Richter SCK Series User manual

INSTALLATION AND OPERATING MANUAL
Translation of the original manual
Keep for future use!
This operating manual must be strictly observed before
transport, installation, operation and maintenance
Subject to change without notice.
Reproduction is generally permitted with indication of the source.
© Richter Chemie-Technik GmbH.
9220-003-en Revision 14 Ausgabe 01/2021
Series SCK
Chemical Drive Pump
for Mechanical seals
Bearing lubrication: Grease or oil bath
Bearing pedestal group: 0

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 2
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List of Contents
List of Contents ........................................2
Relevant documents.................................3
1Technical data......................................3
1.1 Tightening torques.......................................4
1.2 Type plate, ATEX and housing markings....4
1.3 Spare parts..................................................4
2Notes on safety....................................5
2.1 Intended use................................................5
2.2 For the customer / operator.........................6
2.3For maintenance .........................................6
2.4 Conversion work and production of spare
parts by the customer..................................6
2.5 Improper operation......................................6
2.6 Special requirements for explosion protection
6
2.6.1 Filling the unit..................................................6
2.6.2 Special operating conditions............................6
2.6.3 Chargeable liquids...........................................7
2.6.4 Identification....................................................7
2.6.5 Check of the direction of rotation .....................7
2.6.6 Mode of operation of the pump........................7
2.6.7 Temperature limits...........................................7
2.6.8 Maintenance....................................................8
2.6.9 Electric peripheral equipment ..........................8
3Transport, storage and disposal........9
3.1 Return consignments ..................................9
3.2 Disposal.......................................................9
4Product description...........................10
4.1 Housing .....................................................10
4.2 Lantern with back plate .............................10
4.3 Impeller......................................................10
4.4 Shaft sleeve...............................................10
4.5 Bearing pedestal .......................................10
4.6 Mechanical seals.......................................10
5Installation..........................................11
5.1 Safety regulations......................................11
5.2 Installation of pump/unit ............................11
5.3 Alignment of pump-coupling-motor ...........11
5.4 Piping.........................................................11
5.4.1 Nominal size..................................................11
5.4.2 Nozzle loads..................................................12
5.4.3 Suction line....................................................12
5.4.4 Supply lines...................................................12
5.4.5 Discharge line................................................12
5.4.6 Venting and evacuating.................................12
5.5 Pipe fittings................................................12
5.6 Monitoring facilities....................................13
5.7 Drive..........................................................13
5.8 Coupling ....................................................13
5.9 Final check.................................................13
5.10 Coupling guard ..........................................13
5.11 Electric connection.....................................13
6Commissioning/Shutdown ............... 14
6.1 Initial commissioning..................................14
6.1.1 Mechanical seals...........................................14
6.1.2 Filling the pump housing................................14
6.1.3 Start-up.........................................................14
6.2 Operating limits..........................................14
6.2.1 Abrasive media .............................................14
6.2.2 Min./max. flow rate........................................14
6.3 Shutdown...................................................15
6.4 Restarting ..................................................15
6.5 Improper operations and their consequences
(examples).................................................15
7Maintenance....................................... 16
7.1 Screw connections of the housing.............16
7.2 Bearing pedestal........................................16
7.2.1 Long life grease lubrication............................16
7.2.2 Oil bath lubrication.........................................16
7.3 Mechanical seals.......................................16
7.4 Cleaning.....................................................16
7.5 Stand-by pumps.........................................16
7.6 Notes on dismantling.................................17
7.6.1 Protective clothing.........................................17
7.7 Dismantling................................................17
7.7.1 Dismantling slide-in unit.................................17
7.7.2 Dismantling the mechanical seal ...................17
7.7.3 Dismantling the shaft sleeve..........................17
7.7.4 Dismantling the lantern with back plate..........17
7.7.5 Dismantling the bearing pedestal...................17
7.8 Changing the radial ball bearings..............18
7.8.1 Long life grease lubrication............................18
7.8.2 Oil bath lubrication.........................................18
7.9 Notes on assembly ....................................18
7.10 Assembly ...................................................19
7.10.1 Pour in oil into the bearing pedestal!.............19
7.11 Tests..........................................................19
8Malfunctions ...................................... 20
9Sectional drawing.............................. 21
9.1 Legend.......................................................21
9.2 Sectional drawing long life grease lubrication
22
9.3 Sectional drawing SCK oil bath lubrication23
10 Assembly aids ................................... 24
10.1 Impeller wrench for open impeller SCK.....24
10.2 Clamping device for SCK single mechanical
seals...........................................................24
10.3 Boring template for housing drain..............24

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Relevant documents
Data sheet
Works certificate
Installation and operating manual for mechanical
seals bearing pedestal 0 9220-066-en
Sectional drawing SCK
Group 0 long life grease lubrication 9220-00-3000
Group 0 oil bath lubrication 9220-00-3002
Installation drawing
Dimensional drawing SCK 9230-00-3030
Dimensional drawing drain connection *
9220-00-3022
Supplementary Installation and Operating Manual,
„ heating jacket “ 9000B001-en *
Performance curves
Spare parts list
Operating manual and declaration of conformity motor
*
Operating manual and declaration of conformity cou-
pling *
Operating manual mechanical seal of the manufactur-
er
Appendix to the operating manual
Operational limits 9200-00-3033
Declaration of conformity with ATEX
Declaration of conformity without ATEX
Form for Safety Information Concerning the Contami-
nation QM 0912-16-2001_en
On request:
Publication : "Centrifugal Pump Operation without
NPSH Problems"
Publication : Mechanical seals for solids-laden and
crystallizing media
Publication "Safe Operation of Magnetic Drive Pumps“
* if contained in the scope of delivery
1 Technical data
Manufacturer :
Richter Chemie-Technik GmbH
Otto-Schott-Str. 2
D-47906 Kempen
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-Mail: [email protected]m
Internet: http://www.richter-ct.com
Authorised person acc. to machinery directive
2006/42/EC: Gregor Kleining
Designation :
Single-stage, plastic-lined, chemical centrifugal pump
for mechanical seals, series SCK, grease or oil bath
lubrication
Heavy-duty horizontal design
Technical specifications to DIN ISO 5199
Connecting dimensions to ISO 2858 / DIN EN 22858
Flange connecting dimensions:
DIN EN 1092-2, type B (ISO 7005-2, type B) PN 16 or
flanges drilled to ASME 16.5 Class 150
ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU
Machine Directive 2006/42/EC
Materials :
Pressurized parts:
Ductile cast iron EN-JS 1049 / ASTM A395
Mechanical seal housing made of stainless steel
Wetted parts:
Lining: PFA, PE-UHMW
anti-static lining (PFA/PTFE conductive)
see also data sheet
Flow rate : up to 6 m3/h (at 2900 min-1)
Delivery head : up to 12 m LC (at 2900/min-1)
Housing discharge pressure : max. 16 bar
detailed data see operational limits
Temperature range : - 10 °C to + 150 °C
Note: Consult the manufacturer for higher pressures
and lower or higher temperatures.
Temperature classes : see Section 2.6.7.
Admissible ambient conditions for pumps
acc. to directive 2014/34/EU (ATEX) :
Ambient temperature range: - 20 °C to + 60 °C
Ambient pressure range : 0,8 barabs to 1,1 barabs
Weight : See data sheet
Dimensions : See installation drawing
Size :
25-25-100

