Ruoshui Vr-4106 User manual

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VR-4106

Section One

Introduction

Warning

Read this Manual carefully before use the Instrument.

Generalization

The instrument is a multifunctional earth resistance/earth resistivity tester equipped with a microcomputer.

The instrument employs digital signal settlement technology, which can draw earth measurement signals, possess

features of high frequency, high accuracy and high resistance, and measure earth resistance/ earth resistivity accurately.

The instrument can execute standard 3POLE and 4POLE earth resistance measurements and has 2POLE earth

resistance measurement and earth resistivity calculation functions as well.

The Instrument conforms to the following Safety Requirements:

IEC61010-1（CAT Ⅲ600V,POLUTION degreeⅡ）

IEC61557-1、5（Electronic safety requirements for low voltage distribution system below AC 1000v and DC 1500v ）

Basic Measurement Function

2/3/4- pole earth resistance measurement

Earth resistivity （ρ）calculation

Earth Resistance Measurement employsAC simulation test, 4-kind of testing frequencies（94Hz、105Hz、111Hz、

128Hz）,which are selectable by hand to reduce impacts from low interference sources.

Auxiliary Earth Resistance Measurement Function

Testing and displaying auxiliary earth resistance.

Warning Display Function for auxiliary earth resistance upper-limits

Displaying warnings for inaccurate measurements due to high auxiliary earth resistances

Auto-range Function in Resistance Measurement and OL displays for over range.

Indication Functions for high interference voltage.

Measurement Function for series interference voltage.

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Backlight Function to view the test results in dimly areas.

Setting Function to release the residual resistance (Rk) on the test leads.

Setting Function for auxiliary earth spike interval under earth resistivity measurement, setting range: 1m～30m.

Auto-power-off function and auto-backlight-off function with set time.

Easy-for-operation data Store/Recall Function for independent measurement data (Max.100 groups)saving in the

internal storage.

Small and sturdy structure design, easy for operation, adaptable to spot transportation and bad environment.

Open the case

Check the product to see whether it is damaged in the shipment or not. Check the materials to see whether they are

the same as shown in the packing list. Keep the packing materials for late delivery.

Standard and chosen accessories supplied are listed as follows. Chosen ones are bought at purchaser’s

options.

Standard accessories

• 1 testing wire 6m(black)

• 1 testing wire 6m(green)

• 1 testing wire 15m(red)

• 1 testing wire 30m(blue)

• 4 auxiliary earth spikes

• 1 user’s manual

• 8 1.5V (LR6)Alkaline batteries

• soft carrying bag:C

Safety warning

This Instrument has been designed, manufactured and tested according to IEC61010-1、IEC61557-1、IEC61557-5

safety requirements. This Manual contains warnings and safety rules which have to be observed by the user to ensure

safe operation of the instrument and to maintain it in safe condition .Therefore, read through these operating instructions

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before using the instrument.

The mark indicated on the instrument, means that the user must refer to the related parts in the manual

for safe operation of the instrument.

Danger is reserved for conditions and actions that are likely to cause serious or fatal injury.

Warning is reserved for conditions and actions that are likely to cause serious or fatal injury.

Caution is reserved for conditions and actions that can cause injury or instrument damage.

Warning

Read carefully and make sure well understanding of the Manual before using The instrument.

Follow the instructions in the Manual whenever operating, keep the Manual in good condition for reference

whenever necessary.

Mis-operation may cause accidents and damages to the Instrument in testing.

Danger

Never make measurement on a circuit in which electrical potentials exceeding AC/DC250V.

Do not attempt to make measurement in the presence of flammable gasses. Otherwise, the use of the

instrument may cause sparking, which can lead to an explosion.

Never attempt to use the instrument if its surface or your hands are wet.

Do not exceed the maximum range allowed.

Do not press the PRESS TO Key before connecting the Test Leads.

Never open the Battery cover during a measurement.

Cut off the power and remove any measuring parts connected to the Instrument before opening the battery

cover.

Warning

Never attempt to make any measurement if any abnormal conditions, such as a broken cover or exposed

metal parts are present on the Instrument and Test Leads.

Replace Test Leads with new one in same specification and same electrical specification when it is broken.

