Seagate Medalist 2520 User manual

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Medalist 2520
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Ultra ATA Interface Drive
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Product Manual
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Medalist 2520 (ST32520A)
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Ultra ATA Interface Drive
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Product Manual
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© 1997 Seagate Technology, Inc. All rights reserved
Publication Number: SG35087-001, Rev. A, October 1997
Seagate, Seagate Technology, the Seagate logo, Medalist and the
Medalist logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc.
Other product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their
owners.
Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings
or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any
form without written permission from Seagate Technology, Inc.

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Specification summary table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.0 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Formatted capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1.1 Standard configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Physical organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.3 Functional specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Physical dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.5 Seek time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.6 Multisegmented cache buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7 Start and stop times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.8 Typical power-up and power-down sequence . . . . . . . . . 8
1.9 Power-up sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.9.1 Power-down sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.10 Auto-park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.11 Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.11.1 Power management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.11.2 Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.12 Input noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.13 Environmental specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.13.1 Ambient temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.13.2 Temperature gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.13.3 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.13.4 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.14 Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.14.1 Operating shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.14.2 Nonoperating shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.14.3 Operating vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.14.4 Nonoperating vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A iii

1.15 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.16 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.17 Agency listings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.18 Electromagnetic compliance for the European Union . . . 14
1.19 FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.0 Configuring and mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2 I/O cable and connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3 Power connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.4 Options jumper block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.4.1 Master/slave configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.4.2 Alternate capacity jumper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4.3 Cable-select option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4.4 Diagnostics jumper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4.5 Life test jumper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.5 Mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.0 ATA interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.1 ATA Interface connector pin assignments . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2 Command set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.1 Identify Drive command (ECH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.2 Set Features command (EFH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.2.3 Standby timer timeout period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.4 Sleep command (99H, E6H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.5 Automatic reallocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.6 S.M.A.R.T. commands (B0H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.3 Synchronous DMA transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.1. Signal line definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.2 Protocol rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.3 Error register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Appendix. Timing diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
iv Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A

Figures
Figure 1. Typical startup current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 2. ATA interface connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 3. Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 4. Configuration settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 5. Connecting cable-selected drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 6. Mounting dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 7. Ultra ATA interface connector pin assignments . . . . . . 26
Figure 8. Programmed I/O timing (with or without IORDY) . . . . . 39
Figure 9. Multiword DMA timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Figure 10. Sustained synchronous DMA burst . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A v

vi Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A

Introduction
This manual describes the functional, mechanical and interface specifi-
cations for the Medalist®2520 hard disc drive. This drive is referred to
throughout this manual by its model number, ST32520A.
Seagate®desktopproductstakeastepintothefuturewiththeST32520A.
The drive featuresadvanced thin-filmproximity headsand PRMLrecord-
ing technology, Ultra ATA performance, segmented cache, embedded
servo technology, low noise, power management and S.M.A.R.T. capa-
bilities.
Ultra ATA performance means that the drive supports PIO mode 4,
multiword DMA mode 2 transfer modes and synchronous DMA mode.
When the host chooses Ultra DMA mode 2, the drive provides burst-
transfer rates of up to 33.3 Mbytes per second. The drive supports
multiple block read/write, which allows it to store contiguous blocks of
datainits256-Kbytesegmentedcacheandtransfertheblocksinasingle
burst.
The ST32520A has other features that ensure fast data throughput.
Embeddedservotechnologyallowthedrivetopositiontheheadsfordata
retrieval efficiently and accurately while eliminating the periodic thermal
recalibration that can interrupt during data transfers. An intelligent con-
troller provides data streaming: direct data transfers between the drive
and the host without microprocessor intervention. These features allow
for asustaineddata-transferratethatfacilitatesvideoplayback andother
multimedia operations.
The drive supports Active, Idle and Standbypower-managementmodes.
Power-saving modes can be controlled by the host computer. Standby
modereducespowerconsumptionto1.618watts(typical)whileretaining
drive accessibility.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.) is
available on the drive. This feature is discussed on page 35. To use the
feature, you must have a BIOS, a software driver or application software
that supports S.M.A.R.T.
The ATA commands with specific applications for the drive and the
Seagate-unique commands the drive uses are discussed in Section 3.0
on page 25. A complete list of the commands the drive supports is found
in the table on page 27.
Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A 1