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 4
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1.1 Tightening torques
Screws greased, tighten in diametrically opposite
sequence
Housing screws 901/3
Size
No. x size
Tightening torque
[mm]
[DIN/ISO]
[Nm]
25-25-100
10 x M 8
10
Pipe screws, flanges to ISO/DIN
DN
No. x size
Tightening torque
[mm]
[DIN/ISO]
[Nm]
25
4 x M 12
10
Pipe screws, DIN/ISO flanges drilled to ASME
DN
No. x size
Tightening torque
[mm]
[inch]
[ASME]
[Nm]
[in-lbs]
25
1“
4 x ½“
8
70
1.2 Type plate, ATEX and housing
markings
The stainless steel type plate is undetachably riveted
to the housing.
If the operator attaches his identification, it must be
ensured that the pump matches the application in
question.
Example of type plate:
ATEX marking:
Housing identification:
The following are visible on the housing according to
DIN EN 19:
Nominal size
Rated pressure
Housing material
Manufacturer's identification
Melt number/Foundry identification
Cast date
1.3 Spare parts
Spare parts for two years of continuous operation in
accordance with DIN 24296 and in consultation with
the manufacturer.

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 5
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2 Notes on safety
This operating manual contains fundamental
information which is to be observed during installation,
operation and maintenance.
It must be read before installation and commis-
sioning!
This operating manual must always be available at the
place of use of the machine/plant.
In addition to the general notes on safety under the
main heading “Safety”, special notes on safety are
included at other points and must be observed.
Installation, operation and maintenance are to be per-
formed by qualified staff.
The area of responsibility, authority and supervision of
the staff must be exactly regulated by the customer.
If the staff do not have the necessary expertise, they
are to be trained and instructed. If necessary, this can
be provided by the manufacturer/supplier on behalf of
the machine operator.
General hazard symbol! People may be
put at risk.
Safety symbol! The pump and its function
may be put at risk if this safety symbol is
not observed.
EU marking! Explosion-protected
equipment must be identified for work in
potentially explosive areas.
Warning of electric power!
It is imperative to observe signs attached directly to
the pump / unit, e.g.:
Direction of rotation arrow
Warning against dry-running
and they are to be kept legible.
Non-observance of the notes on safety may result
in the loss of any and all claims for damages.
Non-observance may involve the following hazards :
Failure of important functions of the machine/plant.
Risk to people from electric, mechanical and chemical
effects.
Risks to the environment through leaks of hazardous
substances.
If the unit is used in potentially explosive
areas, special attention is to be paid to the
sections identified with “Ex” in this operating
manual.
2.1 Intended use
Richter pumps of the series SCK are plastic-lined cen-
trifugal pumps for the leak-free conveyance of ag-
gressive, toxic, pure and inflammable liquids.
Vertical installation of the pumps is only possible with
pumps with grease-lubricated rolling bearings or roll-
ing bearings with oil mist lubrication. Please consult
the manufacturer.
The observance of the specified physical
limits is important for perfect functioning and
safe operation, especially with regard to ex-
plosion protection to prevent potential
sources of ignition (see Section 2.6):
It must be ensured that the pump is always filled with
liquid during operation.
For safe pump operation, we recommend a flow rate
which lies between 0.3 and 1.1 Qopt. The maximum
operating temperature must never be exceeded.
See Section 2.6.7. In case of doubt, you must
consult the manufacturer.
The manufacturer must be consulted in the event of
entrainment of gas >2% as well as solids in order
to avoid a lack of lubrication and dry-running.
The plant NPSH value (NPSHA) should be 0.5 m
higher than the NPSH value of the pump
(NPSHR). See also Section 5.4.1.
Improper operation, even for brief periods,
may result in serious damage to the unit.
In connection with explosion protection, potential
sources of ignition (overheating, electrostatic and in-
duced charges, mechanical and electric sparks) can
result from these inadmissible modes of operation;
their occurrence can only be prevented by adhering to
the intended use.
Furthermore, reference is made in this connection to
the Directive 1999/92/EG („ATEX 137“) which con-
tains the minimum regulations for improving the occu-
pational health and safety of the workers who may be
at risk from an explosive atmosphere.
This unit must not be operated above the
values specified in the data sheet as regards
the fluid to be conveyed, flow rate, speed,
density, delivery head and operating temper-
ature as well as the motor rating.
The operating manual of the mechanical seal manu-
facturer in particular must be examined with regard to
the maximum medium temperature limit and a com-
parison be made with the medium temperature limits
indicated in the table in Section 2.6.7.
Observe the instructions contained in the operat-
ing manual or contractual documentation; if nec-
essary, consult the manufacturer.
All important features are documented in the data
sheet included in the scope of delivery.

