Yamaha FB-01 User manual

YAMAHA FM SOUND GENERATOR
SERVICE MANUAL
■ CONTENTS
Specifications . 2
Functions & Features . 3
Circuit Operation . 4
FB-01 Memory Map & I/O Fort Map
Operational Check by Utilizing
the Test Program .
Description on MIDI .
MIDI Receive Data Format 1
(Channel message. System message) . \ \
MIDI Receive Data Format 2
(System Exclusive message) . ]2
Other System messages . j4
Parameter List . ]7
MIDI Transmit Data Format . jg
Parts List
0085 I 9
SINCE 188;
@ YAMAHA
NIPPON GAKKI CO.. LTD. HAMAMATSU. JAPAN
2.1K-822 ©Printed in Japan '86.9

IMPORTANT NOTICE
This manual has been provided for the use of authorized Yamaha Retailers and their service personnel. It
has been assumed that basic service procedures inherent to the industry, and more specifically Yamaha
Products, are already known and understood by the users, and have therefore not been restated.
WARNING: Failure to follow appropriate service and safety procedures when servicing this product
may result in personal injury, destruction of expensive components and failure of the
product to perform as specified. For these reasons, we advise all Yamaha product owners
that all service required should be performed by an authorized Yamaha Retailer or the
appointed service representative.
IMPORTANT: The presentation or sale of this manual to any individual or firm does not constitute
authorization, certification, recognition of any applicable technical capabilities, or
establish a principle-agent relationship of any form.
The data provided is believed to be accurate and applicable to the unit(s) indicated on the cover. The
research, engineering, and service departments of Yamaha arc continually striving to improve Yamaha
products. Modifications are, therefore, inevitable and changes in specification are subject to change without
notice or obligation to retrofit. Should any discrepancy appear to exist, please contact the distributor’s
Service Division.
WARNING: Static discharges can destroy expensive components. Discharge any static electricity your
body may have accumulated by grounding yourself to the ground buss in the unit (heavy
gauge black wires connect to this buss).
IMPORTANT: Turn the unit OFF during disassembly and parts replacement. Recheck all work before
you apply power to the unit.
This product uses a lithium battery for memory back-up.
WARNING: Lithium batteries are dangerous because they can be exploded by improper
handling. Observe the following precautions when handling or replacing lithium batteries.
— Leave lithium battery replacement to qualified service personnel.
— Always replace with batteries of the same type.
— When installing on the PC board, solder using the connection terminals provided on
the battery cells. Never solder directly to the cells. Perform the soldering as quickly as
possible.
— Never reverse the battery polarities when installing.
— Do not short the batteries.
— Do not attempt to recharge these batteries.
— Do not disassemble the batteries.
— Never heat batteries or throw them into fire.

