Trio MS-1650B User manual

MS-1650B
DIGITALMEMORYOSCILLOSCOPE
INSTRUCTIONMANUAL
TRIO

FEATURES
This instrumentisa combinationofanoscilloscopehavinga frequencybandofDC-10MHzanda digital memoryhaving
memoryabilityof8 bitsx1024wordsandwritespeedupto1 /is/word.Inputsignalcanbestoredinthememorysothat
memorysignalisdisplayedontheCRTatanytime.
The instrumentisreadilyconnectedtoa penrecorder.Itmemorizesanddisplayssignals prior totriggering,instantaneous
signals, transientwaveformsandrepetitivewaveforms. This modelisdesignedasa multitracememoryoscilloscopewhich
combined with thememory unit MU-165K-T)(option).
1. Instantaneoussignals,transientwaveforms,and,.™...
repetitivewaveformscanbestoredinthememoryfor
displayingontheCRT.
2. ByconnectingtheMU-165K-T)memory unit toMS-
1650B, thelatercanbeusedfora maximumof4
traces digital memoryoscilloscope.
3. Semiconductormemorycircuithavingmemoryabilityof
8 bitsx 1024wordsandwritespeedupto1 /^s/word.
4. Theoscilloscopecoversa wideDC-10MHzband.The
controlsandswitchesoftheoscilloscopearealsoused
tostore input signalsinthememoryanddisplay
memorysignals.
5. —DELAY functionisprovidedtostoresignals prior to
triggering inthememorywhichisnotpossible with
conventionaloscilloscopes.
6. Theautomaticfree-runfunctionrepeatswrite-inand
read-outsignalsautomatically.
By pulling outtheknobof DISPLAY TIME, thefixed
read-outspeedisappliedupto1 jts/wordregardlessof
sweep timeinread-outoperation.Thereforeread-out
signals are easy tobe seen.
7. Memorysignalsarereadilydisplayedonthe built-in
CRT orrecordedina penrecorder.
8. A SMOOTHER switchhasbeen built-in tomake
waveformmoreeasilyvisiblewhen monitoring
memorizedsignalsonthe screen; sampleintervals
have becomejoinedandsmooth.
9. Real timewaveformbeingdisplayedonthescreencan
bestoredinthememory,thusprovidingsimplified
operation.
10. Boththerealtimewaveformandmemorysignalcanbe
displayedsimultaneously, permitting youtocompare
onesignal with theother.
11. Memorizeddatecontentscanbekepton hold forover
a weekafterpowerhasbeencutoffbecausea
memoryback-upcapacitorhasbeenbuilt-in. Thus you
can storedataforasiswhileearringMS-1650B.
12. Signalssynchronized with powerfrequencycanbe
displayedorstoredinthememory.
13. Theoscilloscopecanbeusedasa X-Yscopebysimply
settingthe DISPLAY MODEswitchtotheX-Yposition.
14. ByconnectingMU-165K-T),feedingits output into
HOR INPUT, X-Yoperationofrealtimewaveformand
memorywaveformcanbeexecuted.
1 5.Large sized, squareCRTdisplayswaveformsoverthe
entire area ofthe screen.
16. Rigidconstruction with diecasting front paneland
compactdesign.
17. Withthejoiner CZ-84, MS-1650BandMU-1651
memory unit canbecombined into onebody,makingit
convenienttocarryasa dualtracememory
oscilloscope.
CONTENTS
FEATURES 2
SPECIFICATIONS 3
CONTROLS ON PANELS 5
Front Panel 5
Rear Panel 8
OPERATION 9
Oscilloscope Operation9
DigitalMemoryOperation9
— DELAY Setting10
Readout toPenRecorder10
MeasurementofInputSignalVoltage
with PenRecorder11
MeasurementofInputSignalTime
with PenRecorder11
Free RunOperation11
APPLICATIONS 12
ApplicationofDigitalMemoryScope12
ApplicationofOscilloscopeOperation13
PRECAUTION 20
MAINTENANCE AND ADJUSTMENT 20
Maintenance20
Adjustment20
OPTION 22
2

SPECIFICATIONS
Cathode RayTube
Type
E2713B31A
Accelerationvoltage
Approx.2 kV
Display area
8 div x 10div(1div = 9.5mm)
VerticalAxis
Sensitivity
10 mV/div- 20V/div,±5%
Attenuator
10 mV/div— 20V/div,1-2-5sequence
11 ranges,fullyadjustable
Inputimpedance
1 M0,±5%22pF±3pF
Frequency response
Oscilloscope DC:DC-10MHz(-3dB)
(10 mV/div- 20V/div)
AC: 2 Hz-10MHz(-3dB)
(10 mV/div- 20V/div)
DigitalmemoryDC:DC-250kHz(-3dB)
AC: 2 Hz-250kHz(-3dB)
Rise time
35 ns(Oscilloscopeoperation)
Maximum input voltage
600 Vp-por300V (DC+ ACpeak,at1 kHz)
Operatingmode
REAL: Oscilloscopeoperationormemoryfree-run
DUAL: Real timeandmemorywaveforms,dual
trace operation (CHOP modeofapprox.
500 kHz)
MEMORY: Memorywaveformreadout
X-Y: X-Yscopeoperation
A/DConverter
Resolution
8 bits
Conversion system
Successive comparisonA/Dconverter
Scale-over
8 divvertical scale
Sweep Circuit
Sweep system
Triggersweep(NORM),autosweep (AUTO)
Sweep time
1 /zs/div— 1 s/div,±5%
1-2-5sequence
19 ranges,fullyadjustable
Magnifier
5 MAG±10%
Linearity
Less than3%(5/ts/div— 1 s/div)
Less than5%(1/*s/div— 2 jis/div)
Sync Circuit
Sync input
INT: Vertical input signal
LINE: Linefrequency
EXT: EXT TRIG input signal
Polarity
Positive andnegative
Sync voltage
INT: Morethan1 divofamplitudeontheCRT
LINE: Withinthespecifiedpowersupplyvoltage
EXT: Morethan1 Vp-p
Sync frequency
INT: 20Hz- 10MHz
EXT: DC- 10MHz
External sync input voltage
±15V (DC+ ACpeak)
HorizontalAxis
Operatingsystem
DISPLAY MODEselectorswitchtoX-Yposition
Sensitivity
150 mV/div(±20%,HOR.GAINMAX)
Frequency response
DC: DC-1MHz(-3dB)(HOR.GAINMAX)
Inputimpedance
100 kfl±20%,35pFor less
Maximum input voltage
50 V (DC+ ACpeak,HOR.GAINMAX)
MemoryUnit
Memorycapacity
1024 words(100words/div)
Writespeed
0.1ms/div— 1 s/div,13ranges(equivalentto1 /ts/word—
10 ms/word)
EXT: RisingedgeofEXT CLOCK input signal repetition rate
frequency: Less than500kHz
Highlevelpulsewidth:not less than1 /*s
Low levelpulsewidth:not less than500ns
Rise time,not less than500ns
Readout speed
SCOPE: Same aswritespeed
Fixed readout(at1 /ts/wordfor DISPLAY TIME pulled
position).
...PEN:10ms/word,20ms/word50ms/word,3 ranges
:(Switchableto100ms/word,200ms/word,500ms/
wordbychangingjumperwireconnection)
EXT: RisingedgeofEXT CLOCK input signal repetition rate
frequency: Less than1 MHz
y Inputsignal:
Highlevelpulsewidth:not less than
500 ns
Low levelpulsewidth:not less than
500 ns
Rise time,not less than500ns
Inputvoltage:TTLlevel
Maximum input voltage:20V (DC+ ACpeak)
Inputresistance:Approx.30kfi
Delay
- DELAY (0-9div,DIGSWsetting)
3

