Rockford Fosgate POWER 1000 MOSFET User manual

Rockford
Corporation
613 South
Rockford Drive
Tempe
Arizona
85281
[phone]
[phone]
POWER 1000 MOSFET
OWNER'S MANUAL

INDEX
INTRODUCTION ................................... Page 1
SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY ..............................
Page 2
AMPLIFIER BRIDGING ............................. Page 2
INPUT CONNECTIONS ............................. Page 3
INPUT LEVEL CONTROLS .......................... Page 4
POWER CONNECTIONS ............................
Page 4
GROUND CONNECTION ...........................
Page 5
INPUT MODE SWITCH ............................. Page 5
BLOCK DIAGRAM .................................. Page 6
TURN ON CONNECTION ............................ Page 7
SPEAKER CONNECTIONS .......................... Page 7
SPEAKER WIRE ....................................
Page 8
SPEAKER IMPEDANCE .............................
Page 8
SPEAKER FUSING .................................
Page 8
PASSIVE CROSSOVER IMPEDANCE ................
Page 9
6 dB/OCTAVE CROSSOVER VALUES .............. Page 10
12 dB/OCTAVE CROSSOVER VALUES .............
Page 11
SPEAKER POWER RATINGS .......................
Page 12
PIEZOELECTRIC TWEETERS ...................... Page 12
BATTERY AND CHARGING SYSTEM ............... Page 13
CROSSOVER SETTINGS .......................... Page 13
POWER 1000 MOSFET SPECIFICATIONS ..........
Page 14
WARRANTY ....................................... Page 15
BIAMPLIFIED MODE DIAGRAM .................... Page 17
BIAMPLIFIED STEREO DIAGRAM .................. Page 18
BIAMPLIFIED STEREO BRIDGED
MONO WOOFER DIAGRAM .................... Page
19
DUAL STEREO DIAGRAM ......................... Page 20
BRIDGED STEREO DIAGRAM .....................
Page 21
BRIDGED MONO BIAMPLIFIED DIAGRAM .........
Page 22

-WARNING-
Continuous exposure to sound pressure levels over 110 dB may
cause permanent hearing loss. High-powered autosound
systems may produce sound pressure levels well over 130 dB.
Use common sense as you enjoy your system, and preserve
your hearing.
INTRODUCTION
The Rockford Power 1000 MOSFET is an automotive stereo
power amplifier which will provide state-of-the-art sound in
cars, vans, boats, or wherever a 9 to 16 Volt battery is available.
The Power 1000 MOSFET adjustable input circuits are designed
to match almost any music source, from low preamp levels to
speaker levels, with negligible noise. The amplifiers will drive all
normal speaker types, impedances, and configurations.
Internal protection circuitry in the Power 1000 MOSFET
amplifier prevents damage due to shorts, system power
problems, or internal failures. The Power 1000 MOSFET
incorporates internal battery line filtering and extensive noise
prevention circuitry.
The Power 1000 MOSFET amplifier should be PROFESSIONALLY
INSTALLED. The length and nature of your warranty are
dramatically affected if you attempt to install it yourself (see
Warranty).
This is because professional installers are experienced with
making your car sound right the first time. They make their
installation durable because they don’t want continuing problems
and complaints
- their reputations are valuable.
-1-

SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY
Four bridgeable channels in the Power 1000 MOSFET provide
unmatched system flexibility with simple wiring changes. Some
of the possibilities are:
Biamplified Stereo
- A pair of channels drives mid- and high-
frequency speakers; another pair drives the woofers, The
external crossover (XV-l) is set to separate the input
frequencies into high and low frequencies for each speaker
system.
Biamplified Stereo with Bridged Mono Woofer
- Otherwise
similar to the Biamplified Stereo system above, this arrange-
ment bridges the two low channels into a single woofer.
Bridged Stereo
- Each pair of channels on the Left and Right
sides is bridged into a full-range speaker system.
Bridged Mono Biamplified
- This configuration produces full
power into one mono channel. The front channel pair is
bridged into a mid-tweeter speaker system and the rear
channel pair is bridged into a woofer. The external crossover
(XV-l) is set to separate woofer and midrange frequencies.
Dual Stereo
- The power amp acts as two separate stereo
amplifiers, one channel pair for rear full range speakers, one
for front full range speakers. If only one set of speakers can
handle bass frequencies, an external high crossover (XV-l)
can be set to cut off the front speakers’ low frequency drive.
Stereo Woofer Amp
- Similar to Bridged Stereo except that the
inputs are driven by an external crossover (XV-l) with the high
frequency drive going to a different amp.
All of these system configurations are obtained with simple
wiring variations; there are no special “black boxes” to buy and
the system may be modified at any time.
AMPLIFIER BRIDGING
Operating an amplifier in the “bridged” or “strapped mono”
mode means driving one speaker or speaker system with two
amplifier channels. Each channel will put out full power into its
half of the speaker load, so the system can drive the speaker with
double the power that a single amplifier channel would be
capable of.
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When amplifiers are bridged into a single speaker, each amplifier
“sees” half the total speaker impedance.
Rockford-Fosgate amplifiers are designed so that connecting
the amplifier for bridged mode is a simple matter of using the
correct speaker leads as shown in the appropriate system
diagram. In theseamplifiers, one channel of each pair is inverted
in the amplifier. In normal stereo use, the inverted channel
output isconnected to the negative lead of its speaker load, thus
preserving the system’s polarity. In the bridged mode, the
inverted channel is connected to the negative lead of the
speaker to be bridged, and the positive lead is connected to the
non-inverted channel. This provides the out-of-phase drives
required for bridged operation.
The Power 1000 MOSFET is designed so that the four amplifier
sections can be bridged in several ways. Right and Left High-
Frequency channels can be bridged. The Right Low and Left
Low-Frequency channels can be bridged, the Right High and
Right Low channels can be bridged together, and the Left Low
and Left High channels can be bridged. These combinations
allow an unmatched flexibility in designing stereo, biamplified,
and hybrid bridged systems.
The Power 1000 MOSFET amplifier can deliver 500 Watts into a
bridged 4-Ohm speaker. This is enough power to destroy almost
any speaker made. Be sure to use fuses.
INPUT CONNECTIONS (RCA PIN JACKS)
Theamplifier’ssignal inputfemalepin jacksshould beconnected
to the source unit’s signal outputs.
If the source unit has “RCA” pin jack outputs, connect the Power
1000 MOSFET to the source with a standard male to male “RCA”
cable. In some cases, system noise rejection will be improved by
using high-quality braided-shield or double-shielded inter-
connecting cables.
When the source unit does not have pin jack outputs, get an
appropriate adapter from your dealer, or use Rockford adapter
cable No. AS-524.
Some higher-powered source units employ “bridged” output
circuits (“BTL”outputs). Units with bridged outputsare normally
rated at 15 to 25 Watts output by the manufacturer. To connect
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this type of unit to a Power 1000 MOSFET amplifier, the speaker
positive (+) wires should go to the adapter cable center
conductors, but the cable shield ground must be connected to
the source chassis, NOT the speaker negative (-) wires.
Be sure to route the Power 1000 MOSFET signal input cable
away from the Orange power wire and the car’s wiring harnesses,
to avoid noise coupling.
Pre-assembled interconnector adapters are available from
Rockford Corporation for a wide variety of source units.
NOTE: In most Pioneer pre-amp output units, and some others,
the audio shield ground is not at the source chassis common.
For these units, connect the shield lines to both the audio shield
and the chassis common.
INPUT LEVEL CONTROLS
The Power 1000 MOSFET input level controls are accessible
with a jeweler’s screwdriver through four holes in the cover. The
controls are factory-preset to a level which matches most 500
millivolt to 1 Volt rated preamp-output source units.
If you are using the amp in bridged stereo or 2-channel mode
adjust only the controls labeled 2-channel/4-channel front. If
you are using a fader or crossover before the amplifier then
adjust all four channels.
If you are using the speaker-output leads of the source unit, turn
the Power 1000 MOSFET input controls fully counterclockwise
to their minimum gain position.
If the volume control of the source is “touchy” and/or noisy
-
that is, if just a little volume from the source drives the amplifier
into distortion-reduce the Power 1000 MOSFET input gain
controls so that the distortion doesn’t start until the source
volume is at about 3/4 of its rotation.
If maximum volume from the source won’t drive the Power 1000
MOSFET into distortion, increase the Power 1000 MOSFET
input gain controls until distortion starts at about 3/4 volume.
POWER CONNECTION (ORANGE 4-GAUGE WIRE)
The Orange wire must be connected directly to the positive
terminal of the battery to provide a power source with a low
-4 -

