UP Summit XC2 User manual

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Owner’s Manual
and Service Booklet
Serial Number:__________________________________________________
Version 1.3
Effective: 03/2011
Updated: 07/2011

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The data and statements contained within this manual may be changed without prior notice. No
part of these documents may be copied or transmitted for any purpose in any manner or by any
means, either electronic or mechanical, without explicit written permission from UP International.
© 1995-2011 UP International

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Table of contents
WELCOME IN OUR TEAM ...........................................................................................6
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS............................................................................................. 7
CORRECT BEHAVIOUR IN RELATION TO THE ENVIRONMENT.............................7
DEVELOPMENT OF PARAGLIDERS ..........................................................................7
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................ 8
LTF AND EN CLASSIFICATION ..................................................................................................9
Target group and recommended flying experience................................................9
Necessary skills for normal flights..........................................................................9
Necessary skills for dealing with disturbances.......................................................9
Necessary skills for dealing with rapid descent methods.......................................9
Suitability for training .............................................................................................9
Recommended Takeoff weight..............................................................................9
TECHNICAL DATA UP SUMMIT XC²......................................................................... 11
CONSTRUCTION ......................................................................................................................12
Airfoil Stabilising System².................................................................................... 13
CANOPY MATERIAL................................................................................................................. 13
LINE MATERIAL ......................................................................................................................14
LINE SYSTEM .......................................................................................................................... 14
RISERS....................................................................................................................................14
UP BACKPACK........................................................................................................................ 17
Adjustment of the backpack.................................................................................18
Packing tips......................................................................................................... 18
BEFORE THE FIRST FLIGHT .................................................................................... 19
ADJUSTMENTS ........................................................................................................................19
Position of the brakes..........................................................................................19
Speed system......................................................................................................21
SUITABLE HARNESSES .............................................................................................................22
RESCUE SYSTEM ..................................................................................................................... 22
USE OF THE UP SUMMIT XC²..................................................................................................22
AEROBATICS........................................................................................................................... 22
MOTORISED PARAGLIDING......................................................................................................22
FLIGHT PRACTICE AND SAFETY............................................................................. 23
FLIGHT PRACTICE .................................................................................................... 23

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PRE-FLIGHT CHECK ................................................................................................................. 23
THE START PHASES .................................................................................................................23
SPEED CONTROL .....................................................................................................................24
Using the brakes..................................................................................................24
Using the Speed System..................................................................................... 24
TURNING ................................................................................................................................ 25
LANDING ................................................................................................................................ 25
WINCH TOWING ...................................................................................................................... 25
Attaching the towline release system...................................................................26
FLIGHT SAFETY ........................................................................................................ 27
THERMALS AND TURBULENCE.................................................................................................27
GETTING DOWN FAST ..............................................................................................................27
Steep Spiral Dive.................................................................................................28
B-Line Stalls ........................................................................................................ 28
Big Ears...............................................................................................................29
FLYING OUTSIDE THE NORMAL FLIGHT ENVELOPE ........................................... 30
BEHAVIOUR IN EXTREME SITUATIONS......................................................................................30
COLLAPSING THE PARAGLIDER................................................................................................30
Asymmetric collapse............................................................................................ 30
Cravatte...............................................................................................................30
Full frontal collapse.............................................................................................. 31
THE STALLS ............................................................................................................................ 31
Deep Stall............................................................................................................31
Fullstall ................................................................................................................ 31
Spin ..................................................................................................................... 32
WINGOVERS ...........................................................................................................................32
EMERGENCY STEERING........................................................................................................... 33
FURTHER REFERENCES ............................................................................................................33
Rain-induced deep stall....................................................................................... 33
Adhesive logos .................................................................................................... 33
Overloading......................................................................................................... 33
Salt water............................................................................................................. 34
MAINTENANCE AND CLEANING.............................................................................. 35
TAKING CARE OF YOUR PARAGLIDER....................................................................................... 35
Packing the wing..................................................................................................35
Paraglider fabric...................................................................................................37
Paraglider lines.................................................................................................... 37
Storage and transport.......................................................................................... 38
CLEANING ..............................................................................................................................38
CHANGING ASS BATTENS ......................................................................................................38
CHECKS AND REPAIRS............................................................................................ 40
MAINTENANCE .......................................................................................................................40

