Proces-Data PD 340 User manual

502 010 07
PROCES-DATA A/S
NAVERVEJ 8-10, DK-8600 SILKEBORG • Tel. [phone] • www.proces-data.com
Flow Transmitter
PD 340
Manual
GB

502 010 07
Copyright by PROCES-DATA A/S. All rights reserved.
PROCES-DATA A/S reserves the right to make any changes without prior notice.
P-NET®, Soft-Wiring®and Process-Pascal®are registered trademarks.

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Manual Flow Transmitter, PD 340 3/59
Contents
1General information.........................................................................................................5
1.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................5
1.2 Features ...................................................................................................................5
1.3 Construction.............................................................................................................6
1.4 Operating principles.................................................................................................8
1.5 Reducing the influence of varying flow profiles........................................................9
1.6 Linearizing function ................................................................................................10
2Function description.......................................................................................................11
2.1 Flow measurement.................................................................................................11
2.1.1 Test mode.......................................................................................................11
2.2 Volume counter......................................................................................................11
2.3 Automatic functions................................................................................................11
2.3.1 Batch Control..................................................................................................11
2.3.2 Flow control.....................................................................................................12
2.3.3 Limit switch......................................................................................................12
2.4 Temperature measurement....................................................................................12
2.5 Output1...................................................................................................................12
2.6 Output2...................................................................................................................12
2.7 Output3...................................................................................................................13
2.8 Input........................................................................................................................13
2.9 P-NET Interface......................................................................................................13
2.10 PD 210 display unit................................................................................................13
3Display...........................................................................................................................14
3.1 Local display unit, PD 210......................................................................................14
3.2 Display registers.....................................................................................................14
3.2.1 Changing register contents.............................................................................15
3.2.2 Configuration and calibration using the PD 210.............................................15
3.2.3 Error readout...................................................................................................15
3.2.4 Construction....................................................................................................15
3.2.5 Assembly drawing for PD 210 ........................................................................15
3.3 Flowmeter-Display, PD 4000/340..........................................................................16
4Meter selection and installation.....................................................................................17
4.1 Selecting the correct meter size.............................................................................17
4.1.1 Quick Selection Guide....................................................................................18
4.2 Installation and care of the transmitter...................................................................19
5Electrical connections....................................................................................................22
5.1 Power supply..........................................................................................................22
5.2 Output1...................................................................................................................22
5.3 Digital output signals..............................................................................................23
5.3.1 Output2 ...........................................................................................................23
5.3.2 Output3 ...........................................................................................................24
5.3.3 Output3, current output...................................................................................24

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5.4 Input signal .............................................................................................................26
5.5 Temperature signal, Pt100.....................................................................................26
5.6 Connecting the display unit, PD 210......................................................................26
5.7 P-NET fieldbus connections...................................................................................26
6Variable description........................................................................................................28
6.1 SoftWire Table........................................................................................................28
6.1.1 Process variables............................................................................................31
6.1.2 Configuration and calibration parameters.......................................................34
6.2 Factory settings ......................................................................................................39
6.3 Changing settings...................................................................................................40
Changing settings from m³ to litre measurements.........................................................41
73-phase output signals...................................................................................................42
7.1 3-phase counter without separate error signal (mode 3).......................................43
7.2 2-phase counter with separate error signal (mode 2)............................................43
7.3 Counter with up/down signal & separate error signal (mode 1).............................44
7.4 Table showing signal mode relationships ..............................................................45
8Applications....................................................................................................................46
8.1 Flow Control............................................................................................................46
8.2 Batch control using the PD 210 display..................................................................48
9Fault finding....................................................................................................................51
9.1 Error detection........................................................................................................51
9.2 Typical errors..........................................................................................................51
9.2.1 Flow Transmitter with PD 210 display unit......................................................51
9.2.2 Flow Transmitter without display unit..............................................................52
10 List of spare parts...........................................................................................................53
11 Specifications.................................................................................................................54
11.1 Flow measurement.................................................................................................54
11.2 Power Supply..........................................................................................................54
11.3 Liquid ......................................................................................................................54
11.4 Measurement of temperature.................................................................................55
11.5 Environment............................................................................................................55
11.6 Approvals................................................................................................................55
11.7 Dimensions and capacities.....................................................................................56
11.8 Maximum flow rates and weight.............................................................................56
11.9 Material...................................................................................................................57
11.10 Connections............................................................................................................57
12 Appendix 1.....................................................................................................................58
12.1 Memory types.........................................................................................................58
13 Appendix 2.....................................................................................................................59

