................101, 105
Copper PP......................................................................................................................106
Cyanide .................................................................................................................108, 110
Cyanuric acid.................................................................................................................112
DEHA T..........................................................................................................................114
DEHA PP........................................................................................................................116
Fluoride .........................................................................................................................118
Formaldehyde................................................................................................120, 122, 124
Hardness, total...............................................................................................................126
Hardness, total HR .........................................................................................................128
Hazen............................................................................................................................130
Hydrazine ......................................................................................................................132
Hydrazine with Liquid Reagent.......................................................................................134
Hydrogen peroxide ................................................................................................136, 138
Iodine ............................................................................................................................140
Iron................................................................................................................................142
Iron with Tablets.........................................................................................144, 146, 148
Iron (Powder Packs)....................................................................................................150
Iron (TPTZ) (Powder Packs)..........................................................................................152
Lead ..............................................................................................................................154
Lead, Procedure A..................................................................................................156, 158
Lead, Procedure B ..................................................................................................156, 159
Mangenese with Tablet..................................................................................................160
Manganese LR (Powder Packs) .......................................................................................162
Manganese HR (Powder Packs) ......................................................................................164
Molybdate with Tablets..................................................................................................166
Molybdate HR (Powder Packs)........................................................................................168
Nickel ....................................................................................................................170, 172
Nitrate ...........................................................................................................................174
Nitrate LR.......................................................................................................................176
Nitrite with Tablets.........................................................................................................178
Nitrite LR (Powder Packs)................................................................................................180
Nitrite LR........................................................................................................................182
Nitrite HR.......................................................................................................................184

4SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
Nitrogen, total LR...........................................................................................................186
Nitrogen, total HR..........................................................................................................188
Nitrogen, total LR 2........................................................................................................190
Nitrogen, total HR 2.......................................................................................................192
Oxygen, active ...............................................................................................................194
Ozone............................................................................................................................196
in presence of Chlorine ......................................................................................198, 202
in absence of Chlorine .......................................................................................200, 204
pH-Value with Tablet......................................................................................................206
pH-Value with Liquid Reagent........................................................................................208
Phenol with Tablets........................................................................................................210
Phosphate......................................................................................................................212
Phosphate, total (Tube Test)........................................................................................214
Phosphate, total LR (Tube Test) ...................................................................................216
Phosphate, total HR (Tube Test) ..................................................................................218
Phosphate, ortho LR with Tablets................................................................................220
Phosphate, ortho HR with Tablets...............................................................................222
Phosphate, ortho (Powder Packs) ...............................................................................224
Phosphate, ortho (Tube Test) ......................................................................................226
Phosphate, ortho (Tube Test) ......................................................................................228
Phosphate, hydrolysable (Tube Test)............................................................................230
Potassium ......................................................................................................................232
S Abs, Spectral Absorption Coefficient...........................................................................234
Silica..............................................................................................................................236
Silica LR PP.....................................................................................................................238
Silica HR PP....................................................................................................................240
Sulfate (Powder Pack) ....................................................................................................242
Sulfide ...........................................................................................................................244
Sulfite....................................................................................................................246, 248
Surfactants, anionic .......................................................................................................250
TOC HR .........................................................................................................................252
Turbidity ........................................................................................................................254
Urea ..............................................................................................................................256
Zinc ...............................................................................................................................258
1.2 Important notes ...........................................................................................260
1.2.1 Correct use of reagents ..................................................................................260
1.2.2 Cleaning vials and accessories for analysis........................................................261
1.2.3 Guidelines for photometric measurements.......................................................262
1.2.4 Sample dilution teqniques ...............................................................................263
1.2.5 Correcting for volume additions ......................................................................263

