Yamaha DX100 User manual

YAMAHA
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DIGITAL PROGRAMMABLE ALGORITHM SYNTHESIZER
SYNTHETISEUR NUMERIQUE AALGORITHMES
PROGRAMMABLES
DIGITAL PROGRAMMIERBARER ALGORITHMUS
SYNTHESIZER
OWNER'S MANUAL
MANUEL D'UTILISATION
BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG

CONGRATULA TIONS!
Your Yamaha DX100 Digital Programmable Algorithm Synthesizer incorporates state-
of-the-art digital FM tone generation technology, providing extraordinarily vibrant, rich
voices and outstanding payability. The DX1 00 has aprogrammable 24-voice INTERNAL
memory (RAM) from which any voice can be selected at the touch of abutton, two
96-voice PRESET (ROM) memories (a total of 192 fine preset voices!), a96-voice BANK
memory that permits storage of PRESET voices in any configuration for one-touch se-
lection, and acassette interface that permits unlimited storage of FM voices. Of course,
the DX100 is fully programmable, allowing you to create your own FM voices or sound
effects. Broad MIDI compatibility is also provided so the DX1 00 can control or be
controlled via other MIDI-compatible music equipment.
To ensure that you gain maximum benefit from all the performance and flexibility provided
by the DX1 00, we urge you to read this owner's manual thoroughly while actually trying
out all of the available functions. c*
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I: SETTING UP 3
1. Audio Outputs 3
2. Optional Foot Switch 3
3. Optional BC-1 Breath Controller 3
4. Headphones 3
5. MIDI Terminals 3
6. Cassette 3
7. Battery, AC Power Adaptor 3
8. Power-ON, Low Battery LED Indicator 4
9. LCD Contrast Control 4
10. ID Function 4
11. When Using Dry Batteries 5
CHAPTER II: PLAYING THE DX100 6
1. DX100 Voice Memory Configuration 6
2. The INTERNAL PLAY Mode 7
3. The BANK PLAY Mode 8
The SHIFT Mode 8
4. The 192-Voice PRESET Memory 9
PRESET SEARCH 10
CHAPTER III: THE FUNCTION MODE 11
1. Accessing the FUNCTION Mode 11
2. Entering Function Data 11
"3. The Performance Parameters 11
4. Tuning Functions 17
5. Memory Management Functions 17
6. MIDI Functions 22
CHAPTER IV: VOICE PROGRAMMING 24
1. The Basics of FM Synthesis 24
2. The EDIT and COMPARE Modes 29
3. The Voice Parameters 30
4. Storing Voice Data 38
5. Two Approaches to Creating Your Own Voices 38
CHAPTER V: VOICE PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE 40
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS 44
MIDI DATA FORMAT 45
1. Transmission Conditions 45
2. Transmission Data 46
3. Reception Conditions 49
4. Reception Data 50
5. System Exclusive Data 53
VOICE/FUNCTION DATA 57
DATA NAME 58
c+

PRECAUTIONS
%
7. Location
2. Cleaning
3. Service and
Modifications
4. Relocation
5. Handling
6. Electrical Storms
(Lightning)
7. Electromagnetic
Fields
Avoid locations exposed to direct sunlight or other sources of heat. Also avoid
locations subject to vibration, excessive dust, cold or moisture.
Do not attempt to clean the exterior with chemical solvents; this may damage the
finish. Clean with asoft, dry cloth.
Do not open the DX100 or attempt to make your own repairs or modifications to
any part of the instrument. Such actions may not only result in electrical shock or
damage, but will also void the product warranty. Refer all servicing to aqualified
Yamaha service center.
When moving the instrument be sure to unpfug the AC adaptor (PA-1 21 0, optional)
as well as all other connecting cables.
Avoid applying excessive force to switches and slide controls, dropping or rough
handling. The DX1 00 is ruggedly constructed using reliable solid-state circuitry,
but it is still afine instrument and should be treated with care.
Digital circuitry, such as that used in the DX1 00, is sensitive to voltage spikes and
surges. Be sure to remove all connecting cables in the event of an electrical storm.
Digital circuitry is also sensitive to electromagnetic fields such as those produced
by television sets, radio receivers, transmitters, transceivers, etc. The DX1 00 should
be kept several feet away from any such sources in order to prevent possible random
malfunctions.

