Racal Instruments 2251A User manual

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________________________________________________________________________________
VXI REVISION 1.4
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
2251A
UNIVERSAL TIMER/COUNTER
PUBLICATION NO. 980789
RACAL INSTRUMENTS
Racal Instruments, Inc.
4 Goodyear St., Irvine, CA 92718-2002
Tel: (800) RACAL-ATE, (949) 859- 8999, FAX: [phone]
Racal Instruments, Ltd.
480 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 6BE, United Kingdom
Tel: [phone]; FAX: [phone]
Racal Systems Electronique
18 Avenue Dutartre, 78150 LeChesnay, France
Tel: [phone]; FAX: [phone]
Racal Systems Elettronica Srl.
Strada 2-Palazzo C4, 20090 Milanofiori Assago, Milan, Italy
Tel: [phone]; FAX [phone]
Racal Elektronik System GmbH.
Frankenforster Strasse 21, 51427 Bergisch-Gladbach 1, Germany
Tel:[phone]; FAX: [phone]
Racal Australia Pty. Ltd.
3 Powells Road, Brookvale, NSW 2100, Australia
Tel: [phone], FAX: [phone]
Racal Electronics Pte. Ltd.
26 Ayer Rajah Crescent, 04-06/07 Ayer Rajah Industrial Estate, Singapore 0513.
Tel: [phone], FAX: [phone]
Racal Instruments, Ltd.
Room 1213 Nan Fung Centre, Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong
Tel: [phone], FAX: [phone]
http://www.racalinst.com
PUBLICATION DATE: SEPTEMBER 1998
Copyright 1998 by Racal Instruments, Inc. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved.
This book or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form without written permission of the publisher.
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WARRANTY STATEMENT
All Racal Instruments, Inc. products are designed and manufactured to exacting standards and in full
conformance to Racal’s ISO 9001 procedures.
For the specific terms of your standard warranty, or optional extended warranty or service agreement, contact
your Racal customer service advisor. Please have the following information available to facilitate service.
1. Product serial number
2. Product model number
3. Your company and contact information
You may contact your customer service advisor by:
E-Mail: [email protected]
Telephone: [phone] (USA)
[phone] (UK)
[phone] (Hong Kong)
Fax: [phone] (USA)
[phone] (UK)
[phone] (Hong Kong)
RETURN of PRODUCT
Authorization is required from Racal Instruments before you send us your product for service or calibration. Call
your nearest Racal Instruments support facility. A list is located on the last page of this manual. If you are
unsure where to call, contact Racal Instruments, Inc. Customer Support Department in Irvine, California, USA at
1-800-722-3262 or 1-949-859-8999 or via fax at 1-949-859-7139. We can be reached at:
[email protected].
PROPRIETARY NOTICE
This document and the technical data herein disclosed, are proprietary to Racal Instruments, and shall not,
without express written permission of Racal Instruments, be used, in whole or in part to solicit quotations from a
competitive source or used for manufacture by anyone other than Racal Instruments. The information herein has
been developed at private expense, and may only be used for operation and maintenance reference purposes or
for purposes of engineering evaluation and incorporation into technical specifications and other documents which
specify procurement of products from Racal Instruments.
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FOR YOUR SAFETY
Before undertaking any troubleshooting, maintenance or exploratory procedure, read
carefully the WARNINGS and CAUTION notices.
This equipment contains voltage hazardous to human life and safety, and is capable of
inflicting personal injury.
If this instrument is to be powered from the AC line (mains) through an autotransformer,
ensure the common connector is connected to the neutral (earth pole) of the power
supply.
Before operating the unit, ensure the conductor (green wire) is connected to the ground
(earth) conductor of the power outlet. Do not use a two-conductor extension cord or a
three-prong/two-prong adapter. This will defeat the protective feature of the third conductor
in the power cord.
Maintenance and calibration procedures sometimes call for operation of the unit with
power applied and protective covers removed. Read the procedures and heed warnings to
avoid “live” circuit points.