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SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
Part 2 Operating manual ...........................................................................265
2.1 Operating .....................................................................................................266
2.1.1 Start Up ..........................................................................................................266
2.1.2 Batteries..........................................................................................................266
2.1.3 blank because of technical requirements
2.1.4 Cell chamber and cells.....................................................................................267
2.2 Overview of function keys .........................................................................268
2.2.1 Overview.........................................................................................................268
2.2.2 Displaying time and date .................................................................................268
2.2.3 User-countdown..............................................................................................269
2.3 Operation mode ..........................................................................................270
2.3.1 Self-test ..........................................................................................................270
2.3.2 Selecting a method..........................................................................................271
2.3.2.1 Method-Information........................................................................................271
2.3.2.2 Chemical Species Information..........................................................................271
2.3.3 Differentiation .................................................................................................272
2.3.4 Performing Zero ..............................................................................................272
2.3.5 Performing Test ...............................................................................................273
2.3.6 Ensuring reaction periods (countdown)............................................................273
2.3.7 Changing chemical species..............................................................................274
2.3.8 Storing results .................................................................................................274
2.3.9 Printing results.................................................................................................275
2.3.10 Perform additional measurements ...................................................................276
2.3.11 Selecting a new method..................................................................................276
2.4 Photometer settings <Mode-Menu>..........................................................277
2.4.1 blank because of technical requirements
2.4.2 Instrument basic settings 1 ..............................................................................278
2.4.3 Printing of stored results..................................................................................282
2.4.4 Recall / delete stored results.............................................................................287
2.4.5 Calibration ......................................................................................................291
2.4.6 Lab function....................................................................................................296
2.4.7 User operations ...............................................................................................304
2.4.8 Special functions .............................................................................................314
2.4.9 Instrument basic settings 2 ..............................................................................316
2.4.10 Instrument special functions /service ................................................................317

6SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
2.5 Data transfer ................................................................................................318
2.5.1 Connection to a printer ...................................................................................319
2.5.2 Data transfer to a personal computer (PC) .......................................................319
2.5.3 Internet-Updates .............................................................................................320
Part 3 Enclosure ................................................................................................321
3.1 Unpacking ......................................................................................................321
3.2 Delivery content .............................................................................................321
3.3 blank because of technical requirements
3.4 Technical data .................................................................................................322
3.5 Abbreviations .................................................................................................323
3.6 Troubleshooting...............................................................................................324
3.6.1 Operating messages in the display / error display .............................................324
3.6.2 General problems ............................................................................................326
3.6.3 Service / Maintenance......................................................................................327
3.6.3.1 Handling & Cleaning .......................................................................................327
3.6.3.2 Changing the light source ...............................................................................327
3.6.3.3 blank because of technical requirements
3.6.3.4 Changing the batteries....................................................................................329
3.7 Declaration of CE-Conformity..........................................................................330

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SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
Part 1
Methods

8SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
Part 1 Methods
1.1 Table of Methods
* = free, combined, total; PP = powder pack; T = tablet;
L = liquid; TT = tube test; LR = low range; MR = middle range; HR = high range;
No. Analysis Reagent Range Displayed
as
Method
[nm]
Page
20 Acid demand
to pH 4.3 T
tablet 0.1-4 mmol/l Acid/Indicator 1, 2,5 615 14
35 Alkalinity-p T tablet 5-300 mg/l
CaCO3
Acid/Indicator1, 2, 5 551 16
30
Alkalinity, total T tablet 5-200 mg/l
CaCO3
Acid/Indicator1, 2, 5 615 18
40 Aluminum T tablet 0.01-0.3 mg/l Al Eriochrome
Cyanine R2
535 20
50 Aluminum PP
powder pack 0.01-0.25 mg/l Al Eriochrome
Cyanine R2
535 22
60 Ammonium T tablet 0.02-1 mg/l N
Indophenol blue
2,3 676 24
62
Ammonium PP powder pack 0.01-0.8 mg/l N Salicylate2655 26
65
Ammonium LR TT tube test 0.02-2.5 mg/l N Salicylate2655 28
66
Ammonium HR TT tube test 1-50 mg/l N Salicylate2655 30
68 Arsenic
see test
instructions
0.02-0.6 mg/l As Silverdiethyldithio-
carbamate
1
507 32
85 Boron T tablet 0.1-2 mg/l B Azomethine3450 36
78 Bromine 10 T tablet 0.1-3 mg/l Br2DPD5510 38
79 Bromine 50 T tablet 0.05-1 mg/l Br2DPD5510 40
80 Bromine T tablet 0.05-6.5 mg/l Br2DPD5510 42
87 Cadmium TT tube test
0.025-0.75 mg/l Cd Cadion6525 44
90 Chloride T tablet 0.5-25 mg/l Cl-
Silver nitrate/turbidity 450 46
91 Chloride L liquid 5-60 mg/l Cl-
Iron(III)-thiocyanate
4455 48
98
Chlorine 10 T * tablet 0.1-6 mg/l Cl2DPD 1, 2, 3 510 50, 52
99
Chlorine 50 T * tablet 0.02-0.5 mg/l Cl2DPD 1, 2, 3 510 50, 55
100 Chlorine T * tablet 0.02-3 mg/l Cl2DPD 1, 2, 3 510 50, 58
101 Chlorine L * liquid 0.02-3 mg/l Cl2DPD 1, 2, 3 510 50, 62
110 Chlorine PP *
powder pack 0.01-2 mg/l Cl2DPD 1, 2 510 50, 66
105 Chlorine HR
(Kl) T
tablet 5-200 mg/l Cl2KI/Acid 5 470 70
119 Chlorine
dioxide 50 T
tablet 0.05-1 mg/l ClO2DPD, Glycine1,2 510 72
120 Chlorine
dioxide T
tablet 0.05-2.5 mg/l ClO2DPD, Glycine 1, 2 510 74, 76