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Airworthiness Check............................................................................................ 40
UP Craftsmanship................................................................................................ 40
UP WARRANTY ...................................................................................................................... 40
National warranty conditions................................................................................ 40
International UP warranty....................................................................................41
CHECKING THE UP SUMMIT XC² ............................................................................................41
PACKING AND CHECKING OF THE RESCUE SYSTEM....................................................................41
SENDING THE UP GLIDER AND OTHER UP PRODUCTS...............................................................42
DISPOSAL .................................................................................................................. 42
UP HOMEPAGE.......................................................................................................... 42
SOME FINAL WORDS................................................................................................ 43
Attachments............................................................................................................... 44
Line Layout Plan.......................................................................................................... 45
Luftsportgeräte-Kennblatt UP Summit XC² S-L ........................................................... 46
Service Booklet
Used by the UP Service centre in connection with periodic service ............................ 54
Product registration card.............................................................................................. 58
Important
The following symbols are used to draw attention to particular sections:
WARNING!
Failing to comply with instructions given here may
lead to injury or death!
BEWARE!
Failing to comply with instructions given here may
cause undue wear to, or even damage your new
wing.
NOTICE
This pictogram indicates a tip or some helpful extra
knowledge.

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Welcome in our team
Congratulations on the purchase of your new UP Summit XC². UP International is
renowned across the globe for designing and building the finest paragliders available 
paragliders characterised by maximum safety, performance and quality in every
aspect.
Please take a little time to complete and send the reply card found in the back of this
manual. This way we can keep you informed of all new products and developments at
UP, as well as any technical information about the UP Summit XC².
We would also be delighted to hear any feedback you have concerning the glider. This
is only possible once we have received your product registration, either through
completing and sending the attached product registration card, or by doing the same
Online via www.up-paragliders.com>service>product registration. Your completed
product registration is also needed should any warranty issues arise.
If you have any questions regarding your paraglider or auxiliary equipment please ask
your local dealer or feel free to contact us here at UP directly.
Have fun with your new UP Summit XC²!
UP International Team

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Safety instructions
Paragliding is an extremely demanding
sport requiring the highest levels
of attention, judgment, maturity,
and self-discipline. Due to the
inherent risks in flying this or
any paraglider, no warranty of
any kind can be made against
accidents, injury, equipment failure,
and/or death. This glider is not covered by
product liability insurance. Do not fly it
unless you are personally willing to
assume all risks inherent in the sport of
paragliding and all responsibility for any
property damage, injury, or death, which
may result from use of this paraglider.
Please read this owner's manual
thoroughly before your first flight with the
UP Summit XC² so that you are fully
acquainted with your new glider. This
manual gives you information on the entire
specific and general flying characteristics
of the UP Summit XC², but it does not
replace attending a paragliding school. It
is important to note the following points:
at the time of delivery the UP Summit
XC² conforms to German Hang
Gliding Association (DHV) and/or
AFNOR (SHV and ACPUL)
requirements (see certification
information later in this manual)
any changes being made outside the
permitted range of adjustment
invalidate any and all claims under
the warranty
using this paraglider is exclusively at
the risk of the user; the manufacturer
or distributor assumes no
responsibility for accidents occurring
while using it.
it is assumed that the pilot is in
possession of the necessary
qualifications and provisions of
any relevant laws are observed
when reselling the wing please
make sure you also give this
manual to the new owner. The
manual is an integrated part of
the paraglider and is required for
the wing to keep its certification.
Correct behaviour
in relation to the
environment
Paragliding is a particularly nature-
friendly sport. This makes it all the
more important that we as paraglider
pilots behave in a responsible way
towards both the environment and the
people sharing it with us. We
encourage you to treat nature with
respect, to stay on marked hiking trails
when walking to takeoff or hiking out
from an XC landing, to avoid
unnecessary noise, to never litter and
to observe all local regulations.
Please also make sure to comply with
legislation regarding protected areas,
privately owned property or hunting
arenas this ensures the least
possible friction in relation to other
users of the great outdoors, to the
benefit of both yourself and the sport
as a whole.
Development of
paragliders
Admitted; we're proud of our history.
No other company in the free flying

