Seagate MARATHON 1680 User manual

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Marathon 2250
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Marathon 1680
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ATA Interface Drives
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Product Manual
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Marathon 2250 (ST92255AG)
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Marathon 1680 (ST91685AG)
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ATA Interface Drives
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Product Manual
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1997 Seagate Technology, Inc. All rights reserved
Publication Number: 36337-101, Rev. B, March 1997
Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Seagate logo are registered
trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. Marathon and SafeRite are
trademarks of Seagate Technology. Other product names are registered
trademarks or trademarks of their owners.
Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings
or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any
form without written permission from Seagate Technology, Inc.

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Specification summary table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.0 Drive specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Formatted capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1.1 Default logical geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1.2 Supported CHS translation geometries . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Physical organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.3 Recording and interface technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.5 Seek time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.6 Start times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.7 Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.7.1 Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.7.2 Power recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.7.3 Conducted noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.7.4 Voltage tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.7.5 Power-management modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.8 Environmental tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.8.1 Ambient temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.8.2 Temperature gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.8.3 Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.8.4 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.8.5 Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.8.6 Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.9 Drive acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.10 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.11 Agency certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.11.1 Safety certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual iii

1.11.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.11.3 FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.0 Drive mounting and configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2 Jumper settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2.1 Master/slave configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.3 Remote LED configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.4 Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.5 ATA interface connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.0 ATA Attachment-3 Interface (ATA-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.1 ATA interface signals and connector pins . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.1.1 AT bus signal levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2 ATA Interface commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.1 Supported ATA commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.2 Identify Drive command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.3 Set Features command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.2.4 S.M.A.R.T. commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.5 Drive Security commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Appendix. Compatibility Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
iv Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual

Figures
Figure 1. Typical startup and operation current profile. . . . . . . . 9
Figure 2. Connector and master/slave jumper setup . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 3. Drive mounting dimensions—side and bottom view. . . . 20
Figure 4. Drive mounting dimensions—end view . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 5. ATA Interface connector dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 6. I/O pins and supported ATA signals . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual v

vi Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual

Introduction
The Marathon 2250 (ST92255AG) and Marathon 1680 (ST91685AG)
provide very high storage capacity in a small, 17-mm hard disc drive.
Key Features:
•Low power consumption
•Compact, SFF-8200-compatible form-factor
•High rotational speed for fast internal data transfer
•Quiet operation
•SafeRiteshock protection
•Support for PIO modes 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, as well as single-word and
multiword DMA modes 0, 1 and 2
•High instantaneous (burst) data-transfer rates (up to 16.6 Mbytes per
second) using PIO mode 4 and DMA mode 2
•103-Kbyte adaptive multisegmented cache
•Fast caching and on-the-fly error-correction algorithms
•Fast microprocessor for low command overhead
•Support for S.M.A.R.T. drive monitoring and reporting
•Support for drive password security
•Support for Read/Write Multiple commands
•Support for autodetection of master/slave drives using cable-select
(CSEL) and DASP– signals
Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual 1

Specification summary table
The specifications listed in this table are for quick reference. For details
on a specificationmeasurement ordefinition, seethe appropriatesection
of this manual.
Drive Specification Marathon
2250 Marathon 1680
Guaranteed Mbytes (1 Mbyte=106bytes) 2,250 1,680
Guaranteed sectors (LBAmode) 4,394,940 3,282,490
Bytes per sector 512
Default sectors per track 63 63
Default read/write heads 16 16
Default cylinders 4,360 3,256
Physical read/write heads 10 8
Discs 5 4
Recording density (bits/inch, max) 120,000
Track density (tracks/inch) 5,555
Areal density (Mbits/inch2) 666
Spindle speed (RPM) 4,508
Internal data-transfer rate (Mbits/sec max) 60.8
I/O data-transfer rate (Mbytes/sec max) 16.6
ATAdata-transfer modes supported PIO modes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and
multiword DMAmodes 0, 1, 2
Cache buffer (Kbytes) 103
Height (mm max) 17.2
Width (mm max) 70.1
Length (mm max) 100.45
Weight (grams typical) 204 200
Track-to-track seek time (msec typical) 4 (read), 5 (write)
Average seek time (msec typical) 12 (read), 14 (write)
Full-stroke seek time (msec max) 26 (read), 28 (write)
Average latency (msec) 6.65
2 Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual

