Radcal Dynalyzer IV User manual

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USER GUIDE
DYNALYZER
OPERATION MANUAL
Dynalyzer IV High Voltage Unit

Radcal Corporation
426 West Duarte Road
Monrovia, CA 91016-4591 USA
USA [phone]
Fax USA [phone]
email sales@radcal.,com
www.radcal.com
Radcal Part # MNL/ST-4672
4078320 Rev C
Printed: SEPT 2018

Dynalyzer – High Voltage Unit OPERATION MANUAL
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Contents
Preface..................................................................................................................................................................3
Safety Notice.....................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................................4
General..............................................................................................................................................................4
Basic Principle of Operation..............................................................................................................................4
Anode Current Sensor..................................................................................................................................4
High-Voltage Divider.....................................................................................................................................4
Filament Current ...........................................................................................................................................5
Equipment Supplied..........................................................................................................................................5
Specifications ....................................................................................................................................................5
Installation............................................................................................................................................................9
Inspection..........................................................................................................................................................9
Parts Necessary for Use ...................................................................................................................................9
Electrical Connections.......................................................................................................................................9
Precautions...................................................................................................................................................9
High Voltage Cable Connections................................................................................................................10
Operation............................................................................................................................................................15
Readout Oscilloscope .....................................................................................................................................15
Measurement procedure for kVp and Exposure Time Using Oscilloscope................................................15
Measurement Procedures for mA and mAs using Oscilloscope ................................................................16
Three-Phase Current Measurements (using Oscilloscope)........................................................................16
Fluoroscopic Current Measurements (using Oscilloscope)........................................................................17
Measurements with Accu-Dyn+ system (see appendix A)..............................................................................17
Measurements with Digital Display.................................................................................................................17
Current Measurements with Dynalyzer III Digital Display (mA and mAs)...................................................18
Exposure Duration (Time)...........................................................................................................................18
Dynalyzer Digital Display of kVp Measurements........................................................................................18
Filament Current Measurement with the Dynalyzer Digital Display............................................................18
Measurements with Suitable RMS Voltmeter..................................................................................................18
Removing High Voltage Unit from X-ray Installation.......................................................................................19
Interpreting Oscilloscope Measurement Waveforms ......................................................................................19
Single-Phase Current Waveform................................................................................................................19
Three-Phase Current Waveforms...............................................................................................................20
kVp Calibration for X-Ray Generator..........................................................................................................21
Equipment Fault Diagnosis by Voltage Waveform Analysis.......................................................................21
Evaluating Fluoroscopic Current Measurements........................................................................................22
Single-Phase Radiographic Current Measurements using Oscilloscope...................................................23
Filament Current Measurements using Oscilloscope.................................................................................25
Fuse Replacement..........................................................................................................................................27
Maintenance.......................................................................................................................................................27
System Pressure.............................................................................................................................................28
Failure Modes..................................................................................................................................................28
Appendix A.........................................................................................................................................................29
Accu-Dyn+ Display System.............................................................................................................................29
Overview:....................................................................................................................................................29
Installation:..................................................................................................................................................29
Running the Program..................................................................................................................................30
Data.............................................................................................................................................................31
Hotkeys.......................................................................................................................................................31
Common Error Messages:..........................................................................................................................31
Appendix B - Warranties and Disclosures......................................................................................................33

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Warranty for the Model M-97311 Dynalyzer High-Voltage Unit ......................................................................33
Non-Warranty Repairs.....................................................................................................................................33
WEEE and RoHS.............................................................................................................................................33

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Preface
IMPORTANT: ALWAYS PLUG DYNALYZER, SCOPE, AND
DISPLAY INTO SAME OUTLET.
Safety Notice
This unit is designed to operate at hazardous voltages found in x-ray generators. The operator is
cautioned to observe all safety practices normally associated with x-ray equipment. Among these
precautions are:
1. Never make or break connections in the high voltage circuit when the generator is
energized. In spite of all interlocks present, it is still possible for an accidental firing to
occur.
2. Never assume that a cable voltage is discharged. There is sufficient capacitance in the x-
ray cable to maintain a lethal charge. Touch the pins of any cable to ground to be sure that
there is no residual charge.
3. Inspect cables often. Do not use any cables with a broken braid at the connectors or in the
cable.
4. Always tighten the locking ring of the cable connector to ensure a good ground connection.
Do not overtighten the ring.
5. Use oil or vaporizing compound on all high-voltage connectors to prevent flashover.
6. Keep away from x-ray beam. This system is designed for remote reading so the equipment
should not be placed near the x-ray beam path.
7. Do not knowingly operate this unit in excess of 150 kVp, or in equipment with unstable x-
ray tubes. Severe damage to the equipment may result from an overvoltage condition.
8. Be sure of your grounds. When in doubt, ground tank to transformer.
9. Always monitor tank pressure. Do not use the system if the pressure reads less than 22
psig. Read the maintenance section for refilling or return to the factory.
CAUTION: IMPORTANT HANDLING NOTICE: This unit is a precision high-voltage measurement
instrument and must be handled with as much care as one would handle an
oscilloscope. While it is portable and is designed to sustain normal handling and
transportation shock and vibration, it must not be subjected to excessive shock or
vibration. The precision electronic assemblies contained inside the tank are subject to
damage from abnormal shock transmitted from the heavy flanges on the tank.
Improper handling can cause tank failure and loss of warranty protection.