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 6
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In the event of operating conditions other than those
described in the data sheet, the following are to be
checked again:
design of the pump
design of the accessories
resistance of the materials.
2.2 For the customer / operator
The following must be observed:
The notes on safety contained in this operating manu-
al,
the prevailing regulations on accident prevention,
in-house work, operating and safety regulations of the
customer.
Protect hot, cold or moving machine parts from being
touched on site.
Do not remove any protective facilities when the ma-
chine is in operation.
Exclude any risks from electricity.
Remove leaks of hazardous media (e.g. explosive,
toxic, hot) so that there is no risk to people and the
environment. The statutory provisions are to be
observed.
Caution when using the units in potentially
explosive area!
Improper operation must be prevented.
2.3 For maintenance
Strictly, work on the pump/unit may only be performed
when it is at a standstill.
It is imperative to observe the procedure for stopping
the machine described in this operating manual. See
Section 6.3.
Pumps which convey media which are a health haz-
ard must be decontaminated.
Immediately after completion of the work, re-install all
safety and protective facilities or put them into opera-
tion again.
Observe the points listed in Section 6.1 prior to
recommissioning.
2.4 Conversion work and produc-
tion of spare parts by the cus-
tomer
Conversion of or changes to the machine are only
admissible after consultation with the manufacturer.
Original spare parts and accessories authorised by
the manufacturer serve to enhance safety.
The use of other parts may annul the liability for any
resultant consequences.
2.5 Improper operation
The operational safety of the machine supplied is only
guaranteed if it is used properly in accordance with
Section 2.1 of this operating manual.
The operating limits specified in the data sheet must
under no circumstances be exceeded.
2.6 Special requirements for ex-
plosion protection
If the units are used in potentially explosive areas, the
measures and notes in Sections 2.6.1 to 2.6.9 are
imperative to guarantee the explosion protection.
2.6.1 Filling the unit
During pump operation the wetted interior of
the pump must always be filled with the liquid
medium.
This prevents any explosive atmosphere and the risk
of dry-running.
If the customer cannot ensure this, we
recommend that appropriate monitoring
facilities be provided.
Also carefully fill auxiliary, heating and
cooling systems.
2.6.2 Special operating conditions
The pump is normally used to convey ag-
gressive and inflammable liquids.
For safe pump operation, we recommend a flow rate
of 0.3 to 1.1 Qopt. If the pump is operated outside this
range, it must be ensured that the max. admissible
flow rate according to the pump characteristic curve is
not exceeded and that the max. admissible operating
temperature according to Section 2.6.7 is observed.
If the flow rate is too high, there is a risk that the pres-
sure in the area of the mechanical seal falls until the
vapour pressure of the fluid is undershot. As a result,
this may lead to dry-running, particularly with the sin-
gle mechanical seals, involving inadmissible overheat-
ing and the destruction of the mechanical seal.
If the flow rate is too low, the medium may heat up so
much owing to the fluid friction that the max. admissi-
ble surface temperature of the relevant temperature
class is exceeded.
Overloading, overheating or non-observance of the
design data can result in inadmissible modes of
operation and it is therefore imperative to avoid them.
The situation is to be remedied by providing appropri-
ate monitoring facilities. See Section 5.6.
The plant NPSH value (NPSHA) must be 0.5 m higher
than the NPSH value of the pump (NPSHR to prevent
damage to the pump).

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 7
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2.6.3 Chargeable liquids
For operation with chargeable liquids with a
conductivity < 10-8 S/m inert gas must be
used for flushing during evacuation if the
lining of the pump is non-conductive. See
Section 6.3.
2.6.4 Identification
Qq
The identification on the pump relates to the
pump section including mechanical seal.
For classification in a certain temperature
class, the data in the operating manuals of
the mechanical seal manufacturer and of the
pump manufacturer are to be matched for
each individual application. A separate dec-
laration of conformity must be provided for
the shaft coupling and motor and for other
attachments as well as corresponding identi-
fication.
Example of the identification of the pump section:
For assembling the pump with components which are
not explosion-protected (e.g. motor, shaft coupling), it
is recommended to remove the "potentially explosive"
identification from the pump component and, if
necessary, from other attachments or make the
marking obscure.
In this case the declaration of conformity applies with-
out ATEX identification.
For surface temperatures that mainly depend on the
operating conditions of the pump, DIN EN ISO 80079-
36 Chapter 11.2 f) and g) state that no temperature
class or temperature may be specified. In this case,
the identification must include temperature range
identification (e.g. T4 ... T3 for gas or for dust D135 °
C ... T200 ° C).The temperature class must be deter-
mined by the operator in accordance with Section
2.6.7 “Temperature Limits”.
2.6.5 Check of the direction of rotation
If there is also a risk of explosion during the
installation phase, the check of the direction
of rotation must under no circumstances be
conducted by briefly switching on the unfilled
pump in order to prevent an inadmissible rise
in temperature at the mechanical seal.
We recommend you to only perform a check
of the direction of rotation with the coupling
disengaged or with a rotating field instru-
ment. See also Section 6.1.3.
2.6.6 Mode of operation of the pump
The pump may only be started with the suction side
shut-off element fully opened and the discharge side
shut-off element slightly opened. Start-up against a
closed check valve is also possible. The discharge
side shut-off element is to be regulated to the
operating design point directly after run-up.
See also Section 5.4.1.
Operation with closed shut-off elements in the
suction and/or discharge lines is not permitted!
There is a risk that even after a short time
high surface temperatures on the pump
housing may occur owing to rapid heating of
the liquid in the pump interior.
A rapid rise in the pressure inside the pump
involves the risk of overloading to the point
of bursting.
The pump must not be in operation in the
unfilled or partially filled state (dry run-
ning). This results in serious damage to
the pump and additional risks to the envi-
ronment can arise.
Dry-running cannot only occur with an insuf-
ficiently filled interior but also in the event of
high gas contents in the liquid medium.
Operation of the pump outside the admissible
operating range may also lead to dry-running (e.g.
due to evaporation in the interior).
2.6.7 Temperature limits
Qq
In normal operating mode the highest
temperatures are to be expected at the
contact point shaft seal/shaft (only with oil
bath lubrication), on the inner races of the
ball bearings and at high medium
temperatures on the surface of the pump
housing.
We would like to point out that, under extreme operat-
ing (medium temperature > 160°C) and ambient con-
ditions (ambient temperature > 30 °C), temperatures
of over 130°C may arise on the surface of the pump
housing.
In the case of liquids >40 °C the surface temperature
of the pump housing is generally lower than the tem-
perature of the liquid as the plastic lining has an insu-
lating effect.
Qq
If the pump is heated (e.g. heating jacket), it
must be ensured that the temperature clas-
ses prescribed in the annex are observed.
The non heated pump surface must have free contact
with the environment.
During operation of the pump it must be ensured that
excessive deposits of dust are prevented (regular
cleaning) in order to prevent the pump surface from
heating to above the admissible temperature.
The plant customer must ensure that the pre-
scribed operating temperature is observed. The
maximum admissible temperature of the liquid
medium at the pump inlet depends on the temper-
ature class and the selected lining material re-
quired in each case.

