UNAOHM EP2500 User manual

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0) 1
INDEX
1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS & GENERAL WARNINGS............................................................4
1.1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ................................................................................................. 4
1.2 GENERAL WARNINGS ................................................................................................... 5
1.3 MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................... 5
1.4 NOTES................................................................................................................................ 5
2 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................6
3 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS.......................................................................................................7
3.1 SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................. 7
4 ACCESSORIES............................................................................................................................11
4.1 STANDARD ACCESSORIES ......................................................................................... 11
4.2 OPTIONALS .................................................................................................................... 11
4.3 ANCILLARY INSTRUMENTS ...................................................................................... 11
5 CONTROLS and CONNECTIONS ...........................................................................................14
5.1 FRONT PANEL................................................................................................................ 14
5.2 LEFT SIDE PANEL ......................................................................................................... 15
5.3 RIGHT SIDE PANEL....................................................................................................... 15
6 POWER SUPPLY ........................................................................................................................16
6.1 PREPARING THE INSTRUMENT FOR USE ............................................................... 16
6.2 BATTERY REPLACEMENT .......................................................................................... 16
6.3 POWER SUPPLY MODES.............................................................................................. 18
6.3.1 Low Battery Indication.............................................................................................. 18
6.4 11VDC. AUXILIARY OUTPUT SOURCE OF POWER ............................................... 18
7 OPERATING MODE ..................................................................................................................19
7.1 DEFAULT CONDITIONS ............................................................................................... 19
7.2 ON SCREEN DISPLAY................................................................................................... 19
7.2.1 Screen Saver.............................................................................................................. 19
7.3 VOLUME, BRIGHTNESS & CONTRAST ADJUSTMENTS ....................................... 19
7.4 USE of DIGIT KEYS, SHAFT ENCODER, ARROWS for NUMBER ENTRIES 19
7.5 RESET .............................................................................................................................. 20
7.6 TUNING ........................................................................................................................... 20
7.6.1 SAT Tuning by Means of Transponder Frequency ................................................... 20
7.7 ATTENUATOR................................................................................................................ 21
7.8 LNB. REMOTE POWER SUPPLY TO LNB.................................................................. 21
7.9 22 kHz COMMAND SIGNAL ......................................................................................... 21
7.10 DiSEqC ............................................................................................................................. 22
7.10.1 How to Engage the 22 kHz Tone............................................................................... 22
7.10.2 Transmission of a DiSEqC 1.1 Command ................................................................ 22
7.10.3 DiSEqC 1.2 for Steerable Dishes.............................................................................. 22
7.10.4 User-Defined DiSEqC 1.1 Commands...................................................................... 24
7.11 MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH................................................................................... 25
7.12 FUNCTION ...................................................................................................................... 25
7.13 SPECTRUM ANALYSER FUNCTION .......................................................................... 25
7.13.1 Video Filter............................................................................................................... 26
7.14 SPECTRUM EXPANDED FUNCTION.......................................................................... 26