SPECIFICATIONS
Signal Output
Display time
The amountoftimeforwhichmemorysignalsaredisplayedcan
bevaried from approx.1 toapprox.20seconds.
MemoryoutandMemoryoutforpen(OutputofonlyPENmode)
Display time
Output wave: Memorywave
Outputvoltage:1.6Vp-p, full scale (at8 div)
Outputresistance:Approx.430ft
Read gate
Output wave: Positivepulse(1word)offinaladdress
Outputvoltage:TTLlevel
Outputresistance:Approx.220ft .
Read gateforpen(OutputofonlyPENmode)
Outputvoltage:TTLlevel(LOWactive)
Outputresistance:220ft
Sweep gate
Output wave: Positivepulsesynchronized with sweepsignal
Outputvoltage:TTLlevel
Outputresistance:Approx.220ft
CAL (Calibratingvoltage)
Output wave: 1 kHz,± 10%,squarewave
Outputvoltage:1 Vp-p±5%
Dataout
Data output:
8 bitbinaryparallel output, positive output (TTLlevel)
Timingpulse:
Positive, negative output (MOS)(TTLlevel)
Read gateout:
Positive output ofthefinal-addressoneword
Outputresistance:Approx.220ft (TTLlevel)
Ext. clock:
TTL levelclock input of1 MHzorbelow
Highlevelpulsewidth:Not less than500ns
Low levelpulsewidth:Not less than500ns
Rise time:• Notmorethan500ns
Inputresistance:Approx.30kft
14-pincable
receptacle #
Data contents 14-pincable
receptacle It
Data contents
Pin # 1
Data LSB
Pin # 8
MSB
Pin # 2 BIT 2
Pin # 9 TimingpulseMOS
Pin # 3 BIT 3 Pin # 10 TimingpulseMOS
Pin # 4 BIT 4 Pin # 11 EXT. CLOCK
Pin # 5
BIT 5 Pin ft 12
GND
Pin # ' 6
BIT 6 Pin # 13
GND
Pin # 7 BIT 7 Pin # 14
READ GATE OUT
Signal Input
Memoryin
Sensitivity: 1.6Vp-p, full scale
(200 mV/div)
Memory signal input
(3 inputsforMU-1651)
4
Frequency response: DC—approx.1 MHz
(-3 dB),Smoother;off
DC— approx.150kHz
(-3 dB),Smoother;on
Inputimpedance:Approx.60kft
Maximuminputvoltage:20Vp-por10V (DC+ ACpeak)
Intensity Modulation
Inputvoltage
TTL level(Intensityincreasing with morepositive levels)
Inputimpedance
Approx.1 5 kft
Inputfrequency
DC - 1 MHz
Maximuminputvoltage
50 V (DC+ ACpeak)
PowerRequirement
Voltage100/120/220/240V,± 10%,50/60Hz
Power consumptionApprox.60W
Dimensions
Width284mm(328mm)
Height138mm(153mm)
Depth400mm(463mm)
() dimensionsincludeprotrusionsfrom basic case
outlinedimensions
WeightApprox.9 kg
OperatingTemperature
Operatingtemperatureforguaranteedspecification:0°~40°C
Full operatingtemperature:0°~50°C
Accessory
Probe (PC —22)1 piece
Attenuation1/10
Inputimpedance10Mft
Less than18pF
Replacement fuse1.5A,2 pieces
0.7A,2 pieces
Instructionmanual1 copy
AC cord1 piece
Digital output plug1 piece
Option
Joiner CZ-84
PINCONFIGURATION

CONTROLS ON PANELS
CONTROLS ONFRONTPANEL
1. POWER/SCALE ILLUM
Power switchand scale illumination control.Fully
counterclockwise rotation ofthis control turnsoff
oscilloscope.Clockwise rotation turnsonoscilloscope.
Furtherclockwise rotation ofthis control increasesthe
illumination levelofthe scale.
2. LEDPILOTLAMP
Lightswhenoscilloscopeisturnedon.
3.INTENSITY
Intensitycontrol.Adjuststhebrightnessofspotand
waveformsfor easy viewing.A left turn allowsthe
waveformstodisappear.
4. TRACE ROTATION
This control isusedtoeliminateinclinationofhorizon-
taltrace.
5. FOCUS
Spotfocus control to obtain optimum waveformac-
cordingtobrightness.
6.CAL
Provides 1 kHz,1 volt peak-to-peaksquarewave out-
putsignal.Thisisusedforcalibrationofthevertical
amplifierattenuatorsandtocheckthefrequencycom-
pensationadjustmentoftheprobesused with the
oscilloscope.
7.GNDTERMINAL
Earth terminaloftheoscilloscope.
8.VOLTS/DIV
Verticalattenuatorcalibratedinvoltageperdivision.In
theextremeclockwise(CAL)position,theverticalat-
tenuatoriscalibrated.
Select the position ofthe control accordingtothe
magnitudeof input voltageto obtain the optimum
waveform.
Verticalsensitivityiscalibratedin11steps from 0.01
to20voltsperdiv.
9.VARIABLE
Fine adjustment control ofverticalsensitivity.Thesen-
,-*'sitivity within the11rangesof VOLTS/DIV (8)iscon-
tinuouslyadjustable.Theextremeclockwise(CAL)
position isusedtocalibratetheverticalattenuator.
10.t POSITION
The rotation ofthis control adjustsvertical position of
real time waveformasdesired.A right turn ofthiscon-
trol will shiftthereal time waveformupward,andvice
versa.
5

