Yamaha TX-81Z User manual

I
FM TONE GENERATOR
SERVICE MANUAL
CONTENTS
SPECIFICATIONS 2
PANEL LAYOUT .2
BLOCK DIAGRAM 4
MEMORY CONFIGURATION 6
PRESET VOICE NAME 7
MODE SELECT 3
INITIALIZE VOICE 9
INITIALIZE PERFORMANCE 10
MIDI DATA FORMAT 13
SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE DATA FORMAT IS
MIDI IMPLEMENTATION CHART 27
TEST PROGRAM 26
LSI DATA TABLE ..30
1C BLOCK DIAGRAM 31
CIRCLNT BOARDS 32
PARTS LIST
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006727 '
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SINCE J8&7 <§> YAMAHA
NIPPON GAKKICO .LTD HAMAMATSU. JAPAN
97^-61 2 d* Printed in Japii" ST.
I

rmz
SPECIFICATIONS
Switches
POWER, STORE/EG COPY, UTILITY, EDIT/
COMPARE, PLAY/PERFORM, PARAMETER UP,
PARAMETER DOWN, DEC, INC, CURSOR LEFT,
CUHSOR RIGHT, CURSOR
Display
1Scharacter x2row backlit LCD
Terminals
CASSETTE, MIDI THRU, MIDI OUT, MIDI IN,
OUTPUT ini' PHONES
Power Requirements
\US and Canadian model) .,.AC 110-1 20V,
50/60HZ
(General model! ^AC 220 -240V,
50/80 Hz
Power Consumption
3W
Dimensions
480 x282 x45.2 mm {W xDx H}
(18-1 5/16" x11-1/8" x1-3/4")
Weight
3.4 kg (7 lbs. 8oz.l
PANEL LAYOUT
•Front Panel o
O'
POWER
.-.rjNr.B.OFF
YAMAHA
FM TONE GtNERATOfl
TYKfflT
... ._ i
V-J v:.T
3?' :!/ T' i:-... 0'4? ;:
x; *
MOPE SELECT
ll 1=1 !i:
\STOflEf
EG COPY UTILITY EDITi
1
COMPARE
1=
F
•Rear Panel
2

TX81Z
.ECT *. MflAMETEfl DATA ENTW master volume
edit; PLAW
PERFORM O,0 !
DEC INC
f
:
!of
:]
-
1
HCursor i
WO«FF. YE5;ON
PHOfCS o
o
3

