Systran SCRAMNet SC150 User manual

SCRAMNetÒ
ÒÒ
Ò+
++
+Network
Media User’s Guide
Document No. D-T-MU-MEDIA###-A-0-A7

FOREWORD
The information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate; however, no
responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies. Systran reserves the right to make changes without notice.
Systran makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this printed material, including, but not limited to,
the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
ãCopyright 2002 Systran Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
®is a registered trademark of Systran Corporation.
SCRAMNetÒis a registered trademark of Systran Corporation. U.S. patent #4,928,289
STÒis a registered trademark of the AT&T Corporation.
ULTRA FOX™ is a trademark of the Optical Cable Corp.
Any reference made within this document to equipment from other vendors does not constitute an
endorsement of their product(s).
Revised: January 22, 2002
Systran Corporation
4126 Linden Avenue
Dayton, OH 45432-3068 USA
[phone] (U.S. only)
[phone]

Copyright 2002 i MEDIA USER’S GUIDE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 How To Use This Manual.........................................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 Purpose...................................................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 Scope......................................................................................................................1-1
1.1.3 Style Conventions ..................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Related Information ..................................................................................................................1-1
1.3 Quality Assurance.....................................................................................................................1-1
1.4 Technical Support .....................................................................................................................1-2
1.5 Ordering Process.......................................................................................................................1-2
2. PRODUCT OVERVIEW ...........................................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Transmitter and Receiver Pairs ..............................................................................2-1
2.1.2 Network Cabling....................................................................................................2-1
2.1.3 Connectors .............................................................................................................2-1
3. MEDIA ACCESS CARDS.........................................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................3-1
3.2 Fiber-Optic MAC......................................................................................................................3-1
3.3 Coaxial MAC............................................................................................................................3-1
3.3.1 Modes of Operation................................................................................................3-2
3.4 Redundant Operation ................................................................................................................3-4
4. COAXIAL CABLE ....................................................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................4-1
4.2 Coaxial Construction ................................................................................................................4-1
4.3 Specifications............................................................................................................................4-2
4.4 Cable Noise...............................................................................................................................4-2
4.4.1 Static Noise ............................................................................................................4-2
4.4.2 Common Mode ......................................................................................................4-2
4.4.3 Crosstalk ................................................................................................................4-2
4.5 SMA Connector ........................................................................................................................4-2
5. FIBER-OPTIC CABLE ..............................................................................................................................5-1
5.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................5-1
5.2 Fiber Construction ....................................................................................................................5-1
5.2.1 Multimode Cable....................................................................................................5-1
5.2.2 Singlemode Cable ..................................................................................................5-1
5.2.3 Protective coating...................................................................................................5-1
5.2.4 Nomenclature .........................................................................................................5-3
5.3 Specifications............................................................................................................................5-3
5.3.1 Standard Link Fiber-Optic Specifications ..............................................................5-3
5.3.2 Long Link Fiber-Optic Specifications....................................................................5-3
5.3.3 Fibre-Optic Cables .................................................................................................5-4
5.4 Cleaning....................................................................................................................................5-5
5.5 Fiber-optic Connectors..............................................................................................................5-5
5.5.1 Connector Requirements........................................................................................5-5
5.5.2 ST Connector .........................................................................................................5-6
6. FIBER OPTIC BYPASS SWITCH ............................................................................................................6-1
6.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................6-1
6.2 Functionality.............................................................................................................................6-1
6.3 Benefits.....................................................................................................................................6-1
6.4 Bypass Mode ............................................................................................................................6-2
6.5 Inserted Mode ...........................................................................................................................6-2
6.6 Considerations ..........................................................................................................................6-3
7. PERFORMANCE.......................................................................................................................................7-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright 2002 ii MEDIA USER’S GUIDE
7.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................7-1
7.2 Fiber-optic Cable ......................................................................................................................7-1
7.2.1 Light-Power Budget...............................................................................................7-1
7.2.2 Bandwidth-Length Budget .....................................................................................7-2
7.2.3 Signal Skew ...........................................................................................................7-3
7.3 Coaxial Cable............................................................................................................................7-5
8. BIT-ERROR RATE....................................................................................................................................8-1
8.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................8-1
8.1.1 Signal-to-noise Ratio..............................................................................................8-1
8.1.2 Calculations............................................................................................................8-2
8.1.3 Tables.....................................................................................................................8-2
FIGURES
Figure 3-1 Fiber-Optic MAC..........................................................................................................................3-1
Figure 3-2 Coaxial Media Access Card ..........................................................................................................3-2
Figure 3-3 Redundant Transceiver Operations ...............................................................................................3-4
Figure 3-4 Cabinet Kit with Dual Media Access Cards..................................................................................3-6
Figure 4-1 Coaxial Construction.....................................................................................................................4-1
Figure 4-2 Coaxial Dimensions ......................................................................................................................4-1
Figure 4-3 SMA Connector ............................................................................................................................4-2
Figure 5-1 Fiber-optic Cable (side view)........................................................................................................5-2
Figure 5-2 Fiber-optic Cable (end view).........................................................................................................5-2
Figure 5-3 ST Connector – 3M Model 6100...................................................................................................5-6
Figure 6-1 Ring with Bypass Switches...........................................................................................................6-2
Figure 6-2 Fiber Optic Bypass Switch Connections .......................................................................................6-4
Figure 7-1 Data Flow......................................................................................................................................7-4
TABLES
Table 7-1 Typical Connector Losses ..............................................................................................................7-2
Table 7-2 Examples Of Fiber-optic Extender Cable Order Numbers .............................................................7-3
Table 8-1 Bit-Error Rate Calculation Table 1.................................................................................................8-3
Table 8-2 Bit-Error Rate Calculation Table 2.................................................................................................8-3
Table 8-3 Bit-Error Rate Calculation Table 3.................................................................................................8-4
Table 8-4 Bit-Error Rate Calculation Table 4.................................................................................................8-4

