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5.
Background Terms and Definitions
ISP:InternetServiceProvider(ISP)isacompanythatprovidesaccesstotheInternet.
Router/Residential Gateway: A home networking device, used as a gateway to connect devices in the home to the Internet or other WAN. It is an
umbrellaterm,usedtocovermulti‐functionnetworkingcomputerappliancesusedinhomes,whichmaycombineaDSLmodemorcablemodem,
anetworkswitch,providingLANswitching,aconsumer‐graderouter,andawirelessaccesspoint.
Wi-Fi: A mechanism for wirelessly connecting electronic devices.
SSID: ServiceSetIDentier(SSID)isanamethatidentiesaparticular802.11wirelessLAN.
WEP:WiredEquivalentPrivacy(WEP)isaweaksecurityalgorithmforwirelessnetworks.WEPisrecognizablebythekeyof10or26hexadecimal
digits; is widely in use and is often the first security choice presented to users by router configuration tools.
WPA/WPA2:Wi-FiProtectedAccess(WPA)andWi‐FiProtectedAccessII(WPA2)aretwosecurityprotocolsandsecuritycerticationprograms
developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance to secure wireless computer networks. The Alliance defined these in response to serious weaknesses researchers
hadfoundintheprevioussystem,WEP(WiredEquivalentPrivacy).
Passphrase:Asequenceofwordsorothertextusedtocontrolaccesstoacomputersystem,itissimilartoapasswordinusage,butisgenerally
longerforaddedsecurity.Passphrasesareparticularlyapplicabletosystemsthatusethepassphraseasanencryptionkey.
LAN:LocalAreaNetwork(LAN)isacomputernetworkthatconnectscomputersanddevicesinalimitedgeographicalareasuchashome,school,
computer laboratory or office building. This would be a connection from the router in the customer’s home to any other computer in their home.
WAN: WideAreaNetwork(WAN)isatelecommunicationnetworkthatcoversabroadarea(i.e.,anynetworkthatlinksacrossmetropolitan,
regional,ornationalboundaries).ThisistheconnectionfromtheInternetServiceProvider(ISP)tothecustomer’srouterintheirhome.
IP address:InternetProtocoladdress(IPaddress)isanumericallabelassignedtoeachdevice(e.g.,computer,printer)participatingina
computernetworkthatusestheInternetProtocolforcommunication.
DHCP: DynamicHostCongurationProtocol(DHCP)isanautomaticcongurationprotocolusedonIPnetworks.
Subnet: isalogicallyvisiblesubdivisionofanIPnetwork.
MAC address: MediaAccessControladdress(MACaddress)isauniqueidentierassignedtonetworkinterfacesforcommunicationsonthe
physical network segment.
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