1=1
DISPLAY
1
<
"MODE
SELECT
r
rVOICE
PARAMETER
i
—
DATA
ENTRY—
,
rMASTER
VOLUME^
rCURSOR^i

DISPLAY 1iMODE SELECT rVOICE PARAMETER! r—DATA ENTRY —
,rMASTER VOLUMEt rCURSORn

7X81
Z
TXS12
PRESET VOICE NAME
BANK ABANK BBANK CBANK D
1GrandPlano 1TrumpetBIZ tNylonGuit 1BaadBreath
2Uprt Piano 2Full Brass 2Guitar #1 2Vocal Nuts
3Deep Grd 3FlugelHorn 3TwelveStrg 3KrstIChoir
4HonkeyTonk 4ChorusBras 4Funky Pick 4Metal imba
5Elec Grand 5Franch Hore 5All ThatJaz 5WaterGlass
6Fuzz Plano 6AteckBrass 6h:
-*
HeavyMetal 6BowedBeEl
7SkoofPiano 7SpitBoneBC 7Old Banjo 7)>wow< <
8Thump Pno 3Homs BC 8Zither 8Fuzzy Koto
9LoTineSIZ 9MeHoTenor 9ElecBass 19Spc Midiot
10 HiTlneBI
Z
10 RaspAlto 10 SqncrBass 10 Gurgle
IT Electro Pno 11 Flute 11 SynFunkBas 11 Hole in 1
12 NewElectro 12 Pan Flloot 12 ElecBass 212 Birds
13 DynomlteEF 13 Basson 13 AnalogBass 13 MalibuNite
14 DynoWurl ie 14 Oboe 14 Jaco Bass 14 Helicopter
15 Wood Piano 15 Clarinet 15 LatelyBass 15 Flight Sirn
16 Reed Piano 16 Harmonica 16 MonophBass 16 Brth bells
17 PercOrgan 17 PoubleBass 17 StadoumSol 17 Storm Wind
IS 168 42F18 BowCello 18 TrumptSolo 18 Alarm Call
19 *PumpOrgan 19 BoxCello 19 BGSexyPhon 19 Recing Car
20 <6 Tease> 20 SoloVioItn 20 Lyrisyn 20 Whistling
21 Farcheeza 21 HiString 121 WarmSquare 21 Space Talk
22 Small Pipe 22 iowString 22 Sync Lead 22 Space Vibe
23 Big Church 23 Pizzicato 23 MellowSqar 23 Timpani
24 AnalogOrgn 24:,' ;yiarp 24 jazz Flute 24 FM Hi-Hats
25 Thin Clav 25 ReverbStrg 25 Heavy Lead 25 Bass Drum
26 EZ Clav 26 SynString 26 Java Jive 26 Tube Bells
27 Fuzz Clavi 27 Voices 27 Xylophone 27 Noise Shot
28 LiteHarpsi 28 HarmoPad 23 GreatVibes 28 Snare 1
29 RichHarpsi 29 Fanfarlpts 29 Sitar 29 Snare 2
30 Celeste 30 HiString 230 Bel! Pad 30 Hand Drum
31 BriteCeist 31 Perc Flute PlasticHit
^.f.ji rir. Hwi.-.J-H-: 31 l» -t rSynballs
32 Squeezebox 32 BffeathOrgn 32 DigiAnnie 32 Eferm Toms
__ „—
N,
V
11I I Tr
7

TXS1Z
MODI SELECT
The TX81Z has two main modes. Each main mode has three "sub-modes".
Press twite, remains lit.
SINGLE
PLAY (Single)
PLAY/
PERFORM
Select and play any
voice using chords of
up to 8notes
.
PLAY/
PERFORM
EDIT (Single)
Create your own voices
or modify an existing
voice.
UTILITY (Single)
£=3 Save and load data
,
UTILITY *Set microtone tables. UTILITY
*Set program change table
,
’Set pan, delay and chord
effects
.
’And other useful functions.
PERFORMANCE
PLAY (Performance)
ft *-
The TX81Z acts as up to
8independent instruments
as specified in the Performance
Memory that you select
.
EDIT (Performance)
Change the settings of a
Performance Memory,
UTILITY (Performance)
*Set aPerformance to a
basic setting,
*And other useful functions.
8

1X812
TX81Z
INITIALIZE VOICE
This will set the voice data in the edit buffer to the settings shown below.
utility MODE
In tVoice?
When creating avoice from scratch, it is o*ten useful to start from this "basic
setting" rather than having to reset all the parameters by hand. Press YES.
The LCD will ask "Are you sure?", press YES again. The edit Duffer will be
set to the voice data shown below, and you will automatically enter Edit
Mode
,
INITIAL VOICE DATA
ALG —1{Mode} —RATIO Poly Mode
Feedback =0OSW =W1 (sine) PBend Range —4
Wave -triangl DET =0Full Time Porta
Speed —35 AR =31 Porta Time —0
Delay 0DIR =31 FC Volume -40
PMod Depth 0D1L =L 15 FC Pitch =* 0
AMod Depth =0D2R 31 0FC Amplitude 0
Sync =off RR =; 15 MW Pitch =50
PMod Sens. r= 6SHFT =off MW Ampli =0
AMS =0OUT —90 OP 1BC Pitch =
AME ;off 02BC Amplitude =0
EBS —003BC PBias 0
KVS =004BC EG Bias =0
IFrequency) —1.00 RS —0Middle CC3
L-S -0Reverb Rate 3off
Name IN IT
VOICE
9