UNAOHM
2EP2500 (Rev. 0)
7.15 MEASUREMENT FUNCTION ....................................................................................... 27
7.15.1 Measurement Demodulator Selection....................................................................... 28
7.15.2 Audio Signal Reception............................................................................................. 28
7.15.3 Audio Monitor........................................................................................................... 28
7.15.4 Aural Duplication of Signal Level or DCP Measurement........................................ 28
7.15.5 Video Signal Quality................................................................................................. 29
7.16 TV & TELETEXT FUNCTION....................................................................................... 29
7.16.1 Selection of the TV-Standard .................................................................................... 29
7.16.2 Synch Pulse Display.................................................................................................. 29
7.17 MONITOR FUNCTION................................................................................................... 30
7.18 USE OF THE PROGRAM MEMORIES ......................................................................... 30
7.19 SPECIAL MEASUREMENTS......................................................................................... 30
7.19.1 Video-to-Audio Ratio ................................................................................................ 31
7.19.2 (DCP) Digital Channel Power.................................................................................. 31
7.19.3 Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (C/N).................................................................................... 32
7.19.4 QPSK, QAM or OFDM Demodulator for Digital Signals........................................ 32
7.19.5 QAM and OFDM CH BER Estimation..................................................................... 32
7.19.5.1 OFDM CH BER Estimation............................................................................... 32
7.19.5.2 QAM BER Estimation......................................................................................... 33
7.20 DATA LOGGER .............................................................................................................. 33
7.20.1 How to Carry Out an Acquisition............................................................................. 34
7.20.2 Definition of Measurements and Parameters to Acquire.......................................... 34
7.20.3 Inspection of the Stored Measurements.................................................................... 34
7.20.4 Cancellation of All Data Stored................................................................................ 35
7.20.5 Cancellation of the Last Datum Stored..................................................................... 35
7.20.6 Data Download......................................................................................................... 35
7.20.6.1 RS232 Transmission Parameters ....................................................................... 35
7.21 USE OF THE SCART SOCKET...................................................................................... 35
7.21.1 Description of the Connections................................................................................. 36
7.22 RS232 SERIAL PORT CONNECTION........................................................................... 36
7.22.1 Connections............................................................................................................... 36
7.22.2 Transmission Format................................................................................................ 37
7.22.3 General Notes for Connection to a Personal Computer........................................... 37
7.23 USB PORT CONNECTION............................................................................................. 37
7.23.1 How to Load USB Drivers onto a PC....................................................................... 37
7.23.2 How to Use the USB Port Correctly......................................................................... 38
8 UTILITY ROUTINES.................................................................................................................38
8.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE MAIN MENU AND THE SUBMENUS ................................ 38
8.2 EXAMPLES...................................................................................................................... 39
8.2.1 Buzzer ON/OFF ........................................................................................................ 39
8.2.2 Video Filter............................................................................................................... 39
9 DVB-S DVB-C DVB-T DEMODULATORS.............................................................................40
9.1.1 QPSK Display Description ....................................................................................... 40
9.1.2 How to Use the QPSK Card...................................................................................... 41
9.1.3 OFDM Display Description...................................................................................... 42
9.1.4 How to Use the OFDM Card.................................................................................... 43
9.1.5 QAM Display Description......................................................................................... 43
9.1.6 How to Use the QAM Card....................................................................................... 44
10 MPEG CARD ...............................................................................................................................45
10.1 HOW TO USE THE MPEG CARD ................................................................................. 45

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0) 3
10.2 Description of the MPEG Network Information Table (NIT) .......................................... 46
10.2.1 MPEG Program Monitoring..................................................................................... 47
10.2.2 Audio Channel Selection........................................................................................... 47
10.2.3 Messages................................................................................................................... 47
11 APPENDIX A – LIST OF DiSEqC COMMANDS ...................................................................48
12 APPENDIX B – DVB-S DVB-C DVB-T MODULATION.......................................................50
12.1 INTRODUCTON.............................................................................................................. 50
12.2 DIGITAL MODULATIONS AND THEIR PARAMETERS .......................................... 50
12.3 BER................................................................................................................................... 51
12.4 QPSK MEASUREMENTS............................................................................................... 52
12.4.1 QPSK CH BER & POST-VITERBI BER Measurement............................................ 52
12.4.2 QPSK MER Measurement......................................................................................... 55
12.4.3 QPSK RU Count (Reed-Solomon Uncorrected) ....................................................... 55
12.4.4 Summary.................................................................................................................... 55
12.5 OFDM MEASUREMENTS ............................................................................................. 55
12.5.1 OFDM CH BER and Post Viterbi BER Measurement.............................................. 56
12.5.2 OFDM MER Measurements...................................................................................... 56
12.5.3 OFDM RU Count (Reed-Solomon Uncorrected)...................................................... 56
12.6 QAM MEASUREMENTS................................................................................................ 57
12.6.1 QAM CH BER Measurement .................................................................................... 57
12.6.2 QAM MER Measurement.......................................................................................... 58
12.6.3 QAM RU Count (Reed-Solomon Uncorrected)......................................................... 58
13 CHANNEL FORMAT TABLE...................................................................................................59
14 WARRANTY................................................................................................................................65
Unaohm Start S.p.A. reserve the right to change product specifications at any moment and
without notice, regardless of whether the change is of technical or commercial nature or being
implemented to comply with legal requirements of specific countries.
Data in this manual, therefore, may not be up-to-date.

