Rajant Breadcrumb es1 User manual

BreadCrumb® ES1 Version 11 User Guide

Model: BreadCrumb ES1

User Guide Version: 11.21 Rev A

Firmware Version: 11.21.0

Document Part Number: 03-100158-001

Corporate Headquarters:

Rajant Corporation

200 Chesterfield Pkwy

Malvern, PA 19355

Tel: (484) 595-0233

Fax: (484) 595-0244

http://www.rajant.com

Table of Contents

Document Revision History

Copyright Statement

FCC, CE and Other Certification Statements

Antennas

Safety

Modifications

Professional Installation Attestation

Maximum Certified Power

GNU General Public License Statement

Preface

1. Introduction to BreadCrumbs

1.1 What is a BreadCrumb?

1.2 The Mesh Network

2. Description of a BreadCrumb ES1

2.1 Radios

2.2 Enclosure

2.3 Antenna Connectors

2.4 Power and Ethernet

2.5 M8 Connector

2.6 Status LED

2.7 LED Configuration / Zeroize Keys and Restore Factory Defaults (Reset) Switch

3. Using BC|Commander

4. Deploying a BreadCrumb Mesh Network

4.1 Addressing

4.2 Channel Assignments

4.3 Physical Placement and other Considerations

4.4 Deployment Guidelines and Methodology

5. Firmware Upgrade and Zeroize

5.1 Firmware Upgrade

5.2 Zeroize

6. Troubleshooting

6.1 Sporadic Network Connectivity

6.2 BreadCrumb Device Cannot Connect to Mesh

6.3 BreadCrumb Power and Start-Up Issues

7. Appendices

Appendix A: Radio Channels and Frequencies

A.1 Radio: 2.4 GHz 802.11n

A.2 Radio: 5 GHz 802.11n

A.3 DFS and TPC

Appendix B: Error and Warning Codes

Appendix C: Ports and Protocols

Appendix D: Installation Guidelines

D.1 Professional Installation Is Required

D.2 Safety

D.3 Modifications

D.4 Attaching Antenna Cables and Antennas

D.5 Grounding and Surge Protection

D.6 Waterproofing

D.7 Connecting Power

D.8 Configuration

D.9 Placement

Appendix E: Sealed RJ45 Assembly

E.1 Parts of the Male Sealed RJ45 Ethernet Connector

E.2 Choose the Correct Soft Plug

E.3 Pre-thread Before Termination

E.4 Terminate Cable with the Metal-Shielded RJ45 Plug

E.5 Test the Ethernet Cable

E.6 Preparation After Termination

E.7 Mate Inner and Outer Shells

E.8 Connect RJ45 to Female WAPV RJ45

E.9 Mate and Then Cap the WAPV

Appendix F: Mounting Instructions

F.1 Pole Mounting Bracket

F.2 DIN Rail Mounting Bracket

Appendix G: Technical Bulletins

G.1 Rajant Best Practices: Grounding and Surge Protection

G.2 Waterproofing Rajant BreadCrumb RF Connections

G.3 Waterproofing BreadCrumb Cable Connections

G.4 BreadCrumb Models Support Only Passive PoE

G.5 Never Apply Power to the Data Input Port of a Rajant Mid-Span Power over Ethernet (POE)

Power Supply

G.6 Installation Constraints for Rajant AC Powered Accessory POE Power Supplies

Appendix H: Rajant End User License Agreement

Appendix I: GNU General Public License

Document Revision History

Revision Date Changes

11.21 Rev A 04/17/2019 Initial Document

Copyright Statement

Rajant, the Rajant logo, BreadCrumb, InstaMesh, BC|Commander, and Bring Your Network with You! are

registered trademarks of Rajant Corp. in the United States and certain other countries.

Rajant’s patented InstaMesh® networking software enables the network to quickly adapt to rapidly-

deployed and moving network elements. U.S. Patents 9,001,645, US 9,001,645 B2, US 9,319,922 B2 and

US 9,979,635 B2.