CHAPTER I: SETTING UP
1. Audio Outputs
2. Optional Foot
Switch
3. Optional BC-7
Breath Controller
4. Headphones
5. MIDI Terminals
6. Cassette
7. Battery, AC Power
Adaptor
The DX100 has asingle mono audio output for its tone generator channel. This
is labelled OUTPUT. It permits sending amono signal to either amono or stereo
sound system, or amixing console for recording or PA applications.
The FOOT SW phone jack is for an optional footswitch. It accepts aYamaha FC-4
or FC-5 footswitch or equivalent for portamento/sustain control; press for sustain
or portamento release to damp or turn portamento off.
Yamaha's unique BC-1 breath controller is plugged into the mini-jack on the rear
panel.
The PHONES jack accepts any standard pair of stereo headphones. The audio signal
is sent to the headphones in mono. Headphone volume is controlled by the VOLU M
E
control on the top panel.
These terminals are used when connecting the DX100 to other MIDI (Musical
Instrument Digital Interface) compatible equipment such as digital sequence re-
corders, modular FM voice generators, drum machines, etc. The MIDI OUT terminal
transmits MIDI data from the DX1 00 to other MIDI equipment. The MIDI OUT
terminal will normally be connected to the MIDI IN terminal of the receiving
equipment. The MIDI IN terminal receives MIDI data from external MIDI equipment
such as adigital sequence recorder, music computer or modular FM voice generator.
The DXIOO's MIDI IN terminal will normally be connected to the MIDI OUT terminal
of the transmitting equipment. The MIDI THRU terminal re-transmits the data re-
ceived at the MIDI IN terminal. Thus, data received via the DX100 MIDI IN terminal
can be simultaneously sent to other MIDI equipment.
The DIN connector end of the supplied cassette cable is plugged into the DX1 00
CASSETTE connector. The three plugs on the other end of the cable should be
connected to acassette data recorder (the kind normally used with personal
computers, etc.) as follows:
RED -* cassette deck microphone input.
WHITE -> cassette deck earphone output.
BLACK -» cassette deck remote input (where applicable).
The DX100 operates off 6"C" size batteries which are inserted in the battery
compartment at the bottom of the synthesizer. To operate the DX100 from an AC
power outlet, insert the optional PA-1210 AC power adaptor cord into the DC IN
jack located on the rear panel of the DX100, and then plug the standard 2-prong
plug into an AC wall socket. Be sure that your local line voltage matches that
specified on the PA-1 21 0. You will find the POWER switch next to the DC IN jack
on the rear panel of the DX100.

NOTE:,
When setting up your system, be sure to turn ON the DX1 00 (and any effects
units used) BEFORE turning ON the main amplifier system. This will prevent
the initial power-on shock surge from possibly damaging your amplifier and
speaker system.
The QX100 features aPower-ON LED indicator, located immediately to the right
8. Power-ON, LOW of the LCD indicator on the top panel. It glows when the Power switch on the rear
Battery LED Indicator Panel is turned 0N -Additionally, it flashes to warn of low battery power should
such an occasion arise (batteries provide approximately 1hours of continual use.)
9. LCD Contrast
Control
An LCD Contrast Control, located on the back panel, is provided in the DX100 to
provide aclearly visible readout under most lighting circumstances.
70. ID Function It is possible to change the 'Welcome to DX!" message which appears when the
power is first switched ON to anything you like-your name, for example. To change
the !D, hold the KEY SHIFT button while turning the power ON. The current ID
message will be displayed with acursor over the first character.
fWelcome to DX!>
The cursor can then be moved to any character position on the display by suc-
cessively pressing the KEY SHIFT button.
<Welcome to DX!t
Choose the position to enter anew character, then using the DATA ENTRY slider
or buttons, select the new character from the available character set.
VOICE NAME CHARACTERS
-<
SPACE !"=$%X'(}*+-.-. y' I2345678
:<=" >?dA6CDEF'GH IJKLMNOPQRSTU
VWXYZ[' YJ-~abcdefghijkImnopq
rytu v WxyIi! !
"^
Move the cursor to the next character position and enter the next character as
described above. When your new ID message is complete, simply press any button
other than the KEY SHIFT, DATA ENTRY, STORE or FUNCTION buttons to enter
the normal operation mode. The new ID message you have entered will now be
displayed every time you turn the instrument ON.

