tams elektronik GBM-1 User manual

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GBM-1
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Gleisbesetztmelder n
Track Busy Indicator n
Indicateur d’occupation n
Railbezetmelder n
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nAnleitung
nManual
nMode d´emploi
nHandleiding
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Art.-Nr. 21-01-026 / 22-01-026 n
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nDeutsch 3
nEnglish 20
nFrançais 35
nNederlands 51
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© 09/2006 Tams Elektronik GmbH
Alle Rechte, insbesondere das Recht
der Vervielfältigung und Verbreitung
sowie der Übersetzung vorbehalten.
Vervielfältigungen und Reproduktionen
in jeglicher Form bedürfen der
schriftlichen Genehmigung durch die
Tams Elektronik GmbH.
Technische Änderungen vorbehalten.
© 09/2006 Tams Elektronik GmbH
All rights reserved. No part of this
publication may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, without prior
permission in writing from Tams
Elektronik GmbH.
Subject to technical modification.
© 09/2006 Tams Elektronik GmbH
Tout droits réservés, en particulier les
droits de reproduction et de diffusion
ainsi que le traduction. Toute
duplication ou reproduction sous
quelque forme que ce soit nécessite
l´accord écrit de la societé Tams
Elektronik GmbH.
Sous réserve de modifications
techniques.
© 09/2006 Tams Elektronik GmbH
Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit
deze publicatie mag worden
vermenigvuldigd opgeslagen of
openbaar gemaakt, zonder
voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming
van Tams Elektronik GmbH.
Technische wijzigingen voorbehouden.
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English GBM-1
Page 20
Table of contents
How to use this manual 21
Intended use 21
Safety instructions 22
EMC declaration 24
Operation overview 24
Technical specifications 25
Checking the package contents 25
Required tools and materials 25
Safe and correct soldering 26
Assembling the kit 27
Performing a visual check 30
Performing a functional test 31
Connecting the track busy indicator 32
FAQ 33
Manufacturer's note 33
Certification 33
Conditional warranty 34
Parts list I.1
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) layout (Fig. 1) I.2
Circuit Diagram (Fig. 2) II
Connections (Fig. 3) III
(Pages I to III in the centre of this handbook are removeable.)

GBM-1 English
Page 21
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How to use this manual
If you have no specialist technical training, this manual gives step-by-
step instructions for safe and correct assembly of the kit and fitting of
the ready-built module, and operation. Before you start, we advise you
to read the whole manual, particularly the chapter on safety
instructions and the FAQ chapter. You will then know where to take
care and how to prevent mistakes which take a lot of effort to correct.
Keep this manual safely so that you can solve problems in the future. If
you pass the kit or the ready-built module on to another person, please
pass on the manual with it.
Intended use
Caution:
Integrated circuits are very sensitive to static electricity. Do not touch
components without first discharging yourself. Touching a radiator or
other grounded metal part will discharge you.
The kit or the ready-built module can be assembled or operated using
this manual. The ready-built module is designed for use in model
railways. It indicates occupied tracks on four independent track
sections.
The kit and the ready-built module should not be assembled or fitted by
children under the age of 14.
Reading, understanding and following the instructions in this manual
are mandatory for the user.
Any other use is inappropriate and invalidates any guarantees.

English GBM-1
Page 22
Safety instructions
Mechanical hazards
Cut wires can have sharp ends and can cause serious injuries. Watch
out for sharp edges when you pick up the PCB.
Visibly damaged parts can cause unpredictable danger. Do not use
damaged parts: recycle and replace them with new ones.
Electrical hazards
§Touching powered, live components,
§touching conducting components which are live due to malfunction,
§short circuits,
§connecting the circuit to another voltage than specified,
§impermissibly high humidity,
§condensation build up
can cause serious injury due to electrical shock. Take the following
precautions to prevent this danger:
§Never perform wiring on a powered module.
§Assembling and mounting the kit should only be done in closed,
clean, dry rooms. Beware of humidity.
§Only use low power for this module as described in this manual and
only use certified transformers.
§Connect transformers and soldering irons only in approved mains
sockets installed by an authorised electrician.
§Observe cable diameter requirements.
§After condensation build up, allow a minimum of 2 hours for
dispersion.
§Use only original spare parts if you have to repair the kit or the
ready-built module.