H SPECIFICATIONS
CPU
/4)D70008 AC-6 {equivalent of the Z-80B C-MOS)
CLOCK 6MHz (±0.5%)
WAIT 3 or 4 WAIT cycles are inserted when
accessing the LCD
INTERRUPT Only MODE 1 used (NMI unused)
INTERRUPT is generated from USART (^pD71051) &
OPP (YM2164)
RESET POWER ON RESET only
MEMORY
8 x 8 KBIT S-RAM x 2 16 KBYTES (150ns)
All provided with battery-backup
32 KBYTES Program ROM (150ns)
Be sure to use 1 50ns speed MEMORY to be compatible with
the CPU access speed.
INPUT SWITCH
Tact SW (Stroke 1mm! ) X 8
SW name
DATA BUS
SYSTEM-SETUP (DO)
INST-SELECT (D1)
INST-ASSIGN
(D2)
INST-FUNCTION
(D3)
VOICE-FUNCTION (D4)
VOICE-SEL
(D5)
- 1/No (D6)
+ 1/Yes (D7)
1-... -
SYSTEM
—
INSTSEL
-l/NO
-
+I/Yes
INST
ASIGN
INST
FUNC
VOICE
FUNC
VOICE
SEL
_ —
SOUND SOURCE
FM sound source utilizes the OPP (YM2164) and the DAC
(YM3012)
CLOCK 4MHz (±0.2%)
Amp. L-R 2ch
Amplification 9.2dB (1kHz)
Frequency response 10Hz -16kHz (-3dB)
Q 0.72
Residual noise 0.4mV or less
(RMS AC voltmeter 4Hz to 500kHz)
Power ON/OFF noise 10mV/3mV
(RMS AC voltmeter 4Hz to 500kHz)
L/R gain difference Within 0.6dB
Output level -1.7dBm/1kHz
(Sine wave 1 tone/ATT OdB)
Output impedance IkQ/lkHz
D/A conversion sample frequency 62.5kHz
MIDI
USART ^pD71051C
PHOTO COUPLER PC910
MIDI transfer rate 31.25kHz ±0.1%
MIDI THRU DELAY Leading 200ns (TYP)
Trailing 1 50ns (TYP)
CONNECTOR DIN5Px3
(MIDI-IN, MIDI-THRU, MIDI-OUT)
DISPLAY
LCD 16 characters per 1 line
(5x7 dots/1 char)
NEGATIVE TYPE 1/16 DUTY
Optimum visual angle: Vertical direction 20° against
horizontal plane
Horizontal direction 0° against
vertical plane
Visual angle range : Optimum vision ±20° in vertical
direction
Optimum vision ±30° in horizontal
direction
BACK LIGHT 24 chip LED (Working current 180mA)
Color ORANGE
LCD CONTROLLER HD44780A or equivalent
-j-
BATTERY BACKUP
Backup battery lithium battery (160Ah)
Backup period 5 years after Backup SW ON
Backup ON-OFF SW .
POWER SUPPLY
Type
Series type + 3-terminal regulator
Primary side specifications
±10% of rated input 50Hz/60Hz
Electricity consumption 9W
Secondary side specifications
+ 5V (for Digital)
Accuracy ±5%
Electric current 400mA
± 5V (for Analog)
Accuracy ± 5%
Electric current 100mA
GND + 5V (for Digital)
± 5V (for Analog)
FLOAT mutually
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Conditions for use
Product specifications Catalogue specifications
Temperature 0°C~40°C 0°C-35°C
Humidity 20% - 90%
Temperature for storage
Product specifications | Catalogue specifications
Temperature - 20°C ~ 60°C - 15°C - 60°C
Humidity 10% -90%
-
10%-90%
Dimensions 218mm(W) x 48mm(H) x 274mm(D)
Weight
Accessory List: (2) RCA to 1/4 Phone adaptors
(1) MIDI Cable (1m) - 3.2 feet
(1) Instruction manual
(1) Warranty Card
2