Before operating this instrument:
1. Ensure the instrument is configured to operate on the voltage at the power source. See
Installation Section.
2. Ensure the proper fuse is in place for the power source to operate.
3. Ensure all other devices connected to or in proximity to this instrument are properly
grounded or connected to the protective third-wire earth ground.
If the instrument:
-fails to operate satisfactorily
-shows visible damage
-has been stored under unfavorable conditions
-has sustained stress
Do not operate until performance is checked by qualified personnel.
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i
OPERATORS MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MODEL 2251A
SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION ...................... 1-1
1.1 Introduction ..................................... 1-1
1.2 Measurement Functions ............................ 1-2
1.3 Input Signal Conditioning .......................... 1-3
1.4 Options......................................... 1-4
1.5 PerformanceSpecifications ......................... 1-5
1.6 DefinitionsandNotes ............................. 1-14
1.7 Safety .......................................... 1-17
1.8 Product Support .................................. 1-17
SECTION 2 INSTALLATION ................................ 2-1
2.1 Introduction ..................................... 2-1
2.2 UnpackingandInspection .......................... 2-1
2.3 ReshipmentInstructions ........................... 2-1
2.4 Interrupt Level and Logical Address Setting ............ 2-1
2.5 Installation ...................................... 2-2
SECTION 3 USING THE INSTRUMENT ...................... 3-1
3.1 VXIbusControl .................................. 3-1
3.2 VXIbus Logical Address and Interrupt Level Assignment . 3-1
3.3 2251A Home State ................................ 3-2
3.4 FunctionalCheck................................. 3-3
3.5 Output Message Format ............................ 3-4
3.6 Input Commands ................................. 3-6
3.7 Selecting the Measurement Function .................. 3-11
3.8 Numerical Input Data .............................. 3-12
3.9 ResolutionControlSelection........................ 3-13
3.10 Signal Conditional Parameters ....................... 3-14
3.11 Measurement Control Codes ........................ 3-15
3.12 Store and Recall Codes ............................ 3-16
3.13 Special Functions ................................. 3-17
3.14 2251A Supported IEEE-488.2 Commands ............. 3-20
3.15 2251A IEEE-488.2 Status Reporting Structure Requiremnts 3-22
3.16 Device Dependent Status Bit (DDSB) ................. 3-23
3.17 Error Messages .................................. 3-25
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ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
SECTION 4 PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION ................ 4-1
4.1 Performance Verification Procedures (PVPs) .......... 4-1
4.2 FunctionalChecks ................................ 4-14
4.3 Disassembly Instructions .......................... 4-17
4.4 Reassembly Instructions ........................... 4-17
4.5 2251A Input Amplifier Setup Procedure .............. 4-18
SECTION 5 APPLICATION NOTES .......................... 5-1
5.1 ProgrammingDefaultsinAutomaticFunctions ......... 5-1
5.2 Calculating Measurement Cycle Time ................ 5-8
SECTION 6 OPTIONAL CABLE ASSEMBLIES ................ 6-1
FIGURES
1.1 2251A Resident In a VXIbus Compatible Mainframe .... 1-1
2.1 LocationofSwitches .............................. 2-2
3.1 IEEE-488.2 Status Reporting Model .................. 3-22
4.1 Input A Low Frequency Sensitivity Test Configuration . . . 4-3
4.2 Input A High Frequency Sensitivity Test Configuration . . . 4-4
4.3 Input B Low Frequency Sensitivity Test Configuration . . . 4-5
4.4 Input B High Frequency Sensitivity Test Configuration . . . 4-6
4.5 Input C Test Configuration ......................... 4-7
4.6 Time Interval A-B Test Configuration ................ 4-8
4.7 TotalizeAbyBTestConfiguration .................. 4-9
4.8 RatioA/BTestConfiguration ....................... 4-10
4.9 RatioC/BTestConfiguration ....................... 4-11
4.10 Input A Trigger Level Test Configuration .............. 4-12