GBM-1 English
Page 23
Fire risk
Touching flammable material with a hot soldering iron can cause fire,
which can result in injury or death through burns or suffocation.
Connect your soldering iron or soldering station only when actually
needed. Always keep the soldering iron away from inflammable
materials. Use a suitable soldering iron stand. Never leave a hot
soldering iron or station unattended.
Thermal danger
A hot soldering iron or liquid solder accidentally touching your skin can
cause skin burns. As a precaution:
§use a heat-resistant mat during soldering,
§always put the hot soldering iron in the soldering iron stand,
§point the soldering iron tip carefully when soldering, and
§remove liquid solder with a thick wet rag or wet sponge from the
soldering tip.
Dangerous environments
A working area that is too small or cramped is unsuitable and can cause
accidents, fires and injury. Prevent this by working in a clean, dry room
with enough freedom of movement.
Other dangers
Children can cause any of the accidents mentioned above because they
are inattentive and not responsible enough. Children under the age of 14
should not be allowed to work with this kit or the ready-built module.
Little children can swallow small components with sharp edges, with
fatal results! Do not allow components to reach small children.
In schools, training centres, clubs and workshops, assembly must be
supervised by qualified personnel.
In industrial institutions, health and safety regulations applying to
electronic work must be adhered to.

English GBM-1
Page 24
EMC declaration
This product is developed in accordance with the European standards
EN 55014 and EN 50082-1, tested corresponding to the EC - directive
89/336/EWG (EMVG of 09/11/1992, electromagnetic tolerance) and
meets legal requirements.
To guarantee the electromagnetic tolerance you must take the
following precautions:
§Connect the transformer only to an approved mains socket installed
by an authorised electrician.
§Make no changes to the original parts and accurately follow the
instructions, circuit diagram and PCB layut included with this
manual.
§Use only original spare parts if you have to repair the kit or the
ready-built module.
Operation overview
The module indicates occupied tracks on four independent track
sections. It can be used universally in all systems (d.c. voltage, a.c.
voltage and digital systems).
It is connected between the analogue transformer or the digital central
and the chosen track section and monitors all connected loads (e.g.
engines or carriages with lighting) located on the track section
concerned. Carriages without lighting running on a two-rail system turn
into connected loads if the axle is painted with conducting varnish.
Connected electrical loads located in a switched-off track section can be
detected if an additional resistor is inserted.
Detection is made against ground. Very small currents are sufficient.
Digital check-back decoders can be connected directly to the outputs of
the module.

GBM-1 English
Page 25
Technical specifications
Supply voltage 12-18 Volt a.c. voltage
Current consumption
(without connected loads) approx. 15 mA
Max. current per output 250 mA
Protected to IP 00
Ambient temperature in use 0 - + 60 °C
Ambient temperature in storage -10 - + 80 °C
Comparative humidity allowed max. 85 %
Dimensions approx. 73 x 80 mm
Weight approx. 49 g
Checking the package contents
Check the contents of the package for completeness immediately after
unpacking:
§one kit, containing the components listed in the parts list (see page
I) and one PCB or
§one ready-built module,
§one manaul.
Required tools and materials
Make sure you have the following tools, equipment and materials ready
for use:
§an electronic soldering iron (max. 30 Watt) with a fine tip,
§a soldering iron stand,
§a tip-cleaning sponge,
§a heat-resistant mat,
§a small side cutter and wire stripper,
§tin solder (0,5 mm. diameter),
§wire (diameter: >0,22 mm² for all connections),

English GBM-1
Page 26
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§a pair of tweezers and long nose pliers (not necessary for the
ready-built module),
§a lamp or bulb for the functional test.
Safe and correct soldering
Caution:
Incorrect soldering can cause dangers through fires and heat. Avoid
these dangers by reading and following the directions given in the
chapter Safety instructions. If you have had training in soldering you
can skip this chapter.
§Use a small soldering iron with max. 30 Watt. Keep the soldering tip
clean so the heat of the soldering iron is applied to the solder point
effectively.
§Only use electronic tin solder with flux.
§When soldering electronic circuits never use soldering-water or
soldering grease. They contain acids that can corrode components
and copper tracks.
§Solder quickly: holding the iron on the joints longer than necessary
can destroy components and can damage copper tracks or
soldering eyes.
§Observe correct polarity orientation of semi-conductors, LEDs
electrolytic capacitors and integrated circuits before soldering and
ensure that the solder time does not exceed 5 seconds, otherwise
components can be damaged.
§Apply the soldering tip to the soldering spot in such a way that the part
and the soldering eye are heated at the same time. Simultaneously add
solder (not too much). As soon as the solder becomes liquid take it
away. Hold the soldering tip at the spot for a few seconds so that the
solder flows into the joint, then remove the soldering iron.
§Do not move the component for about 5 seconds after soldering.