■ FUNCTIONS & FEATURES
(Refer to the instruction manual for handling.)
Instrument
No. of Instruments
No. of tones
generated
MIDI channel
System No.
Note range
Up to 8 instruments can be specified
(No.O to No.7)
The FB-01 can generate a maximum
of 8 tones or notes. If only one
instrument is selected, it can be
assigned to have a maximum of 8
notes. However, if two or more
instruments are selected, then the
total 8 note capability is split be¬
tween the various instruments.
For each part, one MIDI channel
number from # 0 to #15 can be
assigned.
Separate from MIDI channels, each
FB-01 can be assigned system
numbers from 1 to 16.
Thus, each FB-01 can be controlled
independently, even though several
FB-01 units are used in the total
system.
Acceptable Note Range C2-G8
Nominal Note Range 8 octaves.
Voice
Number of preset voices : 240
Number of voices which can be defined by the user: 96
(Backed up by battery)
Basic voice data is interchangeable with SFG01 and SFG05.
The notes can be assigned to any instrument (part).
A controller and special software (with MIDI capability) are
necessary to produce voices.
Effects
(Effects settings are possible for each instrument (part).l
Sound volume
PAN
Detune
Transpose
128 steps
L, LR, R
± 100 cent Max.
± 2 octaves Max.
Special Effects
Portamento time 128 steps
Pitch bender range 1 octave Max.
Poly/mono mode switching possible.
AMD control After touch, modulation wheel,
breath control or foot control can
be selected.
PMD control After touch, modulation wheel,
breath control or foot control can
be selected.
•These special effects can be set either for each voice or
for each part.
Configurations
Configurations included 4 types
Configurations so that the USER can define 16 types
(backed up by battery)
"Configuration" is a general te/m for a series of parameters
such as various modes and numerical values which the FB-01
utilizes to generate tones.
Combine Function
When the combine mode is ON, all voice function data such
as bender amount and portamento time are recalled when
a voice is loaded. When the combine mode is OFF, the voice
function data is NOT recalled with the loaded voice.
Configuration Data Listing
Listed in the table below is the data of configuration No. 1 7
which is one of the preset.
The FB-01 has a total of 20 types of configuration data,
namely, 4 types which are preset (in ROM) and 16 types
(with battery backup) for the user (in RAM).
CONFIGURATION NUMBER 1 7
NAME 1 single
VOICE FUNCTION COMBINE ON KEY CODE NUMBER RECEIVE MODE
ALL
INSTRUMENT NUMBER 1 2 <
5 6
7 8
INST
ASSIGN
MIDI CHANNEL 1 2
3 A 5 6
7 8
NUMBER OF NOTES 8 0 0 0 0 0
0 0
— — ' ' ~ 1 "
KEY-CODE NUMBER LIMIT/L 02 02 02 02
02 02 02 02
KEY-CODE NUMBER LIMIT/H G8
ES
G8
G8 G8 G8 G8 G8
VOICE
SELECT
VOICE NUMBER 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1
VOICE BANK NUMBER 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
INST
FUNCTION
OUTPUT LEVEL 127
'
127 127
127
127 127 127 127
OCTAVE TRANSPOSE 0 0 0
mm
0 0 0
0
DETUNE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
STEREO L + R L+R L+R L+R L+R
LFO ENABLE
ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON
VOICE
FUNCTION
PITCHBENDER RANGE 2 2
2 2
2
2 2 2
PORTAMENTO TIME 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i
0
POLY/MONO
POLY POLY
POLY
POLY
POLY
POLY
POLY POL*
INPUT CONTROLLER (PMD)
WHEEL WHEEL WHEEL WHEEL WHEEL

■ CIRCUIT OPERATION
1. CPU Clock Circuit
A 1 2MHz crystal is utilized in the clock generation circuit
to provide the clock signal for the CPU and sound source.
A 6MHz clock signal is applied to the clock terminal (pin
6 ) of the CPU via IC14, a divide by 2 circuit.
2. Sub-clock Circuit
A 4MHz crystal is utilized in the clock generation circuit
to provide the clock signal for the OPP, DAC, and MIDI cir¬
cuitry. It is divided down to 500KHz by IC9 (74HC161)
and applied to the USART ( M PD71051) and OPP (YM2164).
3. Reset Circuit
POWER ON RESET is generated by means of the reset cir¬
cuit consisting of C87, R37, R72 and ZD1. The circuit is
also connected to the Chip Enable (CE) signal generation
circuit for the RAM battery backup function so that the
RAM data is protected at power OFF.
4. CPU, ROM, and RAM
The CPU operates on the basis that the system clock is
about 6MHz. For this reason, the access time of the bus
connecting elements such as ROM and RAM must be faster
than 1 50nS.
The ROM, from 0000H to 7FFFH, is for the voice data and
program area as well as for configuration data area.
The RAM, from 8000H to BFFFH, is used as the area for
storing various types of register and stack information.
The RAM memory is also utilized for storing the Configura¬
tion Dat^, and the User Memory Data. This RAM area is
battery backed-up in order to save or hold the saved data.
■ SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
IN THROUGH OUT
AUDIO PRE
AMPUFIER
5. The Sound Source Circuit
This circuit consists of a 4-operator, 8-voices FM sound
source (OPP YM2164) and the YM3012 DAC. The FM
sound source circuit operates according to the data from
the CPU. There are two channels for the audio output and
they can produce different voices.
6. Switch Scan Circuit
This circuit scans the ON/OFF states of the 8 switches by
means of 1C 1 8 (74HC244) which is directly connected to
the CPU data bus.
7. MIDI Circuit
The USART ( M PD71051: 8251 compatible) is used as the
Transmitting and Receiving device of the MIDI circuit. It
conforms to the MIDI standard VI.0.

