TSI Instruments 3075 User manual

Model 3075/3076
Constant Output Atomizer
Instruction Manual
P/N 1933076, Revision H
October 2002
Particle Instruments

Product Overview 1
Model 3075/3076
Constant Out
p
ut
Unpacking the
Atomizer
2
Atomizer Setting Up the
Atomizer
3
Instruction Manual Operating the
Atomizer
4
Atomizer
Applications
5
Atomizer
Maintenance and
Service
6
Appendixes

Manual History
ii
The following is a manual history of the Model 3075/3076 Constant
Output Atomizer Instruction Manual (Part Number 1933076).
Revision Date
First Version
A
B March 1989
C June 1993
D January 1994
E September 1994
F May 1996
August 1998
G July 2000
H October 2002
Revision C of this manual reformats the manual, modifies the setup
instructions, and adds the Safety section.
In revision D, TSI’s customer service number was changed.
In revision E, revisions were made throughout the manual.
In revision F, TSI’s “Limitation of Warranty and Liability” on page iii
was updated.
In August 1998, TSI’s area code was changed from 612 to 651.
In revision G, TSI’s Limitation of Warranty and Liability was
updated.
In revision H, TSI’s phone numbers and address were updated.

iii
Part Number 1933076 / Revision H / October 2002
Copyright ©TSI Incorporated /1986–2002 / All rights reserved.
Address TSI Incorporated / 500 Cardigan Road / St. Paul, MN 55126 / USA
Fax No. [phone]
E-mail Address [email protected]
Limitation of Warranty
and Liability
(effective July 2000)
Seller warrants the goods sold hereunder, under normal use and service as
described in the operator's manual, shall be free from defects in workmanship and
material for (12) months, or the length of time specified in the operator's manual,
from the date of shipment to the customer. This warranty period is inclusive of any
statutory warranty. This limited warranty is subject to the following exclusions:
a. Hot-wire or hot-film sensors used with research anemometers, and certain other
components when indicated in specifications, are warranted for 90 days from
the date of shipment.
b. Parts repaired or replaced as a result of repair services are warranted to be free
from defects in workmanship and material, under normal use, for 90 days from
the date of shipment.
c. Seller does not provide any warranty on finished goods manufactured by others
or on any fuses, batteries or other consumable materials. Only the original
manufacturer's warranty applies.
d. Unless specifically authorized in a separate writing by Seller, Seller makes no
warranty with respect to, and shall have no liability in connection with, goods
which are incorporated into other products or equipment, or which are modified
by any person other than Seller.
The foregoing is IN LIEU OF all other warranties and is subject to the LIMITATIONS
stated herein. NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR
PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY IS MADE.
TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF THE USER
OR BUYER, AND THE LIMIT OF SELLER'S LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL LOSSES,
INJURIES, OR DAMAGES CONCERNING THE GOODS (INCLUDING CLAIMS BASED
ON CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE, TORT, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE) SHALL
BE THE RETURN OF GOODS TO SELLER AND THE REFUND OF THE PURCHASE
PRICE, OR, AT THE OPTION OF SELLER, THE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE
GOODS. IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES. SELLER SHALL NOT BE
RESPONSIBLE FOR INSTALLATION, DISMANTLING OR REINSTALLATION COSTS
OR CHARGES. No Action, regardless of form, may be brought against Seller more
than 12 months after a cause of action has accrued. The goods returned under
warranty to Seller's factory shall be at Buyer's risk of loss, and will be returned, if at
all, at Seller's risk of loss.
Service Policy Knowing that inoperative or defective instruments are as detrimental to TSI as they
are to our customers, our service policy is designed to give prompt attention to any
problems. If any malfunction is discovered, please contact your nearest sales office
or representative, or call TSI’s Customer Service department at 1-800-874-2811
(USA) or [phone].