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Manual Flow Transmitter, PD 340 5/59
1 General information
1.1 Introduction
The PD 340 Flow Transmitter is a precision meter for the volumetric measurement of liquids
that are electrically conducting.
The rugged construction of the transmitter makes it suitable for installations where solid par-
ticulates make up part of the liquid for measurement.
This manual is applicable to PD 340 Flow Transmitters that utilise the ‘Version 2’ electronics
module.
1.2 Features
Sanitary design
Maintenance-free, no moving parts
Automatic zero point correction
High accuracy, even at very low flow rates
Bi-directional flow
Volumetric measurement in m3, litres, U.S. gallons etc.
Pulse output to an electronic counter, 0-1000 pulses per second
Pulse output to an electromechanical counter, 0-10 pulses per second
Current output, 4-20 mA (extended version)
Batch control function
Limit switch function
Flow regulator function (PI controller)
Practically no loss of pressure
A PD 210 display unit can be simply connected. The PD 210 unit can display accumu-
lated volume, setpoint for batch control or PI regulator, flow rate, temperature, etc.
Count stop/clear logic input function.
Temperature measurement using an external temperature sensor
Temperature compensated flow measurement
Continuous Selftest, which can be monitored through P-NET
P-NET Fieldbus Communication (IEC 61158 Type 4)
EMC approved (DS/EN 61000-6-2) (DS/EN 61000-6-3)
Vibration approved (IEC 60068-2-6 Test Fc)

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1.3 Construction
The PD 340 Flow Transmitter consists of three parts: The meterhead, the electronic module,
and the terminal box. 1
The electronic module and the terminal box are the same for all sizes of transmitter.
The Meterhead consists of a stainless metering pipe with clamp connections. Two magnet
coils are mounted external to the metering pipe. Two stainless electrodes are mounted inside
the metering pipe.
The measuring section is designed with a square measurement chamber, which prevents
changes in flow profile affecting meter accuracy (see the following chapters, Operating princi-
ples, and Reducing the influence of varying flow profiles, for details). Hence the transmitter
has a wide range of flow rates within its linear accuracy. Changes from laminar to turbulent
flow do not affect the linear accuracy, and changing viscosity has no affect on meter accuracy.
The calibration of the meterhead is carried out during manufacture using a computer controlled
calibration facility.
The Electronic Module is available in two versions, standard and extended with current out-
put or 3-phase output. See appendix 1 for further details.
The standard version has two pulse output signals and one logic input. The transmitter can
also be directly connected to a display unit.
In the extended version, one of the outputs can be configured either for pulse output or ana-
logue current output, 4-20 mA.
The extended version can also be configured for 3-phase output. In this mode the normal
separate pulse output signals are transformed to a combined 3-phased output signal.
The extended version has a built-in P-NET Fieldbus interface (IEC 61158 Type 4), which can
be used for configuration, or for central data collection or control.
The Terminal Box is completely separated from the electronic module. Connections can
therefore be changed without disruption to the electronics. All terminals within the terminal box
are clearly marked with both number and function.
The box is also equipped with 3 cable glands, type PG 11.
Figure 1: PD 340 C 25/C 38/C 51/C 63/C 76
Figure 2: PD 340 C 102
1For meter size C 102: The electronic module is an integrated part of the meterhead.