■ FB-Ol MEMORY MAP & I/O PORT MAP
MAIN MEMORY MAP
FFFFHI
C000HL
64kbits X 2
(16kbyte) S RAM
4000H
256kbits
FB-01
ROM AREA
32kbytes
I/O AREA MAP
FFH
40H
30H
20H
10H
LCD I/O
Panel SWITCH
USART I/O
OPP I/O
OPP I/O MAP
01H
00H
CPU READ
CPU WRITE
STATUS DATA
Register
Address
USART I/O MAP
1 1H
1 OH
CPU READ CPU WRITE
STATUS
I
Control Word
DATA
1
DATA
Panel SWITCH I/O MA P
9nM |x> e |Dl|D2|E3|I>4|D5 |i>6|P7[ ~
3 1H
30H
LCD I/O MAP
CPU READ CPU WRITE
DATA DATA
•
Busy Flag
Adrs counter
Instruction
Register
BIT Switch Name
D7 +1 /Yes
D6 -1/ No
D5 Voice Select
D4
Voice Function
D3
Inst Function
D2
Inst Assign
D 1 Inst Select
DO
System set up

■ OPERATIONAL CHECK BY UTILIZING THE TEST PROGRAM
Test Mode Entry
Before executing the Test Mode or a repair save the user in¬
formation, all data stored in the S-RAM will be erased when
the Test Mode is activated.
Depress and hold the "SYSTEM SET UP", "INST SELECT"
and "DATA ENTRY - 1/NO". Switches on the front panel
while turn ON the POWER switch, and the test program,
starts operating. Test data is written in the S-RAM memory
area which is from 8000 to BFFFH (indicated as FFFFH).
When this process is complete "S-RAM WRITE END" is
displayed, which means that the data for the backup circuit
check has been written in the S-RAM.
TEST MENU MODE
Pressing the "VOICE SELECT" switch after the "S-RAM
WRITE END" message is displayed sets the TEST menu
mode. The "VOICE SELECT" switch is also used when set¬
ting the mode back to the TEST menu mode from other TEST
mode routines. Once the mode is set to the TEST menu, the
message " = = IFB TEST = =" will be displayed on LCD.
Battery-backup function & S-RAM check
1. Turn ON the battery backup switch.
2. Press the proper switch to set to TEST MODE.
3. If the S-RAM doesn't have the test data written in, writing
of the prescribed data starts automatically.
4. Upon completion of writing the message "S-RAM WRITE
END" i^ displayed. (Press the "VOICE SELECT" key to
return to the menu.)
5. Turn OFF the power and wait for two hours.
6 . Turn ON the power again, set to the TEST mode and check
that "S-RAM CHECK OK!" message is displayed. When
turning ON the power, be sure to start in the TEST mode.
If having started in the NORMAL mode, repeat this pro¬
cess from above step 2.
If the data in S-RAM has been erased, the prescribed data
is automatically written in. However, if "S-RAM WRITE
END" is not displayed after the comparative check, it
means that the S-RAM related part is defective and the
check after this will become ineffective.
LCD Check
1. Press the proper switches to enter the TEST mode.
2. Press the "VOICE-SEL" switch to select the TEST menu
mode the following message should be displayed " = = IFS
TEST = =".
3. Press the "SYSTEM" switch to select the LCD TEST
mode.
4. Check to make sure that LCD displayed characters as
shown in Table 1 which will increment from COHto FFh
D uring each increment 16 characters are displayed at a
time.
5. To stop the sequence and display routine of 16 characters
press the VOICE FUNC switch, and the display will stop
temporarily.
6 .To exit the LCD display routine, press the SYSTEM switch.
7. As a final step, check to make sure that the CHARACTER
GENERATE RAM display appears as shown in the figure.
8 . Also, check that the color, contrast, visual angle and visual
angle range are appropriate.
CPP TIMER Test
1. Press the specified switch to increment to the TEST menu
mode.
2. Press "- 1/NO" switch to advance to the TIMER TEST
PROGRAM.
3. Check to make sure that the "TIMER OK!" message is
displayed.
MIDI Function
1. Prepare two FB-01 standard units (Standard unit is a
FB-01 unit that is known to be functioning correctly).
2. Connect them as shown in Fig.2 by using the MIDI cable
included in the package.
3. Press the specified switch to increment to the TEST menu
mode.
4. Press the INST SEL switches of the standard units (j) and
(2) in Fig.2 to advance to the MIDI TEST mode. (UART
MIDI CHECK)
5. Press the INST SEL switch of the unit being tested to ad¬
vance to the MIDI TEST mode.
6 . Check to make sure that after a few seconds, the "MIDI
OK!" message is displayed on all three units.
AMP Characteristics
1. Terminate both L and R terminals with 47KQ resistors.
2. Press the specified switch to advance to the TEST menu
mode.
3. Press the + 1/Yes switch to run the OPP SOUND CHECK
PROGRAM.
4. Press the - 1/No switch to initiate the output of a 1kHz
TEST signal.
5. Connect a frequency counter to either L or R terminal and
check that frequency is within 1000Hz ± 1Hz.
6 . Using an AC voltmeter (level meter Model M-1 74A of NF
make or equivalent), check to make sure that the FLAT
characteristic is within ± 0.3dB of the specified value and
that the level difference between L and R is within 0.6.dB.
7. Using an oscilloscope, check to make sure that the
waveform is not distorted or clipped from.
8 . Using a distortion meter, check to make sure that the
distortion factor is within 0.5%.
9. Press SYSTEM, INST SEL, -1/NO, + 1/YES, INST
ASSIGN and INST FUNC switches one by one continuous¬
ly and check that the reading of the AC voltmeter is within
± 0.3% of the specified value.
10. Turn the power ON and OFF, and check that the AC
voltmeter reading is less than lOmV then.
11. Check to make sure that the residual noise is less than
0.5mV in the TEST menu mode.
12. With the same settings as specified in step No.6, add a
IkQ to the load resistor and check that the output level
changes to one half the original level.
(Fig. 1)