UNAOHM
4EP2500 (Rev. 0)
1SAFETY PRECAUTIONS & GENERAL WARNINGS
The below-indicated safety precautions and general warnings must carefully be observed during all
phases of use, maintenance and servicing of the instrument to avoid damages to persons, animals and
property.
UNAOHM START S.p.A. assumes no responsibility for incorrect use of the instrument or if the
norms specified are not followed.
1.1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
•Supply the instrument with a voltage within the limits indicated in the specifications.
•Do not use the instrument unless completely housed with all covers.
•This instrument has been designed for use in covered environment. Do not expose it to rain,
dripping or moisture.
•Do not use the instrument in explosive environment due to the presence of gas or inflammable
fumes or dust.
•The instrument may be used in overvoltage Category II and Pollution Degree 2.
•Do not turn on the instrument immediately after transferring it from a very cold place to a hot one to
avoid condensation.
•Do not obstruct the instrument’s cooling slits or place it near strong sources of heat.
•For prolonged use in the lab or in fixed places, the instrument should be removed from the carrying
case to allow for better heat dissipation.
•Do not apply DC or RF voltages to the input connectors that are higher than those indicated.
•We recommend periodic inspections of the carrying strap, its spring catches and the related rings
since they could be damaged with use. As soon as a sign of wear is noticed, replace them.
•When the instrument is equipped with a battery, we recommend:
1) Do not shortcircuit the battery since it may explode.
2) Do not immerse the battery in water or place it in a flame.
3) Do not perforate or try to open the battery.
4) When replacing the battery, use a similar one and dispose of the old one in the
special ecological disposal containers.
5) Do not connect the battery with inverted polarity.
This symbol will appear when it is necessary for the user to consult the instruction manual
for additional information.
Be extremely careful. Dangerous voltages are present.
MARK
This instrument is in conformity with the following standards and documents:
EMC: EN 50082-1 * EN 55011 * EN 61000-3-2 * EN 61000-3-3 * IEC 801-2 * IEC801-3 * IEC 801-4
Safety: EN61010-1

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0) 5
1.2 GENERAL WARNINGS
•Do not expose the instrument to strong magnetic or electric (motors, transformers, solenoids) fields.
•All precautions have been taken to prevent foreign object, even very small, from getting into the
instrument. However this is still a frequent cause for internal shortcircuit. Therefore, we highly
recommend not to cut coaxial cables on top of the instrument since even very small pieces of wire
from the shielding braid could fall into it and cause occasional shortcircuiting which may even be
difficult for service and repair technicians to locate.
1.3 MAINTENANCE
The only maintenance permitted is: the connection or replacement of the battery, and fitting internal
accessories as specified in the manual.
Opening of the instrument and any further servicing must be carried out exclusively by qualified
personnel or, in any case, operator’s who have basic technical qualifications and electrical safety
knowledge.
•For instruments equipped with a battery please refer again to note 1.1.
•Do not come into contact with electrical parts which maintain an electric charge (such as capacitors)
even when not powered.
•Take appropriate measures against the build up of electrostatic charges. Do not touch internal
circuits unless wearing a special anti-static strap.
•To clean the outside surfaces:
1. Use a soft cloth and non aggressive liquid detergents avoiding petrol-based products.
2. Make sure liquids or other substances do not penetrate into the instrument.
1.4 NOTES
•The figures of accuracy quoted refer to the temperature reached by the instrument approx. 10÷15
minutes after turn on.
•Avoid falls and strong shocks to the instrument; make sure that the instrument is not subject to
shaking and vibrations during transport by placing it on an upholstered support.
•Before using the instrument we recommend you carefully read the instructions in this manual.
•To operate the instrument in a vertical position, instead of a horizontal one, lean it on its rear panel.
•A periodical operational check of the instrument is recommended at least on a yearly basis,
accompanied, if necessary, by an overall calibration. This will ensure years of trouble free operation.
Likewise, never allow the bag and the strap to wear off too much. Safety considerations require that
the bag and the strap are replaced when the first signs of tear and wear are about to arise. See 1.1.
for more details.
The level of the ionised rays emitted by the CRT is within EN 61010-1 norms. The radiation emitted by
this instrument is lower than 5µSv/h at a distance of 5cm from the CRT surface. Since the radiation
level mainly depends on the characteristics of the CRT and its related low and high voltage power
supply circuits, they must not be modified with respect to the original conditions as otherwise, safety
requirements will not be met.

