Saab 900 Convertible User manual

Saab 900·
SERVICE MANUAL
8:3 Heating and ventil"ation system,
air conditioning system
M1979-86
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028 Technical data
SAftB
108 Special tools
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Heating and ventilation system,
854
air conditioning system
899
Alphabetic index
SERVICE·
MANUAL
8:3
Heatingand .
ventilation sfstem,
air conditioning
system
M 1979--86-
:
.

Air conditioning system
Technical data 028-1·
Technica'l data
tI
Sankyo SD 508 Clarion F140
CyclingClutch, Clarion
asfrom
1981 models (accessory)
2ton
VIR system, .CyclingClutch,
1979 models 1980 models
Compressor
Cylinders .
Four
Four Five Ten
Sweptvolume 164cm
3
164cm
3
138cm
3
140cm
3
Oil capacity
1.8dl
1.8dl 1.75dl 1.2dl
(newcomp.) (newcomp.) (newcomp.) (newcomp.)
Weight, inc!.
7.8kg 7.8kg
7.8kg 7.7kg
clutch
Speed
500-7000
500-7000
500-6000 upto 7000
r/min r/min r/min r/min
Capacity
Type designation Delco
R4, Delco R4
1131061, 1131223 1131331
Expansion valve, Cycling Clutch
Superheat
3.9 (7)
Superheat, Clarion
4.5 (8)
On
4.0-6.2
Anti-frosting thermostat
Make
Control range,
°C
Ranco Clarion
Off
On Off
0.4-2.6 4.0-6.5 0.1-2.5
Pressure switch (low gas pressure)
Pressure switch (control
of radiator fan), up to and incl. the 1983 models
Temperature switch (engine coolant)
12.6-16.8.(188-239)
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Openingpressure
Control range
bar (psi)
bar (psi)
2.9(41)
2.1 (30)
Openingtemperature
115±3
Saab900

Refrigerant
Type R12
Refrigerantweightinthesystem
1979-1980 models kg
1.2
1981 models up to and
incl. chassis
No.
AB1009099
(440 mm longcompressor
suction line) kg
1.0
1981 models up to and
inc!. chassisNo.
AB1009100
(1000 mm longcompressor
suction line +large
condenser) kg
1.15
1981 modelsas from
chassisNo.
AC1006000,
AC2001800
(1000 mm long
compressor-suction line
+small condenser) kg
1.0
1.05 (Clarion)
Tightening torques for the compressor
15 (11) forClarion
15 (1,1) for Clarion
Suniso
5GS, Texaco, Capella E(WF100)
BP, Energol LPT100
Refrigeration compressoroil
34-42 (25-31)
8-12 (6-9)
15-20 (11-31)
30-34 (22-25)
12-17 (9-13)
Saab900
Nm (Ibfft)
Nm (Ibfft)
Nm (Ibfft)
Nm (Ibfft)
Nm (Ibfft)
Alternative makes
Oil
Clutch centre nut
CyclingClutch,
1980:
Oil fillerplug:
Cylinderhead bolts:
Completeservicevalve:
Viscosity (100cSt)
Type
CyclingClutch asfrom
1981model:
028-2 Technical data

Technical data' 028-3
Tightening torques for refrigerant hoses I
Delco VIR system
Model year
1979-80
Condenser- VIR assembly:
Condenser Nm
(Ibfft)
14-29 (10-21)
VIR assembly Nm
(Ibfft)
. 14-20 (10-15)
Condenser-Compressor:
Condenser Nm
(Ibfft) 33-40 (24-:30)
Compressor Nm
(Ibfft) 33-40 (24-30)
VIR assembly -Compressor:
VIR assembly Nm
(Ibfft)
41-48 (30-35)
Compressor Nm
(Ibfft)
41-48 (30-35)
Servicevalve Nm
(Ibfft)
17-19 (13-14)
VIR assemblyconnectionsto
the evaporator
Large coupling Nm
(Ibfft)
38-45 (28-33)
Smaller coupling Nm
(Ibfft)
20-27 (15-20)
1Small coupling Nm
(Ibfft)
7-10 (5-7)
1
1Delco
Cycling Clutch system
Model year 1980
Condenser-Dryerreceiver:
Condenser Nm
(Ibfft)
14-20 (10-15)
Dryerreceiver Nm
(Ibfft)
14-20 (10-15)
Condenser-Compressor:
Condenser Nm
(Ibfft) 33-40 (24-30)
Compressor Nm
(Ibfft)
33-40 (24-30)
Dryerreceiver-Expansion valve:
Dryerreceiver Nm
(Ibfft) 14-20 (10-15)
Expansionvalve Nm (Ibfft) 14-20 (10-15)
Evaporator-Compressor:
Evaporator Nm
(Ibfft)
36-43 (27-32)
Compressor Nm
(Ibfft)
36-43 (27-32)
Servicevalve Nm (Ibfft)
17-19 (13-14)
Expansionvalve, connection to
theevaporator Nm (Ibfft) 21-27 (15-20)
Expansionvalve, compensating pipe
coupling
Nm (Ibfft)
7-10 (5-7)
Saab900