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Introduction
General
The Dynalyzer IV High Voltage Unit is capable of providing isolated signals analogous to:
1. Anode, Cathode, and Anode + Cathode kilovoltages
2. Anode Current
3. Filament Current (AC)
These signals may be viewed on an oscilloscope, may be measured with Accu-Dyn+ system,
peak measuring voltmeter or may be processed and displayed with the Dynalyzer Digital Display
(obsolete).
This unit has been designed as a calibration instrument and as a diagnostic tool for servicing x-ray
equipment.
This unit is designed for continuous duty, and may be left in the high-voltage circuit indefinitely, if
desired. This feature is desirable in special applications where frequent calibration is required.
This unit is portable. It weighs 32 pounds and is designed to simplify servicing and repair.
Basic Principle of Operation
The Dynalyzer High Voltage Unit is built in two sections. All high-voltage components are located
in a tank pressurized with 30 psig of Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) gas. In the base of the unit are
power supplies and buffer amplifiers to adjust the levels of the isolated signals, provide buffering
against cable and instrument loading effects, and provide frequency compensation. In addition,
there is an oscillator which in conjunction with a high-frequency isolation transformer located in the
tank, provides power to operate the anode current sensing system.
Anode Current Sensor
The anode current sensor is an optically-coupled device that is capable of providing an isolated
signal that represents the anode current waveform. The sensor is capable of measuring current in
the range of 1 mA to 2 Amperes with a 2% absolute accuracy ± zero offset. The output conversion
factor is 1 mV/mA for radiographic and 20 mV/mA for fluoroscopic measurements. The insertion
impedance of the unit is 42 ohms ± 5%. The average power rating of this resistor network is 40
watts, and is the only duty cycle limitation on this unit. The duration should not exceed 1 second at
1000 mA.
High-Voltage Divider
The divider consists of two 1000 mega-Ohm sections that are connected between the anode and
ground, and cathode and ground. Each section contains five 200 megaohm resistors connected in
series. The geometry of the structure provides distributed capacitance that provides a frequency
response of 100 kHz.

Dynalyzer – High Voltage Unit OPERATION MANUAL
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Filament Current
Filament current is measured in the common lead of the cathode circuit using an insulated AC/DC
open loop hall effect current transducer. The output of the transducer is amplified to a signal level
of 0.1 Volt(pp)/Ampere(pp), with a -3-dB bandwidth of 20 kHz.
Equipment Supplied
As supplied, the High Voltage Unit is shipped with the following components:
•High Voltage Unit Assembly
•12 ft. Coaxial Cable, BNC Connectors each end (2 each)
•Vaporproofing Compound (2 [two] 1.5 oz. tubes)
•Line cord (6 ft.)
•Dummy plugs (2)
Additional equipment required for use includes:
•Dual-trace oscilloscope to display mA and kV waveforms
Optionally, a peak holding digital voltmeter (DVM), Dynalyzer III Digital Display or Accu-
Dyn+ system
•Two (2) 3-conductor, 5-foot long high-voltage x-ray cables, Federal Standard Connector
Specifications
Calibration Standard Factory calibrated, all output parameters traceable to National
Bureau of Standards
Electrical Rating (maximum
peak voltages) Anode to cathode: 150 kVp
Anode to ground: 85 kVp
Cathode to ground: 85 kVp
Current from x-ray to
Generator (max) Anode (peak): 1 A for 1 s
Anode (continuous): 700 mA
Filament: 10 amps (ac rms)
D.C. Voltage Division Ration 10,000: 1 ±1% (10kV to 75 kV plus & minus polarity)
Voltage Divider Load 1000 megohms to ground
2000 megohms anode-cathode
Duty Cycle Continuous
Frequency Response Voltage: 0-1 kHz ± 2.9%
1 kHz – 100 kHz ±12.2%
Anode current: 4 kHz @ -3-dB
Filament current: 20 Hz to 20 kHz, ±1db
Filament Current Sensor Output level: 0.1 volt per ampere (p-p)
Ratio: 0.1 volt/ampere (±5% + zero offset)
Noise level: 0.1 ampere, rms

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Anode Current Sensor Current rating: 1 A
Insertion impedance: 42 ohms ± 5%
Power rating: 21 watts
Ratio: 1 millivolt/milliampere, (Rad Range)
20 millivolts/milliampere (Fluoro Range)
Accuracy: 1 mA to 1 A, ± 2% (± zero offset)
Noise level: 0.1 mV (p-p) (Max)
Gas Volume 0.5 cubic foot
Pressure Gauge 0-30 psig scale
Insulation Sulfur Hexafluoride gas (SF6) @ 25-30 psig
Gas Relief Valve 32 psig
Gas Filling Valve Schrader type, spring loaded
Test Level Connectors Scope inputs: 5-BNC type, insulated
Accu-Dyn+ computer interface: USB-2.0 mini-B
Digital display: 1-Bendix PT02A-16-8P
High Voltage Receptacles
3-conductor cables Receptacles conform to NEMA XR-7-1979
Coaxial Cable Two 12-foot long cables RG-58/U with BNC connectors
Temperature Operating: +15° to +30°C
Storage: - 10° to + 50°C
Dimensions See Outline Data
Weight 32 lbs (14 kg)
Power Requirements 85-264 V, rms
47-440 Hz
Fuse 250mA SLO-BLO
With Accu-Dyn+ Display System
kV Accuracy ± 1% 10-150 kV, DC to 4.5 kHz
Anode Current ± 0.2% 0.1 mA-1 A, DC to 2.3 kHz
Exposure Time ± 0.5 msec
*Anode+Cathode
Waveforms and calculated kV values reflect a bandwidth of 4.5 kHz

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Figure 1: Cabling Data

Dynalyzer – High Voltage Unit OPERATION MANUAL
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Figure 2: Outline Data (dimensions in inches)
24.75
22.87
5.19 5.19
8.13
12.90
3.21
3.21
1.26
.63
9.00
13°
26°
.37