9
SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
No. Analysis Reagent Range Displayed
as
Method
[nm]
Page
124 Chromium
50 PP
powder pack 0.005-0.5 mg/l Cr 1,5-Diphenyl-
carbohydrazide1,2
542 80, 82
125 Chromium PP
powder pack 0.02-2 mg/l Cr 1,5-Diphenyl-
carbohydrazide1,2
542 80, 86
130 COD LR TT tube test 0-150 mg/l O2
Dichromate/H2SO4 1, 2 420 90
131 COD MR TT tube test 0-1500 mg/l O2
Dichromate/H2SO4 1, 2 620 92
132 COD HR TT tube test 0-15 g/l O2
Dichromate/H2SO4 1, 2 620 94
149 Copper 50 T tablet 0.05-1 mg/l Cu Biquinoline 4 559 96, 98
150 Copper T * tablet 0.5-5 mg/l Cu Biquinoline 4559 96,102
153 Copper PP
powder pack 0.05-5 mg/l Cu Bicinchoninate 560 106
156 Cyanide 50 L powder +
liquid
0.005-0.2 mg/l CN Pyridine barbituric
acid 1
585 108
157 Cyanide L
powder pack
+ liquid
0.01-0.5 mg/l CN Pyridine barbituric
acid 1
585 110
160
Cyanuric acid T tablet 2-160 mg/l Cys Melamine 530 112
165 DEHA T tablet +
liquid
20-500 μg/l DEHA PPST3562 114
167 DEHA PP powder +
liquid
20-500 μg/l DEHA PPST3562 116
170 Fluoride L liquid 0.05-1.5 mg/l F SPADNS2580 118
175 Formaldehyde
10
powder +
liquid
1-5 mg/l
HCHO
H2O2/Chromotropic
acid 6
585 120
176 Formaldehyde
50
powder +
liquid
0.02-1 mg/l
HCHO
H2O2/Chromotropic
acid 6
585 122
177 Formaldehyde
TT
tube test 0.1-5 mg/l
HCHO
H2O2/Chromotropic
acid 6
575 124
200 Hardness,
total T
tablet 2-50 mg/l
CaCO3
Metallphthalein3 571 126
201 Hardness, total
HR T
tablet 20-500 mg/l
CaCO3
Metallphthalein3571 128
203 Hazen 50
direct
reading
0-500 mg/l Pt-Co Pt-Co-Scale 1,2 455 130
205 Hydrazine P powder 0.05-0.5 mg/l N2H4
4-(Dimethylamino)-
benzaldehyde3
455 132
206 Hydrazine L liquid
0.005-0.6 mg/l N2H4 4-(Dimethylamino)-
benzaldehyde3
455 134
Part 1 Methods
1.1 Table of Methods
* = free, combined, total; PP = powder pack; T = tablet;
L = liquid; TT = tube test; LR = low range; MR = middle range; HR = high range;