028-4
Technical data
IiSankyo cycling clutch
system
Model year
1981-
Condenser-Dryerreceiver:
Condenser
Nm (Ibfft)
14-20 (10-15)
Dryerreceiver
Nm (Ibfft)
14-20 (10-15)
Condenser-Compressor: Compressor
with PAC connection
. ! Condenser Nm
(Ibfft)
21-28 (15-21) All
8202 and 8201 from and including
; I )Compressor Nm
(Ibfft)
25-30 (18-22)
1986 years model (not single carbure-
tor):
22-27 Nm (16-20 Ibfft).
Dryerreceiver-Expansionvalve: Washer Part No.
8073108 should be
Dryerreceiver Nm
(Ibfft)
14-20 (10-15) placed between thescrewhead and the
Expansion va Ive
Nm (Ibfft)
14-20 (10-15)
PAC connection-
Evaporator-Compressor: i
IIEvaporator
Nm (Ibfft)
28-39 (21-29)
~
ICompressor Nm
(Ibfft)
30-34 (22-25)
Expansionvalve, connection to
the evaporator
Nm (Ibfft)
21-27 (15-20) ,
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Expansionvalve, compensating pipe
~
coupling
Nm (Ibfft)
7-10(5-7)
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IClarion
Cycling Clutch system
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ICondenser-Dryerreceiver:
Condenser
Nm (Ibfft) 15 (11)
Dryerreceiver Nm
(Ibfft)
15 (11)
ICondenser-Compressor:
Condenser
Nm (Ibfft)
25 (18)
iCompressor
Nm (Ibfft)
30 (22)
i
IDryerreceiver-Expansion
va Ive:
IDryerreceiver
Nm (Ibfft)
20 (15)
Expansionvalve Nm (Ibfft)
20 (15)
IEvaporator-Compressor: 4
IEvaporator
Nm (Ibfft) 35 (26)
iICompressor
Nm (Ibfft) 35 (26)
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IExpansionvalve,
connection to
the evaporator
Nm (Ibfft)
25 (18)
iExpansionvaIve, compensatingpipe
I
coupling Nm (Ibfft)
10 (7)
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Saab900

Special tools 108-1
I
S 8223
57592
El
S ]595
S8222
8393399 Puller, rotor, compressor
8393282 Guide, rotor (Robinair 10471-1)
8393290 Drift, magnetic clutch, (Robinair
10472)
8393308 Installing-tool (KMJ 9480-01)
8393373 Key, removal of front plate, com-
pressor
S 150,
Special tools
Fixture, compressor
Saab900
8393233
8393241 Sleeve, to replace magnetic
clutch, KMJ 9399
8393274 Puller, rotor (Robinair 10471-1)
8393258 Puller, magnetic clutch (KMJ
9401)
8393266 Hook wrench, holding tool
(Robinair 10418)
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108-2 Special tools
58226
"
8393381
Puller,'front plate, compressor
8393662
Puller. For the removal of the
driver
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8471054
Screwdriver with hexagonal drive
for removing the temperature
control valve
as from the 1980
models
8393670 Socket. For undoing and tighten-
ing pulleysecuring nut
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0--11)'-
Fitting tool (two hooks). Se
8393738
Fitting tool (three hooks). Used
for removing and fittingthe shaft
seal. Since two differenttypes of
shaft s~al are'used, two different
types
of tool are necessary
8393688
8393738
Clamp. Used to stop the clutch
from turning
when undoing or
tightening the centre nut
Adapter, compressor
S8225
Installing drift, compressor
58224
8393654
8393407
8393415
Saab900

8393696
8393704
8393712
Pliers. Used for removing and fit-
ting the seal
Press sleeve.
Used for pressing
the
felt ring onto the shaft
Protective sleeve. Should be fit-
ted onto the shaft to avoid
damagingthe shaftseal
Special tools 108-3
I
Other equipment
Refco type 11705 filling station
Type TIF 5000 leakage detector
Saab900