voltage drop and low noise. If the power is connected to any
other point (the fuse block, for instance) the amplifier’s power
output will be reduced and oscillations and noise may distort the
sound. If the power wire must be extended, use only 6-gauge or
larger wire and make a good splice.
It is best to use as short a wire run as possible. DO NOT run the
power wire next to the input cabling to the amplifier; it wil induce
noise.
Avoid running the Orange power wire near the radio’s antenna
or power leads, or near sensitive equipment or harnesses. The
Orange power wire carries substantial currents and could
induce noise.
The Orange wire is provided with an in-line 100 ampere fuse. Do
not use a larger fuse or the amplifier will not be adequately
protected, and you risk damage to your car’s electrical system.
GROUND CONNECTION (BLACK 6-GAUGE WIRES)
The ground wires must be connected directly to the car chassis,
near the amplifier. Connect the ground wires to separate spots
on the chassis at least one foot apart. Ground loops are
aggravated by the length of the ground wire orany resistance in
the ground path. For this reason we don’t recommend extending
the ground wires in any installation.
The ground points in the car should be pieces of chassis metal
that are welded to the main body of the car. Painted surfaces
should be scraped or sanded clean before the ground lugs are
bolted down. (Cover the bare-metal areas with paint or grease to
prevent rust.) A dab of Panduit CMP-200-1 between the lugs and
the chassis will improve grounding performance.
INPUT MODE SWITCH
The input of the Power 1000 MOSFET normally comes from the
2-channel/4-channel front RCA connectors. However, there are
some cases where it is desirable to be able to drive the rear
channels independently. For instance, if one wanted to drive the
system as two completely independent stereo amplifiers, one
would need to drive the front channel with one stereo pair, and
the rear channel with another.

The 2-channel/4-channel switch (located on the amplifier front
panel) switches the rear channel inputs over to the rearchannel
RCA connectors. To use the amplifier with 4-channel inputs
push the switch in.
TURN-ON CONNECTION
(RED WIRE FROM 9-PIN CONNECTOR)
The Power 1000 MOSFET is turned on by applying Positive 12
Volts to the red wire. Usually, the red wire is connected to the
source unit’s “Accessory” or “Auto-Antenna” lead, either of
which will go positive when the source is turned on.
Although the majority of high-quality automotive source units
have an Accessory or Auto-Antenna output, there are many
which may require different turn-on methods. If the source has
no Auto-Antenna lead (or if Auto-Antenna goes down during
tape operation):
a)
b)
c)
Find the internal switched power voltage inside the
source unit and solder a lead to it. Run the lead out
through the back of the unit (being sure to use a grommet
for insulation from the case) and connect to the amplifier
turn-on wire.
Or: Install a switch in the car with one terminal connected
to
+12 Volts and the other to the Power 1000 MOSFET red
lead.
Or: Connect the Power 1000 MOSFET red lead to the
accessory point at the car’s fuse block. In this case the
amplifier will be on whenever the car is on. This method
will allow the amplifier to amplify any noise and turn-on
and turn-off transients, and may therefore be unsatis-
factory.
SPEAKER CONNECTIONS
(WIRES FROM 9-PIN CONNECTOR)
Be certain to observe speaker terminal polarity throughout the
system. It is critical for the Power 1000 MOSFET to use the
correct negative leads for the right and left channels, since the
right negative lead (brown) is the “hot” lead for the right
speaker. DO NOT chassis ground any of the speaker leads.
Unstable operation may result.
-7-