-Insert 6Csize dry batteries (optional). Remove the cover at the rear of the main
11. When Using Dry unit and insert the batteries while checking the polarity. When doing so, be sure
Batteries t0 set ^er'DDon f°rremoving batteries under the second one from the left.
This ribbon facilitates removal of the batteries.
After inserting the dry batteries, replace the cover of the battery compartment.
DX1 00 CONNECTIONS
NOTE:
We recommend that you use the AC adaptor (PA 1210) in preference to
batteries whenever possible; it is much more economical.
*W
STEREO OR MONO
HEADPHONES
AC ADAPTOR
^P^ \(PA-1210)
ON/OFF FOOTSWITCH
BC-1 BREATH
CONTROLLER
TO MIDI
EQUIPMENT
DIRECT OUTPUT OF ^
SIGNAL RECEIVED
AT MIDI IN
FROM MID!
EQUIPMENT
:H: t":T^
u"a
ill' 1
—i—
i
ii 11 H
MIXER OR STEREO
SOUND SYSTEM
MIDI THRU MIDI OUT MIDI IN
BLACK
(not used)
«=rTTD.
WHITE
(EAR)
t_cTTnt
RED
(MIC)
CONTRAST CONTROL *m

I
CHAPTER II: PLA YING THE DX700
i» i1,l s» ,1 ».1 *f a. ^, mj
ALGORITHM FEEDBACK WAVE MODULATION SENSITIVITY
AMPLITUDE EG BIAS KEY VELOCITY
1' II |2 I
CHANNEL
ENVELOPE
1| |U 11 IP II
SYS INFO IP—11' 115—119 II |L£_ |l« IIh2 1
MASTER ON-OFF
MIDI
DETUNL
CH INFO
GENERATOR
RECALL
EDIT INIT
VOICE EDIT
BANK
OPERATOR
OUT LEVEL
SAVE/VERIFY LOAD LOAD SINGLE MEMORY
1UFNt AUJ
OSCILLATOR
CASSETTE
KEYBOARD SCALING
F-Horbcr
FREQ RATIO AR D1R D1L D2R RR RATE LEVEL TRANSPOSE
|13 II [14 J
:MODE TIME Jl IL!Z II |M9 PITCH Jl L2 1|
AMPLITUDE
||20
PITCH -Jl 121 l| [1 22
AMPLITUDE PITCH _l !23 I|l24 1
POLY MONO PITCH BEN FOOT sw BIAS EG BIAS VOICE NAME
PORTAMENTO WHEEL RANGE BREATH RANGE
^
1. DX100 Voice
Memory
Configuration
The DX1 00 has three different voice memories which serve different purposes. They
are:
The 24-voice INTERNAL memory.
This voice memory is used for quick selection of voices for performance, and it is
to this memory that original voices you have edited or programmed are initially
stored. Cassette LOAD and STORE operations are also carried out to and from the
24-voice INTERNAL memory. Voices from the 192-voice PRESET memory may
also be stored in the INTERNAL memory.
The 96-voice BANK memory (4 BANKS x24 voices each).
The BANK memory incorporates four 24-voice BANKS-A, B, Cand D. The BANK
is most useful for storing groups of voices you have arranged for specific purposes.
The different banks may be programmed with different voice groups you need for
different "sets" in aperformance, or you can categorize your voices into BANKs
(i.e. piano-type voices in one bank, brass in another, etc.), or any combination you
like. The BANK can be loaded with voices from the PRESET memory (described
below) or from the INTERNAL memory using the EDIT BANK function.
The 192-voice PRESET memory.
This is aread-only memory which contains 192 FM voices. These are organized
into two groups of 96 voices each. The first group is accessible in the NORMAL

