Texas Instruments TPS54614EVM 1.8-V SWIFT User manual

  
  
September 2001 PMP PD & PS
User’s Guide
SLVU053

IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications,
enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue
any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing
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and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.
TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI
deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all
parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for
their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products
and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.
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inwhichTIproductsorservicesareused.InformationpublishedbyTIregardingthird–partyproductsorservices
does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof.
Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property
of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI.
Reproduction of information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without
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of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for
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Mailing Address:
Texas Instruments
Post Office Box 655303
Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated

EVM IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments (TI) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following conditions:
This evaluation kit being sold by TI is intended for use for ENGINEERING
DEVELOPMENT OR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY and is not considered by TI to
befitforcommercialuse.Assuch,thegoodsbeingprovidedmaynotbecompleteinterms
of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations,
including product safety measures typically found in the end product incorporating the
goods. As a prototype, this product does not fall within the scope of the European Union
directive on electromagnetic compatibility and therefore may not meet the technical
requirements of the directive.
Should this evaluation kit not meet the specifications indicated in the EVM User’s Guide,
the kit may be returned within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE
FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY SELLER TO
BUYER AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR
STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Theuserassumesallresponsibilityandliabilityforproperandsafehandlingofthegoods.
Further, the user indemnifies TI from all claims arising from the handling or use of the
goods. Please be aware that the products received may not be regulatory compliant or
agency certified (FCC, UL, CE, etc.). Due to the open construction of the product, it is
the user’s responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to
electrostatic discharge.
EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THE INDEMNITY SET FORTH ABOVE, NEITHER
PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.
TIcurrentlydealswithavarietyofcustomersforproducts,andthereforeourarrangement
with the user is not exclusive.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design,
software performance, or infringement of patents or services described herein.
Pleasereadthe EVMUser’s Guideand,specifically, the EVMWarningsand Restrictions
notice in the EVM User’s Guide prior to handling the product. This notice contains
important safety information about temperatures and voltages. For further safety
concerns, please contact the TI application engineer.
Personshandlingtheproductmusthaveelectronicstrainingandobservegoodlaboratory
practice standards.
No license is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property right of TI
covering or relating to any machine, process, or combination in which such TI products
or services might be or are used.
Mailing Address:
Texas Instruments
Post Office Box 655303
Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated

EVM WARNINGS AND RESTRICTIONS
It is important to operate this EVM within the specified input and output ranges described in
the EVM User’s Guide.
Exceeding the specified input range may cause unexpected operation and/or irreversible
damage to the EVM. If there are questions concerning the input range, please contact a TI
field representative prior to connecting the input power.
Applyingloadsoutsideofthespecifiedoutputrangemayresultinunintendedoperationand/or
possible permanent damage to the EVM. Please consult the EVM User’s Guide prior to
connecting any load to the EVM output. If there is uncertainty as to the load specification,
please contact a TI field representative.
Duringnormaloperation,somecircuitcomponentsmayhavecasetemperaturesgreaterthan
60°C.TheEVM isdesignedto operateproperlywith certaincomponentsabove 60°C aslong
astheinputandoutput rangesare maintained.Thesecomponentsincludebut arenot limited
tolinearregulators,switchingtransistors,passtransistors,andcurrentsenseresistors.These
typesof devicescanbeidentifiedusingtheEVM schematiclocated intheEVMUser’sGuide.
When placing measurement probes near these devices during operation, please be aware
that these devices may be very warm to the touch.
Mailing Address:
Texas Instruments
Post Office Box 655303
Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated

Trademarks
v
Preface
Read This First
About This Manual
This users guide describes the characteristics, operation, and use of the
TPS54614 1.8-V SWIFTregulator evaluation module (EVM). The users
guide includes a schematic diagram and bill of materials.
How to Use This Manual
This document contains the following chapters:
-Chapter 1—Inroduction
-Chapter 2—Setup and Test Results
-Chapter 3—Board Layout
-Chapter 4—Schematic and Bill of Materials
FCC Warning
This equipment is intended for use in a laboratory test environment only. It
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and has not been
testedforcompliancewiththelimitsofcomputingdevicespursuanttosubpart
Jofpart15ofFCCrules,which aredesignedtoprovidereasonableprotection
against radio frequency interference. Operation of this equipment in other
environments may cause interference with radio communications, in which
case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures
may be required to correct this interference.
Trademarks
SWIFTis a trademark of Texas Instruments.

vi

Contents
vii
Contents
1 Introduction 1-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.1 Background 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2 Performance Specification Summary 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3 Modifications 1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 Setup and Test Results 2-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.1 Input/Output Connections 2-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 Efficiency 2-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 Thermal Performance 2-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4 Output Voltage Regulation 2-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5 Load Transients 2-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.6 Loop Characteristics 2-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.7 Output Voltage Ripple 2-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.8 Input Voltage Ripple 2-9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.9 Start-Up 2-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 Board Layout 3-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1 Layout 3-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 Schematic and Bill of Materials 4-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1 Schematic 4-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 Bill of Materials 4-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Contents
viii
Figures
2–1 Test Setup Connection Diagram 2-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–2 Measured Efficiency 2-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–3 Measured Board Losses 2-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–4 Measured Junction Temperature at 25°C Ambient 2-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–5 Measured Case Temperature at 25°C Ambient 2-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–6 Measured Load Regulation 2-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–7 Measured Load Transient Response 2-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–8 Measured Negative Load Transient Response 2-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–9 Measured Loop Gain 2-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–10 Measured Loop Phase 2-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–11 Measured Output Voltage Ripple With 3.3-V Input 2-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–12 Measured Output Voltage Ripple With 5.0-V Input 2-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–13 Measured Input Ripple Voltage With 3.3-V Input 2-9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–14 Measured Input Ripple Voltage With 5.0-V Input 2-9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2–15 Measured Start-Up Waveforms 2-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3–1 Top-Side Assembly 3-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3–2 Top-Side Layout 3-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3–3 Internal Layers Layout 3-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3–4 Bottom Side Layout 3-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4–1 EVM Schematic 4-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tables
1–1 Performance Specification Summary 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1–2 Modification Table 1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4–1 TPS54614 EVM Bill of Materials 4-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-1
Introduction
Introduction
This chapter contains background information for the TPS54614 and support
documentation for the TPS54614 EVM evaluation module. The TPS54614
EVM performance specifications are given, as well as modification
instructions if different preset output voltages are desired.
Topic Page
1.1 Background 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2 Performance Specification Summary 1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3 Modifications 1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 1

Background
1-2
1.1 Background
The TPS54614 evaluation module uses the TPS54614 synchronous buck
regulator to provide a 1.8-V output. This voltage is maintained over an input
range of 3.0 V to 6.0 V, and over a load range of 0 A to 6 A. The TPS54614
EVMcircuitrycontainsonlysevenelectricalcomponentscoveringanarealess
than one square inch.
The TPS54614 has two key features that reduce the number of additional
components compared to traditional synchronous buck controllers. The first
feature is that the MOSFETs are incorporated inside the TPS54614 package.
This eliminates the need for external MOSFETs and their associated drivers.
The second feature is that the compensation components that stabilize the
feedback loop are also incorporated inside the TPS54614 package.
Because the internal compensation of the TPS54614 is fixed, loop stability is
assuredbytheproperselectionofanoutputinductorandoutputcapacitor.For
guidelines on selecting an output inductor and output capacitor for a specific
application, refer to Texas Instruments application report SLVA105
–Designing With Internally Compensated SWIFTtRegulators.
1.2 Performance Specification Summary
A summary of the TPS54614EVM performance specifications is provided by
Table 1–1. All specifications are given for an ambient temperature of 25°C,
unless otherwise noted.
Table 1–1.Performance Specification Summary
Specification Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units
Input voltage range IO= 6 A 3 5 6 V
Output voltage set point 1.8 V
Output current range 0> 6 A
Line regulation IO= 6 A –5 +5 mV
Load regulation VIN = 5 V –9 +9 mV
I15Ato45A t 16 µs
–80 mVPK
Load transient res
p
onse
IO= 1.5 A to 4.5 A, tr= 16 µs50 µs
Load transient response
I45Ato15A t 12 µs
55 mVPK
IO= 4.5 A to 1.5 A, tf= 12 µs50 µs
Loop bandwidth VIN = 5 V, IO= 6 A 50 kHz
Phase margin VIN = 5 V, IO= 6 A 46 _
Input ripple voltage 270 mVpp
Output ripple voltage 10 18 mVPP
Output rise time 3.6 ms
Operating frequency 440 550 660 kHz
Efficiency VIN = 5 V, IO= 1.5 A 91%