Copyright 2002 1-1 MEDIA USER’S GUIDE
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 How To Use This Manual
1.1.1 Purpose
This document describes the network cabling hardware accessories for the SCRAMNet+
Network.
1.1.2 Scope
This manual provides information about the Media Access Card (MAC), coaxial cable,
fiber-optic cable, the Fiber Optic Bypass Switch, fiber-optic cable performance, and bit-
error rate.
This information is intended for systems designers, engineers and network installation
personnel. You need at least a systems level understanding of general computer
processing, and hardware operation to effectively use this manual.
1.1.3 Style Conventions
· Hexadecimal values are written with a “0x” prefix. For example, 0x03FF.
· Switch, signal and jumper abbreviations are in capital letters. For example,
RSW1, J5, etc.
· Register bits and bit ranges are specified by the register identification followed
by the bit or range of bits in brackets [ ]. For example, CSR6[4], CSR3[15:0],
ACR[1,2].
· Bit values are shown in single-quotes. For example, set bit 15 to ‘1.’
1.2 Related Information
SCRAMNet Network Cabinet Kit Hardware Reference (Doc. No. D-T-MR-CABKIT) - A
physical and functional description of the Compact and Expanded cabinet kits, including
installation.
1.3 Quality Assurance
Systran Corporate policy is to provide our customers with the highest quality products
and services. In addition to the physical product, the company provides documentation,
sales and marketing support, hardware and software technical support, and timely product
delivery. Our quality commitment begins with product concept, and continues after
receipt of the purchased product.
Systran’s Quality System conforms to the ISO 9001 international standard for quality
systems. ISO 9001 is the model for quality assurance in design, development, production,
installation and servicing. The ISO 9001 standard addresses all 20 clauses of the ISO
quality system, and is the most comprehensive of the conformance standards.
Our Quality System addresses the following basic objectives:
· Achieve, maintain and continually improve the quality of our products through
established design, test, and production procedures.