10 SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
No. Analysis Reagent Range Displayed
as
Method
[nm]
Page
209 Hydrogen
peroxide 50 T
tablet 0.01-0.5 mg/l H2O2DPD/Catalyst 5510 136
210 Hydrogen
peroxide T
tablet 0.03-1.5 mg/l H2O2DPD/Catalyst 5510 138
215 Iodine T tablet 0.05-3.6 mg/l I DPD 5510 140
218 Iron 10 T tablet 0.1-1 mg/l Fe PPST 3 562
142, 144
219 Iron 50 T tablet 0.01-0.5 mg/l Fe PPST 3 562 142, 146
220 Iron LR T tablet 0.01-1 mg/l Fe PPST 3562 142, 148
222 Iron PP powder pack 0.1-3 mg/l Fe 1,10-Phenantroline3 510 142, 150
223 Iron (TPTZ) PP powder pack 0.1-1.8 mg/l Fe TPTZ 590 142, 152
232 Lead 10 liquid 0.1-5 mg/l Pb 4-(2-Pyridylazo)-
resorcin6
520 154
234 Lead (A) TT tube test 0.1-5 mg/l Pb 4-(2-Pyridylazo)-
resorcin6
515 156, 158
235 Lead (B) TT tube test 0.1-5 mg/l Pb 4-(2-Pyridylazo)-
resorcin6
515 156, 159
240 Manganese T tablet 0.2-4 mg/l Mn Formaldoxime 450 160
242 Manganese
LR PP
powder pack
+ liquid
0.01-0.7 mg/l Mn PAN 558 162
243 Manganese
HR PP
powder pack 0.1-18 mg/l Mn Periodate
oxidation2
525 164
250 Molybdate T tablet 1-30 mg/l
MoO4
Thioglycolate4366 166
252 Molybdate
HR PP
powder pack 0.5-66 mg/l
MoO4
Mercaptoacetic
acid
420 168
255 Nickel 50 L powder +
liquid
0.02-1 mg/l Ni Dimethyl-
glyoxime2,3
443 170
256 Nickel L powder +
liquid
0.2-7 mg/l Ni Dimethyl-
glyoxime2,3
443 172
265 Nitrate TT tube test 1-30 mg/l N
Chromotropic acid 410 174
267 Nitrate LR TT tube test 0.5-14 mg/l N 2,6-Dimethyl-
phenol2,3
340 176
270 Nitrite T tablet 0.01-0.5 mg/l N N-(1-Naphthyl)-
ethylendiamine2,3
545 178
272 Nitrite PP
powder pack 0.01-0.3 mg/l N Diazotization 507 180
Part 1 Methods
1.1 Table of Methods
* = free, combined, total; PP = powder pack; T = tablet;
L = liquid; TT = tube test; LR = low range; MR = middle range; HR = high range;

11
SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
No. Analysis Reagent Range Displayed
as
Method
[nm]
Page
275 Nitrite LR TT tube test 0.03-0.6 mg/l N Sulfanilic acid /
Naphthylamine1
545 182
276 Nitrite HR TT tube test 0.3-3 mg/l N Sulfanilic acid/
Naphthylamine1
545 184
280 Nitrogen,
total
LR TT
tube test 0.5-25 mg/l N Persulfate
digestion method
410 186
281 Nitrogen,
total
HR TT
tube test 5-150 mg/l N Persulfate
digestion method
410 188
283 Nitrogen, total
LR 2 TT
tube test 0.5-14 mg/l N 2,6 Dimethyl-
phenol 2,3
340 190
284 Nitrogen, total
HR 2 TT
tube test 5-140 mg/l N 2,6 Dimethyl-
phenol 2,3
340 192
290
Oxygen, active T tablet 0.1-10 mg/l O2DPD 510 194
299 Ozone
(DPD) 50
tablet 0.02-0.5 mg/l O3DPD/Glycine 5510 196,
198
300 Ozone
(DPD) T
tablet 0.02-1 mg/l O3DPD /Glycine5510 196,
202
330 pH-Value T tablet 6.5-8.4 — Phenol red5558 206
331 pH-Value L liquid 6.5-8.4 — Phenol red5558 208
315 Phenol T tablet 0.1-5 mg/l
C6H5OH
4-Aminoantipyrine
1 507 210
326 Phosphate,
total TT
tube test 0.02-1.1 mg/l P
Acid persulf. digestion,
Ascorbic acid
2
890 212,
214
317 Phosphate,
total LR TT
tube test 0.07-3 mg/l P
Phosphomolybdic
acid /
Ascorbic acid2
690 212,
216
318 Phosphate,
total HR TT
tube test 1.5-20 mg/l P
Phosphomolybdic
acid/
Ascorbic acid2
690 212,
218
320 Phosphate,
ortho LR T
tablet 0.05-4 mg/l PO4Ammonium-
molybdate
2, 3
710 212,
220
321 Phosphate,
ortho HR T
tablet 1-80 mg/l PO4Vanando
-
molybdate
2
470 212,
222
323 Phosphate,
ortho PP
powder pack 0.06-2.5 mg/l PO4 Ascorbic acid
2
890 212,
224
324 Phosphate,
ortho TT
tube test 0.06-5 mg/l PO4 Ascorbic acid
2
890 212,
226
322 Phosphate,
ortho (VM) TT
tube test 3-60 mg/l PO4
Vanadomolybdate 2 438 212,
228
Part 1 Methods
1.1 Table of Methods
* = free, combined, total; PP = powder pack; T = tablet;
L = liquid; TT = tube test; LR = low range; MR = middle range; HR = high range;