UNAOHM
6EP2500 (Rev. 0)
2INTRODUCTION
The field strength meter EP2500 provides total coverage in the Terrestrial, Cable Television (CATV)
and first IF Satellite bands.
Even though this is a technically advanced instrument, its relatively low cost makes it very popular
among a wide range of installers, from the professional who is busy with certifications for large system
installations to the electrician who has just started making himself known in the TV installation trade.
The main features of this instrument are:
•Wide dynamic range of the measurable level: from 20 to 130 dBµV in all ranges.
•Level measurement, video/audio carrier ratio for both Terrestrial and CATV bands, carrier/noise
ratio and digital channel power, both terrestrial and satellite.
•True BER measurement by means of a QPSK card (standard accessory), of a QAM card (as an
alternative to the OFDM card) or of an OFDM card (as an alternative to the QAM card). If either
card is missing, the unit shows a BER estimation (as opposed to true BER measurement) of the
missing card based on true C/N measurement.
•Viewing of free to air digital signals by means of an MPEG 2 card (standard feature).
•4 ½ “ black and white CRT for on screen menu and measurement display (OSD), analogue TV
picture display, spectral analysis, horizontal synch pulse, measurement bars.
•Microprocessor control.
•Data Logger.
•Teletext.
•PLL frequency synthesis tuning throughout all the frequency ranges.
•100 program storage capability.
•Spectrum analyser with variable frequency selectivity and expansion.
•AM, FM, TV intercarrier demodulation.
•Power to LNB and driving commands by means of a 13/18V 500mA source, a 22kHz switching
tone and DiSEqC 11.1 and 1.2 (for steerable dishes) switching protocol.
•SCART socket.
•An auxiliary 11V/150mA source of power with automatic protection is available to the operator.
•RS232 port.
•USB port.
•Power and battery charge by means of an external Vac-to-Vdc power supply/charger unit (standard
accessory) or by means of an internal battery (optional) with a long operational run and located in a
fast-access compartment.
•Compact and lightweight.
1DiSEqC is a registered EUTELSAT trademark.

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0) 7
3MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
3.1 SPECIFICATIONS Input Characteristics
Level VHF/UHF/ SAT from 20 to 130 dBµV (-90...20 dBm).
HF from 30 to 130 dBµV (-80...20 dBm).
Measurement unit dB (for ratio measurements) - dBµV - dBmV - dBm into 75 Ω- V
(Volt) independently selectable for level and power measurements.
Attenuator VHF/UHF/ SAT from 0 to 80 dB in 10 dB steps.
Manual or autoranging, switchable.
Attenuator Accuracy VHF/UHF ± 1 dB - SAT ± 1.5 dB.
Frequency response Within ± 2 dB between 45 and 2050 MHz, ± 2.5 dB between 2050 and
2150 MHz.
Reading 1. Numerical by means of OSD (On Screen Display) technique with
0.1 dB resolution.
2. Relative, on the screen against a 30 dB scale.
3. Aural; tone proportional to signal level.
Measurement Switchable to peak or average value of the modulation and, reading in
true rms value for a CW sine wave.
Measurement
bandwidth (at -3 dB)
VHF/UHF/SAT 100 kHz or 1 MHz, switchable.
Input impedance 75 Ω(1) (see special features), unbalanced, with Vdc component block.
Maximum voltage
applicable 5Vrms RF - ± 100 Vdc.
Input connector BNC (external adapters BNC/IEC and BNC/F provided)..
Frequency characteristics
Band From 5 to 65 MHz in HF.
From 45 to 900 MHz in VHF/UHF/CATV.
From 900 to 2150 MHz in SAT.
Tuning 1Continuous PLL tuning.
2Direct frequency selection via keypad.
3Channel recall to the TV-standard in use in VHF/UHF/CATV.
4Recall of one of the stored programs.
Storage capacity 100 programs.
Reading Frequency and channel (if available) through OSD technique.
Resolution 50 kHz for the VHF/UHF bands and 125 kHz for SAT.
Accuracy Better than 0.001%.

UNAOHM
8EP2500 (Rev. 0)
Spectrum analyser
Presentation Level on X axis (horizontal) - Frequency on the Y axis (vertical).
Frequency Range C from 5 to 65 MHz
L from 45 to 156 MHz.
M from 156 to 470 MHz.
H from 470 to 900 MHz.
SAT from 900 to 2150 MHz.
Level 20 to 130 dBµV for all bands.
Frequency response •Numerical level reading according to frequency marker position, as
in measurement mode, ± 1 dB.
•Linearised response curve displayed on the screen.
Spectrum frequency
range 100% of each band selected (C - L - M - H - SAT), a portion of which
may be analysed in 8 steps from approximately 1% to a maximum
covering from 1 to 5 channels (according to the selected band).
Bandwidth at -3 dB 100 kHz (N) or 1 MHz (W), selectable both in VHF/UHF/CATV and
SAT.
Spectrum refresh rate Real time.
Frequency marker May be positioned throughout the entire frequency range, with
frequency and level reading.
Video Filter Switchable.
Monitor
Screen 4½ “ black and white CRT, with brightness and contrast controls.
Functions -OSD display: against the video background, transparent, disengaged.
-Measurement reading (Level, Digital Channel Power, C/N, V/A).
-Full screen analogue TV-picture.
-Simultaneous display of a portion of the analogue TV-picture and
level, as a dynamic brightness bar (proportional to signal strength).
-Simultaneous display of a portion of the analogue TV-picture and the
horizontal TV-synch pulse waveform.
-Total frequency spectrum with frequency marker.
-Partial frequency spectrum (SPAN) with frequency marker.
-Video monitor (by means of the SCART socket).
-Teletext pages.
Analogue TV Standard PAL B/G (2) (see Special Features).