txsiz
INITIALIZE PERFORMANCE
^This lets you initialize the Performance Buffer to one of the standard settings.
P.UTI UTY Sing!
Init Perfrm?
SingF/duol/split/'monq 8/pdy 4
Press NO to select the initialization setting you want. When the LCD shows the
desired setting, press YES, You will be asked '"Are you sure?" as press YES
again.
•Standard Settings
Performance name SINGLE
Instrument 123456 78
Assign Mode (Normal)/ Alternate
Max Notes (0-8) •> 80000000
Voice No, 001-032) 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101
Receive Cb, (1-16, oimnf} 12345678
Limit /L (C-2 —G8) C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 C2C-2 C2
Limit /H (C-2 -G8) G8 GB G8 G8 G8 G8 G8 GE
Detune (—7 —[phone]
Note Shift (-24 -+24} 0000000
Volume (0-99) 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99
Out Assign (off, 1,11,1 II) 1II 1II 1II 1II 1II 111 1II 1M
LFO Select Toff, 1,2,vib) 12vi bvib vib vib vib vib
Micro Tune (select) Oct •olf'/on (pfjVon pfjVon offVon ip?0/on off) /on @/on :pfJ;/on
Elect Select i.pff)/ Delay /Pan /Chord
10

Txaiz
TX812
Performance name DUAL
Instrument 12345678
Assign Mode (Normal)/ Alternate
Max Notes (0-8) 44000 0 0 0
Voice No. (I01-D32) 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101
Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) 11345 6 78
LimEt/L (C-2 -GS) C2 C-2 C2C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2
Limit /H (C-2 -G8) G8 GB G8 GS GS G8 GS GS
Detune f-7 —+7) 0+2 00000 0
Note Shift (-24- [phone]
Volume (0-99) 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 j
Out Assign (l r1lrl+l 1)1II 111 \II 1II 1II 1El 1II
1
EII
LFO Select (off, 1r2rvib) 12via vib vib vib vib vib
Micro Tune (select) Oct (off) /on pjf'/on (ofl1/on @)/on 'iffVon iTf)/on ®/an @>/on
Efect Select >:§fj)/ Delay /Pan /Chord
Performance name SPLIT
Instrument 123 4 66{78
Assign Mode (Normal)/ Alternate
Max Notes (0-8) 44 0 0 0 00 0
Voice No, (I01-D32) 101 101 E01 101 101 101 101 101
Receive Ch, (1-16, omni) 11345 6 73
Limit /L (C-2 -GS) C-3 C-2 C-2 C2C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2
Limit /H (C-2 -G8) GS B2 GS GS G8 GS GS GS
Detune (--7 —[phone]
Note Shift (-24 -[phone]
Volume (0-99) 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99
Out Assign (IJIJ+II) 1II 1LI \II 1II 111 1Tl 1II E11
LFO Select (off, 1,2,vib) 12 vib vib vib vib vib vi b
MEc ro Tune (select) Oct §_ff)/on 6ff)/o n@Von @)/on ;pff)/on (off;,' on @/on Off;/o n
Efect Select £ff)/ Delay /Pan /Chord
11

Txaiz
Performance name MON 03
Instrument 12345678
Assign Mode (Norma l)/ A1re rna te
Max Notes (0-8) 11111i1- 1
—
-
1
Voice No. (101 D321 101 102 103 104 105 I0G 107 108
Receive Ch. (1-16, omni) 12345 6 73
Limit /L (C-2 —G8> C-2 C-2 C-2 C2C-2 C-2 C-2 C 2
Limit /H {C 2-G8) G8 G3 GB GS GB GB GB G8
Detune (-7 —[phone]
Note Shift (—24 -[phone]
Volume (0 99) 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99
Out Assign (l rII, l+l 1) 111 1II III EII 1II 1II !II 1IE
LFO Select (1,2, vib} 12vib vib vib vibvib \j ib
-i
Micro Tune (select) Oct @)/on ipTp/on pff)/on 'ipTf}/on $ff)/on ptfVon ofp/c n
Effect Select :pff) /Delay /Pan /Chord
r
Performance name POLY4
Instrument 12345673
Assign Mode (Normal)/ Alternate
Max Notes {0-8} 22220000
Voice No, (I01-D32) 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108
Receive Ch, (1-16,omni) 12345678
Limit /L (C-2 -GB) C-2 C-2 C-2 C2C-2 C2C-2 C2
Limit /H (C-2 -G8) G8 GB G8 GB G8 G8 G8 GB
Detune (—7 —[phone]
Not Shift (-24- [phone]
Volume fQ«99} 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99
Out Assign (!, EL l+fl) 1M1II fII 1El 119 Ell rN1If
LFO Select {1,2, vib) 12vib vib vib vib vib vib
Micro Tune (select) Oct ipff)/on ipfp/on ipTf)/on (pffVon ^fT)/ori @)/on@>7on SSfp/or
Effect Sefect i^ff) /Delay /Pan /Chord
12