CONTROLS ON PANELS
11. MEMORYPOSITION,PUSHMEMORY FREEZE
Vertical positionofmemorywaveformadjustment
knob.
A right turn ofthiscontrolwillmovethememory
waveformupward,andvice versa.
Whenthiscontrolispushed,onlythemain unit
memorybecomes FREEZE; inwritecondition,
memorizedwaveformispreservedandcannotwritein
memory./"
Atpulledoutcondition,write-intomain unit memory
becomes possible.
12. DISPLAY MODE
This switchselectsthemodesofverticalandhorizon-
taloperations.
REAR: Fornormaloscilloscopeoperation.Also,us-
edtowritea signalinmemory.
DUAL: This modeforswitchingbetweenrealtime
waveformandmemorywaveform through
CHOP operationatapprox.500kHzand
monitoring both waveform.Write-into
memorycanonlybeaccomplished through
manualoperationof START (16)switch.
MEMORY: Forreadoutofmemorywaveform.
X-Y: ForX-Yoscilloscope.
13. AC-GND-DC
Vertical input selectorswitch.ACpositionblocksDC
componentof input signal.GNDpositionopenssignal
input pathandgroundsamplifier input. DCposition
directs input ofACandDCcomponentstoamplifier.
Whenthe DISPLAY MODEissetto REAL or DUAL, a
trace appearsonthescopeinGNDpositionofAC-
GND-DC switchregardlessofthepositionofthe PULL
AUTO (27).
14.INPUT
Vertical input terminal.
15. CLOCK
INT/EXT: Clockselectorswitch.Write-inandread-out
occures viatheclock inputted attheEXT
CLOCK (35)terminal.Inthisposition,the
waveformonthescopecannotbe syn-
chronized. INTpositionisusedforwriteand
readout.Therearetwofunctions, SCOPE
andPEN(readoutonly)
SCOPE/PEN: Memoryreadoutmodeselectorswitch.
In SCOPE position,readoutonthescreenis
effectedrepeatedly.
Inpenposition,readouttoMEMORYOUT
terminaliseffectiveeachtime START is
depressed. Forwritemode,usethe SCOPE
position.
The memorydata from theinitialaddressto
finaladdressarereadoutoncebypressing
thisswitch.
16. START
A pushbuttonswitchtowrite input signalinmemory.
To usethisswitch,set DISPLAY MODEto REAL or
DUAL, CLOCK toINTand SCOPE, and SWEEP
TIME/DIV to0.1ms-1s.InthePENmode,thisswitch
functionsasthePEN START push button switch.
17. TRIGGER POINT -DELAY (DIV)
This switchisusedtowrite input signalinmemory
beforetriggersignalisgenerated.Thesettingrange
covers from 0 div.to9 div.1 div.represents100
wordsinmemory.
(Refer to "-DELAY Setting"onpage10)
18.WRITE(LED)
Red LEDlightswhile input signalisbeing written in
memory.
19. READ (LED)
Green LEDlightswhilememorydataisbeingreadout.
20.MEMORYOUTPUT
Memorydata output terminal.Readoutspeedisvaried
accordingto3 readoutmodes, SCOPE, PENandEXT
CLOCK.
21. SWEEP TIME/DIV
Horizontalsweeptimeselector.Itselectssweeptimes
of1 fis to1 s in19steps.The1 /is-50/is rangeisus-
edforrealtime.
22. VARIABLE/HOR. GAIN
Used forfineadjustmentofsweeptime.Continuous
adjustmentbetween19rangesof SWEEP TIME/DIV
(21) ispossible.Sweeptimeiscalibratedattheex-
tremeclockwiseposition (CAL). Whenthe DISPLAY
MODE issettoX-Y,thesignal from theHOR INPUT is
attenuatedby SWEEP/TIME DIV.control.
23. POSITION
Rotationadjuststhehorizontalpositionoftraceas
desired. Clockwise rotation shiftsthetracetothe right
andcounterclockwiserotation,tothe left
24.FINE PULL X5MAG
Horizontalpositionfineadjusterandsweepmagnifica-
tion selectorswitch.Pulltheknobandthetraceis
magnifiedfivetimesaslargeinthe left and right direc-
tions.Brightnessisslightlydecreased.
Inputsignalstoredinthememoryisnotmagnified
even intheX5MAGposition.
6

CONTROLS ON PANELS
25. SOURCE
Sync sourcevoltageselectorswitchforthreefunctions,
INT (internal sync), LINE (50/60Hz sync) andEXT(exter-
nal sync).
INT: Sweepis triggered byvertical input signal.
LINE: Sweepis triggered by50/60Hzpowerfre-
quency.
EXT: Sweepis triggered byvoltageappliedto
EXT TRIG terminalandDCcomponent.
26. SLOPE
Sync polarity selectorswitch.Inthe" + " position,
sweep is triggered with risingslopeof input waveform,
andinthe" — " position, with fallingslopeof input
waveform.
27. LEVEL, PULL AUTO
Triggeringlevel control adjustssyncphasetodeter-
minethestarting point ofsweepontheslopeof trigger
signalwaveform.By pulling theknobtowardyou,auto
sweep iseffected;thesweepissetinfree-runstate
andthetraceisdisplayedonCRTevenwhenno trigger
signalispresent.When trigger signalispresent,sweep
is startedsothe triggering levelcanbeadjusted.
28.TRIG'D
Sync indicationlamplightswhensyncsignalistrig-
gered. Checkthislamplightswhen writing input singal
tomemory.
The lampmay light intheGND position oftheAC-
GND-DC (13).Thisisnormalandisnotanindication
that the unit isdefective.
29.EXTTRIG
Input terminalforexternal trigger signal.Externaltrig-
gersignal(1Vp-porhigher)shouldbeapplied with
SOURCE switchsettoEXT.
30.HORINPUT
Input terminalforexternalhorizontalsignal. DISPLAY
MODE switchshouldbesettoX-Y.
31. DISPLAYTIME
Store andread-outoperationareautomatically
repeatedwhenthisknobispulledout(freerun
fuction).Thedisplay time isabout1 secondwhenthe
knobis fully settothe left andabout20secondswhen
itis fully settothe right. This function iseffectiveonly
whenthe DISPLAY modeis REAL.
32. PEN SPEED
Selects thememoryreadspeedinthePENmode from
amongthreespeeds:10to50ms/word.Thisswitch
functionsregardlessofthe position of SWEEP TIME/DIV
(21).
7