The following is a summary of the drive’s features:
Capacity
•2.5 Gbytes formatted
•LBA translation support
•Available software driver that surpasses the 528-Mbyte barrier and
4,092-cylinder barrier limited by some system BIOS
•Available software driver that provides expanded 32-bit disk access
support for Windows 3.
x
Performance
•Ultra ATA (burst transfer rates up to 33.3 Mbytes per second)
•Supports multiword DMA mode 2, PIO mode 4, Ultra DMA mode 2
and multiple block read/write
•256-Kbyte segmented buffer
•13-msec average read seek time
•14.5-msec average write seek time
•Data streaming
•5,411-RPM spindle speed
Energy efficiency
•Active, Idle and Standby power-management modes
•1.618 watt typical power dissipation rating in Standby mode
2 Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A

Specification summary table
The following table serves as a quick reference for the ST32520A
performance specifications. These and other specifications are dis-
cussed in “Specifications” on page 5.
Drive specification ST32520A
Guaranteed capacity (Mbytes) (×106bytes) 2,521
Guaranteed sectors 4,927,104
Bytes per sector 512
Sectors per track 63
Logical read/write heads 16
Logical cylinders 4,888
Physical cylinders 6,420
Physical read/write heads 4
Physical discs 2
Areal density (Mbits per square inch) 848
Data zones 15
Recording density (bits per inch) 125–126K
Track density (tracks per inch) 6,660
Spindle speed (RPM) 5,411
Track-to-track seek time (msec typical) 2.5
Average read seek time (msec typical) 13.0
Average write seek time (msec typical) 14.5
Full-stroke seek time (msec typical) 25
Average latency (msec) 5.54
Internal data-transfer rate
(Mbits per sec max) 57 to 123
continued
Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A 3

Drive specification ST32520A
External transfer rate (Mbytes per sec max)
DMA mode 2
PIO mode
Synchronous DMA mode
16.6
16.6
33.3
Cache buffer (Kbytes) 256
ECC on-the-fly (bits max) 128
Height (inches max) 1.028
Width (inches max) 4.023
Depth (inches max) 5.787
Typical weight (lb) 1.31
Spinup current (max) 1.3A
Seek power (typical) 4.99W
Read/Write power and current (typical) 5.12W
Idle total power (typical) 4.45W
Standby total power (typical) 1.618W
Voltage tolerance (including noise): +5V ±5%
Voltage tolerance (including noise): +12V ±5%
Operating temperature (°C) 5°to 55°C
continued from previouspage
4 Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A

1.0 Specifications
1.1 Formatted capacity
The ST32520A drive supports cylinder-head-sector (CHS) and logical-
blockaddressing(LBA)translationmodes.YoucanusetheIdentifyDrive
(ECH) command to verify the address modes the drive supports, the
number of cylinders, sectors per track, total number of sectors, heads
and other parameters. The Identify drive parameters are listed in Section
3.2.1 on page 29.
NNotes:
1. DOS and FAT 16 cannot access more than 2.147 Gbytes per
partition. Youmustcreatemultiplepartitions toaccessthedrive’s
full capacity.
2. One Mbyte equals one million bytes.
3. If the system BIOS does not support more than 4,092 cylinders,
it may cause the computer to hang during startup, or it may
truncate or wrap the cylinders. To resolve this issue, the system
BIOS needs to be modified: the cylinder register or variable must
be increased from 12 bits to 16 bits to accommodate more than
4,092 cylinders. See Section 2.4.2 on page 21.
1.1.1 Standard configuration
CHS Mode ST32520A
Cylinders 4,888
Heads 16
Sectors 63
Guaranteed sectors 4,927,104
Guaranteed capacity (Mbytes) 2,521
LBA Mode
When addressing the drive in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are con-
secutively numbered from 0 to
n –1.
Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A 5