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 8
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Following table below indicates the admissible medi-
um temperature, depending on the pump design, as a
function of the temperature class in accordance with
DIN EN ISO 80079-36.
Temperature class
as per DIN EN ISO
80079-36
Limit value of the pumped
liquid temperature
PE-UHMW
PFA/PTFE
T4 (135 °C)
90 °C 1)
130 °C 1)
T3 (200 °C)
90 °C
150 °C 2)
Note : If the operating manual of the mechanical seal
demands a lower medium temperature than indicated in the
above table, this lower medium temperature is decisive.
1) Long life grease lubrication: no restriction.
Oil bath lubrication: standard design with shaft seal T3
Labyrinthdichtungen (Sonderausführung) T4
2) Consult the manufacturer for higher limit values.
If different temperature classes (e.g. pump T4, me-
chanical seal T3) arise when one medium is used for
pumps and the mechanical seal, the lower tempera-
ture class (in the above example T3) applies to the
entire pump including the mechanical seal.
Observance of the temperature class T4 with oil bath
lubrication is not possible with the standard shaft seal.
A labirinth seal must be used instead of the shaft seal
for the temperature class T4 and with oil lubricated
ball bearings.
2.6.8 Maintenance
To achieve safe and reliable operation, it must be
ensured in inspections at regular intervals that the unit
is properly serviced and kept in technically perfect
order.
Example: Functioning of the rolling bearings. The
mode of operation and operating conditions largely
determine the actual service life that can be attained.
Regular checks of the bearing pedestal area can pre-
vent excessive temperatures due to hot-running rolling
bearings, or even defective bearing seals. See Sec-
tion 7.2.
In regard to media containing solids, the maintenance
intervals must be set by the operator in accordance
with the conditions of operation.
If auxiliary systems (e.g. cooling, heating) are
installed, check to see whether monitoring facilities
are required to ensure their function.
2.6.9 Electric peripheral equipment
Electric peripheral equipment, e.g. pressure,
temperature and flow sensors etc. must
comply with the prevailing safety
requirements and explosion protection
provisions.

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 9
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3 Transport, storage and disposal
The pump or the unit must be transported
properly. It must be ensured that during
transport the pump/unit remains in the hori-
zontal position.
Directly after receipt of the goods, check the consign-
ment for completeness and any in-transit damage.
Damaged pumps must not be installed in the plant.
Handle goods carefully to prevent damage.
Flange covers serve as protection during transport
and must not be removed.
If the unit is not installed immediately after delivery,
store them properly.
The product should be stored in a dry and vibration-
free, well ventilated room at as constant a tempera-
ture as possible.
Elastomers are to be protected against UV light.
Generally, a storage period of 10 years do not ex-
ceeded. An admissible storage period of 4 years ap-
plies to elastomers made of NBR.
In the case of prolonged storage conservation agents
on machined component surfaces and packing with a
desiccant may be necessary.
3.1 Return consignments
Pumps which have conveyed aggressive or toxic me-
dia must be well flushed and cleaned before being
returned to the manufacturer's works.
It is imperative to enclose a safety information
sheet / general safety certificate on the field of ap-
plication with the return consignment.
Pre-printed forms are enclosed with the installation
and operating manual.
Safety precautions and decontamination measures
are to be mentioned.
3.2 Disposal
Parts of the pump may be contaminated with medium
which is detrimental to health and the environment
and therefore cleaning is not sufficient.
Risk of personal injury and damage to the
environment due to the medium or oil!
Wear protective clothing when work is performed on
the pump.
Prior to the disposal of the pump:
Collect any medium, oil etc. which has escaped
and dispose of it in accordance with the local
regulations.
Neutralise any medium residues in the pump.
Separate pump materials (plastics, metals etc.) and
dispose of them in accordance with the local regu-
lations.

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 10
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4 Product description
The housing dimensions, nominal ratings and tech-
nical requirements of the pump series SCK corre-
spond to ISO 2858 / DIN EN 22858 / DIN ISO 5199.
The technical requirements of the VDMA 24279 are
satisfied.
The sectional drawing shows the design of the pump.
See Section 9.2 and 9.3.
Additional information for the pump is provided in the
brochure.
All components which come into contact with the me-
dium are either plastic-lined or made of other resistant
materials, e.g. silicon carbide.
The pump consists of the assemblies:
Housing, lantern/back plate, impeller, shaft sleeve,
bearing pedestal, shaft gasket and mechanical seal
(separate manual).
4.1 Housing
The metallic shell gives the plastic lining of the hous-
ing 100 the necessary stability.
Optionally, the housing can be fitted with a drain (see
Section 5.4.6) or heating. This is shown in the data
sheet or in a separate technical document.
4.2 Lantern with back plate
The replaceable back plate 161 consists of the back
plate insert 168, a two-piece ring 501 and circlip
932/4. These parts can also be replaced by the cus-
tomer.
The back plate insert 168 is held in the lantern 344 by
a 2-piece ring 501. A circlip 932/4 holds the 2-
piece ring together. See Fig. 2.
Fig. 1
4.3 Impeller
For strength reasons the impeller 230 has a metallic
core inside with which is it screwed onto the shaft 210.
A locking unit 930/1 is installed between the impeller
and the shaft as an anti-torsion insert.
4.4 Shaft sleeve
To protect the shaft 210 against corrosion, the section
between the impeller and the shaft gasket is protected
with a shaft sleeve 524 made of a hard, corrosion-
resistant material.
A plastic lining is provided at the bearing points in the
shaft sleeve made of non-metallic materials in order to
permit a safe transition to the metallic shaft.
4.5 Bearing pedestal
Long life grease lubrication
The bearing 321/2 on the motor side is designed as a
fixed bearing and that on the pump side as a floating
bearing 321/1.
A rear bearing cover 361 is installed on the motor side
as additional protection. Grease is provided between
the rear bearing cover and the bearing as corrosion
protection. An additional seal can be installed.
Oil bath lubrication
The bearing pedestal 330 contains radial ball bearings
321/1, 321/2, which are lubricated by an oil bath. The
fixed bearing is arranged on the motor side, the
floating bearing on the pump side.
A rear bearing cover 361, which accomodates a rotary
shaft seal 421/1 and an O-ring 412/1 for oil sealing, is
installed on the motor side.
A so-called spring bushing 546 is installed on the
pump side.
It has several functions:
Any medium emerging from the mechanical seal is
kept away from the bearing.
Cup springs 950/1, which press the shaft sleeve 524
against the impeller 230 are inserted in order to
seal at that location.
It serves as a running surface when an additional seal
ring is installed.
4.6 Mechanical seals
Designs:
Single mechanical seal external
Double mechanical seal to DIN EN 12756
See the relevant installation and operating
manuals of Richter or the mechanical seal
manufacturer.