BreadCrumb® ES1 Version 11 User Guide

FCC, CE and Other Certification Statements

FCC ID ( VJA-ES12450R):

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant

to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful

interference when the device is operated in a commercial environment. This device generates, uses, and

can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with this instruction

manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this device in a residen-

tial area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the inter-

ference at their own expense.

Industry Canada (IC: 7382A-ES12450R):

This device complies with ISED licence-exempt RSS standard(s).

Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

1) This device may not cause interference

2) This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation

of the device.

This product meets the applicable Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada technical

specifications. CAN ICES-3 (A)/NMB-3(A)

This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSSs. Operation is subject to the following

two conditions:

1) This device may not cause interference, and

2) This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation

of the device.

Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts

de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes:

1) l’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage;

2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, meme si le brouillage est

susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement.

Radiation Exposure Statement:

This equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.

This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator &

your body.

Déclaration d’exposition aux radiations:

Cet équipement est conforme aux limites d’exposition aux rayonnements IC établies pour un envi-

ronnement non contrôlé. Cet équipement doit être installé et utilisé avec un minimum de 20 cm de dis-

tance entre la source de rayonnement et votre corps.

CE:

CE Declaration of Conformity may be requested from Rajant.

NOTE

Please refer to the product spec sheet at

Please refer to the product spec sheet at http://www.rajant.com

http://www.rajant.com for a list of certified model numbers.

for a list of certified model numbers.

Antennas

Antenna Installation WARNING

The installer should configure the conducted output power level according to country regulations and

the applicable EIRP limit. Professional installation of equipment is required to ensure compliance with

health and safety issues.

Required Antenna Separation

The antennas from any transceiver of the BreadCrumb ES1 may not be co-located with the antennas of

any other transceiver. The co-location restriction is satisfied by maintaining 20 cm separation between

the antennas of different tranceivers. There is no restriction for the separation between the antennas

from the same transceiver, but testing at installation is recommended to verify the system performance

that is achieved with a specific antenna deployment.

Warning

Because the BreadCrumb ES1 case is plastic, antennas should not be direct attached and should be at-

tached only using antenna cables. This is to avoid stressing the plastic and compromising the IP67 in-

gress rating. Low loss cable such as LMR-400 is recommended for externally attached antennas.

Warning

For all BreadCrumb models, for installations that will experience vibration or shock, all antennas

should be externally mounted and attached using cables. Low loss RF cable such as LMR-400 is recom-

mended for cable attached antennas.

Warning

If a radio port is not required for a given application, the port should be disabled in software using

BC|Commander, and a 50 Ohm terminator should be installed.

Figure: Incorrect Antenna Placement

IMPORTANT: Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation

To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements a minimum safe distance of 20 cm must be maintained be-

tween this device including antennas and all persons while the device is operating.

DFS Additional Antenna Separation

For 5 GHz transceivers using channels that require DFS radar detection, it is recommended to mount

each antenna for a DFS channel at least 2 feet from any other 5 GHz transceiver’s antenna.

Safety

Warning

The BreadCrumb ES1 is not user serviceable. Repairs must be performed at a Rajant designated service

center by trained personnel.

Warning

To protect the user against the risk of electric shock during high voltage transient events which may oc-

cur when this equipment is installed outdoors, protective earth grounding of the POE power supply is

required. Case ground connections are provided on all Rajant supplied POE power supplies. The case

ground connections must be used and must be connected to a protective earth ground. Protective

earth grounding operations must be performed by trained personnel, and according to local electrical

codes and industry best practices, as well as Rajant’s own recommendations.

Modifications

CAUTION

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Rajant Corp. could void the user’s authority to op-

erate the equipment.