GBM-1 English
Page 27
§To make a good soldering joint you must use a clean and
unoxidised soldering tip. Clean the soldering tip with a damp piece
of cloth, a damp sponge or a piece of silicon cloth.
§Cut the wires after soldering directly above the PCB solder side with
a side cutter.
§After placing the parts, please double check for correct polarity.
Check the PCB tracks for solder bridges and short circuits created
by accident. This would cause faulty operation or, in the worst
case, damage. You can remove excess solder by putting a clean
soldering tip on the spot. The solder will become liquid again and
flow from the soldering spot to the soldering tip.
Assembling the kit
You can skip this part if you have purchased a ready-built module.
Preparation
Put the sorted components in front of you on your workbench. The
separate electronic components have the following special features you
should take into account to prevent mistakes in assembling:
Resistors
Resistors reduce current. Their mounting orientation is of no
importance. The value of resistors for smaller power ratings
(under 5 W) is indicated through colour rings. Every colour
stands for another figure.
Value Colour rings
470 Ωyellow - violet - brown (gold)
1,5 kΩ brown - green - red (gold)
10 kΩbrown - black - orange (gold)
47 kΩyellow - violet - orange (gold)
470 kΩyellow - violet - yellow (gold)
The colour ring in brackets indicates the tolerance of the
resistor which here is of no importance.

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Capacitors
Among other things capacitors are used for filtering
interference voltages or as frequency determining parts.
Ceramic capacitors are not polarized, for that reason their
mounting orientation is of no importance. Normally they are
marked with a three-digit number which indicates the value
coded.
Value Number
100 nF 104
Electrolytic capacitors
Electrolytic capacitors are often used to store energy. In
contrast to ceramic capacitors they are polarized. One of the
two leads is marked with a minus sign which indicates the
mounting orientation. The value is given on the casing.
Electrolytic capacitors are available with different voltage
sustaining capabilities. Using an electrolytic capacitor with a
voltage sustaining capability higher than required is always
possible.
Diodes
Diodes allow the current to pass through in one direction only
(forward direction), simultaneously the voltage is reduced by
0,3 to 0,8 V. Exceeding of the limit voltage always will destroy
the diode, and allow current to flow in the reverse direction.
The diode type is printed on the body.
Diodes must be mounted in a given direction. The negative
end is marked with a ring. This is shown in the PCB layout.
Zener diodes
Zener diodes are used for limiting voltages. In contrast to
„normal“ diodes they are not destroyed when the limit voltage
is exceeded.

GBM-1 English
Page 29
Light emitting diodes (LEDs)
When operated in the forward direction the LEDs light. They
are available in several different versions (differing in colour,
size, form, luminosity, maximum current, voltage limits). The
longer lead of wired LEDs is always the anode (positive pole).
Light emitting diodes should always be connected via a series
resistor which limits the current and prevents failure.
Transistors
Transistors are current amplifiers which convert low signals
into stronger ones. They have three contacts. As they are
polarized, they have to be mounted in a certain direction.
The BD types have a flat housing (TO-housing) with the type
designation printed on the front side. The metallic rear is
unlabelled, on the PCB layout the rear is marked by a thick
line.
Integrated circuits (ICs)
Depending on the type, ICs fulfil various tasks. They are
polarized and therefore have to be mounted in a certain
direction. The most common housing form is the so-called
"DIL"-housing, from which 4, 6, 8, 14, 16, 18 or more "legs"
(pins) are arranged along the long sides. The mounting
orientation is shown by a semicircular or circular marking at
the end of the housing, which is also shown on the PCB
layout.
ICs are sensitive to damage during soldering (heat,
electrostatic charging). For that reason in the place of the ICs
IC sockets are soldered in, in which the ICs are inserted later.
The mounting orientation of the sockets is preset as well. The
markings on the PCB, the socket and the IC must lie on top of
each other after mounting.