TX81Z
TXS1Z
MIDI DATA FORMAT
The TX81Z responds to MID! messages as shown in the diagram -BCH indicates Basic Rev. Ch. and RCN
indicates the receive channel for an individual instrument ,G1-G1G indicates the Global Channel for Controller
or Pitch Bend.
*ln the case of Control Change J'Panjr (Bn.QA.xx), data values of Q—42 =output I, 43 —35 =output I+II
and 86 ~127 =output fl H
*System Common messages Flh F7h and System Realtime messages F8h-FDh and FFh are ignored.
*Dnce an Active Sensing message FEh is received, the TX81Z will expect acontinuing stream of MIDI mes-
sages. If no messages come for aperiod of about 300 msec, it dears the MIDt input buffer and turns off any
notes that are currently sounding.
PG&t| Crtg
IT ~C3Z -*0 -127
01 -D32-J-0 -31
PFMI -24 -+32 ™&H
MIDI OUT
13

TXS1Z
*
*ln PLAY mode when avoice or performance is selected using the front panel keys, the TX81Z wilF send a
program change message, I0I-C32 CO-1 27^ DQ1-D32 (0-31), PFG1PF24 (32-55).
Ml EM tW
14

TXS1Z
TX81Z
SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE DATA FORMAT
Reading this section will not necessarily help you use the TX81Z, This data is provided to comply with the
MIDI Specification, and will be helpful to those who write computer programs to process TXB 12 data.
The TX81Z has three types of System Exclusive message; Parameter Change messages, Bulk Data messages and
Dump Request messages,
These messages change the value of aparameter in TX81Z memory. There are
PARAMETER 8subgroups of Parameter Changes; VCED, AGED, PCED, Remote Switch,
CHANGE Micro Tuning, Program Change, Effect data and System data,
MESSAGES VCED, AGED, PCED and Remote Switch parameter change messages have the
following format.
1111 0000
0100001
T
OOGInnnn
Oggggghh
Oppppppp
Oddddddd
11110111
FGh Exclusive
43h l.D, number (Yamaha)
Inh Basic receive channel
ggggg =Group number, hh -Subgroup number
ppppppp =Parameter number
ddddddd =Data
F7h End Of Exclusive
*VCED (Voice parameters compatible with DX2 1/27/1 00)
ggggg =00100 (4), hh -10 (2)
*AGED (Additional voice parameters for TX81 Z)
'ggggg -00100 (4), hh* 11 (3)
*PCED (Performance parameters)
ggggg =00100 (4), hh -11 £3)
*Remote Switch (The same effect as pressing aswitch on the TX81Z front
panel, ie, "remote control",)
ggggg -001 00 (0), hh =» 00 (0), ddddddd =0(off), 7F (on)
System Parameter Change (basic receive channel settings, etc.) and Effect
Parameter Change (data for delay, pan and chord) messages have the following
format.
1111 0000
01000011
0001 nnnn
Oggggghh
Okkkkkkk
Oddddddd
11110111
FQh Exclusive
43h l.D, number (Yamaha)
Inh Basic receive channel
ggggg -00100 (4),hh =00 (0)
kkkkkkk =Parameter number
(123 =System Parameter, 124 =Effect Parameter)
ddddddd =data
F7h End of Exclusive
%.
15