mode, while the second group is accessed in the SHIFT mode (these modes will
be described below). These voices may be selected and stored in the BANK or
INTERNAL memories as desired. They can also be directly accessed and played
using the PRESET SEARCH function.
The chart below shows the overall DX1 00 voice memory configuration. The VOICE
EDIT BUFFER is aspecial memory into which avoice is placed when selected.
Whether avoice is selected from the INTERNAL memory, the BANK memory, or
the PRESET memory, it is placed in the VOICE EDIT BUFFER where it can be played,
edited, stored in another memory location or saved on cassette.
INITIAL VOICE
PARAMETERS
CINIT VOICE J
I
(PRESET SEARCH}
BACKUP VOICE
BUFFER
EDIT RECALL
VOICE EDIT BUFFER
(FM TONE GENERATOR)
192-VOICE PRESET MEMORY
NORMAL MODE GROUP
101 -424
TT
SHIFT MODE GROUP
101 ~424
3C
96-VOICE BANK MEMORY
BANK A. BANK B,
BANK C, BANK D
<>
DG
LOAD SINGLE
24 VOICE INTERNAL
MEMORY
1~24
DATA
CASSETTE
RECORDER
NOTE:
The voices in the PRESET memory are numbered as follows: each group of
96 voices—the NORMAL group and the SHIFT group—is further subdivided
into four groups of 24 voices each (101-124, 201-224, 301-324, and
401—424). Thus you have NORMAL group voices 101—424, and SHIFTgroup
voices 101—424.
*m
2. The INTERNAL
PLAY Mode
To access the 24-voice INTERNAL memory, enter the INTERNAL PLAY mode by
pressing the INTERNAL PLAY button. Next, select avoice from the INTERNAL
memory by pressing the corresponding voice selector button (1—24). At this point,
the LCD display will indicate the voice number and voice name. These are preceded
by a"?," indicating that the INTERNAL PLAY mode has been selected.
P1Ivory Ebony

3. The BANK PLAY
Mode
In this mode, you can play any of the voices currently in the DXIOO's 24-voice
INTERNAL memory individually.
The BANK PLAY mode enables you to access the 96 BANK memory locations.
These initially contain the first group of 96 voices from the 192-voice PRESET
ROM. By using the SHIFT mode, however, you can also access the second group
of presets while in the BANK PLAY mode. Later, you can store any voices you like
in any order in any of the BANKS.
While in the INTERNAL PLAY mode, press any of the BANK buttons; BANK
A—BANK D. This will select the appropriate BANK, and the 24 voices in that bank
can be selected by pressing any of the DXIOO's 24 voice buttons.
I
The SHIFT Mode
By entering the DX100 SHIFT mode while in BANK PLAY, the correspondingly
numbered voice from the second (SHIFT) group of preset voices will be selected.
Note that in the BANK PLAY mode this only applies to voices which have been
stored in the BANK memory from the 192-voice PRESET memory. Voices stored
in the BAN Kfrom the 24-voice INTE RNAL memory will not change when the SH IFT
mode is selected.
To enter the SHIFT mode, hold down the INTERNAL PLAY button and press the
+1button. To return to the NORMAL mode hold down the INTERNAL PLAY button
and press the -1 button.
SHIFT mode
NORMAL mode