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Do not replace batteries if the Instrument is wet.

Ensure that the test leads are firmly inserted into the terminal.

Ensure that the Instrument is powered-off if opening the battery cover.

Caution

Set and ensure the Range switch to the appropriate position before making measurement.

Set the Range switch to“ OFF” position after use and remove the test leads.

Remove the batteries if the Instrument is to be stored and will not be in use for a long period.

Do not use the Instrument when mark displays.

Do not use or keep the Instrument in high-temperature, high-humidity, explosive, strong electromagnetic

and dewy environment or expose to direct sunlight.

Do not use abrasives or solvents. Use a damp cloth with neutral detergent for cleaning the instrument.

Do not store the Instrument if it is wet. Store it after it dries.

Marks and marks

possible danger of electronic shock

double insulated

earth ground

Section Two

Specification

Safety and conformity

Overload Protection

E-S、E-H terminals: AC250V/10 seconds

Legal Conformity

IEC61010-1（CAT Ⅲ600V, POLUTION degreeⅡ）

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IE C61010-2-032 (special requirements for hand- held current Probes)

IEC61557-1 ，5(electronic safety requirement for low voltage

distribution system below AC 1000v and DC 1500v

Electromagnetic Compatibility

conforms to IEC61326-1，Group 1、Class B conforms to EC61326-1，

Group 1、Class B conforms to IEC61326-1，Group 1、Class B

Surge Protection

6kV (according to IEC61010.1-2001)

Identification Mark

CE

Quality Standard

develops , designs and manufactures according to ISO 9001

General feature

Display Screen

digit: display in 2000 digits; white backlight

Operation Temperature and Moisture

Range

0～40 ºC, relative moisture≤85%(no condensation)

Storage Temperature and Moisture

Range

--20 ºC～60 ºC、relative moisture≤90%( no condensation)

Accuracy Required Temperature and

Moisture Range

23±5ºC、relative moisture≤75%( no condensation)

Ambient Condition for Operation

Indoor, outdoor operation（no waterproof）， at an altitude of 0～2,000

meter

Stored Data

100 groups

Indicator for Over-range

OL

Battery Type

eight AA 1.5V Alkaline (LR6) batteries

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Low Battery

displays battery mark

Automatic Power-off

The default value is 5 minutes if no operation which is adjustable.

Closed –case Calibration

no internal adjustments needed

Battery Access Door

Battery or fuse replaceable without voiding calibration

Measurement

175（L）×110（W）×70（D）mm

Weight

about 500g

Calibration Period

One year

Measuring range and accuracy

Accuracy limits are given as:±( [ % of reading ] + [ number of least significant digits ] ), warranty for one year.

(Note: “number of least significant digits” means the digits increased or decreased in least significant digits)

Series interference voltage (UST)

Measuring Range

Resolution

Frequency Range

Accuracy

0.0V～20.0V

0.1V

45～400Hz Sine

5%+5

Output Resistance about 32V.

Measuring speed: twice every second.

Max. overload: 250Vrms.

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Measurement for residual resistance of Test Leads (Rk)

This function can be activated in 20Ω position. Range: 0.00Ω～5.00Ω.

RK value saved in 20Ω position is still valid for measuring range over 200.

Earth resistance Re (Rg at ρmeasurement)

Range

Measuring Range

Resolution

Accuracy

Remark

20Ω

0.10Ω～19.99Ω

0.01Ω

2%+15

RH、RS is 500Ω

Modified Rk data

200Ω

20.0Ω～199.9Ω

0.1Ω

2%+5

2000Ω

200Ω～1999Ω

1Ω

3%+5

20kΩ

2.00kΩ～19.99kΩ

0.01kΩ

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Use probes conforming to IEC61557-5 when measuring current and voltage.

Open-circuit voltage Um: Max. About 50Vpp, rectangle wave.

Short-circuit current lm: Max.20mA, but Im☓（RH +RE）< Um

Measuring frequency : 94Hz、105Hz、111Hz、128Hz, manual selection.

Measuring time: Typical 12 seconds.