Drive Specification Marathon
2250 Marathon 1680
Power-on to ready (sec typical) 3.5
Standby to ready (sec typical) 2
Spinup current (peak) 1.3 amps
Read/Write power and current (typical) 2.5 watts, 0.5 amps
Seek power and current (typical) 2.5 watts, 0.5 amps
Idle mode power and current (typical) 1.2 watts, 0.24 amps
Standby mode power and current (typical) 0.3 watts, 0.06 amps
Sleep mode power and current (typical) 0.1 watts, 0.02 amps
Voltage tolerance (including noise) +5 volts, ±5%
Ambient temperature (°C) 5 to 55 (op.), –40 to 70 (nonop.)
Temperature gradient (°C per hour max) 30
Relative humidity (operating) 8% to 80%
(10% per hour max grad.)
Wet bulb temperature (°C max) 29.4 (op.), 40 (nonop.)
Altitude (meters above mean sea level,
max) –300 to 3,040 (op.), –300 to 12,190 (nonop.)
Shock, operating (Gs max) 125 (2 msec)
Shock, nonoperating (Gs max, 2 msec) 350
Vibration (Gs max at 5–400 Hz,
without physical damage or loss of data) 0.75 (op.) 4.0 (nonop.)
Drive acoustics (bels—sound power)
Idle mode (dBA—sound pressure) 3.5 (typical), 3.8 (max) 24 (typical), 28 (max)
Drive acoustics (bels—sound power )
Seek mode (dBA—sound pressure) 3.8 (typical), 4.1 (max) 26 (typical), 30 (max)
Nonrecoverable read errors 1 per 1013 bits read
Mean time between failures
(power-on hours) 300,000
Contact start-stop cycles
(40°C, ambient humidity) 50,000
Service life (years) 5
Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual 3

4 Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual

1.0 Drive specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all specifications are measured under ambient
conditions, at 40°C, at sea level and nominal power.
1.1 Formatted capacity
Marathon 2250 Marathon 1680
Guaranteed Kbytes 2,250,209 1,680,634
Guaranteed sectors
(LBA mode) 4,394,940 3,282,490
Bytes per sector 512 512
Note. DOS systems are not able to access more than 528 Mbytes unless:
1) the host system supports and is configured for LBA addressing
or for extended CHS addressing, or 2) the host system contains a
specialized drive controller, or 3) the host system runs BIOS trans-
lation software. In addition, older BIOSs cannot address more than
2.1 Gbytes (more than 4,096 cylinders) on a single partition. If you
encounter this problem with the ST92255AG, divide the drive into
two partitions or upgrade your BIOS. Please contact your Seagate
representative for additional information.
1.1.1 Default logical geometry
CHS Mode Marathon 2250 Marathon 1680
Sectors per track 63 63
Read/write heads 16 16
Cylinders 4,360 3,256
LBA Mode
When addressing either drive in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are
consecutively numbered from 0 to
n
– 1.
1.1.2 Supported CHS translation geometries
The Marathon 2250 supports any translation geometry that satisfies
all
of the following conditions:
•Sectors per track ≤63
•Read/write heads ≤16
•(Sectors per track) ×
(read/write heads) × (cylinders)
≤4,394,880
Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual 5

The Marathon 1680 supports any translation geometry that satisfies
all
of the following conditions:
•Sectors per track ≤63
•Read/write heads ≤16
•(Sectors per track) ×
(read/write heads)
×(cylinders) ≤3,282,048
1.2 Physical organization
Marathon 2250 Marathon 1680
Read/Write heads 10 8
Discs 5 4
1.3 Recording and interface technology
Interface ATA
Recording method 8/9
Recording density (bits/inch) 120,000
Track density (tracks/inch) 5,555
Areal density (Mbits/inch2) 666
Spindle speed (RPM)
( ±0.5%) 4,508
Internal data-transfer rate
(Mbits per sec max—ZBR) 60.8
I/O data-transfer rate
(Mbytes per sec max) 16.6 (PIO mode 4 with IORDY) 16.6 (multiword DMA mode 2)
Interleave 1:1
Cache buffer (Kbytes) 103
6 Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual

1.4 Physical characteristics
Marathon 2250 Marathon 1680
Maximum height (inches)
(mm) 0.676 (17.2) 0.676 (17.2)
Maximum width (inches)
(mm) 2.76 (70.1) 2.76 (70.1)
Maximum length (inches)
(mm) 3.955 (100.45) 3.955 (100.45)
Typical weight (ounces)
(grams) 7.19 (204) 7.05 (200)
Note. Maximum length excludes I/O connector pins that may extend up
to 0.015 inches beyond the edge of the head/disc assembly, per
SFF 8004 specification.
1.5 Seek time
All seek times are measuredusing a 25 MHz 486 ATcomputer(or faster)
witha8.3MHzI/Obus.Themeasurementsaretakenwithnominalpower
at sea level and 40°C ambient temperature. The specifications in the
table below are defined as follows:
•Track-to-track seek time is an average of all possible single-track
seeks in both directions.
•Averageseektimeisatruestatisticalrandomaverageofatleast5,000
measurements of seeks between random tracks, less overhead.
•Full-stroke seek time is one-half the time needed to seek from the first
data cylinder to the maximum data cylinder and back to the first data
cylinder. The full-stroke typical value is determined by averaging 100
full-stroke seeks in both directions.
Seek type Typical read
(msec) Typical write (msec)
Track-to-track 4 5
Average 12 14
Full-stroke 26 28
Average latency: 6.65 msec
Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual 7

1.6 Start times
Power-on to Ready (sec) 3.5 typical, 7 max
Standby to Ready (sec) 2 typical, 3 max
Idle to Ready (sec) 0.4 max
1.7 Power specifications
The drive receives DC power (+5V) through pin 41 and pin 42 of the AT
interface connector.
1.7.1 Power consumption
Power requirementsfor the drive are listed in the table below. Typicalpower
measurements are based on an average of drives tested under nominal
conditions, using 5.0V input voltage at 40°C ambient temperature at sea
level. Active mode current and power are measured with a 32-msec delay
between each operation and the drive in default logical geometry. Seeking
power and currents are measured during one-third-stroke buffered seeks.
Read/write power and current aremeasured with the heads ontrack, based
on a 16-sector write followed by a 32-msec delay, then a 16-sector read
followed by a 32-msec delay. Spinup power is measured from time of
power-on to time of drive-ready for normal operation. The average peak
represents peak power that is drawn from the battery.
Mode Watts (at nominal voltage) Amps (at nominal voltage)
Typical Max Typical Max
Spinup
Peak (see Figure 1)
Average — 4.0 — —0.8
1.3
—
Active
Read/Write
Seeking 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 0.5 0.5 0.52 0.52
Idle 1.2 1.3 0.24 0.26
Standby 0.3 0.36 0.06 0.072
Sleep 0.1 0.1 0.02 0.02
8 Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual

1.7.1.1 Typical current profile
Figure 1 showsa projected drive startup and operation current profile for
the Marathon 2250 and the Marathon 1680.
Note. The peaks in Figure 1 are the result of inductive kickback from
the commutation of the spindle motor and, therefore, do not draw
power from the battery.
1.7.2 Power recovery
Except during execution of a write command or writing cached data, the
drive’s power can be interrupted without adversely affecting the drive or
previously written data. If power is removed while the drive is performing a
write operation, the integrity of thedata being written cannot be guaranteed.
Note. Donotremovepowerfromthedrivewhiletheinterfacesignalsareac-
tive (at low impedance) because power may enter the input buffers.
1.7.3 Conducted noise
The drive is expected to operate with a maximum of:
•150 mV peak-to-peak triangular-wave injected noise at the power
connector.Thefrequencyis10Hzto100KHzwithequivalentresistive
loads.
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
01234556789101112
Spinup
Upload code
Drive ready
Idle Standby
mode mode Sleep
mode
Active
mode
Current (mA)
Time
(
seconds
)
Figure 1. Typical startup and operation current profile
Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual 9