iv Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer

Safety
v
This section gives instructions to promote safe and proper handling
of the Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer.
The Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer is designed to
release aerosol to a system that is at atmospheric pressure.
Therefore, the pressure at the outlet of the Atomizer should be
maintained close to atmospheric pressure (below 10 psig).
The atomizer is equipped with a pressure relief valve that actuates
whenever the pressure in the bottle exceeds 10 psig. The valve will
reseal when pressure in the bottle is reduced below 10 psig.
However:
 Do not operate the Atomizer with an outlet pressure exceeding
10 psig in a closed system. Operating the Atomizer above this
pressure may result in damage to the plastic-coated glass
bottle, which can shatter and cause serious personal injury.
 Experiments have shown the plastic-coated glass bottle may
explode at pressures exceeding 80 psig. Before applying
compressed air to the Atomizer, check your system to ensure no
blockage of the Atomizer can occur at the Atomizer outlet.
 The plastic-coated glass bottle may weaken or develop cracks
from shock, excessive use, or chemical attack, resulting in
fractures at pressures well below 80 psig. Before attaching the
bottle to your system, check the bottle to ensure there is no
structural weakness. If you suspect your bottle is damaged,
contact TSI Incorporated for replacement information.
Note: Refer to Chapter 6 of this manual for instructions on
contacting technical personnel at TSI.
!
WARNING
Do not operate the Atomizer with an outlet pressure exceeding 10 psig in a
closed system. Operating the Atomizer with an outlet pressure greater than
10 psig may result in damage to the plastic-coated glass bottle, which can shatter
and cause serious personal injury. The atomizer is equipped with a pressure
relief safety valve that releases pressures above 10 psig from within the bottle.
Never block the outlet of this valve or remove the valve from the bottle cap.

vi Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer

Contents
vii
Manual History .......................................................................... ii
Safety ..........................................................................................v
About This Manual.....................................................................xi
Purpose................................................................................. xi
Organization ......................................................................... xi
Related Product Literature ................................................... xii
Reusing and Recycling ......................................................... xii
Getting Help.........................................................................xiii
Submitting Comments .........................................................xiv
Chapters
1 Product Overview ............................................................. 1-1
Introduction ........................................................................ 1-1
How the Atomizer Works ..................................................... 1-2
2 Unpacking the Atomizer .................................................. 2-1
Unpacking List.................................................................... 2-1
Unpacking Instructions....................................................... 2-2
3 Setting Up the Atomizer .................................................. 3-1
Meeting Clean Air Requirements ......................................... 3-1
Selecting and Preparing the Solution................................... 3-2
Setting Up the Model 3076 Atomizer ................................... 3-2
Before You Begin ........................................................... 3-2
Setting Up in the Recirculation Mode............................. 3-2
Modifying the Model 3076 for use in Nonrecirculation
Mode .......................................................................... 3-4
Setting Up the Model 3075 Atomizer ................................... 3-5
Before You Begin ........................................................... 3-5
Setting Up in the Nonrecirculation Mode ....................... 3-6
Modifying the Model 3075 for use in the Recirculation
Mode .......................................................................... 3-8
4 Operating the Atomizer ................................................... 4-1
Operating in the Recirculating Mode ................................... 4-1
Operating in the Nonrecirculating Mode .............................. 4-2
Drying the Aerosol............................................................... 4-3
Neutralizing the Aerosol ...................................................... 4-4