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 11
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5 Installation
5.1 Safety regulations
Equipment which is operated in potentially
explosive areas must satisfy the explosion
protection regulations.
5.2 Installation of pump/unit
The structural work must be prepared in accordance
with the dimensions in the installation drawing.
Method of installation: on a grouted base plate and
firm foundation
Align base plate on the ground foundation.
Insert foundation bolts and grout base plate.
Do not tighten the foundation bolts uniformly and firm-
ly until the mortar has set.
Other possibilities of installing the pump are:
4-point installation
4-point installation with base plate.
As soon as additional installations are
mounted, the stability of the entire unit
installed without a foundation must be
checked.
5.3 Alignment of pump-coupling-
motor
The following information is of a general
nature. If necessary, special notes of the
coupling and motor manufacturer are to be
observed.
After attachment of the base plate on the
foundation and connection of the pipes, the
alignment of the coupling must be carefully
checked and, if necessary, the unit re-
aligned with the motor.
A coupling check and possible re-alignment is also
necessary if the pump and motor are supplied on a
common base plate and aligned.
Prior to alignment undo the support bracket 183 and
then tighten it without stress.
The pump is to be aligned in all directions using a
spirit level (on shaft/discharge nozzle) (admissible
position deviation max. 0.08” in/ft (0,2 mm/m). See
installation drawing.
Use supports in the direct vicinity of the bolts founda-
tion/base plate.
Ensure that the unit cannot be started
during work without the coupling guard.
5.4 Piping
Before the pump is installed, both, the suction and
supply lines as well as the discharge line are to be
cleaned.
Dirt or damage to the sealing surfaces is best avoided
if the flange covers remain on the flanges until just
before installation.
Use flange gaskets suitable for the medium.
The screw tightening torques in Section 1.1 are to be
observed for tightening the flange screws.
5.4.1 Nominal size
The operating design point of a centrifugal pump lies
at the intersection of the pump curve and the pipe
curve, see Fig. 6. The pump curve is provided by the
pump manufacturer. The pipe curve is determined
using diagrams or PC programs.
Fig. 2
Under no circumstances can the nominal size of the
piping be derived from the connected nominal size of
the pump.
The pipe nominal size can also be determined using
the flow rate as a rough guide.
The velocity in the suction line should not exceed 2.0
m/s and 5.0 m/s in the discharge line.
When determining the suction line nominal size, the
NPSH value (net positive suction head) must also be
observed. The NPSHR value required for the pump is
specified in the data sheet.
The NPSHR available in the plant
should be at least 0.5 m higher than
the NPSHR required for the pump.
Otherwise, this will lead to a drop in
the delivery head, cavitation or even
failure of the pump.
)m(A )s/m(Q
)s/m(v 2
3
=

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 12
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5.4.2 Nozzle loads
The pump can be subjected to nozzle loads acc. to
DIN EN ISO 5199.
Changes in the length of the piping caused by
temperature are to be allowed for by appropriate
measures, e.g. the installation of expansion joints.
5.4.3 Suction line
The suction lines must always be laid on a rising gra-
dient towards the pump. Otherwise, gas bubbles may
form which considerably reduce the suction line cross
section. Eccentric transition elements must be in-
stalled between different pipe diameters.
Valves which disrupt the course of flow should not be
installed directly upstream of the pump.
Fig. 3
5.4.4 Supply lines
Supply lines should vent towards the reservoir and are
therefore to be laid with a constant downward gradient
towards the pump. Should the piping internals up-
stream of the pump be horizontal, a low point can, of
course, be located upstream of these internals. From
here the pipe is then laid with an upward gradient to
the pump so that the gas bubbles which form here can
escape through the pump.
Valves which disrupt the course of flow should not be
installed directly upstream of the pump.
5.4.5 Discharge line
Do not arrange the shut-off valve directly above the
pump but initially provide a transition section.
The discharge nozzle velocity of the medium can –if
necessary –be reduced.
5.4.6 Venting and evacuating
Venting can take place into the discharge line or
upstream of the discharge valve.
A venting line can also be used as a bypass, drain or
flushing line.
The pump housing is fitted with a drain connection as
a standard feature. Optionally, the drain bore can be
drilled.
Boring template see Section 10.5.
Fig. 4
5.5 Pipe fittings
The following pipe fittings are available from Richter
on request:
Shut-off valves
Check valves
Sight glasses
Priming vessels
Strainers
Pressure gauges
Fig. 5

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5.6 Monitoring facilities
Appropriate monitoring facilities are to be
recommended, depending on the require-
ments placed on operational safety and
availability of the unit.
Richter provides information on request and can sup-
ply:
Flow meters
Filling level indicators
Motor load monitors
Temperature monitors
Rolling bearing monitors
Leak monitors
You can obtain the publications "Safe Operation of
Magnetic Drive Pumps" and "The Operation of
Centrifugal Pumps without NPSH Problems" on
request.
5.7 Drive
The power consumption of the pump at the operating
design point is specified in the data sheet and works
certificate. If the operating design point was not known
when the pump was dispatched, the power consump-
tion can be read off the appropriate performance
curves. The max. density, the max. viscosity, power
margins for the relevant mechanical seal and a safety
margin are to be allowed for.
Care must be taken when selecting the motor size to
ensure that the excess power is not too great but that
the requirements acc. to DIN EN ISO 5199 are satis-
fied.
Different operating data can be achieved without
changing the pump through the use of different
speeds, e.g. by means of a frequency converter.
The pump with base plate and motor is illustrated in
the installation drawing.
Observe the operating manual of the motor manufac-
turer.
A motor with a valid ATEX certificate is to be
used if employed in zone 1 and 2.
5.8 Coupling
If one coupling half engages with the other, the claw
section is normally to be mounted on the drive shaft
and the coupling half with the smooth end face on the
motor shaft.
Observe the operating manual of the coupling manu-
facturer.
A coupling with a valid ATEX certificate is to
be used if deployed in zone 1 and 2.
Regulations exist, e.g. for the following details:
Arrangement of the coupling halves
Max. bore diameter
Max. transmitted power
Spacing of the coupling halves
Maximum values for offset and angular misalignment.
Should the pump housing and motor remain on the
base plate for repair work, a spacer type coupling is
required.
5.9 Final check
Check the alignment of the coupling again in
accordance with Section 5.3.
5.10 Coupling guard
The pump may only be operated with a coupling
guard in accordance with the accident prevention reg-
ulations.
It should be ensured that the coupling pro-
tection used either consists of non-sparking
material or fulfills the impact resistance test
required by DIN EN ISO 80079-36 without
any problem.
The operator must ensure that, after the
coupling protection has been mounted, the
requirements of the machine guideline are
fulfilled.
5.11 Electric connection
The operator is obligated to connect the assembly in
accordance with existing regulations 8 (IEC, VDE,
etc.).
Only have the electric connection performed
by a qualified electrician.
Compare the available mains voltage with the infor-
mation on the type plate of the motor and select a
suitable circuit.
A motor protection device (motor-circuit switch) is
urgently recommended.
Danger of explosion if the electrical
installation is incorrect.
In potentially explosive areas IEC 60079-14
must also be observed for the electrical in-
stallation.
If the pump is mounted on a base plate, ensuring
electrical conduction through the use of a chopper
disk or contact disk on the housing foot and support
bracket.
The assembly must be grounded in accordance with
currently effective regulations, for example, on the
base plate.