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Heating and ventilation system, air conditioning system 854-1
Heating and ventilation system, air condition-
ingsystem
Functional description
The air is drawn by the fan through the air intake
on the right-hand side of the bonnet or is forced
into the
inlet by the ram effect when the car is
travelling.
The airthen flows through an efficient
filter which arrests particles of dustand dirt. The
air then continues through the fan casing and
heat exchanger and flows through various ducts
to outlets
in the facia and at the floor. Air from
the interior is exhausted through special
air out-
lets in the luggage compartment.
Air flow, heating and ventilation system
Saab 900

854-2 Heating and ventilation system, air conditioning system
Saab 900
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The heating system is controlled as follows:
1Vacuum-controlled dampers for guiding the
flow
of airthrough the system.
2Thermostatically controlled, manually ad-
justable temperature control valve for con-
trolling the flow
of engine coolant through
the heat exchanger.
3Switch for controlling the fan speed.
The fan switch can be set for three different fan
speeds.
The switch has no "off" position, and the
fan will therefore always be running, whenever
thevacuum distributor is operative.
When the air
distribution control is
set to "0", the supply cir-
cuit to the fan will
be opened, regardless of the
fan switch position. These functions are control-
led
by microswitchesactuated by the airdistribu-
tion control knob.
-- ....
1
1Air intake
2Filter
3
Fan motor
4Heat exchanger
5 Temperature control valve
Positions~and ~ of the airdistribution
control are intended for the air conditioning unit
that can be incorporated into the ordinary heat-
ing and ventilation system.
In cars notequipped
with
an air conditioning system, these positions
are used only for supplying fresh air.
As from the 1984 models, cars with an air condi-
tioning system includes amanually controlled
air recirculation feature. Air recirculation is
started automatically when the air distribution
control is setto
~
Note
Air recirculation should not be used in cold·
weather, since
it may give rise to misting and
frosting
of the windows.
7
9
6Air distribution control
7Vacuum servo, single-stage
8Vacuum servo, tWo-stage
9Vacuum-controlled air dampers

Heating and ventilation system,
air
conditioning system
854-3
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Apart from air to the central panel outlet, all air
passes through the,heat exchanger.
The
panel
outlets can
be
closed and opened individually
and, consequently,
if
the central panel outlet is
shut, all air entering the car can be heated.
In
cars with air conditioning, the temperature con-
trol is used
to
regulate the temperature
of
the in-
coming cooled air.
The
outer defroster nozzles
for the side windows cannot be closed.
1Switch for fan motor
2Temperature control
3Air distribution control (vacuum distributor)
4Recirculation switch (as from the
1984
model)
5
AC
switch (as from the
1981
model)
6Centre air outlet
7Damper control
8Side window defroster
9Damper control, out er
air
outlet
10
Outer air outlet
Flow of air
at
differentsettings
of
the
air
distribution control
Position
@
No
currentto fan motor. All airvalves closed, al-
though leakage
of
air will occur through defros-
ter
and outer panel vents.
As
from
1984
models, all vents closed in cars
with air conditioning.
5 G
314
l
Saab
900

854-4 Heating and ventilation system, air conditioning system
, i
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Position ~ Fresh air (AC max)
Currentto fan motor, high speed.
No regulation of fan speed possible.
Air valves
to floor and outer and central panel
vents open.
Defroster outlet closed, but some flow
of air.
1979 - 80 models with air conditioning system:
Compressor in operation, dampers for floor out-
lets closed. Recirculation of the air in the in-
terior.
As from the 1981 models: Separate switch pro-
vided for the air conditioning system. Recircula-
tion of the air in the interior.
5 G 319
.......... ", .
Vents 2,6,8 and 9open (8 and 9partiallyopen).
Carswith airconditioning: vents 8and 9closed.
Vents 2and 6open and 8and 9partially open.
Carswith airconditioning: vents8
and 9closed.
Defroster
outlet closed, but some flow of air.
1979 - 80 models with air conditioning system:
Compressor in operation, flaps for floor outlets
closed.
As from the 1981 model: Separate switch pro·
vided for the air conditioning system.
Fresh air (AC fresh)Position ~
See page 852-2 for particulars of the vacuum
servo location.
Current to fan motor. Regulation
of fan speed
possible.
Valves for outer and central panel vents open.
Valves forfloor area partially open.
See page
852-2 for particulars of the vacuum
servo location.
Saab900
Vacuum servos 1, 5and 7operative (7: first
stage). Cars with air conditioning: vacuum servo
7not operating.
Vacuum servos 1, 5and 7operative (7: first
stage). Cars with air conditioning: vacuum servo
7
not operating.
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Heating and ventilation system,
air
conditioning system
854-5
.~
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Defroster and outer panel vents closed but leak-
age pastvalves.
positio~
VVentilation
Current to fan motor. Regulation
of
fan speed
possible.
Air valves to floor and central panel vents open.
See page
852-2
for particulars
of
the vacuum
servo location.
Vacuum servos 5
and
7operative
7
in
the
first
stage Airvalves
6,8
and
9open
(8 and 9partially"open)
Position
~
Floor
Current
to
fan motor. Regulation
of
fan speed
possible.
Air valves
to
floor open.
Defroster, outer
and
central panel vents closed,
leakage
of
air past defroster and outer panel
ventvalves.
See
page
852-2
for particulars
of
the
vacuum
servo location.
Vacuum servo 7operative
(second stage) Air valves 8
ar.Jd
9wide open
Saab900