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Terminal strips
Terminal strips are solder-in screw-type terminals. They provide a
solder-free and safe connection of the cables to the circuit, which can
still be seperated any time. When several terminal strips have to be
mounted side by side, they have to be put together before mounting.
Assembling the kit
Start the assembly with the resistors. First solder the components on
the solder side of the PCB and then cut the excess wires with the side
cutter, as short as possible. Insert the wire bridges Br1 and Br2. Use
the off-cut wires of the resistors.
Continue the assembly with the diodes. Then insert and solder in the
IC-socket, the capacitors, the LEDs and the transistors.
Caution:
Diodes, ICs, electrolytic capacitors and transistors must be placed in the
right direction! If you solder them the wrong way the affected parts can be
damaged when you connect the power. In the worst case the whole circuit
can be damaged. In any case, a wrongly connected part will not function.
Next solder in the terminal strips. Put together the terminal strips
before mounting them. Finally, insert the IC into the soldered IC-socket.
Caution:
Do not touch the ICs without first discharging yourself by touching a
radiator or other grounded metal parts. Do not bend the "legs" of the
ICs when inserting them into the sockets. Check that the markings on
the PCB, the socket and the IC show to the same direction.
Performing a visual check
Due to material defects and/or improper assembly there may be risks of
injury. Transport damage to ready-built modules is also possible. So
you must perform a visual check after the assembly or after unpacking
the module.

GBM-1 English
Page 31
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Caution:
Do not power up the module yet.
Check all nuts, pins and connections as well as the mechanical
connections for correct assembly.
The following points are inapplicable if you have purchased a ready-
built module.
§Remove all loose parts, wire ends or drops of solder from the PCB.
Remove all sharp wire ends.
§Check that solder contacts which are close to each other are not
unintentionally connected to each other. Risk of short circuit!
§Check that all components are polarised correctly.
When you have remedied all faults, go on to the next part.
Performing a functional test
Even if you have purchased a ready-built module, check all functions.
Transport damage can never be excluded.
Caution:
Do not connect the module to the power supply yet.
Check the functions of the module with a test lamp or bulb. Connect
the four functional sections of the track-busy indicator one after the
other with the lamp. Proceed as follows:
There are terminal strips soldered to the in- and outputs. Insert the
connecting cables into the relevant terminals and fasten the screws.
First connect the test lamp with the input E1 and the voltage supply "~" of the
track busy indicator (not with earth!). Connect the module to the transformer.
Follow fig. 3 "connections". Connect the transformer to the mains.
The test lamp and the LED at output A1 should now light. Disconnect
the test lamp from input E1. The LED at output A1 should go off.
Repeat the test with the other three functional sections of the track-
busy indicator.

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Caution:
If a component gets too hot, disconnect the booster and transformer
from the mains immediately. Possible short circuit! Check the assembly
again.
After performing a successful function test, disconnect the track busy
indicator from the voltage supply and continue with the connection of
the module.
Connecting the track busy indicator
Follow the connections diagram fig. 3. First connect the inputs E1 to E4
with the mass connection of the four track sections to be monitored.
Next connect the power supply cables of the track-busy indicator to the
transformer. If not already done, connect ground of the light
transormer with ground of the driving transformer.
Caution:
The ground of the driving transformer must not be connected to any of
the four track sections to be monitored.
You can now connect lamps, LEDs or relays directly to the outputs of
the track-busy indicator. As the outputs switch against ground, it is also
possible to connect digital check-back decoders. In this case follow the
manual for the decoder concerned.
Monitoring of cut off track sections
Track sections to be cut off in operation (e.g. in a shadow station) can
also be monitored with the track busy indicator. For that purpose a
resistor with a value between 1 kΩund 4,7 kΩhas to be mounted in
the wire leading to the concerned track section so that it shunts the
switch when the track section is cut off (s. fig. 3 connection to E4).