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world can look back on such an expansive
history as we can. The UP story started
back in 1970 when Pete Brock graduated
from the Art Center, a world famous
school for design and engineering in
Pasadena, California, and promptly
created some of the most legendary race
cars ever the Daytona Coupe from
General Motors was one and then went
on to become fascinated by the emerging
sport of hanggliding at that time
probably the maddest pastime of them all.
After founding Ultralite Products he
introduces his first wing, the Dragonfly,
and soon the new company becomes
known under the UP acronym..
Pete Brocks spirit survives to this day in
everything we do at UP International we
still have our very own way of seeing
things and designing things. This entails
building paragliders that are not only as
safe as they come, they must also meet
the very high standards we set ourselves.
Among these are the continued use of the
most advanced technology available both
in the designing and manufacturing
process, but also the feel, the handling
and the performance of the finished
product. All this because we're addicted to
building wings that will fascinate you. A
good paraglider is comprised of a number
of interacting factors of which looks, feel,
handling and performance are but a few.
Only when all these come together in the
final product can we claim to have built a
wing that is homogenous and pleasurable
to fly; and only then we're happy, and
ready to introduce our new UP baby to the
free flying world.
Our gliders are developed using state-of-
the-art CAD software. Our programs allow
us to do the initial flight testing in a virtual
environment where we can simulate a
great many things before even assembling
the first prototypes.
Once we're happy with the new
prototypes' behaviour in the virtual
environment the program generates
the templates after which the glider is
sewn. When a new prototype arrives
from our proto-building experts
everyone at UP is excited about the
prospects of trying it out in real life.
The practical tests may show that
further modifications are needed 
these may be carried out on the
existing wing, or a new prototype is
built with the mods already
incorporated. In exceptional cases this
may continue through several
prototypes, for only when we're 100%
satisfied do we submit our new wing to
testing by the DHV. We owe it to our
customers, and to our own history, to
be particular about which products
earn the UP badge.
Technical
description
The UP Summit XC² was built to fulfil
the expectations to a modern, safe and
fast Performance Intermediate wing.
The launching is excellent and the
performance figures impressive.
As with all UP products, the materials
used have been carefully chosen for
their outstanding quality and strength,
to guarantee a long and trouble-free
service life.
Further construction details, including
line lengths, are included in the
certification specification sheets, which
form part of this manual. Any technical
changes will appear in the appendix.

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LTF and EN
classification
The UP Summit XC² is certified to the
following classification(s): LTF09/EN C
Target group and
recommended flying
experience
Performance-oriented cross country pilots
with several years of regular flying behind
them. We recommend no less than 50
hours/year in combination with adequate
knowledge of extreme flying training.
Necessary skills for normal
flights
Wings in this class are characterised by
their demanding behaviour in case of in-
flight disturbances. Short brake travel,
dynamic reactions and little dampening
along all 3 axis require a great deal of
feeling and experience from the pilot.
Intensive training of the control techniques
as well as profound knowledge of the
appreciation and prevention of unintended
wing configurations.
Necessary skills for dealing
with disturbances
Paragliders in this class require correct,
timely and adequate pilot reactions to
canopy disturbances. Pilots flying these
wings should be current and should fly
often enough that their reactions don't
grow rusty. If the necessary skills are not
there we recommend a good SIV course
with the UP Summit XC² to get familiar
with it.
Necessary skills for
dealing with rapid descent
methods
The behaviour during manoeuvres like
spiral dives or b-line stalls in this class
can be demanding. The pilot should
possess adequate skills for the safe
execution of these rapid descent
manoeuvres. In case of insufficient
skills or experience in this department
we strongly recommend partaking in
an SIV clinic with the new wing.
Suitability for training
The UP Summit XC² is not suited for
training.
Recommended Takeoff
weight
The UP Summit XC² is manufactured
in four sizes. Each size is optimised for
the middle of the weight range, but can
be flown anywhere within the weight
range. In order to help you find the
ideal size for your weight we have
compiled the following practical tips:
If your total takeoff weight is within the
middle 1/3 of a size's weight range
then this is the size for you.In this
range you will have the ideal
compromise between dynamic
handling and docile behaviour. We
recommend this wing loading
especially for pilots mainly flying in
flatland regions, or pilots coming from
EN B class wings.
Pilots finding themsleves in the middle,
between two sizes need to approach
the process somewhat differently.
Experienced pilots will generally know
how they prefer to fly, i.e. If they like to
be heavy on their wing or rather would

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have a little buffer upwards, and will
choose their size accordingly.
Pilots with less experience are likely to
prefer the somewhat damped reactions
obtained from flying at lower wing loadings
this speaks for choosing the larger of the
relevant sizes.
And finally, pilots preferring more dynamic
rides will want to load their wings up well,
and will be choosing a smaller size.