12 SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
No. Analysis Reagent Range Displayed
as
Method
[nm]
Page
325 Phosphate,
hydr. TT
tube test 0.02-1.6 mg/l P
Acid digestion/
Ascorbic acid2
890 212,
230
340 Potassium T tablet 1-10 mg/l K
Tetraphenylborate-
Turbidity
4
730 232
345 S Abs 436 nm
(Colour)
direct
reading
0-50 m-1 EN ISO
7887:19941
436 234
346 S Abs 525 nm
(Colour)
direct
reading
0-50 m-1 EN ISO
7887:19941
525 234
347 S Abs 620 nm
(Colour)
direct
reading
0-50 m-1 EN ISO
7887:19941
620 234
350 Silica T tablet 0.05-3 mg/l SiO2
Silicomolybdate
2, 3
820 236
351 Silica LR PP
powder pack 0.1-1.6 mg/l SiO2Heteropolyblue 2815 238
352 Silica HR PP
powder pack 1-100 mg/l SiO2Silicomolybdate 452 240
360 Sulfate PP
powder pack 2-100 mg/l SO4Bariumsulfate-
Turbidity2
450 242
365 Sulfide tablet 0.04-0.5 mg/l S –DPD/Catalyst3,4 668 244
368 Sulfite 10 T tablet 0.1-10 mg/l SO3DTNB 405 246
370 Sulfite T tablet 0.05-4 mg/l SO3DTNB 405 248
375
Surfactants
(anionic) TT
tube test 0.05-2 mg/l MBAS Methylene blue
6,1 653 250
381 TOC HR TT tube test 50-800 mg/l TOC
H2SO4 /Persulfate /
Indicator6
596 252
385 Turbidity 50 direct
reading
5-500 FAU Attenuated
Radiation Method
860 254
390 Urea T tablet +
liquid
0.1-2 mg/l Urea Indophenol/
Urease
676 256
400 Zinc T tablet 0.02-0.5 mg/l Zn Zincon 3616 258
Part 1 Methods
1.1 Table of Methods
* = free, combined, total; PP = powder pack; T = tablet;
L = liquid; TT = tube test; LR = low range; MR = middle range; HR = high range;

13
SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
1.1 Methods
Literature
The reagent formulations are based on internationally recognised test methods. Some are
described in national and/or international guidelines.
1) Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung
2) Standard methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater; 18th Edition, 1992
3) Photometrische Analysenverfahren, Schwedt,
Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Stuttgart 1989
4) Photometrische Analyse, Lange / Vejdelek,
Verlag Chemie 1980
5) Colorimetric Chemical Analytical methods,
9th Edition, London
6) adapted from Merck,
for more information see instructions delivered with the test
Notes for searching:
Active Oxygen -> Oxygen, activ
Alkalinity-m -> Alkalinity, total
Alkalinity, total -> Alkalinity, total
Colour -> Hazen or Spectral Absorption Coefficient (S Abs)
Total Hardness -> Hardness, total
m-Value -> Alkalinity, total
p-Value -> Alkalinity-p
Phosphate, reactive -> Phosphate, ortho
Silicon dioxide -> Silica
Langelier Saturation -> Mode function 70
Index (Water Balance)