CONTROLS ON PANELS
CONTROLS ON REAR PANEL
33. SWEEP GATE OUT
Sweep gatesignal(positivepulse)isavailableatthis
terminal.
34. READ GATE OUT
Positive pulseforonewordoffinalmemoryaddressis
available atthisterminal.
The signalcanbeusedasa stopsignalwhena pen
recorderis used.
35. EXT CLOCK
Inputterminalforexternalclock.
CLOCK switch(15)shouldbesettoEXT.
36.Z-AXISINPUT
Intensitymodulationterminal.Intensityismodulated
atTTLlevel.
37.SMOOTHER
WhenslidedthisswitchtoONside,thesample
waveformbecomesjoinedandmakesvisible.
38.GND
Groundterminal.Oscilloscope chassis ground,and
earthground.
39.MEMORYINPUT
Three input terminalsformemorizedsignalswhencon-
nectingMU-1651memory unit andusingasa mutiple
trace memoryoscilloscope.
40.CONTROLOUTPUT
Controlsignal output terminalformemorizedsignal
whenconnectingMU-1651memory unit andusingas
a mutipletracememoryoscilloscope.
41. DATAOUT
Outputterminalformemorydata(8bit BINARY) and
timing signal.
42. POWERCONNECTOR
For connectionofaccessorypowercord.
43. FUSE HOLDER
For 100/120V operation,usea 1.5Afuse.For
220/240 V operation,besuretousea 0.7Afuse.
44.POWER VOLTAGE SELECTOR
Set theselectortothepositioncorrespondingtothe
correctACpowervoltage,100/120/220/240V.
45. CORD REEL
Windthepowercordinthereelwhentheoscilloscope
needs tobetransportedoritistobe left unused.
46.MEMORY(FORPENOUT)
This output terminalisonlyeffectiveforPENmode.
When START (16)ispressed, output ofthesamedata
as thatofMEMORY OUTPUT (20)starts.
47. READ GATE (FORPENOUT)
This isvalidonlyinPENmode. This terminaloutputs
thesamesignalasthat READ GATE (34). This output
signal dropstotheGNDleveltostartpenoperation,
and rises totheH leveltostoppenoperationwhen
readingisfinished.Theterminalisgroundedinthe
SCOPE mode.
8

OPERATION
OSCILLOSCOPE OPERATION
Refer totheprevioussection"Controlson Panels". Before
operatingtheoscilloscope,settheswitchesandcontrols
as follows:
Switches andControls Position
1.
POWER/SCALE ILLUM
OFF
3.
INTENSITY
Center
(slightlyright)
5.
FOCUS
Center
8.
VOLTS/DIV
20 V
9. VARIABLE
Full clockwise
10.
t POSITION
Center
12.
DISPLAY MODE
REAL
13.
AC-GND-DC
GND
21.
SWEEP TIME/DIV
1 ms
22.
VARIABLE
Full clockwise
23.
<o POSITION
Center
24.
FINE PULLx 5 MAG
Center (PUSH)
25.
SOURCE
INT
26. SLOPE
+
27.
LEVEL
Center (PULL) AUTO
31.
DISPLAY TIME
PUSH
1. Connectthesuppliedpowercordtothepowercon-
necter.Theoscilloscopeisfactoryadjustedtooperate
onAC240V.
2. Turnthe POWER switch(1)toONandthe POWER lamp
(2) will light. Thenhorizontaltracewillappear.If
horizontaltracedoesnotappearatthecenterofthe
screen, adjusttheT POSITION (10).
3. Adjusttheintensitybythe INTENSITY (3).Ifthetraceis
unclear, adjustthe FOCUS (5).
4. Ifthetraceisinclined,adjustthe TRACE ROTATION (4).
5. Setthe AC-GND-DC (13)toACorDCpositionandapp-
ly input signaltothe INPUT (14).Turnthe VOLTS/DIV
(8) clockwisetoobtain optimum waveform.
6. Ifthewaveformisrunningandnottriggered, turn the
LEVEL (27).Bypushingthe LEVEL knob,theautofunc-
tion isreleased.Thewaveformdisappearswhenthe
knobisturnedclockwiseorcounterclockwiseandap-
pears againattheapproximatemidpositionofit.Turn
theknob until optimum triggering levelisobtained.
7. Whenthesignalvoltageismorethan0.01V and
waveformdoesnotappearonthe screen, the
oscilloscopemaybecheckedbyfeeding input from the
CAL (6)terminal. Since thecalibrationvoltageis1 Vp-
p,thewaveformbecomes5 divatthe0.2V positionof
the VOLTS/DIV.
8. InmeasuringDCcomponent,setthe AC-GND-DC (13)
toDC.Ifitcontainspositive(+ } potential,the
waveformmovesupward.Ifnegative ( —) potentialis
contained,thewaveformmovesdownward.Thezero
potentialcanbecheckedattheGNDposition.
DIGITAL MEMORYOPERATION
Set theswitchesandcontrolsasfollowsbeforeusingthe
digital memory:
Otherknobsandcontrolsarethesameinfunctionasthose
ofoscilloscopeoperation.
Switches andControls Position
11.
MEMORY POSITION
Pull mechanical
center
12.
DISPLAY MODE
REAL orDUAL
15.
CLOCK
INT/SCOPE
17.
TRIGGER POINT
0
21.
SWEEP TIME/DIV
0.1ms— 1 s
27.
LEVEL
NORMAL (PUSH)
31.
DISPLAY TIME
PUSH
32. PEN
SPEED
10 ms,20ms,
50 ms/word
[A]ManualOperation
1. Operatetheoscilloscopeanddisplaya triggeredsignal
onthe screen.
2. Depressthe WRITE START (16)andthe WRITE (18)
lampwill light.
3. Whenthe WRITE lampgoesoff,the READ (19)lamp
beginstoflicker.
4. Setthe DISPLAY MODE(12)toDUALor MEMORY, and
memorywaveformwillbedisplayed.IntheDUALmode,
therealtimewaveformoverlaps with thememory
waveform.ByadjustingtheT POSITION (10)or
MEMORY POSITION (11), both waveformscanbe
observed.
5. Whenobservingmemorywaveform,itisnotnecessary
toadjustthe VOLTS/DIV (8)and SWEEP TIME/DIV
(21). The VOLTS/DIV doesnotchangetheamplitudeof
thememorywaveform.The SWEEP TIME/DIV changes
onlythereadoutspeed;thememorywaveformremains
unchangedonthe screen.
[B] Automaticwrite-in,read-outOperation
Pull outthe DISPLAY TIME (31)forwardyouandsetthis
controlatabout9 o'clockpositionin FREE RUNstate.
Refer to FREE RUNfunctiononpage11.
9