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6 Commissioning/Shutdown
6.1 Initial commissioning
Normally, the pumps have already been test-run with
water. Unless special agreements have been made,
there could still be residual amounts of water in the
pump. This must be noted in view of a possible reac-
tion with the medium.
Long life grease lubrication
The ball bearings are greased for life. Regreasing
is not possible and not necessary.
For service lives, see Section 7.2.
Oil bath lubrication
Pour in oil into the bearing pedestal!
For procedure and the oil grade, see Sections 7.2
and 7.10.1.
6.1.1 Mechanical seals
The design and material combination are specified in
the data sheet.
The proper condition of the components and
the protective facilities must be ensured to
prevent any risk from escaping medium.
The regulations and recommendations of the me-
chanical seal manufacturer must always be ob-
served.
See relevant installation and operating manual for the
mechanical seal.
6.1.2 Filling the pump housing
Check to see whether the screws of the mechanical
seal and all flange connections are tightened. When
retightening the housing screws, make sure that the
support bracket is undone. Otherwise, the pump could
be deformed.
For screw tightening torques see Section 1.1.
Open the suction line fully so that the medium can
flow into the pump.
Open the discharge valve so that the air in the pump
can escape.
If air cannot be vented into the discharge line, e.g. a
drop in pressure in this line is not permitted, vent-
ing must be performed upstream of the discharge
valve.
Monitor the venting operation until no air but only liq-
uid emerges.
Monitor the venting operation again until no more air
emerges.
Close the discharge valve again until only
the minimum flow rate is obtained after
the motor has been started.
6.1.3 Start-up
Check the direction of rotation of the motor with a ro-
tary field instrument.
As viewed from the motor, the direction of rotation of
the pump is clockwise. See also the direction of ro-
tation arrow of the pump.
If no rotary field instrument is available,
the motor can be switched on briefly with
the pump filled so that it does not run up.
Observe the direction of rotation through
the fan hood.
The pump must not run dry during the
check of the direction of rotation.
Check alignment of the coupling.
Mount coupling guard.
The pump must be completely filled with
liquid. The maximum admissible flow rate
must not be exceeded.
Switch the motor on.
Set the desired flow by opening the discharge valve.
6.2 Operating limits
The operating limits of the pump/unit in terms
of pressure, temperature, power and speed
are entered in the data sheet and it is
imperative to observe them!
6.2.1 Abrasive media
If liquids with abrasive constituents are
conveyed, increased wear at the pump is to
be expected. The inspection intervals should
be reduced compared with the usual times.
6.2.2 Min./max. flow rate
The operating range generally recommended lies at
0.3 Qopt to 1.1 Qopt. Consult the manufacturer for
operation outside this range and observe Section
2.6.2.

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6.3 Shutdown
Close discharge valve down to the position "minimum
flow rate"
Switch motor off.
Close discharge valve completely.
Only close the suction line if the pump is to be
evacuated or dismantled.
For all work on the machine, make sure that
the motor cannot be inadvertently switched
on.
If the pump is to be evacuated or flushed,
observe the local regulations.
If the pump has been operated with a
chargeable liquid, it must be filled with inert
gas (e.g. nitrogen) to prevent an explosive
atmosphere.
It is recommended to wait one hour before the pump
is dismantled from the plant to permit static peak
charges to be eliminated.
It is recommended to wait one hour before the pump
is dismantled from the plant to permit static peak
charges to be eliminated.
If the pump is returned to the manufacturer's, clean
the pump very thoroughly.
See also Section 3.1.
6.4 Restarting
When the pump is restarted, it must be ensured that
all the relative steps as described in Section 6.1 are
repeated, depending on the progress of the shutdown
operation.
6.5 Improper operations and their
consequences (examples)
Improper operation, even for brief periods,
may result in serious damage to the unit.
In connection with explosion protection, potential
sources of ignition (overheating, electrostatic and
induced charges, mechanical and electric sparks) can
result from these inadmissible modes of operation;
their occurrence can only be prevented by adhering to
the intended use.
Pump is started up without medium :
The mechanical seal in the pump may be destroyed.
Other pump components may be destroyed due to
overheating.
Suction line not opened or not opened fully :
Pump is cavitating –material damage to pump and
plain bearings
Pump does not attain the required delivery head or
flow rate.
Pump may be destroyed due to overheating.
Discharge valve opened too much :
Pump may be destroyed due to overheating.
Excessive shaft deflection with consequences for the
mechanical seal.
Excessive bearing load with consequences for the
bearing service life.
Discharge valve closed too much :
Pump can cavitate. Particularly severe with an empty
discharge line.
Risk of pressure surge.
Motor may be overloaded.
Suction valve and discharge valve closed :
Destruction due to rapid overheating and sharp rise in
pressure.
Control of the pump with the suction valve :
Cavitation –the volume may only be regulated on the
discharge side. Cavitation –the volume may only
be regulated on the discharge side.
Suction valve and discharge valve closed :
Possible damage to the mechanical seal because
another pump can generate a pressure for which
the mechanical seal is not rated.
Overrun of the admissible gas content:
The flow may stop.
Switch pump and vent off for renewed conveyance.
Make sure that the gas content is not exceeded, as
described in the intended use.