Measuring error for RH, RS : typical (RH+RS+RE) 10%

Additional error for RH MAX or RS MAX: 3%+10

Series interference voltage: in 400 Hz、60 Hz、50 Hz、16

2

3

Hz system frequency or input series

interference voltage by DC voltage through E and S terminals. The mean square root value of r.m.s. in

series interference voltage is 3V. (DC is excluded in 20Ω range)

Additional error for 3V series interference voltage:5%+10.

After measuring the probe resistance, auxiliary earth resistance and earth resistance, the Instrument will

display a Warning notice to indicate over high RS or RH value if the measurement error is higher than

30% when considering impacting conditions.

Earth Resistivity (ρ)

Range

Measuring Range

Resolution

Accuracy

20Ω·m

0Ω·m～19.99Ω·m

0.01Ω·m

depends on RG

ρ＝2×π×a×RG

200Ω·m

20.0Ω·m～199.9Ω·m

0.1Ω·m

2000Ω·m

200Ω·m～1999Ω·m

1Ω·m

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20KΩ·m

2.00KΩ·m～19.99KΩ·m

0.01KΩ·m

200KΩ·m

20.0KΩ·m～199.9KΩ·m

0.1KΩ·m

2000KΩ·m

200KΩ·m～3768KΩ·m

1KΩ·m

All technical data are valid listed in earth resistance.

Interval between earth spikes : a＝1.0m～30.0m.

The maximum operation error within the measurement range should not exceed ±30% of the measured basic value,

which is shown in the following table. The operation errors are available for specified operation conditions designated in

IEC61557-1 and the following conditions:

Series interference voltage: in 400 Hz、60 Hz、50 Hz、16

2

3

Hz system frequency or input series interference

voltage by DC voltage through E （ES）and S terminals. The mean square root value of r.m.s. in series

interference voltage is 3V.

Resistance of auxiliary earth electrode and probe: 4kΩ+100☓RE≤50kΩ

Basic Error or

Impact Volume

Reference Range

Specified Working Range

Mark

Related Requirements and

Tests in IEC61557

Testing

Type

basic error

Reference range

A

6.1 in Section 5

R

power voltage

Limit value specified by the

Manufacture

E2

4.2 and 4.3 in Section 1

R

temperature

0ºC and 35ºC

E3

4.2 in Section 1

T

Series interference

voltage

See 4.2 and 4.3

E4

4.2 and 4.3 in Section 5

T

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Resistance of

auxiliary earth

electrode and

probe

4kΩ+100 RE but≤50kΩ

E5

4.3 in Section 5

T

Operation error

B=±(∣A∣+1.15

2 3 4 5

2222

E +E +E +E

)

4.3 in Section 5

R

A= basic error

En＝changing volume

R＝routine testing

T＝type testing

B[%]=±

B

基值

basic value☓100%

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Section Three

Instrument layout

Instrument body

Figure 1

Displaying

Unit

Input

terminals

Press

Key

Testing

Key

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Terminal

Figure 2

Terminals

Function Illustration

H(C)

H terminals (C terminals ) - Blue

S(P)

S terminal ( P terminal )- red

ES

ES terminal - green

E

E terminal - black

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Press key

Figure 3

Press Key

Illustration

Power-on or turning on the backlight. Press for less than 2 seconds to turn on or off the backlights;

press for more than 2 seconds to power off.

Press to select testing functions: 4 Pole, 3 Pole, 2 Pole, earth resistivity (ρ); Default Mode: 4 -Pole

method.

Under earth resistance measurement / earth resistivity measurement function. Press to select

displayed data in Main Display Screen:

Under 4 Pole mode: RE→RH→RS→UST→RK→RE, default display RE;

Under 3 Pole mode: RE→RH→RS→UST→RK→RE, default display RE;

Under 2 Pole mode: RE→UST→RK→RE, default display RE;

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Under earth resistivityρ:ρ→RG(RE)→RH→RS→UST→RK→IH (earth spike interval) →ρ;

Default setting displays ρ;

Under Setting function: alter the setting value.

Under earth resistance measurement: press to enter into /exit from RK function;

Under MEN : press to next data;

Under Setting function: right shifts of setting position.

Under earth resistance measurement / earth resistivity measurement function: press to save data;

Under RK function: press to save data; clean RK value for 0.00Ω when pressing for more than 2

seconds;

Under MEN : press to delete data;

Under Setting function: press to save setting data.