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0) 9
QPSK digital signal demodulator
Parameters To Set •Symbol Rate: 1.45 to 36 MSymbols/s; 1.0 to 42 MSymbols/s
typical.
•Code Rate:Auto; 1/2; 2/3; 3/4; 5/6; 7/8.
•Spectrum Polarity: Auto (Direct or Inverted).
Frequency Range 950 to 2150 MHz.
CH BER CH BER (pre Viterbi BER). Level indication from 6x10-2 to 1x10-6.
Resolution 2 x10-7.
pV BER Post Viterbi BER. Level indication from 1x10-2 to 1x10-8.
MER Modulation Error Ratio. From 5 to 20 dB.
RU Reed Solomon Uncorrected (errors). Maximum count 65535.
Locking Indication LOCKED, UNLOCKED, NO CARRIER.
CFO AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) within ±3 MHz .
PWR Index OK, HIGH, LOW indication.
Digital Standard ETS 300421 compatible.
COFDM digital signal demodulator (as an alternative to QAM card)
Parameters To Set •Modulation: Auto (16QAM; 64QAM; QPSK).
•Code Rate: Auto (1/2; 2/3; 3/4; 4/5; 5/6; 6/7; 7/8; 8/9).
•Spectrum Polarity: Auto (Direct or Inverted).
•Bandwidth: 7 – 8 MHz.
•Guard Interval: Auto (1/4; 1/8; 1/16; 1/32).
•Operating Mode: Auto (2000, 8000 carriers).
Frequency Range 50 to 860 MHz.
Hierarchy Non hierarchyc.
CH BER CH BER (pre Viterbi BER). Level indication from 1x10-2 to 1x10-5.
Resolution 1.5 x10-6.
pV BER Post Viterbi BER. Level indication from 1x10-2 to 1x10-7 + zero.
MER Modulation Error Ratio. From 6 to 26 dB.
RU Reed Solomon Uncorrected (errors). Maximum count 65535.
Locking Indication LOCKED, UNLOCKED, NO CARRIER.
CFO AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) within ±0.15 MHz.
PWR Index OK, HIGH, LOW indication.
Digital Standard ETS 300744 compatible.
QAM digital signal demodulator (as an alternative to OFDM card)
Parameters To Set •Symbol Rate: 2.5 to 7 MSymbols/s.
•Modulation: 64, 128, 256, auto.
•Spectrum Polarity: Auto (Direct or Inverted).
Frequency Range 47 to 860 MHz.
CH BER Channel BER (pre Viterbi BER). Level indication from 0 to 1.
resolution 2 x10-8.
MER Modulation Error Ratio. From 17 to 34 dB.
RU Reed Solomon Uncorrected (errors). Maximum count 65535.
Locking Indication LOCKED, UNLOCKED, NO CARRIER.
CFO AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) within ±3 MHz from nominal
frequency
PWR Index OK, HIGH, LOW indication.
Digital Standard ETS 300429 Reed Solomon; ETS 300 Deinterleaving compatible.