4. The 192-Voice
PRESET Memory
The DX100 comes with 192 different pre-programmed voices in an internal ROM
(Read Only Memory). These voices can be loaded individually into the DXIOO's
selectable 24-voice INTERNAL memory, or into any location in the DX100 BANK
memory.
THE 192 PRESET
NORMAL MODE ROM VOICES
VOICES
^'^Jf^W&Jk ,«• Group 2.. .
'•.-' Group 3
^
oroiife *':":-. pr
•§' IvoryEbony of Solid Bass ^Easy Synth or Glocken
lUf Uprt piano 02 SyntheBass 02 Easy Clav Ui 02 Hamarimba
03 HonkeyTonk o03 Mono Bass to 03 >>WOW<< a. 03 SteelDrums o
04 Elec Grand 04 Elec Bass co 04. Metal Keys o04 Tube Bells o
cE
_
05
08
Pianobells
Acous Elec
Q_ 05 Fretless ;:osfe
0$
PickPluck
SHSynth
O05
06
Templegong
Good Vibes
06
07
Horns
Flugelhorn to
*m OldElectro ''#:. Heavysynth 07 Racing Car
08 NewElectro 06 Hard Brass Cf)
ro 06 Harmosolo 08 Helicopter
09 High Tines Q_ 09 Power Brass CD 09 Feed Lead >-
CO 09 Alarm Call
10 Wood Piano
Vibrabelle
LU 10 BClTrumpet 10 Mono Lead
Lyrisyn
T3
ra
CD
10
HDopplar FX
Storm Wind
HStrings
,0&: Pianobrass
13
Silk Cello
Orchestra «
;;!£ Schmooh _..._ 12
13
Birds
Hole in 1
to
o
CD
"M. Jazz Organ 13, Claranette
14 Ham<n>Eggs t4 SoloViolin .E 14 Pan Floot o14 <<Smash>> LU
mClub Organ c15 Box Cello co 15 Lead Reed 3
o15 FM SQUARE
-if,; <6 Tease> 616 Richstring 16 Mono Sax <16 FM PULSE
17 GentlePipe
Full Ranks
W.:: 5th String 17
19
Flutewood
<BC1> Sax
BC1 Hrmnca
T3
CO
CD
_f
17
18
i9
FMSAWTOOTH
\LFO NOISE
PINK NOISE
18
19
20
Harpsi low
Harpsi Hi
Fuzz Clav Q
CO
2d
Plukguitar
Soft Harp .E 20 Timpani -20 Windbells
'
:
:tt. Jazz Gmt co 21 Clear Clav 21 Xylosnare c
o21 -Synvox </i
22
23
Old Banjo
Kotokoto
-o
O
3
Squeezebox
Celeste 622 23
Synballs
Clockwerks
in
o22
23
iWhistling
Voices
24 Folk Guit Q_ -2*: Circustime :
c:M HeiferBell £L 24 Mars to ??
SHIFT MODE VOICES
Group 1Croup 2t$ioop 3"
'
6roup4 :'
0( Piano 101 Clickorgan ro Of Rich Strg 1,01 Snare Bass
02
03
Piano 2
Piano 3
W': Drawbars 602
03
Rich Strg 2
Rich Strg 3
CD
C02
03
SnareDrum 1
SnareDrum 2
c
o
en
;03K; Guitar 2
04
05
Piano Vel
Honkeyton 2
o
cFuzz Guit
Brt Guitar
c
ro
04 Pizzicato 04
05
Tom Toms
SteelDrum 2
3
O
CL
05 Harpsicrd 1
06
07
Deep Grand
PhaseGrand —Zither
Harp 1
Lute
d
CD
o
06
07
08
Harpsicrd 2
Clav 1
Clav 2
06 Synth Perc
07
08
Xylophone 1
Xylophone 2
08 Left Hand
09
to
Elec Grnd 2
EGrnd Vel
:{$> Sitar 09
10
Mute Clav 1
Mute Clav 2
O
CO 09
10
Marimba
Mamarimba o
r-w\ SynthBass 1
11 EPiano 1:M\- SynthBass 2II LeadSynth 1x: U. Glocken 23
12 EPiano 2Q_ W-:^ Pluck Bass C/J 12 Cheeky U12 Vibe S3
CL
13 EPiano 3LU :Mi Flap Bass CO 13 RubberBand 13 TublarBell
14 EPString
Hard Tines
PercoPiano
;-:t*;:-- Uprt Bass 14 Hollowlead
Huff Talk
14 BellsBells
;;i6;
;
;
Brass 1
Brass 2
Brass 3
IS
16
1?
Wild War !!
YS 11
Wave
17
Harmonica 1
Harmonica 2
(7 Organ 1
:it: Organ 2:
;iS::; Brass d18 Horn u18 Winds
;:t*:
:Elec organ :
--.i"Si:
:
-Brass 5CQ 19 Flute 13
O19 Shogakko t3
20 16 842FC
TO 20 Brass 620 Flute 2<20 Fantasy LU
Theater
Small Pipe 6^l;--] Brass 721
22
Oboe
Trombone
TO
CD
_J
21
22
SpaceChime
Ghosties
22 Strings 1U)
'tz: Mid Pipe 23 Strings 2C23 BC1 Horns 23 Space Talk
24 Big Pipe mStrings 3CO 24 Bassoon 24 Zing Plop
The PRESET voice can also be accessed directly and played using the PRESET
SEARCH function. n