14 SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
1.1 Methods
Acid demand to pH 4.3
with Tablet
0.1 – 4 mmol/l
1. Fill a clean vial (24 mm Ø) with 10 ml of the water sample,
close tightly with the cap.
2. Place the vial in the sample chamber making sure
that the marks are aligned.
3. Press ZERO key.
4. Remove the vial from the sample chamber.
5. Add one ALKA-M-PHOTOMETER tablet straight
from the foil to the water sample and crush the tablet
using a clean stirring rod.
6. Close the vial tightly with the cap and swirl several
times until the tablet is dissolved.
7. Place the vial in the sample chamber making sure that
the marks are aligned.
8. Press TEST key.
The result is shown in the display as
Acid demand to pH 4.3 in mmol/l.
prepare Zero
press ZERO
Zero accepted
prepare Test
press TEST
20

15
SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
1.1 Methods
Notes:
1. The terms total Alkalinity, Alkalinity-m, m-Value and Acid demand to pH 4.3 are
identical.
2. For accurate results exactly 10 ml of water sample must be taken for the test.

16 SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
1.1 Methods
Alkalinity-p = p-value
with Tablet
5 – 300 mg/l CaCO3
1. Fill a clean vial (24 mm Ø) with 10 ml of the water sample,
close tightly with the cap.
2. Place the vial in the sample chamber making sure that
the marks are aligned.
3. Press ZERO key.
4. Remove the vial from the sample chamber.
5. Add one ALKA-P-PHOTOMETER tablet straight
from the foil to the water sample and crush the tablet
using a clean stirring rod.
6. Close the vial tightly with the cap and swirl several
times until the tablet is dissolved.
7. Place the vial in the sample chamber making sure that
the marks are aligned.
8. Press TEST key.
The result is shown in the display as Alkalinity-p.
prepare Zero
press ZERO
Zero accepted
prepare Test
press TEST
35

17
SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
1.1 Methods
Notes
1. The terms Alkalinity-p, p-Value and Alkalinity to pH 8.2 are identical.
2. For accurate test results exactly 10 ml of water sample must be taken for the test.
3. This method was developed from a volumetric procedure for the determination of
Alkalinity-p. Due to undefined conditions, the deviations from the standardised method
may be greater.
4. Conversion table:
mg/l CaCO3°dH °fH °eH
1 mg/l CaCO3---- 0.056 0.10 0.07
1 °dH 17.8 ---- 1.78 1.25
1 °fH 10.0 0.56 ---- 0.70
1 °eH 14.3 0.80 1.43 ----
CaCO3
°dH
°eH
°fH
°aH
5. By determining Alkalinity-p and Alkalinity-m it is possible to classify the alkalinity as
Hydroxide, Carbonate and Hydrogencarbonate.
The following differentiation is only valid if:
a) no other alkalis are present and
b) Hydroxide und Hydrogen are not present in the same water sample.
If condition b) is not fulfilled please get additional information from
”Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung, D 8”.
Case 1: Alkalinity-p = 0
Hydrogen carbonate = m
Carbonate = 0
Hydroxide = 0
Case 2: Alkalinity-p > 0 and Alkalinity-m > 2p
Hydrogen carbonate = m – 2p
Carbonate = 2p
Hydroxide = 0
Case 3: Alkalinity-p > 0 and Alkalinity-m < 2p
Hydrogen carbonate = 0
Carbonate = 2m – 2p
Hydroxide = 2p – m

18 SP600 Spectrophotometer 01/2008
1.1 Methods
Alkalinity, total = Alkalinity-m =
m-Value
with Tablet
5 – 200 mg/l CaCO3
1. Fill a clean vial (24 mm Ø) with 10 ml of the water sample,
close tightly with the cap.
2. Place the vial in the sample chamber making sure that
the marks are aligned.
3. Press ZERO key.
4. Remove the vial from the sample chamber.
5. Add one ALKA-M-PHOTOMETER tablet straight
from the foil to the water sample and crush the tablet
using a clean stirring rod.
6. Close the vial tightly with the cap and swirl several
times until the tablet is dissolved.
7. Place the vial in the sample chamber making sure that
the marks are aligned.
8. Press TEST key.
The result is shown in the display as total Alkalinity.
prepare Zero
press ZERO
Zero accepted
prepare Test
press TEST
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