4.11 Input B Trigger Level Test Configuration .............. 4-13
4.12 Input A Filter Check Configuration ................... 4-14
4.13 Input A X10 Attenuator Check Configuration .......... 4-15
4.14 Input B X10 Attenuator Check Configuration ........... 4-16
4.15 Location of R10, R11, R12 and R15 .................. 4-18
4.16 Input A Amplifier Setup Configuration ................ 4-19
4.17 Input B Amplifier Setup Configuration ................ 4-20
4.18 Input C Setup Configuration ........................ 4-21
5.1 Positive/Negative Pulse ............................ 5-2
5.2 Rise/Fall Time ................................... 5-2
5.3 Phase Measurements .............................. 5-6
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iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
TABLES
3.1 2251A Home State ................................ 3-2
3.2 2251A Measurement Mode Output Strings ............. 3-5
3.3 2251A Recalled Data Output Strings ................. 3-6
3.4 Permitted Terminators ............................. 3-7
3.5 Instrument Preset Condition ........................ 3-8
3.6 Instrument Preset Code ............................ 3-9
3.7 Numerical Input Format ............................ 3-10
3.8 Measurement Function Codes ....................... 3-11
3.9 Numerical Input Ranges ........................... 3-12
3.10 Resolution Control Selection ........................ 3-13
3.11 Input Control Codes ............................... 3-14
3.12 Measurement Control Codes ........................ 3-15
3.13 Store and Recall Codes ............................ 3-16
3.14 Special Function Codes ............................ 3-18
3.15 Using the Special Function ......................... 3-19
3.16 IEEE-488.2 Command Codes ....................... 3-20
3.17 STA Related “Q” Codes ........................... 3-23
3.18 2251A STA Response Description ................... 3-24
3.19 2251A STA Error Code Set ......................... 3-25
3.20 Alphabetical List of 2251A Command Codes ........... 3-26
4.1 Input A Sensitivity Low Frequency Test ............... 4-3
4.2 Input A Sensitivity High Frequency Performance Limits . . 4-4
4.3 Input B Sensitivity Low Frequency Performance Limits . . 4-5
4.4 Input B Sensitivity High Frequency Performance Limits . . 4-6
4.5 Input C Sensitivity Performance Limits ............... 4-7
4.6 Time Interval A-B Test Performance Limits ............ 4-8
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iv
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1-1
SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 The Racal Instruments Universal Counter Timer Model 2251A is a microprocessor
controlled instrument offering high resolution measurement capabilities. The 2251A
is designed to be used under the direction of the Slot 0 System Resource Manager of
aVXIbus compatible mainframe. The 2251A conforms to VXIbus System
Specification Revision 1.4.
1.1.2 The measurement capabilities of the 2251A may be extended to include frequency
measurements to 1.3 GHz with Option 41.
1.1.3 The 2251A is designed to be controlled remotely over the VXIbus. No local control
of the counter is possible. The command set the counter responds to is defined by
Racal Instruments. Refer to Section 3 of this manual for details of this command set.
1.1.4 Refer to Figure 1-1 for an illustration of the 2251A in a VXI mainframe.
Figure 1-1. Model 2251A Resident In a VXIbus Compatible Mainframe.
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1-2
1.2 Measurement Functions
1.2.1 The following measurement functions are available in the 2251A Counter.
1.2.1.1 Frequency A. This provides frequency measurement up to 200 MHz using input A.
1.2.1.2 Frequency B. This provides frequency measurement up to 160 MHz using input B.
1.2.1.3 Period A. This provides period measurement from 5 nS using input A.
1.2.1.4 Period B. This provides period measurement from 6.25 nS using input B.
1.2.1.5 Time Interval. This provides Time Interval measurements in two modes; Separate mode,
where events at inputs A and B start and stop the measurement, and Common mode, where
events at input A both start and stop the measurement.
1.2.1.6 Total A by B. This counts the number of events occurring at input A between events at input
B.