viii Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer
5 Atomizer Applications ..................................................... 5-1
Generating Solid Particles ................................................... 5-1
Generating Oil Aerosol ........................................................ 5-6
Dispersing Polystyrene Latex Particles ................................ 5-6
Dispersing Solid Particles.................................................... 5-6
6 Atomizer Maintenance and Service ................................. 6-1
Maintaining the Atomizer .................................................... 6-1
Servicing the Atomizer......................................................... 6-3
Technical Contacts ........................................................ 6-3
Returning the Atomizer for Service ................................ 6-3
Appendixes
A Specifications .................................................................... A-1
B Technical Paper .................................................................B-1
C Bibliography........................................................................C-1
Figures
1-1 Model 3076 Constant Output Atomizer.............................. 1-1
1-2 Model 3075/3076 Schematic............................................. 1-3
3-1 Model 3076 Atomizer in the Recirculation Mode ................ 3-3
3-2 Model 3076 Atomizer Modified for the
Nonrecirculation Mode..................................................... 3-5
3-3 Model 3075 Atomizer in the Nonrecirculation Mode ........... 3-7
4-1 Model 3062 Diffusion Dryer .............................................. 4-4
5-1 Particle Diameter Mean, Mode and Standard Deviation vs.
Salt Concentration .......................................................... 5-1
5-2 Size Distribution of Sodium Chloride Aerosols Generated
by the Atomizer ............................................................... 5-2
5-3 Typical Number Distribution of a Sodium Chloride
Aerosol Atomized from 0.001 gram/cm3Solution ............ 5-3
5-4 Typical Surface Area Distribution of a Sodium Chloride
Aerosol Atomized from 0.001 gram/cm3Solution ............ 5-4

Contents ix
5-5 Typical Volume Distribution of a Sodium Chloride
Aerosol Atomized from 0.001 gram/cm3Solution ............ 5-5
5-6 Using the Atomizer to Generate Carbon Black Aerosol ...... 5-7
5-7 Output of the Electrical Aerosol Detector Without
Damping ......................................................................... 5-9
5-8 Output of the Electrical Aerosol Detector With Damping . 5-10
6-1 Atomizer Assembly ............................................................ 6-2
Tables
2-1 Model 3075/3076 Atomizer Accessory Kit.......................... 2-1
A-1 Specifications of the Model 3075/3076 Constant Output
Atomizer ..........................................................................A-1

x Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer

About This Manual
xi
Purpose
This is an instruction manual for the operation and maintenance of
the Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer.
Organization
The following is a guide to the organization of this manual:
Chapter 1: Product Overview
This chapter introduces the Model 3075/3076 Constant Output
Atomizer, gives a list of features, and provides a brief operating
description of the instrument.
Chapter 2: Unpacking the Atomizer
This chapter contains a packing list and gives unpacking
instructions for the Atomizer.
Chapter 3: Setting Up the Atomizer
This chapter contains procedures for setting up the Atomizer in
recirculation and nonrecirculation modes.
Chapter 4: Operating the Atomizer
This chapter contains operating precautions and operating
procedures for the Atomizer.
Chapter 5: Atomizer Applications
This chapter contains information on generating different kinds
of particles with the Atomizer.
Chapter 6: Atomizer Maintenance and Service
This chapter gives some routine maintenance recommendations
and directions for contacting technical resources at TSI or
instructions on returning the Atomizer for service.
Appendix A: Specifications
This appendix contains operating specifications for the Atomizer.

xii Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer
Appendix B: Technical Paper
This appendix contains a technical paper on the Atomizer.
Appendix C: Bibliography
This appendix contains a list of references used in writing this
manual.
Related Product Literature
Model 3074 Filtered Air Supply (part number 1933074) TSI
Incorporated
This manual contains setup and operating instructions for a
filtered air supply, which can be used with the Model 3075/3076
Constant Output Atomizer.
Model 3012 Aerosol Neutralizer (part number 1933012) TSI
Incorporated
This manual contains specifications and installation instructions
for the Model 3012 Neutralizer, which can be used with the
Model 3075/3076 Atomizer to neutralize charged particles.
Model 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer (part number 1933077) TSI
Incorporated
This manual contains specifications and installation instructions
for the Model 3077 Neutralizer, which can be used with the
Model 3075/3076 Atomizer to neutralize charged particles.
Reusing and Recycling
As part of TSI Incorporated’s effort to have a minimal negative
impact on the communities in which its products are
manufactured and used:
This manual uses recyclable paper.
This manual has been shipped, along with the instrument, in a
reusable carton.