UNAOHM
10 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
MPEG 2 card
Standard DVB compatible
Video Audio Decompression MPEG2 Main Level @ Main Profile
Program Viewing Non encrypted programs
Aspect Ratio 4:3
Sound
Demodulators VHF/UHF/CATV: AM - FM.
SAT: FM.
Subcarrier Frequency VHF/UHF/CATV: according to the selected TV-standard.
SAT: from 5 to 9.99 MHz in 10 kHz steps, PLL tuning.
SAT Bandwidth 70 and 300 kHz.
SAT Deemphasis Flat, J17, 50µs, 75µs.
SAT Noise reduction Switchable.
Output Power 0.5W max, via loudspeaker.
Auxiliary inputs and outputs
SCART Socket Complete: input/output video and audio (1V / 75 Ω- 0.3 V / 600 Ω).
Vdc 11 V - 150 mA (automatic protection in case of shortcircuit).
22kHz Tone 0.6 Vpp on 18Ωload, 22kHz ± 1kHz, square wave.
DiSEqC Commands See DiSEqC section for specifications and features.
Power to LNB 13 or 18 V, 500 mA, automatic protection.
USB Port Standard 1.0. Female “B” type connector for external data exchange
RS 232 Serial Port Female 9 pole "D" type connector for external data exchange.
Power supply
Internal Vdc Power By means of a sealed rechargeable 12 V / 3.8 Ah Ni-MH battery.
Operational Run From 1hr 30' to 2hrs depending on the facilities engaged
Battery Charger By means of an external power supply/charger unit (standard
accessory). Recharge time from 10 to 14 hrs.
External Vdc Power By means of an external power supply/charger unit (standard
accessory) or any other unit featuring 12 to 18V, 3 A max, 45VA.
Pilot light Warning LED for “Charge”, OSD for “Battery low” indication.
Mechanical
Dimensions 320x115x335 mm (L x H x D).
Weight Approximately 5.5 kg with carrying case. and battery fitted.
Finishing The instrument is contained in an Elite carrying case with accessories
compartment and strap for transport.

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0)
11
Ambient
Calibrating
Temperature Accuracy quoted refers to an ambient temperature of 23 C ± 5 ° C.
Operating Temperature From +5 ° C to + 40 ° C.
Relative Humidity 80% for temperatures up to 31° C (with 50% linear derating at 40° C).
Maximum Operating
Altitude 2000 m.
Storing Temperature From -10 ° C to + 60 ° C.
Maximum Storage
Relative Humidity 95 %.
Special features
1) 50 Ωinput impedance.
2) Other TV-standards for analogue signals upon request.
4ACCESSORIES
4.1 STANDARD ACCESSORIES
N° 1 MPEG 2 card
N° 1 QPSK card
N° 1 QAM card or, as an alternative, OFDM card (either
cards must be factory fitted on purchasing the
instrument only; no later upgrading possible).
NOTE: QAM and OFDM cards can not be fitted inside the instrument at the same time.
N° 1 5-65 MHz module.
N° 1 Power supply BCH16/3.
N° 1 Adapter BNC/IEC - P80A.
N° 1 Adapter BNC/F - P82.
N° 1 Elite soft carrying case.
N° 1 12 V / 3.8Ah Ni-MH battery.
N° 1 Instruction Manual.
4.2 OPTIONALS
•BNC/DIN P79 - P81A Adapters
•Fast Battery Charger FCH 12.
•Second Battery Kit.
4.3 ANCILLARY INSTRUMENTS
•NG500/75 White Noise Generator
•NG754/75 (2 GHz) White Noise Generator.
•P257/75 Reflectometer.
•P139 Noise generator with reflectometer bridge.
•Voltage booster FP1 for battery recharge through the car lighter jack.

UNAOHM
12 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
Figure 1 Front panel

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0)
13
Figure2 Left side panel view and
serial RS232 and USB ports.
Figure 3 SCART socket