Rajant Products are compliant and warranted against manufacturing defects only so long as Rajant-au-

thorized accessories are used in deployment of Rajant Breadcrumbs. It is the responsibility of the opera-

tor and the installer to ensure the system as installed operates within regional requirements.

Professional Installation Attestation

Rajant Corporation addresses the following items to ensure that the above referenced equipment is pro-

fessionally installed:

The device will only be sold by Rajant Corporation or one of its authorized dealers. Rajant Corporation

and its authorized dealers will be under strict marketing control and will only market and sell the device

to professionals.

Professional installation is required for this device and will be performed only by someone knowledgea-

ble of its use. Rajant Corporation will ensure that the device is only marketed and sold to professionals.

The device is not sold to the general public and is sold only for industrial or commercial use by profes-

sional installers.

CAUTION

To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be chosen

so that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that permitted for successful

communication.

Maximum Certified Power

ISM band radio modules may be operated at full certified power when configured with the granted an-

tenna type. Operation of a radio at power levels that exceed the equivalent EIRP of the granted configu-

ration is prohibited. See the tables below.

Table: Maximum Certified Power: FCC (United States), IC (Canada)

IMPORTANT

In Canada, a license is required to use channels in the frequency range 5150-5250 MHz (on models that

offer these channels). The license may restrict transmit power. Licensing information may be found at

http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/smt-gst.nsf/eng/sf11294.html

BreadCrumb

Model

Frequency

Range

(MHz)

Maximum Certi-

fied Total Con-

ducted Channel

Power (dBm)

Antenna

Type

Antenna

Gain

(dBi)

Maximum

Certified

EIRP (dBm)

ES1-2450R 2412-2462 26 (Average) Omni-di-

rectional 5 31

ES1-2450R 5180-5240 23 (Average) Omni-di-

rectional 7 30

ES1-2450R 5745-5825 25 (Average) Omni-di-

rectional 6 31

Table: Maximum Certified Power: CE (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Den-

mark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein,

Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,

Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom)

IMPORTANT: Regarding indoor-only frequencies

In regions where radio frequencies are regulated by ETSI (CE), the frequency range 5170-5350 MHz is re-

stricted to indoor use only. Check local regulations before using these channels.

IMPORTANT

In many regions where radio frequencies are regulated by ETSI (CE), a license is required to use chan-

nels in the frequency range 5735-5835 MHz (on models that offer these channels). Check local regula-

tions before using these channels.

BreadCrumb

Model

Frequency

Range

(MHz)

Maximum Certi-

fied Total Con-

ducted Channel

Power (dBm)

Antenna

Type

Antenna

Gain

(dBi)

Maximum

Certified

EIRP (dBm)

ES1-2450R 2412-2472 15 (Peak burst) Omni-di-

rectional 5 20

ES1-2450R 5500-5700 24 (Average) Omni-di-

rectional 6 30

ES1-2450R 5725-5875 26 (Average) Omni-di-

rectional 6 32

• Electrostatic discharge (ESD) immunity testing compliant to EN 61000-4-2

• Electrical fast transient (EFT) / burst immunity testing compliant to EN 61000-4-4

• Surge immunity testing compliant to EN 61000-4-5

GNU General Public License Statement

Certain components of the Rajant BreadCrumb firmware are subject to the GNU General Public License

Version 2, or other so-called open source licenses (“Open Source Software”). In compliance with the

terms of certain Open Source Software licenses like the GNU General Public License Version 2 (“GPLv2”),

Rajant makes certain modifications to Open Source Software that Rajant uses, modifies and distributes

pursuant to such licenses available to customers in source code form upon request. You are free to use,

modify and distribute Open Source Software so long as you comply with the terms of the relevant Open

Source Software license. In particular, the GPLv2 is available in the appendix of this manual or at

http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html.

Preface

Purpose and Scope

This manual provides information and guidance to all personnel who are involved with and use Rajant

Corporation’s BreadCrumb ES1.