Modifications
1-3
Introduction
1.3 Modifications
The EVM can be modified for different preset output voltages by using other
devices in the TPS5461x family. For output voltages less than 2.5 V, only U1
needs to be changed. For output voltages 2.5 V and higher, the output
capacitor (C1) also needs to be changed. Table 1–2 lists the devices required
for U1 and C1 for different output voltage options.
Table 1–2.Modification Table
Output Voltage
(V) SWIFTDevice (U1) Output Capacitor (C1)
0.9 TPS54611 Sanyo –2R5TPB680M
1.2 TPS54612 Sanyo –2R5TPB680M
1.5 TPS54613 Sanyo –2R5TPB680M
1.8 TPS54614 Sanyo –2R5TPB680M
2.5 TPS54615 Sanyo –4TPB470M
3.3 TPS54616 Sanyo –4TPB470M

1-4

2-1
Setup and Test Results
Setup and Test Results
This chapter describes how to properly connect, set up, and use the
TPS54614EVM.ThischapteralsopresentsthetestresultsfortheTPS54614,
and covers efficiency, output voltage regulation, load transients, loop
response, output ripple, and start-up.
Topic Page
2.1 Input/Output Connections 2-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 Efficiency 2-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 Thermal Performance 2-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4 Output Voltage Regulation 2-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5 Load Transients 2-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.6 Loop Characteristics 2-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.7 Output Voltage Ripple 2-8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.8 Input Voltage Ripple 2-9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.9 Start-Up 2-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 2

Input/Output Connections
2-2
2.1 Input/Output Connections
The TPS54614 has the following four input/output connections: input, input
return, output, and output return. A diagram showing the connection points is
shown in Figure 2–1. Connect a power supply capable of supplying 5 A to J1
through a pair of 20 AWG wires. Connect the load to J2 through a pair of 16
AWG wires. Wire lengths should be minimized on both the input and output
connections.
Figure 2–1.Test Setup Connection Diagram
NOTE: All wire pairs should be twisted.
TPS5461x SWIFT Product Family
VOUT
0.9 V
1.2 V
1.5 V
1.8 V
2.5 V
3.3 V
Adj
Part Number
TPS54611
TPS54612
TPS54613
TPS54614
TPS54615
TPS54616
TPS54610 TPS54614EVM
SLVP183
REV A
2001

Efficiency
2-3
Setup and Test Results
2.2 Efficiency The TPS54614 efficiency peaks at around 1.5 A of load current. At a full 6-A
loadtheefficiencydropstoaround83%witha5-Vinputsource.Theefficiency
shown in Figure 2–2 is typical for an ambient temperature of 25°C. The
efficiency is lower at higher ambient temperatures, due to temperature
variation in the drain-to-source resistance of the MOSFETs. The total board
losses are shown in Figure 2–3. The plots of Figure 2–4 and Figure 2–5 are
extended out to current levels where the TPS54614 junction temperature
reaches 125°C at 25°C ambient. When operating the TPS54614 past the 6-A
maximum current rating, care should be taken to ensure that the maximum
junction temperature does not exceed 125°C.
Figure 2–2.Measured Efficiency
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
012345678910
Efficency – %
IL– Load Current – A
VI= 5 V
VI= 3.3 V
TA= 25°C
Figure 2–3.Measured Board Losses
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
012345678910
Losses – W
VI= 3.3 V
VI= 5 V
IL– Load Current – A
TA= 25°C