UNAOHM
14 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
5CONTROLS and CONNECTIONS
To locate the position of the controls and connections refer to Figure 1, Figure2 and Figure 3.
This chapter only offers a general description; each element will be described in detail in the section
related to its use.
5.1 FRONT PANEL
1. Video screen.
2. Analogue level measurement bar.
3. dB REL. Reference scale for the analogue level bar under 2).
4. Multifunction keys (SOFTKEY) F1, F2, F3, F4. The specific function changes according to the
state of the instrument and is indicated on the right of the screen.
5. . Enables the Shaft Encoder (24) to adjust the audio TV/SAT volume and that of the acoustic
tone which is proportional to the signal level.
6. . Enables the Shaft Encoder to adjust the brightness.
7. . Enables the Shaft Encoder to adjust the contrast.
8. Numerical keyboard.
9. Symbols relating to CATV, Terrestrial and Satellite bands.
10. LED ON. Indicates power supply to the LNB is on.
11. LED CONT. Indicates LNB current draw and therefore, its circuit continuity.
12. LED PWR ON. Indicates the instrument has been connected to the power supply for operation or
for battery recharge.
13. LED BATT Ch. Indicates that the battery is under charge.
14. ↓↓ RESET. When pressed once it stores the status of the instrument which will be recalled by
default when the instrument is turned on (see section 7.1.). When pressed twice it sets the instrument
to a factory-set condition (default) (see section 7.5).
15. AUTO. Sets the attenuator to automatic mode.
16. RF IN input connector. For all types of signals. (TV, CATV, 1st IF satellite).
WARNING! Do not exceed the maximum applicable voltage limits: AC 5V and DC 100V. Do not
apply DC when the LNB power supply is inserted.
17. ATT+. Sets the attenuator to manual mode and increases attenuation by 10 dB (unless maximum
attenuation has already been engaged).
18. ATT-. Sets the input attenuator to manual mode and decreases attenuation by 10 dB (unless it is
already set to zero).
19. DATA. Gives access to RS232 and Data Logger functions (see section 7.20).
20. MENU. Gives access to the configuration menus (see section 8).
21. ↵. (ENTER).
22. SOUND. Enables the Shaft Encoder to select the audio satellite carrier. When pressed again, tuning
is enabled.
23. . Arrow keys. To shift the cursor to the different digits of the number to program by means of
the Shaft Encoder.
1. The multifunction keys are shown inside a frame. Example: SPEC.
2. To roll the menus the Shaft Encoder may be used instead of the UP and DOWN
keys.

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0)
15
24. Shaft Encoder. For quasi continuous adjustments of volume, tuning or to scroll menus.
25. LNB↓↓. Press twice to engage power to the LNB; press a third time to disengage it.
26. 13/18 V. Alternately sets power to the LNB between 13 and 18 Vdc.
27. 22k. Alternately engages/disengages the 22 kHz tone.
28. DSQ. Gives access to the DiSEqC menu (see section 7.10)
29. LO + VP. Gives access to the menu to program the video polarity and the value of the local
oscillators for the satellite band.
30. ↓↓ STORE. Press twice to store the current tuning parameters in the current program.
31. CH LO A-B. In the terrestrial band it selects the channel tuning mode. In the satellite band it selects
the LNB local oscillator (LO).
32. FR. Selects the frequency tuning mode.
33. PR. Selects the program tuning mode.
34. OSD. Selects the OSD operating mode (see section 7.2)
35. DIGITAL. Allows for the digital channel power and BER measurements.
36. Additional multifunction key F5. Its related reading appears on the left part of the rectangular
OSD window which, in turn, appears on the bottom part of the screen.
37. SYNC. Reference for nominal amplitude of the sync pulse for terrestrial stations.
38. Fmin and Fmax. Panoramic reference marks.
5.2 LEFT SIDE PANEL
39. PWR ON. Mains power switch.
40. EXT. Input jack for an external power source.
41. 11V OUT. Output of an auxiliary 11 Vdc source of power to an external circuit, at the operator’s
disposal.
42. RS232 and USB connectors.
5.3 RIGHT SIDE PANEL
43. SCART socket.

UNAOHM
16 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
6POWER SUPPLY
6.1 PREPARING THE INSTRUMENT FOR USE
For safety purposes the instrument leaves the factory with the battery fully discharged. It is therefore, a
must to recharge it according to the instructions given elsewhere in this manual. It is advisable to repeat
the complete charge/discharge cycle twice, then charge the battery once again, so that the battery can
reach its full charging capacity.
6.2 BATTERY REPLACEMENT
Follow the instructions in Figure 4
NOTE: During all operations make sure that, for any reason at all the positive pole (“Hot” or
“Live” pole) of the battery does not become electrically connected to the chassis even for a few
instants (for example, while using tools that may accidentally be dropped into the instrument):
this could severely damage the power supply circuits and the battery.

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0)
17
Figure 4 How to fit or change the battery

UNAOHM
18 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
6.3 POWER SUPPLY MODES
The instrument may be powered by an internal battery, or by an external source connected to the EXT
(40) jack.
Whenever possible, use an external source to power the instrument; only when an external source is not
available use the internal battery of the instrument. The same external source of power is used for
recharging the battery when the instrument is turned off. The source of power is automatically selected.
NOTE: The minimum external operating voltage is 12V while a voltage of at least 15Vdc is required to
recharge the battery.
CAUTION:The negative (“-“ or “minus”) pole of the external source of power must NEVER come
into contact with the ground.
NOTES:
•The length of recharge time required will never be the cause of damages to the battery in any case.
•The battery capacity is reduced at low operating temperatures.
•When the instrument is not used for long periods of time, we recommend to recharge battery at least
once a month, to avoid self discharge.
6.3.1 Low Battery Indication
When the remaining duration of the battery reaches ten minutes, the indication “Low Battery” is
displayed every 30 seconds.
6.4 11VDC. AUXILIARY OUTPUT SOURCE OF POWER
An 11 Vdc source of output power (41) is available to the operator and offers self protection and a 150
mA current limiter (see Figure2).