ManualTotalize. This counts the number of events between device dependant
commands to open and close the counter’s gate.
1.2.1.7 Ratio A/B. This measures the ratio of the frequencies applied to inputs A and B.
1.2.1.8 Rise/Fall A. This measures the rise or fall time of a signal at input A, depending on the slope
selected.
1.2.1.9 Pulse Width A. This measures the interval between successive rising to falling, or falling to
rising edges, depending on the trigger slope conditions specified.
1.2.1.10 Phase A rel B. This measures the phase difference between signals at inputs A and
B.
1.2.1.11 Check mode. This mode allows the user to verify the 2251A is operating correctly.
Note the capabilities of the Check mode may be extended by the use of special
functions.
1.2.1.12 Frequency C. The frequency measurement range of the 2251A is extended to 1.3
GHz with Option 41.
1.2.1.13 Ratio C/B. Frequency ratio measurements up to 1.3 GHz are available when Option
41 is fitted to the 2251A.
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1-3
1.3 Input Signal Conditioning
1.3.1 The following signal conditioning capabilities are available to both inputs A and B
independently.
1.3.1.1 AC or DC coupling
1.3.1.2 1 Megohm or 50 ohm input impedances
1.3.1.3 X1 or X10 input attenuations
1.3.1.4 Positive or negative slope triggering conditions
1.3.1.5 Automatic or user defined input trigger level setting. Note the use of the auto-trigger facility
may cause the 2251A input attenuator to change between X10 and X1.
1.3.1.6 Low Pass Filter. A switchable low pass filter is provided that reduces the bandwidth of input
A to 50 kHz (nominal).
1.3.2 Additional Capabilities
1.3.2.1 External Arming. Additional qualification of the trigger conditions of a measurement is
provided by input D or the VXI trigger bus. Arming conditions are selected by the use of
special functions available in the command set.
1.3.2.2 External Frequency Standard Input. The 2251A may be locked to an external reference
frequency applied to this input. Selection of the reference frequency is under software
control.
1.3.2.3 Math Function. When the math function is active, the 2251A returns values of the form [
(Result - X) Y / Z ] where Result is a measured value, and X,Y and Z are constants entered
by the operator.
1.3.2.4 Averaging Mode. An additional digit of resolution is added to the 2251A output string in this
mode. Averages 100 measurements.
1.3.2.5 Special Functions. The measurement and diagnostic capabilities of the
2251A are extended by the special functions available in the command set.
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1-4
1.4 Options
1.4.1 The following options are available for use with the 2251A.
1.4.1.1 Option 02M: Control Interface Intermediate Language (CIIL) interpreter. This option allows
the 2251A to respond to the CIIL command set for use in MATE compatible test systems.
Refer to Model 2251A-02M manual, Publication No. 980667.
1.4.1.2 Option 10: External reference multiplier. This option allows the 2251A to be synchronized
to any integer sub-multiple of an external 10 MHz reference, e.g. 1, 2, 2.5, 5 MHz.
1.4.1.3 Option 11: This option provides a 0.1 ppm 10 MHz internal reference. The internal
reference is also output on the front panel for external use. Option 11 and Option 10
are mutually exclusive.
1.4.1.4 Option41: Channel C. This option extends the frequency measurement range to 1.3 GHz.
Input C has a fixed input impedance of 50 ohms, and a bandwidth of 40 MHz to 1.3 GHz.
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1-5
1.5 Performance Specifications
This section lists the performance specifications of the 2251A.
1.5.1 Input Characteristics
Inputs A and B available as front panel BNC connectors. Input signal may also be routed to
Channel A from any one of the internal analog SUMBUS lines on the VXIbus backplane.