Thermal Performance
2-4
2.3 Thermal Performance
Theplotin Figure 2–4 shows thejunctiontemperatureversustheload current
at 25°C ambient temperature. The case temperature is plotted in Figure 2–5.
The low junction-to-case thermal resistance of the PWP package, along with
agoodboardlayout,helpstokeepthejunctiontemperaturelow at high output
currents. With a 3.3-V input source and a 6-A load, the junction temperature
is approximately 65°C, while the case temperature is approximately 59°C.
Figure 2–4.Measured Junction Temperature at 25°C Ambient
0
25
50
75
100
125
0123456789
10
IL–Load Current –A
–Junction Temperature –
TJC
°
TA= 25°C
VI= 3.3 V
VI= 5 V
Figure 2–5.Measured Case Temperature at 25°C Ambient
0
20
40
60
80
100
012345678910
IL–Load Current –A
Case Temperature –C
°
VI= 5 V
VI= 3.3 V
TA= 25°C

Output Voltage Regulation
2-5
Setup and Test Results
2.4 Output Voltage Regulation
Theoutputvoltage load regulation at 25°C is shown in Figure 2–6. The output
voltage varies less than 0.3% over the entire input voltage range of 3.3 V to
5.0 V, and load range of 0 A to 6 A.
Figure 2–6.Measured Load Regulation
0.997
0.998
0.999
1
1.001
1.002
1.003
0123456
IL–Load Current –A
VI= 5 V
VI= 3.3 V
TA= 25°C
Output Voltage
(Normalized to 3-A Load)

Output Voltage Regulation
2-6
2.5 Load Transients
The TPS54614 EVM response to load transients is shown in Figure 2–7 and
Figure 2–8. The load transient in Figure 2–7 transitions from 1.5 A to 4.5 A in
16 µs, while the load transient in Figure 2–8 transitions from 4.5 A to 1.5 A in
12µs.Thetransientresponsecanbeimprovedatthecostofaddingadditional
capacitance to the output.
Figure 2–7.Measured Load Transient Response
VO(AC)
50 mV/div
IO
2 A/div
VI= 3.3 V
20 µs/div
Figure 2–8.Measured Negative Load Transient Response
VO(AC)
20 mV/div
IO
2 A/div
VI= 3.3 V
20 µs/div

Output Voltage Regulation
2-7
Setup and Test Results
2.6 Loop Characteristics
The loop gain and phase for a 5.0-V input and a 6.0-A load are shown in
Figure 2–9 and Figure 2–10. The loop crossover frequency is approximately
50 kHz, and the phase margin is approximately 46°.
Figure 2–9.Measured Loop Gain
–20
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
10 100 1000 10000 100000
f –Frequency –Hz
Loop Gain –dB
Figure 2–10. Measured Loop Phase
f –Frequency –Hz
Loop Phase –Degrees
0
45
90
135
180
10 100 1000 10000 100000

Output Voltage Regulation
2-8
2.7 Output Voltage Ripple
The output ripple voltage is plotted in Figure 2–11 for a 3.3-V input, and in
Figure 2–12 for a 5.0-V input. The TPS54614 has a typical output voltage
ripple of less than 15 mVpp.
Figure 2–11. Measured Output Voltage Ripple With 3.3-V Input
IO
10 mV/div
VI= 3.3 V
IO= 6 A
1 µs/div
Figure 2–12. Measured Output Voltage Ripple With 5.0-V Input
VO(AC)
10 mV/div
VI= 5 V
IO= 6 A
1 µs/div