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Manual Flow Transmitter, PD 340 7/59
PD 210
7 8 9
E 4 5 6
1 2 3
CE 0,+/-
=
FLOW TEMP. VOL.1 SETP.
T.C.
FLOW VOL.2
DISPLAY FOR
FLOW TRANSMITTER
COUNTER
24 V
+
Temperature
detector
P-NET
interface
Electronic module
Terminal box
Meterhead
Clamp
connection
2 wire
+ screen
2 wire
24 V battery
or
Transformer
Mains
supply
PC
Flowmeter-Display
PD 210
Control valve/
Frequency
controller (Pump)/
Instrument
Figure 3: System diagram

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1.4 Operating principles
The meterhead consists of a metering pipe and two magnetic coils. When a current is applied
to the coils a magnetic field is produced at right angles to the metering pipe.
With a conductive liquid flowing through the metering pipe an electrical voltage is induced and
measured by two electrodes mounted in the metering pipe. This voltage is proportional to the
average velocity of flow and therefore to the volume flowing.
The PD 340 Flow Transmitter utilizes a square measurement chamber. The shape of the
measurement chamber significantly reduces the influence of viscosity, type of liquid, and flow
profiles (see details in the next chapter, Reducing the influence of varying flow profiles).
Practical tests with the PD 340 confirm that it is not necessary to recalibrate the meter when
changing product, such as from water to milk. This would normally be necessary when using
magnetic flowmeters that have traditional round measuring chambers.
Ue
B
V
Current
genera-
tion
551 098 01
D
Figure 4: Operating principles
Ue = K x B x V x D
Ue = voltage across electrodes
K = system constant
B = magnetic field
V = average velocity
D = distance between electrodes
The micro-processor in the transmitter controls the current generator, keeping the magnetic
field constant. The voltage across the electrodes is amplified and converted to a digital value
from which the micro-processor calculates the liquid flow.

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1.5 Reducing the influence of varying flow profiles
When a liquid flows through a pipe, its velocity tends to vary from zero along the pipe wall up
to its maximum through the centre of the pipe.
The velocity profile depends on the actual flow velocity together with the viscosity of the liq-
uid.
When the flow rate is low, the velocity profile takes the shape of a parab-
ola. This is called laminar flow. If the flow rate is gradually increased, the
flow profile also changes gradually, still maintaining the laminar flow pro-
file, until it reaches the critical velocity. At this flow rate, the flow profile
will, via a transition phase, change from laminar to turbulent flow with the
formation of eddies and chaotic motion, which do not contribute to the
volume flow rate. The two types of flow profile are illustrated on the figure
to the right. Precisely when the liquid reaches the critical velocity and
changes to turbulent flow, depends on the diameter of the pipe, and on
the viscosity and density of the liquid. For cream, for example, the visco-
sity strongly depend on the temperature and the percentage of fat, and it
is therefore not possible to predict the flow profile at any given flow rates.
The technique used to avoid an unknown flow profile from affecting the accuracy of a meas-
urement, consists essentially of measuring the average velocity of the liquid throughout the
full cross section of the pipe, hence registering all the liquid passing through it.
The average measurement is achieved in a PD 340 by using a
square measurement chamber, where each of the two electrodes are
designed to measure across the complete cross section of flow.
This is in contrast to flow meters having a circular cross section and
point-type electrodes. Here the ‘field of view’ between the electrodes
is limited to only involving the liquid passing directly between the
electrodes. Its calibration is therefore conditional on a particular
known flow profile.
Measures over
the entire cross
section of the
chamber
Field of view

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1.6 Linearizing function
Because of its construction as described in the previous chapter, the PD 340 Flow Transmit-
ter is, by its very nature linear, even without any electronic compensation.
However, most of our customers prefer not to use anything smaller than 25 mm as a pipe
diameter, even for very low flow rates. Therefore, to further improve linearity, a special com-
pensation function has been developed and implemented within the ‘Version 2’ electronics
module. Consequently, when this function is enabled2, the PD 340 can now be used even at
very low flow rates, but still offering the same well-known high accuracy measurement as
normally experienced with higher flow rates.
During the flow calibration at the factory, the linearizing curve is calculated and downloaded
to the electronic module. For this reason, all new PD 340 Flow Transmitters will hold the data
needed by the linearizing function, when they are delivered as complete meters, i.e. meter-
head and electronic module. If one of the new electronic modules needs to be mounted on a
meter head with which it was not originally tested, and the linearizing function is to be used,
data for the linearizing function can be downloaded to the electronic module using a PC with
VIGO version 5.6 or higher installed (valid for extended version electronics only).
The graph below shows the linearizing curve for a specific flow transmitter. If this flow trans-
mitter measures the flow rate at 20 % of full scale, this value will be compensated by ÷0.01%
of full scale.
2Enable/disable: Register E7, Dig. 5.