TX81Z
jt
K
y
Micro Tune parameter change me$$at£$ have the following format.
1111 0000 FOh Exclusive
01000011 43h !,D. number {Yamaha}
0001nn n n 1nh Basic receive channel
Oggggghh ggggg =00100 (4), hh -00
Oppppppp ppppppp =1111101 ft 26) OCT
1111110(126) FULL
Okkkkkkk kkkkkkk =key number
ohhhbhhh hbhhhhh =note C#-1 to C7 (T 3-1 03)
01 I|II I I|||||||=data fine tuning 0to +31* -31 to -1 (0-32, 33*63}
111101 11F7h End Of Exclusive
Program Change Table parameter change messages have the following format.
The data is0-134d, indicating the TX81Z memory to be selected in response to
the incoming program change number. 0-31 (1 1-132}, 32*63 (A1-A32)* 04-96
(81 B32}, 96-127 (C1-C32), 128 160 (D1-D32}, 161-184 (PF1-PF24)
1H 10000
01000011
0001 nnnn
Oggggghh
Oppppppp
Okkkkkkk
Qhhhhhhh
01 111iiI
11110111
FQh Exclusive
43h I.D.n umber {Yamaha}
Inh Basic receive channel
ggggg -00100 (4), hh -00
ppppppp =1111111 (127}
kkkkkkk =program change number
hhbhhhh =data (high)
El IIIi I -data (low)
F7h End Of Exclusive
BULK DATA
MESSAGES
The TX81Z receives and transmits 10 types of bulk data message, Each has the
format FO (System Exclusive}, 43 (Yamaha ID number}. On (bulk data on
channel n), data size (high}, data size (low}, data, checksum (twos complement
of the lower 7bits of the sum of alt, databytes), F7 (EGX). Some bulk data
messages have alO^character ASCII header. These characters ore considered to
be part of the data.
*Voice (AGED)
Additional voice parameters for the TXS1Z, f=126 (7 Eh) "LM. S986-
AE", data size =23 +10 =33 (0021 h}
FO. 43. On. 7E, 00. 21 ."LM-8970-AET (AGED data), checksum. F7
*1 Voice (VCED)
Voice parameters for the TX81Z. f=4, data size =93 (0Q5dh) rtotal size
=93+8= 101 (5Dh)
FO. 43, On, 03, 00, 5D, (VCED data), checksum. F7
IS] ote ———
These two bulk data messages are transmitted when avoice is selected while
ir> PLAY SINGLE mode, or when you "Init Voice" or "Recall Edit".
If AGED is received alone, the VCED edit buffer will be unaffected.
If VCED is received alone, the AGED edit buffer will be initialized.
16

TX81Z
Txeiz
*32 Voice (VMEM)
This message includes both AGED and VCED parameters for 32 voices,
f=4, data size =128 x32 =4096 (10Q0h), total size =4096 +8=4104
FO, 43. On. 04. 10. 00. (VMEM data), checksum. F7
*1 Performance (FCED)
The contents of the performance edit buffer.
f=126 <7Eh) "1_M..8976PE", data size =120 (0Q78h), total size -120
+3=128
F0. 43. On. 7E. 00. 78. "LM..8976PE". (data), checksum. F7
*32 Performance fPMEM)
Data for 24 internal performance memories +8initial performances,
f=126 "LM..8976PM" data size =10 +(76 x32) =2442 (OOSAh)
total size =2442 +8=2450
FO. 43. On. 7E. 13. 0A, "LM__e976PM", (data), checksum. F7
‘System (SYS)
TX81 Zsystem data (basic receive channel, etc.)
f-126 "LM..S976SQ data size =10 +27 =37, total size =37 +8=45
FO. 43. On. 7E, 00. 25. "LM..&976SC", (data), checksum. F7
‘Program Change Table (SYS)
Selected memory numbers I1-PF24 for each incoming program change,
f=126 "LM_897GS1" data size =10 +128 x 2 =266 (OIQAh), total
size =266 +8 -274
F0. 43, On. 7E. 02. OA. "LNL.S976S1 ", (data), checksum. F7
‘Effect Data (SYS)
Data for the three effects (delay,pan, chord)
f-126 "UVUS976S2" data size -10 [phone] b), total size
=65 +8=73
FO. 43. On, 7E. 00. 41, "LM..8976S2" (data), checksum, F7
‘Micro Tune Octave
Contents of the user octave micro tune memory,
f-126 "LM-MCRTEO" data size =24 +10 =34 (0022b), total size
=34 +8=42
FO. 43. On. 7E, 00, 22, "LM.-MCRTEO", (data), checksum. F7
‘Micro Tune Full Kbd
Contents of the user full keyboard micro tune memory,
f-126 "LM-MCRTE1" data size =256 +10= 266 (OIQAh), total size
=274
FO. 43, On, 7E. 00, 22, "LM-MCRTE1", (data), checksum. F7
17