About This Manual xiii
Getting Help
To obtain assistance with the Model 3075/3076 Constant Output
Atomizer, either refer to Chapter 6, “Atomizer Maintenance and
Service,” or contact Customer Service:
TSI Incorporated
500 Cardigan Road
St. Paul, MN 55126 USA
Fax: [phone]
Telephone: [phone] (USA) or [phone]
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Submitting Comments
TSI values your comments and suggestions on this manual. Please
use the comment sheet on the last page of this manual to send us
your opinion on the manual’s usability, to suggest specific
improvements, or to report any technical errors.
If the comment sheet has already been used, mail your comments
on another sheet of paper to:
TSI Incorporated
Particle Instruments
500 Cardigan Road
St. Paul, MN 55126
Fax: [phone]
E-mail Address: [email protected]

CHAPTER 1
Product Overview
1-1
This chapter introduces the Model 3075/3076 Constant Output
Atomizer, gives a list of features, and provides a brief operating
description of the instrument.
Introduction
The Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer, shown in
Figure 1-1, generates submicron aerosols that can atomize most
solutions or suspensions.
Figure 1-1
Model 3076 Constant Output Atomizer

1-2 Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer
The Atomizer comes in two models: Model 3075 and Model 3076.
Model 3075 is equipped with a syringe pump for operation in the
nonrecirculation mode; the Model 3076, used as a conventional
recirculation atomizer, does not have a syringe pump. Either model
can be modified to work in either mode.
The number median diameter of the droplets the Atomizer
generates is about 0.3 micrometer and the geometric standard
deviation is less than 1.9. The mean particle size of the generated
aerosol can be varied between 0.02 and 0.3 micrometer by
atomizing a solution and evaporating the solvent.
A common problem of conventional atomizers is that the solvent
gradually evaporates in the Atomizer, causing the solution that
remains in the reservoir to become more concentrated and thus
yield larger aerosol particles. A significant increase in particle size
occurs within several minutes when using volatile solvents such as
alcohol. The Model 3075 Atomizer eliminates this problem by
preventing the recirculation of the solution. A syringe pump
supplies fresh solution to the atomizing jet and a separate liquid
reservoir collects the solution that is not atomized.
Tight tolerances are maintained for all critical dimensions of the
Atomizer to ensure the accuracy of its output particle size. The
characteristics of typical aerosols are included in this manual for
reference.
How the Atomizer Works
This section provides a simple theory of operation for the
Model 3075/3026 Constant Output Atomizer. As you read this
section, use Figure 1-2 as a reference.
Compressed air expands through the diameter orifice to form a
high-velocity jet. Liquid is supplied to the atomizing section
through a vertical passage and is then atomized by the jet. Large
droplets are removed by impaction on the wall opposite the jet and
excess liquid is drained at the bottom of the atomizer section. Fine
spray leaves the Atomizer through a fitting at the top.

Product Overview 1-3
Aerosol Out
0.0135 Dia.
Hole in 3/8 Dia. Disc.
Compressed
Air In
O-Ring
Liquid In
Excess Liquid
to Closed
Reservoir
Figure 1-2
Model 3075/3076 Schematic

1-4 Model 3075/3076 Constant Output Atomizer
The Atomizer may be used as both a conventional recirculating
atomizer (Model 3076) and as a nonrecirculating atomizer
(Model 3075). In the recirculating mode, recommended for water-
based solutions, the liquid is drawn in from the 1-liter bottle
(supplied) and the excess liquid drains into the same container. In
the nonrecirculating mode, recommended for volatile solvents, the
liquid is drawn from one container and the excess liquid drains into
a separate container. See Chapter 3 for instructions on setting up
the Atomizer in recirculation and nonrecirculation modes.
The Model 3075 Atomizer syringe pump has 30 gear positions. If
you ordered a Model 3075, see the manufacturer’s instruction
sheet for operating instructions for the pump.