This manual begins with an introduction to the BreadCrumb Kinetic Mesh Network. It then characterizes

the features of the BreadCrumb ES1. Finally, it describes common deployment scenarios and provides

concise step-by-step instructions for each scenario.

Note

Throughout this document, unless otherwise stated, the terms ES1 and BreadCrumb are used to refer

to Rajant BreadCrumb ES1.

How to Use This Guide

This User Guide is an HTML document and is read using a web browser. The browser’s right scroll bar,

mouse scroll wheel, up/down cursor keys or Page Up/Page Down keys may be used to navigate sequen-

tially forward or backward through the guide. In most browsers, CTRL-F can be used to search the guide

and navigate to matching text. The Table of Contents at the left (or top for small windows) contains links

to the starts of chapters and appendices. After a web link or cross-reference is clicked in the guide, the

browser’s back arrow should return to the previous page location.

Feedback Welcome

The user of this manual is encouraged to submit comments and recommended changes to improve this

manual and all Rajant products. Please send your feedback to [email protected]. Please be sure

to include the version and revision number of the manual or product you are using as well as the relevant

document section numbers if appropriate.

Related Documentation

For additional information, refer to these documents:

• BC|Commander® Version 11 User Guide: This document contains information on the BC|Commander

management application, which is used to configure BreadCrumbs before or during a deployment.

• BreadCrumb® Video Guide

• Range Troubleshooting Guide

• BreadCrumb RF Guide

• BreadCrumb® Security Technical Brief

These documents are available in the support section of Rajant’s website at http://www.rajant.com.

Note About Shared Guide Content

Rajant BreadCrumb models have some differences in hardware and software features. Rajant hardware

and software product guides include some general content that is shared between guides and may in-

clude features or settings not found in every model. The following table summarizes the main differences

between several standard BreadCrumb models.

Table: BreadCrumb Model Matrix

Features LX5 ME4/KM3 ES1 JR2 JR3 SlipStream

Wireless Trans-

ceivers 3-4 2 2 1 1 0

Ethernet 2x 1000 1x 1000, 1x

100

1x

1000

1x

100 1x 100 2x 1000

Features LX5 ME4/KM3 ES1 JR2 JR3 SlipStream

Input Voltage 18-48 VDC 8-48 VDC

(ME4)/20-48

VDC (KM3)

9-30

VDC

8-30

VDC

9-30 VDC 12 VDC

Min. Recom-

mended PoE

24-48 VDC,

26-33 W @

24 V (3-4 ra-

dios, un-

heated)

24-48 VDC, 23

W @ 24 V

24

VDC,

19 W

24

VDC,

19 W

24 VDC,

19 W

(AC adapt-

er)

USB 2 1 1 0 0 4

Serial yes yes(ME4)/no

(KM3) no no no yes

Realtime Clock yes yes no no no yes

Case metal metal plastic metal plastic metal

Environment IP67 IP67(ME4)/In-

door(KM3) IP67 IP67 Weather

Resistant Indoor

Encryption HW,SW HW,SW SW SW SW SW (fast)

TRoIP yes yes yes no no yes

Modbus yes yes yes no no yes

SNMP yes yes yes yes no yes

Packet Capture yes yes yes yes no yes

Gateway Mode yes yes yes yes no yes

Performance

Test yes yes yes no no yes

Max Peers per

Transceiver 250+ 250+ 250+ 150 50 0

Notes:

• Ethernet ports also adapt to standard slower speeds.

• Unless stated otherwise, all PoE wattages are @ 24 V.

• Add 2 W per heated radio and 2.5 W per powered USB peripheral.

• JR2 included TRoIP settings but no USB port for using TRoIP.

• Performance Test is a version 11.19+ feature

• KM3 is an indoor version of ME4.

• KM3 does not have a serial port.