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7 Maintenance
7.1 Screw connections of the
housing
After initial loading by the operating pressure and
operating temperature the tightening torques of all
connection screws must be checked at the following
points:
housing flange
suction flange
discharge flange
See also Section 6.1.2, para. 1.
Other inspections are to be performed regularly,
depending on the operating requirements.
7.2 Bearing pedestal
The temperature of the bearing pedestal is
not to exceed more than 70 °C and under
no circumstances 80 °C.
If higher temperatures do occur, call in qualified staff
without delay. If this is not possible, the pump must be
shut down and taken out of service.
In many cases a vibration measurement is recom-
mended to detect bearing wear in good time.
In potentially explosive works it is
advisable to monitor the condition of
the rolling bearings
7.2.1 Long life grease lubrication
Grease-filled rolling bearings of type 2RS are fitted as
standard. The grease based on polyurea thickener
and ester oil has the designation WT. The permissible
temperature range lies between -40°C and +160°C.
The roller bearings are designed for a service life L10
of >35,000 hours. The service life of the grease fill-
ing guaranteed by the bearing manufacturers is
shown in the following table. Depending on the
degree of contamination, the service life of the
grease is reduced.
Size
Bearing size > Service life
Group 0
6005-2RS WT / 35000 hr*
*at bearing temperature <70 °C
If the pump is serviced, it is recommended to also replace
the bearings as a precaution.
See Fig. 10.
Fig. 6
7.2.2 Oil bath lubrication
With an expected bearing temperature of about 70°C
we recommend a mineral oil with the following charac-
teristics:
Viscosity index : approx. 85
Kinematic viscosity at 40°C : approx.
A fully synthetic gear oil to ISO VG 220 is to be used
for temperatures below –20 °C.
Replacing the bearings: The ball bearings are
designed for an L10 service life of >35.000 hours.
We recommend 35.000 working hours respectively
every 4 years a change of bearing should be made.
Oil changes: 1x per year at bearing temperatures of
about 70 °C.
At higher temperatures more frequently in accordance
with the regulations.
When the pump is serviced, it is recommended to
replace the bearings and shaft seals as a precaution
and to pour in fresh oil.
Oil level check: The oil level is to be regularly
checked on the constant level oiler 638/1 to ensure
safe operation.
It must be ensured that there is always oil in the con-
stant level oiler; it must under no circumstances be
completely drained.
7.3 Mechanical seals
The regulations of the mechanical seal manufacturer
must always be observed.
See also the relevant supplementary installation and
operating manual for mechanical seals.
7.4 Cleaning
Care must be taken when cleaning the pump to
ensure that it is not exposed to a strong water jet.
The ingress of water into the bearing pedestal will
substantially impair ball bearing lubrication.
7.5 Stand-by pumps
If a pump is on stand-by, it is to be started up from
time to time.
This operation is to be performed more often for
pumps which are exposed to very strong vibrations
from the plant.
When dismantling the pump from the plant, drain it,
thoroughly clean it, seal with flange covers and store
in accordance with the instructions.

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7.6 Notes on dismantling
All repair and maintenance work is to be performed by
skilled staff using appropriate tools and original
spare parts.
Is the necessary documentation available?
Has the pump been shut down, drained and flushed in
accordance with the regulations?
See also Section 6.3.
If no new assembly is performed immediately after
dismantling, the plastic and ceramic components in
particular must be stored carefully.
The ceramic parts are relatively easy fragile; with the
plastic components the soft sealing surfaces in
particular are to be protected.
If the diameter of a plastic impeller is to be reduced, it
must be remembered that there is a metallic core
in the impeller which is not resistant to the medi-
um. The table of the machined diameters of plastic
impellers is to be observed. In case of doubt only
machine the area of the vanes.
7.6.1 Protective clothing
Even if the pump has been properly
evacuated and flushed, residue of the
medium may still remain in the pump, e.g.
between sealing surfaces or in the bearing
seats or in the can or the can insert.
Plastic components may absorb medium which
gradually emerges from the material after flushing.
Proper protective clothing is to be worn.
7.7 Dismantling
There are two possibilities for dismantling:
1. Dismantling the complete pump from the plant.
2. Dismantling the complete slide-in unit as the pump
housing can remain in the plant connected to the
piping.
If the coupling installed is a spacer-type coupling, the
motor can also remain in the plant.
Remove seal guard 685 (only with single mechanical
seal)
Undo support bracket 183 from the base plate.
Undo housing screws 901/3, 554/11
Remove entire slide-in unit.
If the housing 100 remains in the plant, leave
the housing gasket 401 in the centering to
protect the housing sealing surface.
Dismantling can be checked using the sectional
drawing in Section 9.2 and 9.3 and the components
available.
7.7.1 Dismantling slide-in unit
Clamp the slide-in unit in the vice.
It is imperative to use clamping jaws with an
aluminium surface.
Loosen impeller 230 with a strap wrench or assembly
wrench. Right-hand thread!
For assembly aid for impeller, see Section 10.1.
The impeller is dismantled before or during disman-
tling of the mechanical seal, depending on the type of
mechanical seal.
After removing the impeller 230, the locking unit 930/1
becomes visible.
The one half of the locking unit is generally seated
firmly on the impeller and the other half firmly on the
shaft.
If these parts are still in good condition, they are best
left assembled. If one or both locking unit halves
has/have to be removed, it/they may have to be
destroyed with a chisel.
7.7.2 Dismantling the mechanical seal
See the installation and operating manual for the re-
spective mechanical seal version:
External single mechanical seal or
Double mechanical seal to DIN EN 12756
9220-066-en
and/or operating manual of the mechanical seal man-
ufacturer.
7.7.3 Dismantling the shaft sleeve
The dismantling of the shaft seal is described in the
installation and operating manual of the respective
mechanical seal type.
7.7.4 Dismantling the lantern with back
plate
The dismantling of the lantern with back plate is de-
scribed in the installation and operating manual of the
respective mechanical seal type.
A replaceable back plate 161 can be dismantled after
removal of the circlip 932/4 and the 2-piece ring
501.
7.7.5 Dismantling the bearing pedestal
Oil bath lubrication
Drain oil from hex. screw 901/4.
Screw hex. socket screw 914/1 out of the bearing
cover 360.
Long life grease lubrication
Unscrew rear bearing cover 361 from the bearing
pedestal 330.