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Technical Data UP Summit XC²
Größe S SM M L
Fläche ausgelegt [m²] 22,5 24,3 26,4 29,1
Fläche projiziert [m²] 19,3 20,8 22,6 24,9
Spannweite ausgelegt [m] 11,6 12,0 12,5 13,2
Spannweite projiziert [m] 9,3 9,7 10,1 10,6
Streckung ausgelegt 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0
Streckung projiziert 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5
Anzahl Kammern 61 61 61 61
Gesamtleinenlänge incl. Bremse [m] 286 297 309 324
Anzahl Leinen incl. Bremse 166 166 166 166
Leinendurchmesser [mm]
Schirmgewicht [kg] 5,7 6 6,4 6,8
Trimmgeschwindigkeit [km/h] 38 38 38 38
Maximalgeschwindigkeit [km/h] 55 55 55 55
Startgewicht [kg] 60-80 72-94 85-110 100-130
LTF/EN Kategorie C C C C
Beschreibung
0,65/0,75/0,95/1,1/1,3/1,6
Performance Intermdediate

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Construction
The Summit XC²
is the perfect example of a wing combining
great passive safety with total flying
pleasure. Thanks to the new Hybrid
Synergy Profile the Summit XC² has
superior performance but also the safety
of a true intermediate wing. This makes
the Summit XC² the right choice for an
unusually large pilot group in fact, pilots
coming from almost all glider classes will
have fun on a Summit XC².
Illustration 2:CAD-drawing
UP Summit XC²
The UP Summit XC², the predecessor to
the new model, was well-loved by pilots
for its high performance in combination
with very a high passive safety level,
which made flying it a genuine pleasure.
With the Summit XC² we wanted to
remain true to that general description
while improving all parameters of the wing,
and we also wanted to increase the
dynamics a little. In order to reach this
ambitious goal we had to design a
completely new wing. Right from the
moment you inflate the new Summit
XC² you will notice a very high degree
of canopy solidity the wing transmits
a very reassuring feel through the
risers but also a playfulness that will
inspire the beanie crowd!
Reactions to collapses are
reassuringly unspectacular, and the
Summit XC² fulfils the LTF09/EN C
test criteria with flying colours. And lets
not forget that this is a wing with a
performance that matches even wings
in the EN D class.
These cahracterisitics make the
Summit XC² the perfekct allround
flying machine, apealing to pilots of
quasi all levels; the up-and-coming
performance pilot, the Weekend
Warrior, the XC ace, even pilots
stepping down from the higher
classes.
Due to the high inherent safety this is
also the perfect wing to for pilots
stepping up from a 1-2 wing.
Hybrid Synergy Profile
Whenever we build a new wing we
obviously strive to improve everything
about it compared to the predecessor;
not only performance, but also safety
and general feel-good factor. This
means that all new UP wings always
remain true to the basic values of UP
(more performance, but safely!) but at
the same time they are each
completely new developments in their
own right.
While the predecessor was based on
the aerofoil inherited from the UP
competition wings, the new design

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gets to enjoy the benefits of an entirely
new aerofoil.
The aerofoil is nothing less than the next
generation of the Hybrid Synergy Aerofoil.
The basic premise for this design concept
is to combine the characteristics of a
competition wing aerofoil with that of an
intermediate wing and the child of this
union is a unique new Aerofoil with the
best of both worlds. The Summit XC² has
the performance of a competition wing and
the safety of an intermediate glider!
The best of both worlds basic gliders
and comp glider a new design with the
following advantages:
perfect performance
optimal safety
high-performance feel
accurate handling
Airfoil Stabilising System²
UP was first with the Aerofoil Stabilising
System, an idea that has since been
widely accepted in the industry. The
Summit XC² uses a modified version of
the same, and we have chosen to call this
the ASS². Instead of Mylar® the ASS²
comprises a Nylon® batten that defines
the leading edge curvature and helps
keeping the cell opening open at all times.
This Nylon® batten is insusceptible to
bending damage and has no ageing
properties it will normally outlast the rest
of the canopy by a good margin. This
means that the UP Summir XC² will retain
its perfect launching characteristics all
through its service life. In the unlikely
event that a batten should break it can
be replaced in a few easy steps 