1. Introduction to BreadCrumbs

Rajant Corporation’s ( http://www.rajant.com) BreadCrumbs utilize the 802.11 wireless networking

standards to form a wireless mesh network. The network is mobile, self-integrating, self-meshing, self-

healing, and secure. The focus is on flexibility, adaptability, and simplicity.

The BreadCrumb Kinetic Mesh Network is intended for rapid deployment of a broadband wireless net-

work into a situation or “hot zone.” The network can be deployed as a stand-alone wireless network, or

bridged to another network (such as the Internet) utilizing available reach-back communication links

(such as a DSL, cable, or satellite modem).

BreadCrumbs provide high bandwidth for applications to stream video, audio and data over large dis-

tances. The network traffic can be secured by using different security features available on the Bread-

Crumb. This makes the network optimal for tactical deployments as well as emergency response situa-

tions since it offers robustness, stability and ease of setup in mission critical activities.

1.1 What is a BreadCrumb?

A BreadCrumb is an IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) and Ethernet compatible networking device with the ability to

connect to other BreadCrumbs or networking devices to form a BreadCrumb network. The BreadCrumb

is specifically designed for the following scenarios:

•Temporary Wireless Networks: Networks that must be established quickly and with minimal effort

for short-term use (e.g., a network established to provide a temporary network in a tactical situa-

tion).

•Mobile Wireless Networks: Networks in which the network infrastructure itself is mobile, in addi-

tion to client devices (e.g., a convoy viewing a video stream from a UAV).

•Wireless Network Extension: Networks in which a wireless network must be quickly extended

around or through obstacles that block wireless communications (e.g., urban canyon networks, tun-

nels/caves, etc.)

•Wired Network Extension: Networks in which two or more wired LANs at different locations must

be connected wirelessly (e.g., to securely connect combat service support computers with logistics

bases)

•Any Combination of the Above: Most BreadCrumb deployments include elements from more than

one of the above scenarios.

In many cases, BreadCrumbs will perform all of these tasks as shipped with no configuration necessary at

all, providing an instant TAN (Tactical Area Network). Moreover, because BreadCrumbs use industry-

standard 802.11 communications, client devices such as laptops, or cell phones require no special hard-

ware, software, and little or no configuration to access a BreadCrumb network.

Note

Although all BreadCrumbs can be access points, most access points do not provide mesh capability.

Traditional access points simply allow wireless devices within range to connect to a wired network;

they do not extend range through other access points.

1.2 The Mesh Network

The key component of a BreadCrumb Mesh network is the ability for BreadCrumbs to connect, or mesh

with each other. While this is generally handled automatically by BreadCrumbs, complex deployment

scenarios require a basic understanding of how BreadCrumbs establish and maintain a mesh.

1.2.1 Mesh – A Definition

A mesh is a collection of BreadCrumbs (or other network devices), each of which is linked to one or more

other BreadCrumbs. Data can move between BreadCrumbs via these links, possibly passing through sev-

eral intermediate BreadCrumbs before arriving at its final destination.

The intelligence of a BreadCrumb network is in how it adapts rapidly to the creation or destruction of the

links in the mesh as devices are moved, switched OFF or ON, blocked by obstructions, interfered with by

other devices, or otherwise affected. This adaptation takes place automatically and immediately as

needed.

1.2.2 BreadCrumb Mesh Connections

In order for two BreadCrumbs to establish a mesh link to each other, they must be set to the same radio

channel and have the same Network ID. The Network ID is computed from:

• Network Name (simply a configurable name for the network, default is “Rajant Mesh Network”)

• Network Key (a passphrase or key used for establishing mesh connections and obfuscating unen-

crypted network management traffic)

• Packet cipher setting

• MAC cipher setting

• Per-hop verification setting

• Key Sequence Number (defaults to 0)

To modify these settings via BC|Commander, the administrator must be logged in using the Crypto Of-

ficer credentials.