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Oil bath lubrication
Unscrew rear bearing cover 361 with rotary shaft
seal 421/1 from the bearing pedestal 330.
Remove circlip 932/2.
The shaft 210 with the radial ball bearing 321/1 is
pressed on a press towards the pump side out of
the bearing pedestal.
7.8 Changing the radial ball bear-
ings
7.8.1 Long life grease lubrication
Pull radial ball bearing 321/2 out of the bearing pedes-
tal 330.
Remove circlip 932/1.
Press radial ball bearing 321/1 off the shaft.
Installation:
Press new radial ball bearing 321/2 onto the shaft
210.
Insert circlip 932/1.
Force shaft 210 with radial ball bearing into the bear-
ing pedestal 330.
Insert circlip 932/2 on the motor side.
Provide grease seal.
Mount and screw rear bearing cover 361.
Mount new radial ball bearing 321/1.
Provide grease seal.
Mount bearing cover 360 and screw to bearing pedes-
tal.
Insert shoulder ring 505.
Insert cup springs 950/1.
Cup springs are to be mounted in alternating direc-
tions.
Insert spring bushing 546.
7.8.2 Oil bath lubrication
Pull radial ball bearing 321/2 out of the bearing pedes-
tal 330.
Remove circlip 932/1.
Press radial ball bearing 321/1 off the shaft.
Installation:
Press new radial ball bearing 321/2 onto the shaft
210.
Insert circlip 932/1.
Force shaft 210 with radial ball bearing into the bear-
ing pedestal 330.
Insert circlip 932/2 on the motor side.
Provide grease seal.
Mount and screw rear end cover 361.
Mount new radial ball bearing 321/1.
Provide grease seal.
Insert bearing cover 360 and screw to bearing pedes-
tal.
Insert shoulder ring 505.
Insert cup springs 950/1.
Cup springs are to be mounted in alternating direc-
tions.
Insert spring bushing 546.
7.9 Notes on assembly
Use original spare parts. See also Section 2.4.
Do not use any defective parts.
The recommendations of the mechanical seal manu-
facturer are to be observed.
Close-tolerance areas, screws and cup springs are to
be treated with a grease to protect against corro-
sion.
Grease chambers which serve to protect the bearings
must be filled with grease long life grease lubrica-
tion).
The locking unit 930 must not be greased during as-
sembly.
The circlips 932/1 and 932/2 for the shaft are a rein-
forced version.
Replace all static sealing elements on re-assembly.
When using a bellows-type mechanical seal whose
clamping surface is made of PTFE, it must be en-
sured that only original shaft sleeves with the
greater surface roughness required for this me-
chanical seal are used.
Shaft sleeves 524 made of ceramic materials should
be able to turn easily on the shaft 210. If the fitting
is too tight, the plastic bearing points in the shaft
sleeve are to be reamed.
If the shaft sleeve only has one leading chamfered
edge, it must lie on the side of the cup springs. The
surface of the shaft sleeve must be absolutely
clean; that also applies to the leading chamfered
edge.
Cup springs are to be mounted in alternating direc-
tions. .
See Fig. 11 in Section 7.7.1.
The impeller 230 is to be mounted until the locking
unit 930/1 sits perfectly.
The dimension X specified in the works certificate
between impeller 230 and back plate 161 is to be
observed. If the actual dimension deviates from the
target dimension, an assembly error has been
made.
The dimension Ybetween the impeller and the hous-
ing can be influenced by the thickness of the hous-
ing gasket 401. If the pump is used at higher tem-
peratures than originally expected, the dimension
Y is to be increased according to the works infor-
mation. Refer also to the Richter works certificate
and sectional drawing in Section 9.2 and 9.3.
Finally, the pump housing is to be subjected to the
operating pressure.

Series SCK, Size 25-25-100 Page 19
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7.10 Assembly
Assembly is performed in the reverse sequence to
dismantling.
7.10.1Pour in oil into the bearing
pedestal!
Oil quantities:
For group 0 appr. 150 ml
Type of oil:
See Section 7.2.2.
Procedure for filling with oil:
➢Pull the plastic container out of the holder.
➢Unscrew the plastic container and fill it with oil.
➢Screw the plastic container shut and insert it into
the holder.
➢If the oil level still drops too far, add oil to the plas-
tic container again.
Fig.11
7.11 Tests
The pumps are tested with water at the manufactur-
er's.
The operating data measured are then documented
in a works test certificate.
If, during a test after repairs, discrepancies compared
with the works certificate are discovered, the following
people can be called in:
1) in-house pump office
2) The manufacturer Richter
or its local agent
The following conveying data can be checked using
the pump performance curves:
Flow rate
Head
Power requirement
NPSHR

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8 Malfunctions
Faults may result from inadmissible modes
of operation. Such improper operation –
even brief ones –may cause serious dam-
age to the unit.
In connection with explosion protection, potential
sources of ignition (overheating, electrostatic and
induced charges, mechanical and electric sparks) can
result from these inadmissible modes of operation;
their occurrence can only be prevented by adhering to
the intended use.
See also Section 6.5.
Should there be any uncertainty about the remedy to
be applied, please inquire at the in-house pump office
or at the pump manufacturer's.
No delivery :
Is the pump filled and vented?
Is the suction line open, vented, cleaned and correctly
laid?
Is the discharge line open, vented, cleaned and cor-
rectly laid?
Is the geodetic head too high?
Is air being drawn in?
Flow rate too low :
Have the pump, suction line and discharge line been
completely vented, filled and cleaned?
Have any strainers installed been cleaned?
Are all shut-off devices open?
Is the geodetic head too high?
Is the NPSHA too low or the NPSHR too high?
Are the pipe resistances too high?
Is the viscosity too high?
Is the direction of rotation correct?
Is the speed too low or the impeller diameter too
small?
Are pump parts worn?
Gas in the medium?
Flow rate too high :
Is the geodetic head too low?
Are the pipe or nozzle resistances too low?
Is the pump speed too low or the impeller diameter
too large?
Delivery pressure too high :
Is the speed too high or the impeller diameter too
large?
Is the density too high?
Motor consumes too much electricity :
Is the flow rate, density or viscosity too high?
Is the speed too high or the impeller diameter too
large?
Is the coupling correctly aligned?
Can the pump shaft be turned properly?
Pump does not run smoothly or creates nois-
es :
Is the coupling correctly aligned?
Are the coupling elements worn?
Are the rolling bearings damaged?
Are parts of the hydraulics damaged?
Is the flow rate too low or too high?
Is the impeller balanced?
Is the pump twisted?
Is there foreign matter in the pump?
Temperature of the rolling bearings is too
high :
How high is the actual temperature measured?
How high may it be acc. to the operating manual?
Is the running-in phase already over?
Deficient lubricant?
Overageing / wear?
Leak from the pump :
Are all screws tightened to the correct tightening
torque?
Were the sealing surfaces assembled in a clean
state?
Have approved gaskets been installed?