LCD Pattern Display
Character Pattern Table (Table 1)
^\High order
Low bl ' 00
order 4 bit^\
XXX X0000
1
m
1
0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 101
XXX X000I
XXX X00I
X X X X00I I
X X X X 0100
XXX X 0101
XXXXOIIO
XXXXOIII
X X X X 1000
X X X X 1001
XXXXI0I0
X X X X 101 I
X X X X I 100
X X X X I
X X X X I I I
X X X X I I I I

Connection for MIDI Function Test
MIDI cable
(Unit being tested) (Standard unit © ) (Standard unit © )
Connection diagram for MIDI Function Test (Fig.2)
A "Standard unit" is defined as a properly functioning FB-01.
Three FB-01 units are required if the system channel test is to be performed.
FM Power Source (OPP: YM2164) and D/A (YM3012) Block Diagram
DAC INTERFACE D-GND + 5V

Boot procedure
Power ON
I
▼
Wait for S RAM
to be initialized.
Panel
switch
scanning
RAM-ID
No. veri
fication
yesT^
Initialize OPP
Initialize UART
Wait for static RAM Ready.
(Confirm at 8000H and BFFFH addresses.)
Panel Switch scanning
Are only (system) (INST # ) and 1-1) pressed?
valid ?
Start
TEST program.
Start up the
Diagnostic (TEST)
program.
Initialize battery
backup area.
Initialize OPP
•Start iRQ (timer A. B)
MAIN
LOOP
MIDI
processing
Panel switch
processing
(IRQ)
/
RXRDY
(MIDI/IN)
IK byte
/
Timer B
(Switch)
1 byte
/
Timer A
( •Acti
\ *Port
Active sensing measurement
Portamento treatment
/
TxRDY
(MIDI/OUT)
256 byte
Initialize UAPT
•Start iRQ (RX RDY)
After the power is turned ON, the FB-01 is initialized by the (A'
routine, and then the MAIN LOOP which is the (b) routine waits for
the input and executes each command according to the function that
was activiated.
Enable Interrupt Request
configuration.
(OPP erased)
Initialize LCD and
switch panel.
Ready message
displayed (Wait
for 3 seconds.)
Start MIDI receive
and panel switch
scanning.