1.2.3 Compatibility with v10

It is possible to have a mesh with both v10 and v11 BreadCrumbs. This is useful while upgrading a net-

work from v10 to v11. The following settings must be configured on the v11 BreadCrumbs in order to es-

tablish mesh links with v10 BreadCrumbs:

• Access Point: Enable Access Point must be checked, and Access Point: ESSID must match the prima-

ry ESSID of the v10 BreadCrumb on at least one radio of the same frequency. Version 10 firmware

uses the BreadCrumb’s primary ESSID instead of the Network Name.

• Security: Version 10 Network Authentication Key and Security: Version 10 Network Encryption Key

must match the NAK and NEK of the v10 BreadCrumb. Both v10 and v11 have the same default val-

ues.

• InstaMesh: Enable v10 Compatibility must be checked.

Note

Because the crypto settings between v10 and v11 are different, the v10 Compatibility mode will only

work if ALL crypto settings are disabled on both the v10 and v11 BreadCrumbs.

2. Description of a BreadCrumb ES1

BreadCrumb ES1 is a portable, wireless device for use in indoor, protected and outdoor locations. It is

light in weight, supports up to 4 external antennas and is designed to be completely mobile. The Bread-

Crumb ES1 must be powered by an external passive PoE (Power Over Ethernet) source.

2.1 Radios

The BreadCrumb ES1 contains two radios. There are different models of ES1, each with a different combi-

nation of radios. See Appendix Radio Channels and Frequencies for a list of the channels and frequencies

supported by each of the radios.

2.2 Enclosure

The ES1 enclosure has been designed for IP67 ingress protection against ingress of dust and water when

installed with the approved mating connectors.

For information on the approved BreadCrumb ES1 sealed male Ethernet connector and cables, see

Ethernet Connector.

For information on the approved BreadCrumb ES1 sealed protective cap and male M8 cables, see M8

Connector.

The ES1 enclosure is made of plastic (ASA UL94-HB).

Notice

Must be installed with the approved mating connectors. Ingress protection rating may be adversely af-

fected due to exposure to direct sunlight for extended periods. Excessive shock and vibration, tempera-

ture extremes or fluctuations may void the manufacturer’s warranty.

2.2.1 Enclosure Dimensions

The dimensions of the ES1 are 155 mm x 149 mm x 41 mm (6.079 inches x 5.830 inches x 1.575 inches) in-

cluding all built-in features of the enclosure. This measurement does not include any antennas, cables or

mating sealed Ethernet connector. The weight of the ES1 is 437 g +/- 10 g (15.4 oz +/- 0.4 oz) (weight de-

pends on transceiver configuration).

Figure: BreadCrumb ES1 Measurements in Inches (1 in = 2.54 cm)

Note: The BreadCrumb ES1 is shown with a mating sealed Ethernet connector attached.

2.2.2 Enclosure Front

The external features of the ES1 enclosure are shown in the following images.

The following figure shows a four-antenna ES1 model. A model that needs only three antennas will have

three antenna connectors instead of four.

Figure: BreadCrumb ES1 Enclosure Front

(1) Up to four type N female antenna connectors

(2) Two flip-open accesses to mounting holes

(3) Protective vent

(4) ETH0 RJ45 female, receives power via Ethernet Passive PoE

(5) 5-pin female M8 connector for USB (and optionally reset) adapter cables

(6) Status LED

2.2.3 Enclosure Bottom

The bottom of the BreadCrumb ES1 enclosure contains most of the features.

Figure: BreadCrumb ES1 Enclosure Features (Bottom)

(1) Two (of up to four) type N female antenna connectors

(2) Protective vent

(3) Built-in half of sealed Ethernet connector

(4) ETH0 RJ45 female, receives power via Ethernet Passive PoE

(5) 5-pin female M8 connector for USB (and optionally reset) adapter cables

(6) Status LED

2.3 Antenna Connectors

The BreadCrumb ES1 provides up to four Type N female antenna connectors. Two antenna connectors

are located on the top of the enclosure and two on the bottom of the enclosure (see the Enclosure Fea-

tures (Front) figure above). Many BreadCrumb radios offer antenna diversity or Multiple-Input and Multi-

ple-Output (MIMO) features, in which case two antenna ports per radio are utilized. Some radios only uti-

lize one antenna port. Each antenna connector will be labeled with a unique letter (A, B, C or D) and the

frequency of its corresponding radio.