1.2 Physical organization
Read/write heads 4
Discs 2
1.3 Functional specifications
Interface Ultra ATA-4
Recording method PRML (16/17)
External data burst transfer rate:
DMA mode 2 (Mbytes/sec)
PIO mode 4 (Mbytes/sec)
Ultra DMA mode 2
16.6
16.6
33.3
Internal data-transfer rate (Mbits/sec) 57 to 123
Spindle speed (RPM) 5,411 ± 0.3%
Cache size (Kbytes) 256
Bytes per sector 512
Areal density (Mbits/sq. in) 848
Data zones 15
Recording density, max (BPI) 125–126K
Track density (TPI) 6,600
Note. See Figure 8 on page 39 for PIO timing specifications. See Figure
9 on page 40 and Figure 10 on page 41 for DMA timing specifica-
tions.
6 Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A

1.4 Physical dimensions
The mounting dimensions are shown in Figure 6 on page 24.
Height, max 1.028 inch (26.1 mm)
Width, max 4.02 inches (102.1 mm)
Depth, max 5.787 inches (147mm)
Weight 1.31 lb (594 grams)
1.5 Seek time
Seek value is the interval between the time the actuator begins to move
and the time the head has settled over the target track. Seek time is a
true statistical average of at least 10,000 measurements of seek time.
All measurements are taken under nominal conditions of temperature
and voltage with the drive mounted horizontally. The specifications in the
table below are defined as follows:
•Track-to-track seek time is the average of all possible single-track
seeks in both directions.
•Average seek time is measured by executing seeks in both directions
between random cylinders.
•Full-stroke seek time is half the time needed to seek from track 0 to
the maximum track and back to track 0.
Track-to-track
seek time (typ) Average/typical seek time Full-stroke seek time (typ) Average latency
2.5 msec seek
3.1 msec read
3.5 msec write
11.5 msec seek
13.0 msec read
14.5 msec write
25.0 msec seek
27.0 msec read
30.0 msec write
5.54
Note. Host overhead varies between systems and cannot be specified.
Drive internal overhead is measured by issuing a no-motion seek.
Overhead is typically less than 0.5 msec.
1.6 Multisegmented cache buffer
The ST32520A drive is available with a 256-Kbyte, multisegmented
cache buffer that improves performance by reducing access times.
Read look-ahead. The drive uses the read segments to store additional
logical sectors, after the last requested sector, into a buffer before the
computer requests the additional sectors. The cache buffer stores data
Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A 7

from the start of a read until the buffer segment is full or until another
command is received.
Write immediate. The drive uses the write segment to store write
commands and data. After the drive receives all of the data for the
command, it issues a write complete. Then, the drive writes the data to
the disc.
Write merging. The drive accepts contiguous write commands and
executes them as one command.
1.7 Start and stop times
Within 20 seconds after power is applied, the drive is ready. Within 15
seconds after power is removed, the drive spindle stops rotating.
1.8 Typical power-up and power-down sequence
This section describes typical power-up and power-down sequences to
assist you in evaluating the drive’s performance. They are not perform-
ance specifications. A typical startup current profile is shown in Figure 1.
0
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
02468
Time (seconds)
10 12 14
Current (Amps) 1.4
Figure 1. Typical startup current profile
8 Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A

1.9 Power-up sequence
1.Power is applied to the drive.
2. The spindle motor typically reaches operating speed in about 5
seconds.
3. The magnetic actuator-lock releases the actuator.
4. The drive synchronizes to servo pattern.
5. Calibration routines are performed.
6. The heads move back to track 0 and the drive is ready.
1.9.1 Power-down sequence
Caution. Do not move the drive until the motor has come to a complete
stop.
1. The power is turned off.
2. The read/write heads automatically move to the landing zone, which
is inside the maximum data cylinder.
3. Themagneticactuator-lockmechanismlocksthearm.Thiscompletes
the power-down sequence.
4. Within 5 seconds,the drive spindle stops rotating.
1.10 Auto-park
During power-down, the read/write heads automatically move to the
landing zone. The heads park inside the maximum data cylinder and the
magnetic actuator-lock engages. When power is applied, the heads
recalibrate to track 0.
1.11 Power specifications
1.11.1 Power management
The drive supports Active, Idle and Standbypower-managementmodes.
The power-management commands that the drive supports are listed in
the table on page 29. The table on page 11 shows the average typical
power consumption rates for each power-management mode. The test
criteria for each mode is defined below. The Idle and Standby timers are
disabled by default at the factory.
Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A 9