OPERATION
— DELAY Setting
Withconventionaloscilloscopes,itisnotpossibleto
observe a tracebefore triggering signalisdeveloped.
This oscilloscopehas" — DELAY" functiontostorea
waveforminmemorybefore triggering signalisdeveloped,
thus permitting a widevarietyofapplications.Thenumbers
indicatedbythesetting TRIGGER POINT switch(17)cor-
respondtothehorizontal scale divisionssothattrigger
pointscanbeeasilycheckedonthescope.
The diagrambelowshowsthe —DELAY pointsindicatedby
thesetting TRIGGER POINT switch(17).
Read-outtoPenRecorder
This oscilloscopepermitsanyhighspeedtracestobe
storedinmemoryandconverted into slowspeedtime base
whicha recorderisableto follow. Thus, itispossibleto
recorda memorydataina recorderata speedsuitableto
therecorder'sresponse.
The standardreadoutspeedsare10ms/word,20ms/word
and50ms/wordbutcanbeappliedto100ms/word,
200ms/wordand500ms/wordbychangingtheconnec-
tionsofthejumperwireincontrolcircuitboard(Fig.2).
To recorda memorydataina penrecorder,performthe
following procedures:
Whena trigger point indicatedbythesetting TRIGGER
POINT switch(17)appearsonthe scale, theoscilloscope
providesa negativedelayofupto9 div.Whenthe
— DELAY switchis"6"position,thememorywaveformis
as showninFig.1.
Note:
Whenthe —DELAY issetforone-shotsignalobservation,
besureto press the LEVEL (27)toNORMAL TRIGGER
(PUSH) andthen press write START (16)
1. Operatethe digital memoryandwrite input signalin
memory.
2. Setthe DISPLAY MODEtoDUALor MEMORY.
Itmaybesetto REAL modewhilethe FREE RUNfunc-
tion isbeing used.
3. Connectthepenrecordertothe MEMORY OUTFOR
PEN.
4. Setthe CLOCK to INT/PEN.
5. Depressthe START, andthememorywaveformisread
out.Thereadoutiscompletedat1024wordsandisset
intheD/Aconversionsaturating point. Toresumethe
readout,depressthe START onceagain.
Memorywaveform
The left 6 divwaveformismemorywaveform(600words)
beforetriggered.The right 4 divwaveformisa memory
waveform(400words)aftertriggered.
The —DELAY settingswitchisusedinconjunction with the
scale. Whenthe— DELAY issetto6,thetrigger point isthe6th
division from the left endofthe scale.
Trigger point
10
« TRIGGER POINT 6
SLOPE +-
LEVEL PUSH
DISPLAY MODE MEMORY
Triggerlevel
Waveformbeforetriggered Waveformafter
triggered
Fig. 1

OPERATION
Fig. 2
MeasurementofInputSignalVoltagewithPenRecorder
To obtain input signalvoltageV from thewaveformrecordedbythepenrecorder,usethe following equation:
Pen recorder input level(V/cm)x Recordedamplitude(cm)
V(v) = x Write input level(V/div)
0.2(V/div)
MeasurementofInputSignalTimewithPenRecorder
To obtainwritesignaltimeT from thewaveformrecordedbythepenrecorder,usethe following equation:
Pen recorderfeedspeed (sec/cm)
T(sec/cm) = x Writespeed(sec/div)
Readout speed(sec/div)
FREE RUNfunction
This functionisusedtoautomaticallyrepeatstoreandread
operations.Theperiodforwhichthe input waveformdata
is storedinthememorycanbevaried from aboutA to20
seconds with the DISPLAY TIME knob;thisisconvenient
whenitisnecessarytoobserveconsecutivephenomena
without observerintervention.
By pulling the DISPLAY TIME knob (REAL position),the
FREE RUNfunctions.
Depressing the DISPLAY TIME knobresetsthefreerun
functionand sets the REAL mode.
Pressing andholdingthewrite START button forone
repetition ofthestoreandread input waveformdatacycle
temporarilysuspendstheautomaticfreerunfunctioninthe
memoryreadstate. Press andthen pull the DISPLAY TIME
knob,orsetthe DISPLAY MODEswitchtotheMEMORY
(or DUAL) position,thentothe REAL positiontorestartthe
automaticfreerunfunction.
Note:
The FREE RUNfunctionwillnotalwaysstartby turning
onthe POWER switch with the DISPLAY TIME knobin
the pull outposition.
11
Control board
Power
supply
board
Bottom
view
C 10ms / word
10ms^ 20ms/ word
l^50ms/ word
C100 ms/ word
100 ms•<200ms/ word
1^500ms/ word

APPLICATIONS
APPLICATIONS OFDIGITALMEMORY SCOPE
This instrumenthasa digital memory function toanalyze
variouswaveformswhichisnotpossible with conventional
oscilloscopes. The following showstypicalexamplesofthe
use ofthe digital memoryscope.
ApplicationtoElectricCircuitMeasurementofrelay
chattering
The operating method isthesameas noted intheprevious
section.
Load
Device under
test
SetLEVEL knob
toNORMAL
Fig. 3 . Memorizingthetransientphenomenonof
mechanical impactwaveforms
Contact
INPUT,
Relay
Fig. 4.Measurementofrelaychattering
SettingoftheDigital Memory Scope
1. Connectthedetectortothedeviceundertest,thencon-
nectthe output ofthedetectortothe input ofthescope
through theamplifierso that the output levelcanbeset
tothe input levelofthescope.
2. Operationofthescope
(1) Input Selector:SettoACorDC position (setto
either position accordingtothe input signalbeing
applied).
(2)DISPLAY MODE:Setto REAL orDUALposition.
Observe thesignal from thedeviceundertestusingthe
oscilloscope (REAL MODE)andsetthe input level,trig-
ger point andsweepspeedasshownbelow.
LEVEL knob:NORMAL— The input signalissweptonce
andstops.
Verticalattenuator(VOLTS/DIV):Anyposition.
SWEEP TIME/DIV:Any position between0.1s and
0.1ms.
CLOCK: INT
SCOPE PEN: SCOPE
TRIGGER POINT(-DELAY/DIV):This digital switchisused
torecorda signal prior to triggering andshouldbe
set to0 — 9 div.
3. Aftersettingtheaboveswitches, turn the START
switchtoON.The WRITE LED(red) will light toindicate
that the input signalisinstandbymode.Thesignalis
nowreadytobememorized.
4. Next,applythesignal from thedeviceundertesttothe
detector. Test thedata.Whenthe output levelofthe
detectorreachesthevaluesetbythe TRIG LEVEL, the
signal from that point isstoredinthememory.
5. Tocheckthewaveformbeingstored,setthe DISPLAY
MODE switchtoDUALorMEMORYposition.
Datarecording with penrecorder
Connect to READ outterminal
'attherearpanel
Recorder
START/STOP
controlterminal
"FOR PEN
range
Pen Recorder
(X-Y Recorder)
Memory
OUT terminal
To recordmemorydata with penrecorder(X-Yrecorder),
makeconnectionasshowninFig.7 andoperatethescope
as follows:
1. Changethe position ofthe CLOCK modeswitch from
SCOPE toPEN(Setthe CLOCK toINTandthe DISPLAY
MODE toDUALor MEMORY). Itmaybesetto REAL
whilethe FREE RUN function ison.
2. SetthePEN SPEED knobtoeitherthe10,20or50ms
position.
3. Depressthe START (memorydatais outputted wordby
word).
Note
Ifthepenrecorderhasanexternal START/STOP control
terminal,the timing pulse output isobtained from the
READ OUTFOR PEN terminal(BNC)attherearpanel.The
START signalis outputted inGNDlevel.
To obtain theamplitudecycleof input signal from the
waveformrecordedbythepenrecorder,refertothesection
"Operation".
12
Detector
AMP]
,INPUT|
Set LEVEL knob
toNORMAL
*Set DELAY to2 ~ 5 divisions.
Y inputterminal
Fig. 5.Datarecordingwithpenrecorder