Txaiz
-/ DUMP REQUEST
MESSAGES
When the TXS1Z receives one of these messages with achannel number "n
"
that matches its Basic Receive channel, it will transmit the requested data as
described above in Bulk Data.
VCED FO, 43. On. 03. F7
VMEM FO. 43, On. 04. F7
AGED +VCED FO, 43. On. 7E. -'LM..8976AE", F7
PCED FO, 43. On. 7E, "LM__8976PE" F7
PMEM FO, 43. On. 7 E. "LM_8976PMJ\F7
System Setup FO. 43. On. 7E. J< LM-89765x", F7
Micro Tune FO. 43. On. 7E. “LWL.MCRTEx". F7
*
z
18

TX81Z
TX81Z
Voice Edit Parameters (VCED
)
Parameter number 1Parameter LCD Data
0Attack Rate AR 0-31
1Decay 1Rate DIR 0-31
2Decay 2Rate D2R 0-31
3Release Rate RR 015
4Decay 1Level D1L 0-15
5Level Scaling LS 0-99
6Rate Scaling RS 0-3 OP, 4
,1EG Bias Sensitivity EBS 0-7
8Amplitude Modulation Enable AME 0-1
9Key Velocity Sensitivity KVS 0-7
10 Operator Output Level OUT 0-99
11 Frequency CRS 0-63
12 Detune DET 0-6 (Center =3)
13
1OP. 3
26
i
.OP. 2
39
1OP. 1
52 Algorithm ALG 0-7
53 Feedback Feedback 0-7
54 LFO Speed Speed 0-99
55 *LFO Delay Deiay 0-99
56 Pitch Modulation Depth PMod Depth 099
57 Amplitude Modulation Depth AMod Depth 099
58 LFO Sync Sync 0-1
59 LFO Wave Wave 0-3
60 Pitch Modulation Sensitivity PMod Sens 0-7
61 Amplitude Modulation Sensitivity AMS 0-3
62 Transpose Middle C=048 (Center =24)
63 Poly/Mono Poly Mode 0-1
64 Pitch Bend Range PBend Range 0-12
65 Portamento Mode Full Time Porta 0-1
66 Portamento Time Porta Tima 0 99
67 Foot Control Volume FC Volume 0-99
68 Sustain
—
0-1
69 Portamento 0-1
70 Chorus 0-1 (Set 0)
71 Modulation Wheel Pitch MW Pitch 0-99
72 Modulation Wheel Amplitude MW Amplitude 0-99
73 Breath Control Pitch BC Pitch 0-99
74 Breath Control Amplitude BC Amplitude 099
ID

TXS1Z
Parameter number Parameter LCD Data
75 Breath Control Pitch Bias BC Pitch Bias 0-99 (Center =50)
76 Breath Control EG Bias BC EG Bias 0-99
77 Voice name char 1—32-127
7B Voice name char 2—32 127
79 Voice name char 3—32 127
80 Voice name char 4—32-127
81 Voice name char 5—32-127
82 Voice name char 6—32-127
83 Voice name char 7—32-127
84 Voice name char 8—;32-127
85 Voice name char 9—32-127
86 Voice name char 10 —32-127
(Parameters 87-92 not used in the TX81 Z.)
93 Operator On/Off (bits 0-3) —0-15 (OP. on -1)
Voice Edit Additional Parameteters (ACED)
Parameter number Parameter LCD Data
0-Fixed Frequency FIX 0-1
1Fixred Frequency Range Fix Range 0-7 0(250Hz)-
i7{32kHz)
2Frequency Range Fine FIN (RATIO) 0-15 OP, 4
3Operator Waveform QSW 0-7
4EG Shift SHFT 0-3 0(96dB), 1(48dB)
-2(24dB), 3(1 2dB} :
5
lOP. 3
70
1OP. 2
15
1OP, 1
20 Reverb Rate Reverb Rate
1-070(off) r7(fast)
21 Foot Controller Pitch FC Pitch 099
22 Foot Controller Amplitude FC Amplitude 0-99
20
TX81Z