Input A Frequency Range: DC Coupled: DC to 200 MHz
AC Coupled: 10 Hz to 200 MHz
Input B Frequency Range: DC Coupled: DC to 160 MHz
AC Coupled: 10 Hz to 160 MHz
Input Impedance: 1 Megohm or 50 Ohms, selectable
Input Attenuation: X1 or X10, selectable
Sensitivity (Sinewave) (X1): 25 mV rms to 100 MHz, 0-55EC
50 mV rms to 200 MHz, 0-30EC
60 mV rms to 200 MHz, 30-45EC
70 mV rms to 200 MHz, 45-55EC
Sensitivity (Pulse)(X1): 75 mV pp at 5 ns pulse width
Dynamic Range (X1): 36 dB to 50 MHz (75 mVpp to 5 Vpp)
30 dB to 100 MHz (75 mVpp to 2.5 Vpp)
24 dB to 200 MHz (150 mVpp to 2.5Vpp)
Maximum Input (50 ohm input): 5 V rms
Maximum Input (1 Megohm input): X1: 260 V (DC+AC rms), DC to 2 kHz,
decreasing to 5 Vrms at 100 kHz to 160 MHz.
X10: 260 V (DC+AC rms), DC to 20 kHz,
decreasing to 50 V rms at 100 kHz to 160
MHz..
Low Pass Filter: 50 kHz (nominal) Input A only
Crosstalk: <-36dB between channels, measured at 100
MHz with 50 ohms input impedance selected
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1-6
Input C (Option 41)
Frequency Range: 40 MHz to 1.3 GHz
Sensitivity (Sinewave): 25 mV rms to 1 GHz
50 mV rms to 1.3 GHz
Dynamic Range: 40 dB to 1 GHz
Input Impedance: 50 ohms (nominal)
VSWR: < 2:1 at 1GHz
Maximum Operating Input: 1 V rms
Maximum Input Without Damage: 7 V rms
1.5.2 Trigger Conditions Automatic or manual selection in the +5.1 V
to -5.1 V range (X1), +51 V to -51 V range
(X10)
Trigger Level Range: X1: ± 5.1 V in 20 mV steps
X10:± 51 V in 200 mV steps
Trigger Level Accuracy: X1: ± 1% of Trigger Level +30 mV
X10: ± 1% of Trigger Level +300 mV
Autotrigger Minimum Amplitude: 150 mV pp
Autotrigger Frequency Range: DC, 50 Hz to 160 MHz (typically to 200MHz)
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1-7
1.5.3 Measurement Functions
1.5.3.1 Frequency A & B
Range: Input A: 6 x 10 Hz to 200 MHz
-4
Input B: 3 x 10 Hz to 160 MHz
-4
LSD: (1 ns / Gate Time) x Freq
Resolution: ±(2 x LSD)±1.4 x (Trigger Error*/Gate Time)
x Freq
Accuracy: ± Resolution ± Timebase Error x Freq
1.5.3.2 Frequency C (Option 41)
Range: 40 MHz to 1.3 GHz
LSD: (1 ns/Gate Time) x Freq
Resolution: (1 ns/Gate Time) x Freq
Accuracy: ± Resolution ± Timebase Error x Freq
1.5.3.3 Period A
Range: 5 ns to 1.7 x 10 sec
3
LSD: (1 ns / Gate Time) x Period
Resolution: ±(2 x LSD) ± (1.4 x Trigger Error*/Gate
Time) x Period
Accuracy: ± Resolution ± Timebase Error x Period
* Refer to Notes and Definitions
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1-8
1.5.3.4 Time Interval
Separate Inputs: Input A start / Input B stop
Input B start / Input A stop
Common Inputs: Input A start / Input A stop
Range: -2 ns to 1 x 10 sec
5
Trigger Slopes: Start, positive or negative
Stop, positive or negative
LSD: 1 ns (100 ps with average mode)
Resolution: ±LSD ± 1 ns ± Start Trigger Error* ± Stop
Trigger Error*
Accuracy: ± Resolution ± (Timebase Error x Time
Interval) ±Trigger Level Setting Error* ± 2 ns
1.5.3.5 Totalize A By B
Range: 100 MHz; 1 to 10 - 1 events
12
Pulse Width: 5 ns min at trigger points