APPLICATIONS
Readout from external CLOCK
Whenthescopeisoperated with external CLOCK, itfunc-
tionsonlyasa readoutscopeanddoesnot function asa
write-inscope.Thereadout function isusefulwhenobser-
vinga magnifiedwaveform(magnifiedtoHORx5MAG).
Inthis case, the SWEEP TIME/DIV isdisabledsothe
waveformdisplayremainsthe same, except that the
sweep speedisvaried.Itisalsousedtoreadoutthe
MEMORY OUTsignaltoanexternaldeviceata speedother
thanthescope'sreadoutspeed(INT CLOCK), ortotransfer
thedatawordbywordbyconnecting digital output, tothe
externaldevice(seeFig.6).
Digitaloutput
(option)
(8 pitBinary)
Digitaldevice
Set CLOCK MODE
toEXT
Fig. 6.Transferofdigitalsignaldatawordbyword
toanotherdigitaldeviceusingexternalclock
APPLICATIONS OF OSCILLOSCOPE OPERATING
Phase Measurement
Phase measurementsmaybemade with anoscilloscope.
Typical applicationsareincircuitsdesignedtoproducea
specific phaseshift,andmeasurementofphaseshift
distortion inaudioamplifiersorotheraudionetworks.
Distortionsduetonon-linearamplificationisalsodisplayed
intheoscilloscopewaveform.
A sinewave input isappliedtotheaudiocircuitbeing
tested.Thesamesinewave input isappliedtothevertical
input oftheoscilloscope,andthe output ofthetestedcir-
cuitisappliedtothehorizontal input oftheoscilloscope.
The amountofphasedifferencebetweenthetwosignals
can becalculated from theresulting Lissajous' waveform.
To makephasemeasurements,usethe following pro-
cedures (refertoFig.7).
Audiosignal
generator
Audio
network
beingtested
Load
Adjust V.gainfor
convenientviewing
height
X-Y •
AC-
t3"
Fig. 7 Typicalphasemeasurement
13
(Clock of less than1 MHz)
EXT CLOCK terminalat
therearpanel

APPLICATIONS
1. Usinganaudiosignalgenerator with a puresinusoidal
signal, applya sinewavetestsignaltotheaudionet-
workbeingtested.
2. Setthesignalgenerator output forthenormaloperating
level ofthecircuitbeingtested.Observethecircuit's out-
putontheoscilloscopeandifthetestcircuitisoverdriven,
thesinewavedisplayisclippedandthesignallevelmustbe
reduced.
3. ConnecttheHOR.INPUTtothe output ofthetestcir-
cuit.
4. Setthe DISPLAY MODEtoX-Y.
5. Connecttheprobetothe input ofthetest
circuit.
6. Adjusttheverticalandhorizontalgaincontrolsfora
suitableviewing size.
7. SometypicalresultsareshowninFig.8.Ifthetwo
signals areinphase,theoscilloscopetraceisa straight
line.Iftheverticalandhorizontalgainareproperlyad-
justed,thislineisat45°angle.A 90°phaseshiftpro-
duces a circularoscilloscopepattern. Phase shiftof less
(ormore)than90°producesanelliptical Lissajous' pat-
tern.Theamountofphaseshiftcanbecalculatedbythe
method showninFig.9.
When, inparticular,theMU-1651memory unit iscon-
nectedanditsMEMORYOUTisappliedtoHOR INPUT,
thephaseoftwomemorizedwaveformscanbe
calculated.
WhenthreeMU-165K-T)unitsareused,X-Yoperation
betweeneachtracecanbeexecuted.Atsuchtimes,
turn off SMOOTHER switch(37).Referto INSTRUC-
TION MANUALonMU-1651indetails.
Fig. 8.Typiclphasemeasurementoscilloscope
displays
B
SINE 0 •= —
A
WHERE <t> = PHASEANGLE
Frequency Measurement
1. Connectthesinewaveofknownfrequencytothever-
tical input oftheoscilloscopeandsetthe DISPLAY
MODE switchtoX-Y.
2. Connectthevertical input probetothesignaltobe
measured.
3. Adjustthevertical input andhorizontal input forproper
sizes.
4. Theresulting Lissajous' patternshowsthe ratio between
thetwofrequencies(seeFig.10).
UNKNOWN FREQUENCY RATIOOF
TO VERTICAL INPUT.UNKNOWN
STANDARD FREQUENCY TO
TO HORIZONTALINPUTSTANDARD
SEE NOTE
SEE NOTE
NOTE ANYONEOF THESE FIGURES DEPENDINGUPON
PHASE RELATIONSHIP
Fig. 10. Lissajous' waveformsusedforfrequency
measurement
14
Fig. 9 . Phaseshiftcalculation
W: 1
1 : 1
1V4 : '1
6 : 1
NO AMPLITUDE DISTORTION
NO PHASESHIFT •
AMPLITUDE DISTORTION
NO PHASESHIFT
180 OUT OF PHASE
NO AMPLITUDE DISTORTION
PHASESHIFT
AMPLITUDE DISTORTION
PHASESHIFT
90 OUT OF PHASE

APPLICATIONS
AmplifierSquareWaveTest
Introduction
A squarewavegeneratorandtheoscilloscopecanbeused
toobservevarioustypesof distortion presentinelectriccir-
cuits. A squarewaveofa givenfrequencycontainsa large
numberofoddharmonicsofthatfrequency.Ifa 500Hz
square waveisinjected into a circuit,frequencycom-
ponentsof1.5kHz,2.5kHzand3.5kHzarealsoprovid-
ed. Since vacuumtubesandtransistorsarenon-linear,itis
difficult toamplifyandreproducea squarewavewhichis
identicaltothe input signal.Interelectrodecapacitances,
junctioncapacitances,straycapacitancesaswellasnar-
rowbanddevicesandtransformerresponsearethefactors
whichprevent faithful responseofa squarewavesignal.A
welldesignedamplifiercanminimizethe distortion caused
bytheselimitations.Poorlydesignedordefective
amplifierscanintroduce distortion tothe point wheretheir
performanceisunsatisfactory.Asstatedbefore,a square
wave containsa largenumberofoddharmonics.Byinjec-
ting a 500Hzsinewave into anamplifier,wecanevaluate
amplifierresponseat500Hzonly,butbyinjectinga
square waveofthesamefrequencywecanunderstand
howtheamplifierwouldresponseto input signals from
500 Hzuptothe 1 5thor21stharmonic.
The needforsquarewaveevaluationbecomesapparentif
we realizethatsomeaudioamplifierswillberequiredduring
normaluseto pass simultaneouslya largenumberof dif-
ferentfrequencies.Witha squarewave,wecanevaluate
thequalityof input and output characteristicsofa signal
containinga largenumberoffrequencycomponentssuch
as complexwaveformsofmusicalinstrumentsorvoices.
The squarewave output ofthesignalgeneratormustbe
extremelyflat.Theoscilloscopevertical input shouldbeset
toDCasitwillintroducetheleastdistortion,especiallyat
lowfrequencies. Because oftheharmoniccontentofthe
square wave, distortion willoccurbeforetheupperendof
theamplifierbandpass.
Itshouldbenotedthattheactualresponsecheckofan
amplifiershouldbemadeusinga sinewavesignal. This is
especially important inan limited bandpassamplifiersuch
as a voiceamplifier.
The squarewavesignalprovidesa quickcheckofamplifier
performanceandwillgiveanestimateofoverallamplifier
quality.Thesquarewavealsowillrevealsomedeficiencies
notreadilyapparentwhenusinga sinewavesignal.
Whethera sinewaveorsquarewaveisusedfortestingthe
amplifier,itis important thatthemanufacturer'sspecifica-
tionsontheamplifierarebasedoninordertomakea better
judgementofitsperformance.
Testing Procedure(refertoFig.11):
1. Connectthe output ofthesquarewavegeneratortothe
input oftheamplifierbeingtested.
2. Connectthevertical input probeoftheoscilloscopeto
the output oftheamplifier.
3. IftheDCcomponentoftheamplifier output islow,set
the AC-GND-DC switchtoDCpositiontoallow both the
AC andDCcomponentstobeviewed.However,theAC
positionmaybeusedtoobservetheACcomponenton-
ly, though thiswillreducetheaudiofrequencycontent
of less than5 Hz.
4. Adjusttheverticalgaincontrolsfora convenientview-
ingheight.
5. Adjustthesweeptimecontrolsforonecycleofsquare
wave displayonthe screen.
6. Fora close-upviewofa portion ofthesquarewave,use
theX5magnification.
Square wave
generator
INPUT
Amplifier
circuitbeing
tested
OUTPUT
Adjustsweep
speed for1
cycle display
Fig. 11.Equipmentset-upforsquarewavetestingofamplifiers
15
INT
+SLOPE
AdjustV.gain
forconvenient•
viewingheight
DC