Required Antenna Separation

The antennas from any transceiver of the BreadCrumb ES1 may not be co-located with the antennas of

any other transceiver. The co-location restriction is satisfied by maintaining 20 cm separation between

the antennas of different tranceivers. There is no restriction for the separation between the antennas

from the same transceiver, but testing at installation is recommended to verify the system performance

that is achieved with a specific antenna deployment.

Warning

Because the BreadCrumb ES1 case is plastic, antennas should not be direct attached and should be at-

tached only using antenna cables. This is to avoid stressing the plastic and compromising the IP67 in-

gress rating. Low loss cable such as LMR-400 is recommended for externally attached antennas.

Warning

For all BreadCrumb models, for installations that will experience vibration or shock, all antennas

should be externally mounted and attached using cables. Low loss RF cable such as LMR-400 is recom-

mended for cable attached antennas.

Warning

If a radio port is not required for a given application, the port should be disabled in software using

BC|Commander, and a 50 Ohm terminator should be installed.

DFS Additional Antenna Separation

For 5 GHz transceivers using channels that require DFS radar detection, it is recommended to mount

each antenna for a DFS channel at least 2 feet from any other 5 GHz transceiver’s antenna.

Figure: Incorrect Antenna Placement

Most of Rajant’s standard antennas are characterized by high-gain and therefore small vertical beam-

width. Antennas in fixed locations should be installed plumb and at the same elevation so that Bread-

Crumbs using these antennas will see each other without a significant loss of signal strength.

Warning

To avoid possible damage to the BreadCrumb radio(s), always connect or disconnect external antennas

with the power to the BreadCrumb turned off.

The following table lists the radio band and antenna port(s) for each wlan of current and recent Bread-

Crumb ES1 models. This information is also available in the Details panel of BC|Commander.

Table: BreadCrumb ES1 Radios and Antenna Ports

Model Number wlan0 wlan1

ES1-2450R 2.4 GHz: A+B 5 GHz: C+D

2.4 Power and Ethernet

The BreadCrumb ES1 has one RJ45 Ethernet port. The Ethernet port (ETH0) on the BreadCrumb ES1 sup-

ports 10 Base-T, 100 Base-TX or 1000 Base-T configuration. The port supports Auto MDI/MDIX allowing

the use of either straight-through or crossover data cables for connections. The data interface includes

electrostatic discharge, and electrical fast transient/burst immunity compliant to the IEC 61000-4-2, and

IEC 61000-4-4-EFT standards, respectively.

For more information on the BreadCrumb ES1 sealed Ethernet connector, see Ethernet Connector.

2.4.1 Power Requirements

The BreadCrumb ES1 ETH0 port supports Passive Power over Ethernet (Passive PoE), and therefore acts

as a dual function Ethernet and DC power input port for the BreadCrumb ES1. An external inline passive

PoE injector is used to merge DC power for the BreadCrumb ES1 with data from a LAN port or a wired cli-

ent.

The average idle power consumption of a BreadCrumb ES1 is 2.8 W at 24 V. The maximum peak power

consumption of BreadCrumb ES1 is 15 W at 24 V. Up to 2.5 W of additional power will be needed if a pe-

ripheral is being powered by USB (500 mA at 5 V is available at the USB port).

To ensure proper operation of the BreadCrumb ES1, the inline injector must output a DC voltage be-

tween 9 VDC to 30 VDC. Rajant recommends a minimum power supply of 19 W @ 24 VDC. Using a higher

output voltage facilitates longer cable runs between the inline injector and the ETH0 port on the Bread-

Crumb ES1. For details on Rajant’s VHDC-Series power accessories, please refer to the VHDC-Series spec

sheet.