GBM-1 English
Page 33
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FAQ
§Parts are getting too hot and/or start to smoke.
Disconnect the system from the mains immediately!
Possible cause: one or more components are soldered incorrectly.
àPerform a visual check.
§The lamps connected to the module do not light.
Possible cause: The voltage supply has been interrupted.
àCheck the connection from the module to the transformer.
Possible cause: One or more lamps are defective.
àCheck the lamps by connecting them directly to the power supply.
Possible cause: The diode D1 is soldered in the wrong direction.
àChange the direction!
§A feedback module connected in series (e.g. s88-feedback module)
does not work reliably.
Possible cause: The LEDs of the track busy indicator create external
voltages which affect the digital feedback module.
àDemount the LEDs from the track busy indicator.
If you cannot find the problem, please return the module for repair
(address on the cover page).
Manufacturer's note
According to DIN VDE 0869, the person who builds this kit or brings the
circuit into operation is the manufacturer of the product. If he sells the
product to another person he is responsible for passing on all the
relevant papers. Domestic appliances assembled from a kit are deemed
industrial products and must comply with health and safety regulations.
Certification
This product conforms with the EC- directive 89/336/EWG on
electromagnetic radiation and is therefore CE certified.

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Conditions of warranty
This product is guaranteed for two years. The warranty includes the
correction of faults which can be proved to be due to material failure or
factory flaw. As we have no control over the correct and proper
assembly and mounting we can only guarantee the quality of the
components and the completeness of kits. We guarantee the function
of the parts according to the parameters in not mounted state as well
as the adherence to the technical specifications of the circuit when
assembled and connected according to the manual.
Other claims are excluded. By law, we are not responsible for damages or
secondary damages in connection with this product. We retain the right to
repair, make improvements, supply spare parts or return the purchase price.
The following invalidate the warranty:
§using an unsuitable soldering iron, solder containing liquid acids or similar,
§if the kit is assembled and soldered poorly, or if damage is caused by not
following the instructions in this manual,
§if the ready-built module has been altered and repair attempts have
failed,
§if arbitrary changes in the circuit are made,
§if the circuitry is changed in any way, through adding or omitting
wiring or components, or through modifying the circuit board,
§if parts other then the original ones delivered with this kit are used,
§if the copper tracks or soldering eyes are damaged,
§when components are mounted incorrectly, or if the components or
the circuit are poled incorrectly, also subsequent damage resulting
from these faults,
§if damage occurs due to an overload of the module,
§if connected to a incorrect voltage or current,
§if damaged by other persons,
§if damaged by faulty operation or if damaged by careless use or abuse,
§if damaged by touching components before electrostatic
discharging of the hands.

GBM-1
Seite - Page - Page - Pagina I.1
Stückliste - Parts list
Nomenclature - Stuklijst
R1 470 Ω
R4, R7, R10, R13,
R14, R16, R18, R20 10 kΩ
R2, R3, R5, R6, R8,
R9, R11, R12 470 kΩ
R15, R17, R19, R21 47 kΩ
Widerstände
Resistors
Résistances
Weerstanden
R22 - R26 1,5 kΩ
C1 - C8 100 nF
C9, C10 220 µF >25 V
Kondensatoren - Condensers
Condensateurs - Condensatoren C11 - C14 22 µF >16 V
D1 1N5400 *
D2 - D26 1N4148 *
Dioden - Diodes
D33 - D40 1N4004 *
Zener-Dioden - Zener diodes
Diodes Zener -Zenerdiodes D27 ZD 12 V *
D28-D31 rot - red
rouge - rood
LEDs - LEDs - DEL - LEDs
D32 grün - green
vert - groen
Transistoren - Transitors T1 - T4 BD679
IC - CI IC1 LM 339 N
IC-Sockel - IC-socket
Soquet CI - IC-voetje 1 x 14-pol.
Anreihklemme - Terminal strips
Borniers - Aansluitklemmen X1 - X3 4 x 3-pol.
* oder ähnlich - or similar - ou équivalent - of gelijkwaardig

GBM-1
Seite - Page - Page - Pagina I.2
Fig. 1: Bestückungsplan - PCB layout
Plan d´implantation - Printplan

GBM-1 GBM-1
Seite - Page - Page - Pagina II Seite - Page - Page - Pagina II
Fig. 2:
Schaltplan
Circuit Diagram
Schéma de principe
Schakelplan