APPLICATIONS
Analysing theWaveforms:
The shortrisetimewhichoccursatthebeginningofthe
half-cycle iscreatedbythein-phasesumofthemedium
and highfrequencysinewavecomponents.Thesame
holdstrueforthedroptime.Thereductioninhighfrequen-
cy componentsshouldproducea roundingofthesquare
corners atallfourpointsofonesquarewavecycle(seeFig.
12).
Distortioncanbeclassified into thefollowingthree
categories:
1. Thefirstisfrequencydistortionandreferstothechange
intheamplitudeofa complexwaveform.Inother
words, theintroductioninanamplifiercircuitof reso-
nantnetworksorselectivefilterscreatedbycombina-
tion ofreactivecomponentswillcreatepeaksordipsin
an otherwoseflatfrequencyresponsecurve.
2. Thesecondisnon-lineardistortionandreferstoa
change inwaveshapeproducedbyapplicationofthe
waveshape tonon-linearelementssuchasvacuum
tubes, anironcoretransformerora clippernetwork.
3. The third isdelayorphasedistortion,whichisdistortion
producedbya shiftinphasebetweensomecomponents
ofa complexwaveform.
Inactualpractice,a changeinamplitudeofa square
wave componentisusuallycausedbya frequency
selective networkwhichincludescapacity,inductance
orboth.ThepresenceoftheC orL introducesa dif-
ference inphaseanglebetweencomponents,creating
phase distortionordelaydistortion.Therefore,insquare
wave testingofpracticalcircuitry,wewillusually find
thatthedistortedsquarewaveincludesa combination
ofamplitudeandphasedistortions.
Ina typicalwidebandamplifier,a squarewavecheck
reveals manydistortioncharacteristicsofthecircuit.
The responseofanamplifierisindicatedinFig.13,
revealing poorlow-frequencyresponsealongwiththe
overcompensated high-frequencyboost.Theresponse
of100Hzsquarewaveappliedtotheamplifierwillap-
pear asinFig.14A.Thefigureindicatessatisfactory
mediumfrequencyresponse(approximately1 kHzto
2 kHz)butshowspoorlowfrequencyresponse.Next,a
1 kHzsquarewaveappliedtotheinputoftheamplifier
willappearasinFig.14B. This figuredisplaysgoodfre-
quency responseintheregionof1000to4000Hzbut
reveals a sharpriseatthetopoftheleadingedgeofthe
square wavebecauseofovercompensationatthefre-
quencies ofmorethan10kHz.
As a ruleofthumb,itcanbesafelysaidthata squarewave
can beusedtorevealresponseandphaserelationshipsup
tothe 1 5thor20thoddharmonicoruptoapproximately
40 timesthefundamentalofthesquare wave. Itis seen
thatwide-bandcircuitrywillrequireatleasttwofrequency
check pointstoproperlyanalyzetheentirebandpass.
Inthe case illustratedbyFig.13,a 100Hzsquarewave
willencompasscomponentsuptoabout4 kHz.Toanalyze
above 4 kHzandbeyond10,000Hz,a 1 kHzsquarewave
shouldbe used.
Fig. 12.Squarewaveresponsewithhighfrequency
loss
Fig. 13. Response curveofamplifierwithpoorlow
and highends
100HZ
SQUARE
WAVE
A
1 KHZ
SQUARE
WAVE
B
Fig. 14.Resultant100Hzand1 kHzsquarewaves
fromamplifierinFig.13.
16
RESPONSE

APPLICATIONS
Now, the regionbetween 100Hzand400HzinFig.13
shows a rise from poorlow-frequency(1000 Hzto1 kHz)
response toa flattening out from beyond 1000and
4000 Hz. Therefore, <wecan expectthat the higherfre-
quency components inthe100Hz squarewavewill be
relatively normal in amplitude and phase but that thelow-
frequency components "B" in this same squarewavewill
be modified bythe poorlow-frequencyresponse of this
amplifier(seeFig. 14A).
If the amplifierwere such asto onlydepress thelow fre-
quency components inthe square wave, a curvesimilar to
Fig. 15 would be obtained.However,reduction in
amplitude ofthe components is ususally caused bya reac-
tiveelement, causing, in turn, a phaseshift ofthe com-
ponents, producting thetiltas shown in Fig. 14A.
Fig. 16 reveals a graphicaldevelopment ofa similarly tilted
square wave. The tiltis seen tobe caused bythe strong in-
fluence ofthe phase-shifted 3rd harmonic. It also becomes
evidentthatveryslightshifts in phase are quicklyshown
up bytiltinthe square wave. Fig.17 indicates thetiltin
square waveproduced bya 10° phaseshift ofa low-
frequency element ina leadingdirection.Fig. 18 indicates a
10° phaseshift ina low-frequencycomponent ina lagging
direction.The tilts areopposite inthetwo cases because of
thedifference in polarity ofthe phaseangle inthetwo
cases as can be checked through algebraic addition of com-
ponents.
Fig. 19 indicateslow-frequencycomponentswhichhave
been reduced in amplitude and shifted in phase. It will be
notedthattheseexamples of low-frequency distoriton are
characterized by change in shape ofthe flat portion ofthe
square wave.
Fig. 14B shows a high-frequencyovershootproduced by
rising amplifierresponse atthe highfrequencies. It should
again be notedthatthisovershoot makes itselfevident at
the topofthe leadingedge ofthe square wave. Thesharp
rise ofthe leadingedge is created bythe summation ofa
large number of harmoniccomponents. Ifan obnormal rise
inamplifierresponseoccurs at highfrequencies, the high
frequency components inthe squarewavewill be amplified
larger than the othercomponentscreating a higher
algebraic sum along the leadingedge.
Fig. 20 indicateshigh-frequencyboost inan amplifier ac-
companied bya lightly damped"shock"transient. In this
case, the suddentransition inthe squarewavepotential
from a sharplyrising,relativelyhighfrequencyvoltage, toa
level value of low-frequencyvoltage,supplies the energy
foroscillation inthe resonantnetwork. If thisnetwork in
theamplifier is reasonablyheavilydamped,then a single
cycle transientoscillation maybe produced as indicated in
Fig. 21.
Fig. 22 summarizes the precedingexplanations and serves
as handyreference.
Fig. 15- Reduction of squarewavefundamental
frequency component in turnedcircuit
Fig. 16. Squarewave tilt resultingfrom 3rd
harmonic phase shift
Fig. 17. Tiltresultingfrom phase shift of funda-
mentalfrequency ina leadingdirection
17
F x 3
F x 3 OUTOF PHASE (LEAD)
F x 1
F X 1 OUTOF PHASE (LEAD)