SPEAKER WIRE
We recommend that you always use substantial wire for speaker
wiring harnesses. For short runs, 18-Gauge wire is the smallest
we suggest; for runs over 6 feet, 16-Gauge should be used. Many
users find that sound quality is improved by the use of specially-
made heavy-duty speaker wiring from one of several manu-
facturers. The Power 1000 MOSFET output harness uses short
runs of 16-Gauge wire and should not reduce any benefits
gained from specialized speaker wiring.
SPEAKER IMPEDANCE
The Power 1000 MOSFET is rated for operation into loads of
2-Ohms or greater in stereo operation.
The primary load on the amplifier comes from directly connected
speakers (not isolated by capacitors), and the measured
resistance for each side cannot be less than 1.8-Ohms. Single
4-Ohm woofers or parallel 4-Ohm pairs per side will form a
high-performance system. The maximum direct load per side is
a 4-Ohm speaker in parallel with a 4-Ohm speaker.
If the amplifier load drops below approximately 1 S-Ohms, the
Power 1000 MOSFET amplifier will protect the outputs, causing
distortion.
The heaviest load on the power amp normally comes from the
woofers. In speaker systems where midrange speakers are
isolated with crossover capacitors, only the woofers impedance
usually needs to be considered.
SPEAKER FUSING
The Power1000 MOSFET amplifier issupplied with in-linefuses
for speaker protection. The Power 1000 MOSFET amplifier is
fully protected internally against loading problems, and external
fuses are not required for amplifier protection. However,
speakers are not normally capable of continuous full-power
operation and should be fused to prevent damage due to
overheating. The Power 1000 MOSFET is capable of destroying
almost any speaker.
The amplifier is provided with Type AGC (3AG) -/-ampere fuses.
This fuse value was selected to provide adequate protection for
most high-power 4-Ohm speakers. If a light-duty speaker is
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found to fail frequently, a smaller fuse may be used for better
protection. Always use fast-blow type fuses.
If the speaker fuses for the Power 1000 MOSFET are excessively
large or are eliminated, the internal protection circuit will
operate if the speaker shorts.
PASSIVE CROSSOVER IMPEDANCE
When passive crossover components are used in multiple-
speaker systems, the crossover system’s impedance must be
considered along with the speaker’s impedance in determining
amplifier loading.
For 6-dB per Octave systems (where a single capacitor in series
is used for high-pass or single inductor [choke] in series is used
for low-pass) the net impedance of the system will be increased
and problems are unlikely.
Twelve-dB per Octave systems (where both an inductor and a
capacitor are used with each speaker) can cause trouble. A
twelve-dB choke-capacitor pair forms a series-resonant circuit
to ground whose impedance at resonance is determined by the
speaker’s dynamic impedance. For instance, if the speaker is
open or disconnected, the crossover input impedance is
theoretically ZERO at resonance
- a direct short!
Since speaker impedance varies considerably from rated values
at various frequencies, it is common to find that “standardized”
12-dB per Octave crossovers (which are designed for pure
resistor loads) have serious impedance dips near their crossover
frequencies, possibly causing operation of the protection circuit
in the amplifier, creating distortion.
We recommend that you be cautious in using 12-dB/Octave
crossover systems unless they are specifically designed to have
minimal impedance variation for the speakers in use.
-9-