Press to start measurement once.

Press to select “Yellow Key” function, the Screen displays in the left corner. Yellow Key

functions are illustrated in the following part.

Enter into/ exit from the Instrument Setting function

Recall/ exit from data in the saving part

alter testing frequency: 128Hz→111Hz→105Hz→94Hz→128Hz, default value: 128Hz.

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Display Unit

The Notes and Warnings for the Instrument operation are displayed in all kinds of marks and information. Here is the

detailed illustration for Marks and Information.

Figure 4

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No.

Mark, Information

Illustration

1

Main display function: RE、RH、RS、RG、RK、UST

2

Main screen

3

234POLE

Earth resistance testing methods: 2POLE、3POLE、4POLE

4

Low battery mark

5

Unit in the Main Display Screen

AC voltage : V

Resistance unit: Ω（ohm）、 KΩ（thousand ohms ）

Resistance rate unit: Ω·m（ohm·meter）、 KΩ·m（thousand ohms·meter）

6

Hz

Auxiliary display unit : hertz

7

Recall/delete saving data

8

Auxiliary screen

9

Noise mark : display when UST≥5V

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10

Select Yellow Key function

11

SAVE

Data saving

12

RH is higher than limits

RS is higher than limits

Both RH and RS are higher than limits

13

High voltage mark , display when UST≥20V

Section Four

Preparation for testing

Power-on

To turn on the Instrument, press key to connect with the power.

To turn off the Instrument, press key for more than 2 seconds to cut the power.

When being powered-on, the Instrument starts inner-self diagnose and displays power-on mark firstly, and then

undertakes relevant operations.

Note

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Power-on: to guarantee correct power-on operation, cut off the power for 5 seconds before restarting.

Auto- power- off

The factory default sets that the Instrument will automatically power off if no operation is conducted within 5 minutes.

Automatically power off function can be set by Users. (See “Instrument Settings”)

Turn on the backlight

After powering on, press key for once to turn on the backlight, repress key to turn off the backlight.

Auto-turn-off backlight

Users can set backlight time (See “Instrument Settings”)

The default value is 30 seconds; the instrument will turn off the backlight if Users does not turn off the backlight

within 30 seconds.

The auto-turn- off function is prohibited if the setting is 0.

Low battery display

Mark displays in the upper-left Main Screen after power-on means low battery, please replace with new

ones (recharge if the batteries are chargeable)and then use.

Warning

To avoid electrical shock hazard or personnel injury due to wrong readings, replace the batteries as soon as

possible if the LED displays mark; or charge the batteries if they are chargeable.

Do not start testing function in low battery state.

Residual resistance

（

Rk

）

on the Test Leads

Composition of the measurement value: R display = R measurement - RK

The Rk default value is 0.00Ω, and can be adjusted between 0.00～5.00Ωthrough measurement.

Rk residual sequence undertakes as follows:

Step one: press key to select testing method: four- pole, three-pole, or 2- pole.

Step two: connect the Test Leads;

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See relevant part for different measurement methods for test leads connections.

Rk residuals can not be obtained when mark displays.

Step three: press Key to enter into Rk residual resistance mode, the Main Screen displays Rk mark in the

upper-left part, and in the lower-right part.

Figure 5

Step four: press TEST Key to measure Rk;

Step five: press Key to save Rk value, and the Main Screen displays SAVE mark in the lower-left part.

Note: the Rk value will be saved in the Instrument after powering off.

The residual resistance value is valid in all resistance range;

The Main Screen displays OL if Rk is more than 5.00Ω(see figure 6);

At this time, press Key to display “ ”mark indicating no saving.

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Figure 6 Figure 7

To clean the saved Rk value, press Key for more than 2 seconds in Rk compensation interface, and the Main

Screen displays “ ”mark, repress to clean the Rk compensation value.

Figure 8

Rk value is “0.00Ω” after cleaning.

Step six: press key to exit from Rk compensation interface.

Series interference voltage testing function

This measurement function detects the possible interference voltage and its frequency

Before undertaking earth resistance measurement, the function is automatically activated in every testing method. If

RuoShui VR-4106 User manual

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