- 854-6 Heating and ventilation system, air conditioning system
1','1
,
Position ~ Comfort
Current to fan motor. Regulation of fan speed
possible. Defroster valves open. Floor, outer and central
panel vents closed,
but air leakage past outer
panel vent valves
5 G 315
" fkD
Airvalves 4,8 and9 open
(8 and 9wide open)
Vacuum servos 3and 7operative
(7 second stage)
See page
852-2 for particulars of the vacuum
servo location.
See page 852-2 for particulars of the vacuum
servo location.
Vacuum servo 3operative Airvalves 4open
Saab900
Current to fan 'motor. Regulation of fan speed
possible.
Defroster valves open. Floor, outer and central
panel vents closed, butleakage pastouterpanel
ventvalves.
Cars with air conditioning model
1979-80: Com-
pressor running.
Position ~ Defroster
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Heating and ventilation system, air conditioning system 854-7
Air conditioning system (AC)
The function ofthe air conditioningsystem in the
car isto reduce the temperature insidethe
carto
acomfortable level when the outside tempera-
ture is high.
In wet weather, the
AC system can also keep the
windscreen and sidewindows demisted, withthe
fan running at low speed, even under the most
difficult conditions.
The AC system does not produce cold air but ex-
tracts heatfrom the air inside the car.
Since heat always flows from ahotter body
to a
cooler one, amedium whose temperature is
lowerthan that
of the air insidethe car isused to
carry the heat away.
The medium used is aliquid (Freon orrefrigerant
R12) which boilsand vaporizes
at alowtempera-
ture (-30°C
at atmospheric pressure).
At agiven volume
of refrigerant, there is acon-
stant relationship between pressure and
temperature, which means, for instance,
that if
there is achange in pressure there will be acor-
responding change in temperature.
It is this
propertythat is utiIized by the AC system.
The refrigerant is circulated round aclosed sys-
tem and areduction in the pressure in thesystem
raises the temperature
of the refrigerant, caus-
ing
itto boil (vaporize). Atthe pressure prevailing
in
this system, the refrigerantvaporizes at an ap-
proximate temperature
of 0-4°C (32-39°F).
However, to change its state from aliquid
to a
gas, the refrigerant
must be supplied with heat.
This heat is taken from the
air surrounding the
evaporator
in which the stated change takes
place. Because this heat is being absorbed by
the refrigerant, the surroundingairbecomes col-
der. This same chilled
air is then blown into the
car
by the ventilation fan. The heatabsorbed by
the refrigerant inside the evaporator is carried to
the engine compartmentwhere it isdissipated in
the air
by acondenser, which is cooled by the
ram air and/or the cooling fan.
The
AC system is of the compressor type, which
means
that acompressor forces the refrigerant
to circulate through
the various system compo-
nents.
Saab900

1Compressor
2Condenser
3Evaporator
4Expansion valve
5Filter/dryer receiver
The Clarion Cycling
Clutch system
Cycling clutch system,
1980 models
Cycling Clutch system, as from the
1981 model
Saab 90'0
Air conditioning unit
1Compressor
2Condenser
3
VIR assembly (suction throttling valve, expansion
valve, filter)
4Evaporator
5Service outlet, low pressure
6Service outlet, high pressure
7Expansion valve
8Receiver shell
VIR-system
Cars are at present fitted with two different sys-
tems which mainly differ in theircontrol function.
During the
1980 models, the "VIR" system was
replaced by
the "Cycling Clutch" system. The
Cycling Clutch system was produced in two ver-
sions, which
differ on the 1980 and 1981 mo-
dels. These are factory- fitted. Athird version -
the Clarion Cycling Clutch system -has also been
fitted to cars.
854-8 Heating and ventilation system, air conditioning system
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