SPEAKER POWER RATINGS
The power rating required for speakers corresponds to the rated
output of the amplifier:
SPEAKER POWER RATING
Impedance Non-Bridged
Bridged
8 Ohms 100 Watts 300 Watts
4 Ohms 150 Watts 500 Watts
2 Ohms 250 Watts NO
A problem at high power levels is that some woofers which are
rated to handle the power sometimes “pop”, “clang”, “snap”, or
otherwise show signs of bottoming. These speakers are
designed to use the “air spring” of an enclosed box to prevent
bottoming. This applies toalmsot all woofers originally designed
for home or professional use. One solution is to use speakers
designed for “infinite baffle” use, which have very stiff suspen-
sions. The best solution is to build boxes for the woofers.
PIEZOELECTRIC TWEETERS
Piezoelectric tweeters (“piezos”) offer ruggedness, efficiency
and extended frequency capability. They also often have a
“rough” or “harsh” sound due to large response irregularities
and distortion. They are usually a difficult load for an amplifier.
One characteristic of piezos is that they are a nearly pure
capacitive load. This means that their impedance continuously
decreases with increasing frequency. Unless some means is
used to prevent this continuous decrease, a typical piezo
tweeter’s impedance falls to well under 1-Ohm within the
bandwidth of the amplifier. This low capacitive impedance can
upset theamplifier’scompensation schemeand cause ultrasonic
(inaudible) oscillations, overheating or damaging the amplifier.
A simple method of preventing problems is to be sure there is at
least 6 feet of speaker lead between the amplifier and the piezo.
All Power 1000 MOSFET amps are tested with piezo loads and 6
feet of lead, and they will have no problem.
Another method of taming the piezo is to insert a 1-to10-Ohm
2-Watt resistor in series with one of its leads.
- 12 -

BATTERY AND CHARGING SYSTEM
High-powered amplifiers will naturally put an extra load on the
battery and charging system. A Power 1000 MOSFET may draw
up to 50-100 amperes average current.
Standard electrical systems will have to be modified to handle
the extra load of an amplifier without problems. If multiple
amplifiers are installed, average currents will be high enough to
overload the standard alternator and reduce alternator and
battery life. In this case it’s a good idea to use a heavy-duty
alternator and a high quality battery.
If the sound system will be used often when the car is not
running, the battery will obviously be discharged, perhaps
enough to prevent restarting. The discharge/recharge cycle will
reduce battery life, and alternator life will be shorter because of
the high-current recharge requirements.
If problems arise:
a) Use a premium battery or deep-discharge marine battery.
b) Use a heavy duty alternator.
c) Use a trickle-charger or battery charger.
d) Install a second battery with a switching system for
recharge.
CROSSOVER SETTINGS
Recommended crossover settings to use with an external active
crossover (i.e. Rockford Fosgate XV-l). When using the XV-I,
reverse the phase of the high channel.
Crossover
Setting, Hz
(Low/High) Suggested Applications
Flat/Flat Dual Stereo systems with two pairs of full range
speaker systems. All bridged stereo systems.
Flat/l 00 Dual Stereo systems with front speakers having
less bass capability
Flat/275 Dual stereo with small front speakers.
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100/1 00
250/250
100/250
600/600
1500/1
500
4000/4000
“Subwoofer” biamplified systems. Large woofers
on low channel, essentially full-range system on
high channel (usually a strong midrange-tweeter
pair). Excellent imaging.
“Three-way” biamp systems. Woofers on low
channel, midranges and tweeters on high channel.
Good imaging.
“Subwoofer” and three-way systems in cars which
have a lower-midrange resonance. Combines
imaging advantages of subwoofer with reduced
midrange power requirements. Excellent imaging.
“Three-way” biamp systems. As above in 250/250
section, but midrange drivers handle less power.
Fair imaging.
“Three-way” biamp systems with a very light duty
midrange. “Two-way” biamp systems with wide-
range woofers on the low channel and extremely
rugged tweeters on the high channel.
Primarily a midrange-to-tweeter crossover point
for triamplified systems.
SPECIFICATIONS, POWER 1000 MOSFET
POWER RATINGS: 2 CHANNEL (bridged)
4 Ohms: 500 Watts per channel continuous power, both
channels driven into 4 Ohms, from 20 to 20,000 Hertz,
with less than 0.10% THD+N (Total Harmonic Distortion
plus Noise).
POWER RATINGS, 4 CHANNEL:
4 Ohms: 150 Watts per channel continuous power, 4 channels
driven into 4 Ohms, from 20 to 20,000 Hertz, with less
than 0.05% THD+N (Total Harmonic Distortion plus
Noise).
4 Ohms: 200 Watts per channel continuous power, 4 channels
driven into 4 Ohms at 1000 Hertz, with less than 10%
THD+N.
2 Ohms: 250 Watts per channel continuous power, 4 channels
driven into 2 Ohms, from 20 to 20,000 Hertz, with less
than 0.10% THD+N.

