Yanmar ACHILLES A18SE User guide

VERSION 07092023
POWER BY
A18SE CRAWLER
EXCAVATOROWNER’S
HANDBOOK

NOTE
PAGE

LIST OF ABBREVIATION
Abbreviations
Description
API
American Petroleum Institute
ASTM
American Society for Testing and Materials, USA
CECE
Committee for European Construction Machinery
DIN
German Institute for Standards, Federal Republic of
Germany
EN
European S t a nd ar d
FOPS
Falling Object Protection System
Front
“Front” means the front view towards the boom and
dozer
Hi
High speed
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
JIS
Japanese Industrial Standard
L
Volume (Liter)
Lo
Low speed
L/min
Liter per minute
MIL
Military Standards
ROPS
Roll-over Protective Structures
rpm
Revolutions Per minute
SAE
Society of Automotive Engineering
Achilles A18/A18S/A20SE
English (Australia)
AQ . B . 7 - 7 . 2 . AK

The instruments and operation elements have been marked with a series of symbols in order
to simplify the operation of your excavator. These symbols are listed below with the respective
descriptions.
3
Safety alert Symbol
T
Warning lamp “Fuel level too low”
System lamp
l
Warning lamp “Engine Oil pressure”
g
Warning lamp “Battery charge”
Warning lamp “Auto Idle (AI) Lamp”
Indicator lamp “Glow”
7
Working light switch
5
Horn
Z
Wiper/Washer switch
R
Diesel
E
Hydraulic fluid
W Gear oil
Grease
j
Fast
k
Slow
Excavator - Overhead movement toward
the front
Excavator - Overhead movement toward
the rear
æ
Boom up
…
Boom down
≥
Arm up
o
Arm crowd
‘
Bucket crowd
“Bucket
dump
”
Boom swing (left)
’
Boom swing (Right)
Dozer raise
Dozer lower
Operation direction of control lever
Operation direction of control lever
V
Read operator’s manual
c
Engine stop control lamp
Lock
Unlock
Reducing / Increasing track width
GENERAL SYMBOLS

FOREWORD
ACHILLES MACHINERY AUSTRALIA
In this Operating Manual, the operation, repair, lubrication, maintenance,
adjustment and troubleshooting of A18 hydraulic excavator are introduced so as to
provide its operators with basic knowledge for efficient, economical and proper
operating of the excavator.
Before operating the excavator, operators must read this Manual carefully and
completely so as to guarantee correct and standardized operation. This manual will
offer you step-by-step guidance on everyday safety routines.
The Manual only provides you with basic knowledge, operators, however, have to
enhance their skills and proficiency and become familiar with the performance of
the excavator through practice and experience. It is of utmost importance that
every care is taken to ensure safety.
In this Manual, matters concerning techniques by “*”.
We are working hard to improve our products, and increase their efficiency by
continually improvement. Therefore, illustration may include optional equipment.
ACHILLES MACHINERY AUSTRALIA products and specifications are subject to
improvements and changes without notice.
Please keep this Manual within easy access in the cab for convenience of use.

3 SAFETY FIRST
This symbol, the industry’s “Safety Alert Symbol”, is used throughout
this manual and on labels on the machine itself to warn of the
possibility of personal injury. Read these instructions carefully. It is
essential that you read the instructions and safety regulations before
you attempt to assemble or use this unit.
DANGER : Indicates an imminently hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.
WARNING : Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which,
if not avoided, could result in death or serious
injury.
CAUTION : Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which,
if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate
injury.
IMPORTANT : Indicates that equipment or property damage
could result if instructions are not followed.
NOTE : Gives helpful information.
3
3
3