UNAOHM
EP2500 (Rev. 0)
19
7OPERATING MODE
7.1 DEFAULT CONDITIONS
At switch-on, volume, brightness and contrast keep by default the same setting as when the instrument
was last turned off.
The other parameters (Band, frequency, attenuator, OSD etc.) may be customised as follows:
1. Set the instrument as desired.
2. Briefly press RESET (14) ONCE.
3. Turn off the instrument.
Figure 5 shows the factory settings.
Figure 5 Factory setting on turn-on
7.2 ON SCREEN DISPLAY
Data and messages are displayed in OSD fashion. Pressing key OSD (34) alternates three display
modes: OSD against black background, OSD against no background, OSD off.
7.2.1 Screen Saver
Approximately ten minutes after the last key has been pressed, a moving “screen saver” message is
engaged. Pressing any key disables the screen saver.
7.3 VOLUME, BRIGHTNESS & CONTRAST ADJUSTMENTS
Pressing key (5), (6) and (7) allows adjustment of volume, brightness and contrast by means of the Shaft
Encoder (24). An indexed bar will appear on the bottom part of the screen to ease the adjustment. If the
adjustment is not carried out within 10 seconds, the instruments returns to the previous display.
7.4 USE of DIGIT KEYS, SHAFT ENCODER, ARROWS for NUMBER ENTRIES
When using the instrument it is often necessary to key in numbers for instance, to recall a frequency.
This operation may be carried out by means of the digit keys (8), and then by means of ↵(21) or the
Shaft Encoder (24) to confirm your entry.
Arrows and (23) select the digit being modified, while the Shaft Encoder (24) increases and
decreases the value to be set.
Turn on, spectrum, UHF band
600.00 CH 37 pr 00
HIGH SPANOFF M 20
BW W
MEA
EXP
TV
50.0 dBuV

UNAOHM
20 EP2500 (Rev. 0)
7.5 RESET
To rapidly return to the factory-defined setting, press the key ↓↓ RESET (14) twice. The instrument
returns to default conditions (see section 7.1), except for volume, brightness, contrast, which are set to
optimal average values. Memory content is never affected by the reset.
7.6 TUNING
The signal to be measured or displayed may be tuned in three modes:
1. By programming the frequency. Press the key FR (32), then follow the instructions in section. 7.4.
2. By recalling the TV channel. Press the key CH LO A-B (31) (the key AB..Z on the numerical
keyboard (8) recalls the first channel which is alphabetically present), then follow the instructions in
section 7.4.
NOTE:
•Rotating the shaft encoder overrides any partial number you may have keyed in through the keypad
by mistake, so you can begin again to key in the correct number.
•The instrument offers different channel format to suit the different channel formats of the country
the unit is being used, for the selection of which please see Chapter 8, UTILITY.
•The symbols
Î and Í to the right of the OSD value indicate that the frequency tuned is,
respectively, higher/lower than the nominal channel frequency.
•Always press
↵ to confirm your entry. After confirmation it is possible to increase/decrease the
value by means of the Shaft Encoder.
3. By recalling one of the previously stored programs. Press the key PR (33), then follow the
instructions in section 7.4.
7.6.1 SAT Tuning by Means of Transponder Frequency
In satellite band it is possible to set the frequency of two local oscillators for two different LNB’s. This,
then, makes it possible to display the transponder frequency directly for tuning instead of the 1st IF.
Setting procedure is as follows:
•Press LO+VP (29). The display shown in Figure 6 will appear.
•Select LO1 or LO2 by means of the keys UP and DOWN and then ENTER.
•Set the frequency of the first oscillator (1A or 1B) by means of the numerical keys.
•Set the frequency of the second oscillator (2A or 2B) by means of the numerical keys.
•Press EXIT to exit.
The local oscillator 1 or 2, on which the cursor is positioned when EXIT is pressed, is the one that will
be used later for tuning.
During normal use of the instrument, if you wish to display sequencially the 1st IF, local oscillator A or
local oscillator B, press key CH LO A-B (31).