All measurements were taken at the drive power connector. A true RMS
meter was used to measure all modes except Standby. A DMM is used
for Standby measurements.
1.11.1.1 Active mode
During the Active mode, the drive is involved in spinup, seeking or
read/write activities. The table on page 11 shows the typical power-con-
sumption rates for these activities.
•Spinup. The drive enters the Spinup mode from the Standby mode
and brings the spindle and discs up to operating speed. Power in this
mode is defined as the peak power after starting spinup.
•Seek. The drive enters the Seek mode from the Idle mode. The
read/write heads are moved to a specific location on the disc surface
in preparation for reading from or writing to the disc. Read/write
electronics arepowereddownbutservoelectronicsareactive.Typical
power is defined as the power average of executing random seeks
with a 2-revolution (22.2 msec) dwell between Seek commands.
•Read/write. Read/write mode is entered from Idle mode. Read/write
electronics are activated and the servo is on track. The drive reads
from or writes to the disc.
1.11.1.2 Standby mode
The spindle is stopped, the heads are parked in the landing zone, the
actuator is latched and some of the drive electronics are powered down.
The drive does not enter this mode automatically.
Note. When recovering from Standby or Sleep mode, you must allow
the drive to post ready before reporting a timeout. The drive can
take up to 10 seconds to post ready. In a master and slave
configuration, the master can wait up to 31 seconds for the slave
to complete diagnostics before posting ready.
1.11.1.3 Sleep mode
The drive enters Sleep mode after receiving a Sleep command from the
host. The heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive leaves
Sleep mode after it receives a Hard reset or Soft reset from the host.
After receiving a soft reset, the drive exits Sleep mode and enters
Standby mode. After a hard reset, the drive exits Sleep mode and enters
Active mode.
10 Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A

1.11.2 Power consumption
In the table below,the valuesapply atthe drive powerconnector.Current
was measured with an RMS DC ammeter.
Spinup Seek Read/ write Idle Standby Sleep
Current at +12V
Amps max 1.3A — — — — —
RMS amps typ — 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.014 0.013
Watts typ — 3.24 3.12 3.0 0.168 0.156
Current at +5V
RMS amps typ 0.60A 0.35 0.40 0.29 0.29 0.16
Watts typ — 1.75 2.0 1.45 1.45 0.8
Power
Total watts typ — 4.99W 5.12W 4.45W 1.618W 0.956W
1.12 Input noise
+5V +12V
Voltage tolerance
(including noise) ±5% ±5%
Input noise frequency
(max) 10 Hz to 100 KHz 100 KHz to 10 MHz
Input noise
(max, peak-to-peak) 150 mV 100 mV
Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A 11

1.13 Environmental specifications
1.13.1 Ambient temperature
Operating 5°to 55°C(41°to 131°F)
Nonoperating –40°to 70°C (–40°to 158°F)
Note. The system must provide sufficient airflow to maintain a
surface termperature of the aluminum base below 60°C.
1.13.2 Temperature gradient
Operating 30°C per hour
Nonoperating 40°C per hour
1.13.3 Altitude
Operating –200 ft. to 10,000 ft. (–61m to 3,048 m)
Nonoperating –200 ft. to 40,000 ft. (–61m to 12,2000 m)
1.13.4 Relative humidity
Operating 8% to 90% noncondensing
Maximum wet bulb 29.4°C (85°F)
Maximum operating
gradient 30% per hour
Nonoperating 5% to 95% noncondensing
Maximum wet bulb 40°C (104°F)
1.14 Shock
All shock and vibration specifications assume that the drive is mounted
securelywiththeinputshockappliedatthedrivemountingscrews.Shock
may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
1.14.1 Operating shock
These drives comply with the performance levels specified in this docu-
ment when subjected to a maximum operating shock of 10.0 Gs (based
12 Medalist 2520 Product Manual, Rev. A