ines.
Performance data
Main focus area during the
development phase of the Summit XC²
was the improvement of the key
performance figures in comparison to
the predecessor. We wanted a wing
with higher trim speed and better L/D
at all speeds, and through the use of
advanced software we could begin to
compare on the virtual 3D models right
from the outset of the drawing process.
Combining different software allowed
us to draw a wing that at least in the
virtual world was significantly better,
and the real-life refinement and testing
showed that the computer models
were right.
Canopy material
The UP Summit XC² is constructed
from polyamide cloth, which is
particularly stretch-resistant and
durable, and is specially treated for
maximum UV resistance.
After At UP we are always testing new
materials to see if our wings can
benefit from new developments in the
textile industry. After comprehensive
tests we have settled on the following
Porcher Marine material mix for the
Summit XC²:
Leading edge top: 9092 E17
"Evolution Plus" (45 g/m²)
Bottom sail and trailing edge:
9017 E38, (40 g/m²)

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Cell walls and V-Tapes: 9017
E29 (40 g/m²)
This mix comprises the best compromise
between weight/bulk and longevity.
Line material
The Summit XC² uses a mix of sheathed
Dyneema® and unsheathed Aramide®
lines from Edelrid, in the diameters
0,65/0,75/1,1/1,3/1,6 millimetres. The
unsheathed lines are applied at the
canopy end of the line structure and
contribute to the excellent performance
data of the wing through their low drag.
Line system
The entire line system is formed from
individual lines, which are sewn and
looped at both ends. The single line levels
are connected over a special hoop
technology ("handshake") to prevent a
weakening of the core and a loss of
strength. The lines and stitching are
subject to rigorous production controls, to
ensure high and consistent manufacturing
quality.
The lines of each wing section consist of
four groups and the brake lines:
A-Level: A1-A2
Split A-Level : A3
B-Level: B1-B3,STI
C-Level: C1-C3
Brake lines : BRK1
The brake lines are collected at one main
control line per side. This control line runs
through a pulley attached to the D-Riser
and is marked with a black dot at the point
where it should loop around the D-ring.
The brake is pre-set so that the glider is at
0 degree brake when the toggle is free.

without checking the new length
carefully at a suitable training hill
before flying!
The line bundles (A, B, C and D) are
colour coded for easy identification
and handling. All main lines of each
level are looped together and attached
to delta quick links, which are
connected to the risers. The quick links
have special line collectors to prevent
lines slipping, and are secured using a
strong thread-locking compound
(Loctite©), to prevent unintentional
opening. After maintenance work the
delta quick links should be re-glued
with thread locking Loctite©!
Risers
The split A risers and B risers are
colour marked to improve ground
handling and B-lining/Big Ears.
A Risers: Red
A3 Risers (for BigEars): Green
B Risers: Blue
C Risers: Black/no marking
In order to accommodate different pilot
sizes the Summit XC² risers are
lenght-adapted to the canopy size S
and SM have shorter risers than M and
L. This little detail improves the
ergonomics of the wing and makes all
the different manoeuvres (b-line,
BigEars) more accessible to the pilots.
The speed system is optimised along
the same lines.
We use a very similar riser design for
our competition wings. They allow for
very high top speeds with low sink
values and give impressive stability at
high speeds.

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15
Once activated the speed system pulls
simultaneously on the A's and B's. This
maintains the angle of incidence around
the leading edge and causes only minimal
influence to the collapse resistance
properties of the wing.
Top speed is reached when the top pulley
touches the bottom extremity of the speed
system, down near the karabiner.

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16
Illustration 2: UP Summit XC²
riser

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17
UP Backpack
The UP Summit XC² is delivered with a
special paraglider backpack, which fulfils
the demands of very high luggage volume
and ergonomically optimised comfort.
We have built in an anatomical carrying
system that allows an optimised load
distribution for maximum comfort. The S
shaped shoulder straps allow full
adjustment and the detachable chest strap
prevents the shoulder straps from slipping
off the shoulders.
The load control straps attached to the
shoulder straps can be set either loose, to
aid ventilation, or tight, for extra stability.
They should rise from your collarbone at
about a 45° angle.
A hip belt is also incorporated to assist
overall comfort. If the hip belt is
tightened then the shoulder straps can
be released slightly to transfer the load
away from the shoulders. The hip belt
is fitted with stabilisation straps, which
can be tightened to help stability, or
loosened for extra freedom of
movement. The hip belt is removable
for when packing size is critical, or the
pack is being transported by air.
It is important, especially when there is
a long trek involved, that the backpack
is adjusted for maximum comfort. The
following advice should be considered
when packing.
Illustration 3:
UP Backpack