3
SAFE OPERATION ................ 1
DEALER SERVICE ................... 13
TECHNICAL DATA .................. 14
DESCRIPTION OF
MACHINE PARTS.................. 15
INSTRUMENT PANEL AND
CONTROL ELEMENTS .......... 16
BEFORE START ..................... 18
DAILY CHECKS ................... 18
TILTINGTHE SEAT ............... 18
OPENING AND
CLOSING OF PARTS.......... 18
HANDLINGTHE SAFETY
DEVICES ......................21
OPERATION OF THE ENGINE ....... 22
STARTING THE ENGINE......... 22
STARTING THE ENGINE
UNDERCOLD CONDITIONS .. 27
STOPPINGTHE ENGINE ......... 27
STARTING WITH
AN AUXILIARY BATTERY .... 28
EXCAVATOR OPERATION .......... 29
CONTROL OBSERVATIONS
DURING OPERATION........29
RUNNING-IN OF
THE NEW EXCAVATOR ...... 29
STARTING .......................29
TWO PATTERN SELECTION
SYSTEM (TPSS)................ 31
OPERATION OFTHE BOOM .... 32
OPERATION OFTHE ARM ....... 32
OPERATION OF BUCKET........ 33
SWIVEL (UNIT SWING)
OPERATION .................. 33
BOOM SWING OPERATION .... 34
BOOM SWING PEDAL .......... 34
OPERATION OF
TRACK WIDTH CHANGE
AND DOZER.................. 35
SERVICE PORT OPERATION .... 37
DRIVING........................... 37
TURNS........................... 39
UP AND DOWNHILL
TRAVELLING .................. 41
PARKING ON A SLOPE .......... 41
IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON
EXCAVATOR OPERATION .... 42
TRANSPORTING THE EXCAVATOR
ON ATRUCK....................... 43
LIFTING OF THE EXCAVATOR ....... 45
MAINTENANCE ..................... 47
MAINTENANCE INTERVALS.... 47
DAILY CHECKS ................... 49
REGULAR CHECKS AND
MAINTENANCE WORK ........... 54
EVERY 50 SERVICE HOURS ..... 54
EVERY 200 SERVICE HOURS ... 56
CONTENTS
Care and Maintenance
Operating Instructions

EVERY 250 SERVICE HOURS ...56
EVERY 500 SERVICE HOURS ...59
EVERY 1000 SERVICE HOURS.. 62
EVERY 1000 SERVICE HOURS OR
ONCE AYEAR .................. 63
EVERY 2000 SERVICE HOURS ... 63
ANNUAL SERVICING............64
BIENNIAL SERVICING...........64
OTHER SERVICING .............. 65
OTHER ADJUSTMENTS AND
REPLACEMENTS ................ 66
PURGING OFTHE FUEL
SYSTEM ..................... 66
ADJUSTMENT OFTRACKS .....66
EXCHANGE OF BUCKET TEETH
AND SIDE CUTTERS
[JPN BUCKET VERSION] ..... 68
FUSES ......................... 70
TROUBLESHOOTING ............... 71
OPERATION UNDER COLD
WEATHER CONDITIONS ........... 75
PREPARATION FOR OPERATION
IN COLD WEATHER ........... 75
PROCEDURE AFTER
DONE WORK .................. 75
LONG STORAGE .................... 76
RECOMMENDED OILS ............. 78
MAIN DIMENSIONS................. 79
LIFTING CAPACITY ................. 80

1
The best insurance against accidents is to
abide by the safety regulations.
Read and understand this section carefully,
before operating the excavator.
Every user, however experienced, should
carefully read and understand this section
and those of the attachments and accessories
before taking the excavator into operation.
The owner is obliged to inform the operators
of these instruction in detail.
Keep this manual in the storage place. (See
"Keeping the Operator's Manual" in the
BEFORE START section.)
1. BEFORE OPERATION
1. Make yourself acquainted with the
excavator and be aware of its limits.
Read this operator’s manual carefully
before starting the excavator.
2. Obey the danger, warning and caution
labels on the machine.
3. For your safety, ROPS/FOPS (Roll-Over
Protective Structures, Falling Objects
Protective Structures.) with a seat belt
is installed by ACHILLES. Always use the
seat belt when the machine is equipped
with a ROPS/FOPS.
If ROPS is loosened or removed for any
reason, make certain all parts are
reinstalled correctly. Tighten mounting
bolts to proper torque. Do not use the
seat belt if there is no ROPS.
Do not modify structural members of
ROPS by welding, drilling, bending,
grinding or cutting, as this may weaken
the structure. If any component is
damaged, replace it. Do not attempt
repairs.
4. The seat belt must be inspected regularly
and replaced if frayed or damaged.
(1) Seat belt
3 SAFE OPERATION