INTRODUCTION
Copyright 2002 1-2 MEDIA USER’S GUIDE
· Improve the quality of our operations to meet the needs of our customers,
suppliers, and other stakeholders.
· Provide our employees with the tools and overall work environment to fulfill,
maintain, and improve product and service quality.
· Ensure our customer and other stakeholders that only the highest quality product
or service will be delivered.
The British Standards Institution (BSI), the world’s largest and most respected
standardization authority, assessed Systran’s Quality System. BSI’s Quality Assurance
division certified we meet or exceed all applicable international standards, and issued
Certificate of Registration, number FM 31468, on May 16, 1995. The scope of Systran’s
registration is: “Design, manufacture and service of high technology hardware and
software computer communications products.” The registration is maintained under BSI
QA’s bi-annual quality audit program.
Customer feedback is integral to our quality and reliability program. We encourage
customers to contact us with questions, suggestions, or comments regarding any of our
products or services. We guarantee professional and quick responses to your questions,
comments, or problems.
1.4 Technical Support
Technical documentation is provided with all of our products. This documentation
describes the technology, its performance characteristics, and includes some typical
applications. It also includes comprehensive support information, designed to answer any
technical questions that might arise concerning the use of this product. We also publish
and distribute technical briefs and application notes that cover a wide assortment of
topics. Although we try to tailor the applications to real scenarios, not all possible
circumstances are covered.
Although we have attempted to make this document comprehensive, you may have
specific problems or issues this document does not satisfactorily cover. Our goal is to
offer a combination of products and services that provide complete, easy-to-use solutions
for your application.
If you have any technical or non-technical questions or comments, contact us. Hours of
operation are from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Standard/Daylight Time.
· Phone: [phone] or [phone]
· E-mail: [email protected]
· Fax: [phone]
· World Wide Web address: www.systran.com
1.5 Ordering Process
To learn more about Systran products or to place an order, please use the following
contact information. Hours of operation are from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern
Standard/Daylight Time.
· Phone: [phone] or [phone]
· E-mail: [e-mail]
· World Wide Web address: www.systran.com

Copyright 2002 2-1 MEDIA USER’S GUIDE
2. PRODUCT OVERVIEW
2.1 Overview
Cabling a SCRAMNet+ Network involves four hardware elements:
· The specific transmitter and receiver pairs used by SCRAMNet+
· The fiber-optic cable, which comes in various diameters and optical quality, or
the optional coaxial cable
· The connectors used to link the cable to the transmitter or receiver. Connectors
may also be used to pass the cable through a bulkhead. Connectors also are used
to hook separate cables together into one longer cable. However, this causes
additional power loss and should be avoided.
2.1.1 Transmitter and Receiver Pairs
The transmitter and receiver pairs provide an interface between the network ring and the
SCRAMNet Network node. The fiber-optic transmitter and receiver pairs convert the
incoming light signals to electronic signals, and outgoing electronic signals to light
signals. The coaxial transmitter and receiver pairs convert incoming 50-ohm terminated
single-ended signals to 100 K Emitter Coupled Logic (ECL) differential drive-and-sense
signals, and reverses the process for outgoing signals. The transmitter and receiver pairs
may be on a MAC depending on the SCRAMNet+ product. The MAC can be configured
to completely isolate the node from the network ring.
2.1.2 Network Cabling
The ring topology and bi-polar transmission protocol dictates that there must be two
transmitters and two receivers on each network node. This requires two cable pairs
connecting each node into the network.
Two types of cable are offered: fiber-optic and coaxial cable. Cabling is chosen based on
the distances involved in the application, and whether radio frequency interference (RFI)
or electromagnetic interference (EMI) is likely. Fiber-optic cabling will eliminate the
effects of this interference on the network, where coaxial cabling will not. Coaxial cable
can be used in networks where RFI and EMI are not present in sufficient intensity to
interfere.
2.1.3 Connectors
The fiber-optic cable uses the STâtype connector. The coaxial cable uses the SMA type
connector.

PRODUCT OVERVIEW
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