•100 mV peak-to-peak triangular-wave injected noise at the power
connector. The frequency is 100 KHz to 10 MHz with equivalent
resistive loads.
Note. Equivalent resistance (9.26 ohms) is calculated by dividing the
nominal voltage (5V) by the typical RMS read/write current (0.54
amps).
1.7.4 Voltage tolerance
Voltage tolerance (including noise): +5 volts, ±5%
1.7.5 Power-management modes
Seagate’s Marathon drives provide programmable power management
to enhance battery life and to provide greater energy efficiency. In most
computers, you can control power management through the system
setup program. These drives feature several power-management
modes, which are summarized in the following table and are described
in more detail below:
Mode Heads Spindle Buffer
Active Moving Rotating Enabled
Idle Varies Rotating Enabled
Standby Parked Stopped Enabled
Sleep Parked Stopped Disabled
Active mode. The drive is in Active mode during the read/write and seek
operations.
Idle mode. At power-on, the drive sets the Idle Timer to enter Idle mode
after 5 seconds of inactivity. The drive remains in Idle mode with heads
flying over the media for 15 minutes; then the drivemakesthe transition
to Active mode and seeks to the last-known logical block address, where
it remains for 5 minutes. The drive then seeks to a new, unspecified
location two more times, for 5 minutes each, after which it makes the
transition to Standby mode. In Idle mode, the spindle remains up to
speed, the buffer remains enabled, and the drive accepts all commands
and returns to Active mode whenever a disc access command is re-
ceived.
The drive enters Idle mode when an Idle or Idle Immediate command is
received. The Idle or Idle Immediate command overrides the algorithm
described above. The drive remains in Idle mode until a disc access
commandisreceivedorthestandbytimerexpires,whicheveroccursfirst.
10 Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual

When the standby timer expires, the drive makes the transition to the
Standbymode.Thedriverequiresapproximately100–200msectoreturn
to Active mode from Idle mode.
Standby mode. The drive enters Standby mode when the host sends a
Standby or Standby Immediate command. If the standby command has set
the standby timer, the drive enters Standby mode automatically after the
drive has been inactive for the specified length of time. In Standby mode,
the buffer remains enabled, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest.
The drive accepts all commands and returns toActive mode anytime a disc
access command is received. The drive requires approximately 3 seconds
to return to Active mode from Standby mode.
Sleep mode. The drive enters Sleep mode only after receiving a Sleep
command from the host. The heads are parked and the spindle is at rest.
TheROMand RAMcodesarevalid;however,thecacheisflushedbefore
going to sleep. The drive leaves Sleep mode when either a Hard Reset
interface signal or a Soft Reset signal (Device Control register=04) is
received from the host. After receiving a Soft Reset, the drive exitsSleep
mode and enters Standby mode, with all current emulation and transla-
tionparametersintact.AfterreceivingaHardReset signal,thedriveexits
Sleep mode and enters Active mode. The drive is reinitialized to the
default parameters. This is the same procedure as initial power-on and
requires approximately 7 seconds to complete.
Idle and standby timers. The drive sets the default time delay for the idle
timer at power-on to 5 seconds. If the idle timer reaches zero before any
drive activity is required, the drive makes a transition to Idle mode. Each
time the drive performs an Active function (read, writeor seek), the idleand
standbytimersarereinitializedandbegincountingdownfromtheirspecified
delay times to zero. If the standbytimer hasbeenset and noadditional drive
activity occurs, the drive remains in Idle mode for the time specified in the
standby timer, then enters Standby mode.
If the host has not set the standby timer and no additional drive activity
occurs, the drive remains in Idle mode for 30 minutes, then enters standby
mode. In both Idle and Standby mode, the drive accepts all commands and
returns to Active mode when disc access is necessary.
Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual 11

1.8 Environmental tolerances
1.8.1 Ambient temperature
Operating 5° to 55°C (41° to 131°F)
Nonoperating –40° to 70°C (–40° to 158°F)
Caution. This drive needs sufficient airflow so that the maximum surface
temperature at the center of the top cover of the drive does not
exceed 62 degrees C (144 degrees F).
1.8.2 Temperature gradient
Operating 30°C/hr (86°F/hr) max, without condensation
Nonoperating 30°C/hr (86°F/hr) max, without condensation
1.8.3 Humidity
1.8.3.1 Relative humidity
Operating 8% to 80% noncondensing (10% per hour max)
Storage 8% to 90% noncondensing (10% per hour max)
Transit 5% to 95% noncondensing (10% per hour max)
1.8.3.2 Wet bulb temperature
Operating 29.4°C (85°F) max
Nonoperating 40°C (104°F) max
1.8.4 Altitude
Operating –300 m to 3,040 m (–1,000 ft to 10,000 ft)
Nonoperating –300 m to 12,190 m (–1,000 ft to 40,000 ft)
1.8.5 Shock
For shockspecifications, it isassumedthatthedriveismounted securely
with the input levels at the drive mounting screws. For nonoperating
specifications, it is assumed that the read/write heads are positioned in
the shipping zone.
12 Marathon 2250 and Marathon 1680 Product Manual