Frequency Response: 20 to 100,000 Hertz +0.5, -3.0 dB.
Damping Factor: At circuit board:
Over 200 (referred to 4 Ohms).
After speaker fuse:
Over 50 (referred to 4 Ohms).
Signal to Noise ratio: Over 80 dB, unweighted.
Slew Factor: over 5.
Slew Rate: over 20 Volts/Microsecond.
IM distortion (IHF): Less than 0.05%.
Input Gain: Variable from 40 dBV to 14 dBV.
Factory pre-set at 32 dBV (correct for most 500
millivolt-rated source units).
Instantaneous Peak Output Current: Over 100 Amperes
PROTECTION:
The POWER 1000 MOSFET is protected by analog-computer
output protection circuitry and by a 100-Ampere fuse. A thermal
sensor shuts down the amplifier in case of overheating.
DIMENSIONS:
26.1” long by 7.6” wide by 3.6” high, exclusive of mounting ears
and wiring.
27.6” long by 7.6” wide by 3.6” high, minimum mounting
dimensions.
Weight: 23 Ibs.
Shipping Weight: 35 Ibs.
NOTE: Specifications subject to change without notice.
WARRANTY
From 1year from the date of purchase (The Warranty Period),
Rockford Fosgate Corporation warrants that any Power 1000
MOSFET which fails to function properly under normal use due
to a MANUFACTURING DEFECT, when installed and operated
according to the Owner’s Instruction Manual enclosed with this
unit, will be repaired or replaced, at Rockford’s option, without
charge to you for parts or labor for the actual repair work.
-15-

Proof of purchase must be provided with the returned unit to
insure full benefit of the warranty period, for if not, Rockford will
be unable to honor the warranty, labor and parts will be charged
to you.
The product must be delivered within the warranty period,
transportation prepaid, to the Rockford Fosgate Factory, or an
authorized Rockford Fosgate warranty service station together
with evidence of date and place of original retail purchase.
This warranty does not cover damage due to unauthorized
repair, nor does it cover damage due to improper shipping by
customer.
You will be responsible for removal and installation of the
product. Rockford will pay for the cost of returning the repaired
or replacement product to you within the United States.
This warranty does not cover any appearance item, any
accessories used in conjunction with the product, or any
damage to the product resulting from the alterations, accident,
misuse or abuse.
This warranty does not apply if the parts or labor, which would
be otherwise provided without charge under this warranty, are
obtained from any source other than Rockford or an authorized
service center.
Rockford limits its obligation under any implied warranties
under state laws to a period not to exceed the warranty period.
Should you have need to obtain service, return product to the
Rockford Fosgate Factory at the address listed below, or call
l-800-821-2349 for details on the authorized service center
nearest you.
Rockford Fosgate Corporation
- 613 South Rockford Drive -
Tempe, Arizona 85281.
- 16 -