Table: BreadCrumb ES1 Power Requirements (Passive PoE)

Input Voltage Avg Idle Usage @ 24 V Max Peak Usage @ 24 V

9 - 30 VDC 2.8 W + USB usage 15 W + USB usage

Table: BreadCrumb ES1 Power Supply Options

Model

Rajant

Part

Number Type

Output

Voltage

(V)

Max. Out-

put Cur-

rent (A)

Ethernet Link

Speed (Mbps) Environmental

TP-

POE-

24G

25-

100168-

001

AC to

DC 24 0.8 10/100/1000 Non-sealed

TP-

POE-

HP-24G

25-

100168-

002

AC to

DC 24 1.5 10/100/1000 Non-sealed

VHDC-

24V-

50W

01-

000029-

01

DC to

DC 24 2.08 10/100 Sealed (IP67: dust-

tight, waterproof)

VHDC-

24V-

50W-

GbE

01-

000037-

002

DC to

DC 24 2.08 10/100/1000

Sealed (IP66: dust-

tight, water-re-

sistant)

VHDC-

24V-

50W-LC

01-

000033-

01

DC to

DC 24 2.08 10/100 Non-sealed

Warning

The BreadCrumb ES1 cannot be powered with a 48 V PoE power supply. Using a PoE of higher voltage

than the stated ES1 voltage range may damage the ES1 and void the warranty.

Additional information about Rajant power supply accessories can be found in the Power Accessories

product spec sheet at www.rajant.com.

2.4.2 PoE Power Supply Usage

The laptop in these diagrams could instead be a non-PoE switch port connecting the BreadCrumb to a

LAN.

Figure: BreadCrumb ES1 Ethernet and Passive PoE AC Connections

Figure: BreadCrumb ES1 Ethernet and Passive PoE DC Connections

Proper Use of PoE Power Supply

1. Disconnect power from PoE power supply

2. Connect PoE Out to BreadCrumb using shielded Ethernet cable

3. (Optional) Connect PoE In (aka Data) to a computer or a non-powered LAN Ethernet port

4. Reconnect power to PoE power supply

Warnings: Regarding PoE Power Supply Connections

Unlike active PoE methods such as IEEE 802.3af/at, passive PoE does not include any kind of handshak-

ing or voltage checking.

- Only connect the passive PoE power supply Output to the BreadCrumb. The output power over Ether-

net can damage other devices and may damage the PoE power supply.

- Never connect the passive PoE power supply Output to an Ethernet port that supplies PoE power. This

can damage equipment and may cause a fire. The Output should only be connected to the Bread-

Crumb.

- Never connect the passive PoE power supply Input to an Ethernet port that supplies PoE power. Ap-

plying power to the PoE Input can damage the PoE power supply. For more information see the

plying power to the PoE Input can damage the PoE power supply. For more information see the Tech-

Tech-

nical Bulletins

nical Bulletins Appendix document:

Appendix document: Never Apply Power to the Data Input Port of a Rajant Mid-Span

Never Apply Power to the Data Input Port of a Rajant Mid-Span

Power over Ethernet (POE) Power Supply

Power over Ethernet (POE) Power Supply.

.

- If you choose to connect a Rajant passive PoE-supporting BreadCrumb to an active PoE switch, you

must first turn off the PoE capability of that switch port. For more information see the

must first turn off the PoE capability of that switch port. For more information see the Technical Bulle-

Technical Bulle-

tins

tins Appendix document:

Appendix document: BreadCrumb Models Support Only Passive PoE

BreadCrumb Models Support Only Passive PoE.

.

- Unsealed PoE power supplies are for indoor use only.

Rajant BreadCrumb ES1 User manual

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