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18
Adjustment of the backpack
When fully loaded, all compression straps
should be tightened to secure the load in
the pack. All carrying straps should be set
fully loose and the pack then put on your
back. The hip belt should be fastened and
tightened to rest approximately in the
middle of the hip. Any slack should be
taken out of the shoulder straps, and the
chest strap should be done up. The load
control straps at the shoulders and hips
can now be tightened to achieve the
desired stability.
Packing tips
Packing the UP paraglider rucksack
correctly will make it a pleasure to carry. A
couple of easy tips can help you get it
right. Failing to follow these tips will
adversely affect you carrying comfort.
The centre of gravity of the load should be
as close to the vertical centre axis of the
carrier, while also being situated as high
on the back as possible. This allows for a
vertical posture and minimises the
leverage of the load against the natural
posture of the carrier. It also helps by
reducing the oscillations of the load while
walking.
The drawing shows the ideal load
distribution in the UP rucksack. Loaded
like this the carrying comfort will be
optimal. Start by placing the heaviest
items close to the shoulder blades, with
lighter items over and under this region.
The lightest items should be placed the
furthest from your back.
Do not fasten any objects to the exterior of
the rucksack, as these are unprotected
against theft and can also get caught on
protruding points when entering or exiting
lifts, cars or buses.
Illustration 4: Ideal load distribution
in the UP rucksack

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19
Before the first flight
The UP Summit XC² is delivered with a
speed system, rucksack Protec Bag and 
strap, repair materials and this manual.
The manual may also be downloaded from
the UP website. Every Summit XC²
delivered has been minutely checked at
the factory, and corresponds exactly to the
wing certified by the DHV.
ATTENTION! The Summit XC²
must be test-inflated on flat
ground, and the first flight
must be carried out by a
professional, before the wing is
delivered to end customers
Adjustments
The UP Summit XC² has undergone an
extensive development program and
series of flight tests to ensure that the
production model exhibits the optimum
characteristics with regard to safety,
handling and flight performance.
As with all products from UP International,
the UP Summit XC² is manufactured to the
highest quality and precision. The line
lengths of each glider are individually
checked and recorded before dispatch.
Under no circumstances should the
lengths of the lines or risers of the UP
Summit XC² be altered in any way.
WARNING! Any change to the
configuration of the wing will
invalidate certification!
The only change allowed is to
the length of the lower brake
line. This should only be done by
an experienced person.
Position of the brakes
The UP Summit XC² is delivered from
the factory with what we feel is the
best brake position for most pilots. But
tall or short pilots, or those with a
harness with non-standard attachment
points might feel it necessary to
change the position of the brake
handles.
If the brakes are to be shortened, it is
extremely important to avoid the
adjustment affecting the glider's trim
speed. There must always be some
slack in the brakes when they are fully
released. This can be checked with the
glider inflated above the pilot's head.
There should be a noticeable bow in
the brake lines, and the brakes should
be having no effect on the shape of the
trailing edge.
If the brake lines are to be lengthened,
it is important to ensure that the pilot
can still stall the canopy (i.e. during
extreme manoeuvres or landing)
without the need to take wraps.
If you do feel the need to change the
brake line lengths, do so a little (3-
4cm) at a time, and preferably whilst at
an easy training slope. Check
especially that both lines are the same
length, as any asymmetry will lead to
tiring and possible dangerous flying
characteristics.
If you have any questions or concerns
with reference to the brake line lengths
then seek advice from either your UP
dealer or directly from UP
International.
To tie the brake line onto the brake
handle use one of the following knots:
The simple fisherman's knot or the
Bowline as shown in illustration 5 and
6. These knots guarantee the least
amount of line weakening.

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20
BEWARE! Loose or incorrect
brake knots can cause serious
accidents through loss of the
steering of the glider!
Illustration 5 and 6:
Fishermans- and
Bowmans-Knot