Maximum Rate: 10 events / sec
8
Start / Stop: Input B
LSD: ±1 count
Resolution: LSD
Accuracy: LSD
* Refer to Notes/Definitions Page Changed 3/10/99
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1-9
1.5.3.6 Frequency Ratio A / B
Range, Inputs A and B: DC to 100 MHz
LSD: (10 X Ratio) / (F x Gate Time)
A
Resolution: ± LSD ± Trigger Error* B / Gate Time
Accuracy: ± LSD ± Trigger Error* B / Gate Time
1.5.3.7 Frequency Ratio C / B (Only available with Option 41 fitted)
Input C: 40 MHz to 1.3 GHz
Input B: DC to 100 MHz
LSD: (640 x Ratio) / (F x Gate Time)
C
Resolution: ± LSD ± (Trigger Error* B) / Gate Time
Accuracy: ± LSD ± (Trigger Error* B) / Gate Time
1.5.3.8 Rise / Fall Time
Range: 20 ns to 20 ms
Rise Time: Start: + slope, 10 % trigger point
Stop : + slope, 90 % trigger point
Fall Time: Start: - slope, 90 % trigger point
Stop : - slope, 10 % trigger point
Input Channel: Input A
Minimum Pulse Height: 500 mV pp
Minimum Pulse Width: 20 ns at signal peaks
LSD displayed: 1 ns (100 ps using averaging mode)
Resolution: ±LSD ± 1 ns ± Start Trigger Error* ± Stop
Trigger Error*
* Refer to Notes/Definitions
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1-10
Accuracy: ±Resolution ± Trigger Level Timing Error* ±
Trigger Level Setting Error* at 10% Trigger
point± Trigger Level Setting Error* at 90%
Trigger Point ± 2 ns ± (Timebase Error x
Rise/Fall Time)
1.5.3.9 Pulse Width
Range: 5 ns to 20 ms
Positive Pulse Width: Start: + slope, 50% trigger point
Stop : - slope, 50% trigger point
Negative Pulse Width: Start: - slope, 50% trigger point
Stop : + slope, 50% trigger point
Input Channel: Input A
Minimum Pulse Height: 150 mV pp
LSD: 1 ns (100 ps using averaging mode)
Resolution: ±LSD ± 1 ns ± Start Trigger Error* ± Stop
Trigger Error*
Accuracy: ± Resolution ± Trigger Level Timing Error* ±
Trigger Level Setting Error* ± 2 ns ±
(Timebase Error x Pulse Width)
1.5.3.10 Phase A Rel B
Range: 0.1 to 3600
LSD: 0.1 to 1 MHz
0
1to 10 MHz
0
10 to 100 MHz
0
Resolution: ± LSD±(TI Resolution x 360E)/Period A
Accuracy ± LSD±(TI Resolution x 360E)/Period A
* Refer to Notes/Definitions
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1-11
1.5.3.11 Time Interval Delay
Time Interval: Programmable 200 Fs to 800 ms
Resolution: 25.6 Fs
Accuracy: ± 50 Fs ± 0.1% of reading
1.5.3.12 Peak Signal Measurement Indicates the maximum, or minimum
amplitude or DC value of the measurement
signal.
Frequency Range: DC, 50 Hz to 20 MHz (useable to 100 MHz)
Dynamic Range: 50 mV to 51 V pp
Resolution: X1:20 mV
Accuracy (Sinewave): ± 6% of pk-pk voltage ± 50 mV
Accuracy (DC): ± 1% of reading ± 40 mV
1.5.4 Averaging Mode May be applied to all functions except totalize.
Adds an extra digit of resolution
Sample Size: 100
1.5.5 Math May be applied to all counting/timing
measurement functions except Trigger Level
and Gate Time.
Result: [(Reading - X) Y] / Z
where X, Y and Z are constants entered by the
operator.
Constant Range: ± 1 x 10 to ± 1 x 10
-9 9
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