APPLICATIONS
Fig. 19.Lowfrequencycomponent loss and
phase shift
Fig. 21.Effectofhigh-frequencyboostand
gooddamping
F x 1 OUTOF PHASE (LAG)
Fig. 18 Tilt resulting from a phase shiftoffunda-
mental frequencyina laggingdirection
Fig. 20.Effectofhigh-frequencyboostandpoor
damping
18

APPLICATIONS
A. Frequency distortion (amplitudereduc-
tion oflow-frequencycomponent).No
phase shift.
B. Low-frequencyboost(accentuatedfun-
idamental).
C. High-frequency loss — Nophaseshift.
D.Low-frequencyphaseshift.
E. Low-frequency loss andphaseshift.
F. High-frequency loss andlow-frequency
phase shift.
G. High-frequency loss andphaseshift. H. Dampedoscillation.
I. Low-frequencyphaseshift(tracethick-
ened byhum-voltage).
Fig.22.Summaryofwaveform analysis forsquarewavetestingamplifiers
PRECAUTIONS
When input signalcontainstheelementofonehalfor less
ofthesamplingfrequency(at10m sec/div,10kHzby
0.1m sec,or1/100of10m sec),even though thisisin
thecriticalrangeinuse,a phenomena(Aliasing) will occur
bywhichasifsomeelementotherthan input signal,which
infactdoesnotexist,isindicatedinthefrequencyrangeof
onehalfor less ofthesamplingfrequency.
19

PRECAUTIONS
1. Donotexposetheunittodirectsunlight.
2. Installtheunitina cool,dust-freeplace.
3. Avoidinstallingtheunitinlocationssubjecttovibra-
tions,strongelectricfieldsandimpactvoltages.
4. Donotapplyinputvoltageexceedingtheirmaximum
ratings.
The inputvoltageappliedtotheverticalamplifier
shouldnotexceed600Vp-por300V (DC+ AC
peak), EXT CLOCK isupto20V andtheinputtoEXT
TRIG isupto20V (DC+ AC peak).
Donotconnectexternalvoltagetoany output ter-
minals.
5. Donotincreasetheintensitymorethan necessary.
6. Whentheunitistobeleftunusedwiththe bright spot
onthe screen, turn downthe INTENSITY controland
FOCUS control.
7. Topreventelectrical shocks, besuretoconnectthe
GND ( onthe front panel)toanappropiateearth point.
8. Whenthe SMOOTHER switch(37)isON,thefrequen-
cy responseofthevertical axis amplifierformemoriz-
ed signalsdrops.Thenumberofmemorizedwaveform
peaks onthescreenisgreatortherisingspeedof
waveformisrapid,theiramplitudesmaybecome
smaller thanthoseofmemorizedsignals.
9. Thehandleoftheunitcanbesettothedesiredangle
so thattheunitisinclinedfor easy operation.The han-
dleturnsin 1 5 degree steps.
Donotputanyobjectsonthetopoftheunitorcover
theventilationholesofthe case, asitwillincreasethe
temperatureinthe case.
10. Automaticsweepstartsbychangingverticalinput
selector switch (AC-GND-DC) into GND.
MAINTENANCE ANDADJUSTMENT
MAINTENANCE
Removal of case
1. Liftthehandletheuprightposition.
2. Removethefour screws holdingthe case attherearus-
inga Philipstypescrewdriver.
3. Push therearpanelandtheunitcanberemovedfrom
the case.
Caution
Highvoltageofupto2000VispresentattheCRT
socket, powersupplycircuitboardand FOCUS control.
To preventelectricalshock,besureto turn offthe
powerwhenremovingthe case. Special careshouldbe
used nottotouchthehighvoltagecircuitsafterthe case
has beenremoved.
VoltageConversion
(1) Theunitisfactoryadjustedtooperateon240V AC.
When theunitistobeoperatedfrom100V,120V or
220 V,besuretochangetheconnectionofthe
voltageselectorplugattherearpanelobservingthear-
rowmarkprovidedontheplug.Foroperationon100
or120V,replacethefusewithoneof1.5A rating.
For operationon120V,plugthevoltageselectorto
117V position.
(2) Fuse is fitted inthefuseholderattherearpanel.
ADJUSTMENT
Before makingadjustments,thefollowingpointsmustbe
observed:
1. Theadjustmentitemsoutlinedbelowhavebeenfactory
alignedpriortoshipment.Ifreadjustmentsbecome
necessary, makecertainthatthepowersupplyvoltage
is properlycalibrated(exceptforadjustmentofprobe).
2. Adjustmentscanbemadebythesemi-fixed resistors
and trimmers.Usea wellinsulated flat blade
screwdriver.
3. Highvoltage(about2000V)ispresentonthe POWER
SUPPLY circuit.Besureto turn offthepowerbefore
removingthecircuitboards.
4. Toinsureoptimumresults,warmuptheunitformore
thanabout30minutesbeforemakingadjustments.
DC BALAdjustment
1. DCBAL(1)adjustment
Ifthetracemovesupordownatparticularrangeswhen
theverticalattenuator (VOLTS/DIV) isturned,perform
thefollowingadjustment.
(1) Setthe DISPLAY MODEto REAL andtheinput
selector switch (AC-GND-DC)'to GND,thensetthe
trace inthecenterofthe scale.
(2) Turntheverticalattenuator VARIABLE fully
counterclockwise andadjustthe STEP BALVRso
thatthetraceisstationaryatallrangeswhenthe
VOLTS/DIV isturned.
20