2
6. Track can be set at the narrow width.
(1120mm) and the standard width.
(1280mm).
(for details see “OPERATION OF TRACK
WIDTH CHANGE AND DOZER”)
Do not operate in narrow track width
39in. (1120mm), it makes risk of the
excavator tipping over, operate always
in standard track width 49in. (1280mm),
except to pass through narrow space on
a even ground.
7. Do not use the excavator under the
influence of alcohol, medication as well
as other substances. Fatigue is also
dangerous.
8. Check the surroundings carefully before
using the excavator or when attachments
are being attached.
Pay attention to the overhead clearance
with electric wires.
Check for pipes and buried cables.
Check for hidden holes, hindrances, soft
underground and overhangs.
During excavator use do not allow any
persons within the working range.
9. Do not allow other persons to use
the machine before having informed
him on the exact operation and work
instructions, and be assured that the
operator’s manual has been read and
understood.
10. Do not wear baggy, torn or too large
clothing when working with the
excavator. Clothing can get caught in
rotating parts or control elements which
can cause accidents or injuries. Wear
adequate safety clothing, e.g. safety
helmet, safety shoes, eye protection,
ear protection, working gloves, etc., as
necessary and as prescribed by law or
statutes.
(1) Helmet
(2) Clothing fit for work
(3) Tight seams
(4) Good grip shoe wear
(5) Well-fitting cuffs
(6) Working gloves
(7) Straw hat
(8) Towel
(9) Baggy trousers
(10) Loose cuffs of the shirt
(11) Baggy shirt
(12) Rubber sandals

3
11. Do not allow passengers to get on any
part of the excavator seat throughout
operation.
12. Check mechanical parts for correct
adjustments and wear. Exchange worn
or damaged parts immediately.
13. Keep your excavator clean. Heavy
soiling, grease, dust and grass can
inflame and cause accidents or injuries.
14. Use only ACHILLES
authorized attachments.
15. Before starting the excavator, be
absolutely sure that the excavator has
been filled with fuel, lubricated, greased
and undergone other maintenance
work.
16. Do not modify the excavator, otherwise
it could lead to unforeseen safety
problems.
17. Make sure attachments, particularly
those utilizing quick attach systems, are
securely mounted.
2. STARTING OF THE EXCAVATOR
1. Get into and out of the machine safely.
Always face the machine. Always use
handrails and available steps and keep
yourself well balanced. Do not hold any
of the control Levers and switches. Do
not jump on or off the machine, whether
stationary or in motion.
2. Start and control the excavator only from
the operator’s seat. The driver should
not lean out of his seat when the engine
is running.
3. Before starting the engine, make sure
that all control levers (including auxiliary
control levers) are in their neutral
positions.
4. Do not start the engine by jumping
the starter connections. Do not try to
circumvent using the starter switch,
otherwise the engine could start suddenly
and the excavator could move.
5. Make sure that the dozer is on the front
side. (The dozer must be raised.) If the
levers are activated with the dozer on the
rear end, the driving direction is in the
opposite direction of the drive levers.

4
6. Do not run the engine in closed or badly
ventilated rooms. Carbon monoxide is
colorless, odorless and deadly.
7. Keep all safety equipment and covers
in place. Replace damaged or missing
safety device.
8. Precautions against tipping over. In order
to secure safe operation, keep away from
steep slopes and embankments. Do not
swing the bucket downwards. Lower the
dozer during digging. Keep the bucket as
low as possible while driving upwards.
Turn slowly on slopes (do not fast). Do
not keep the excavator near the edges
of trenches and banks, as the earth
can give away due to the weight of the
excavator.
9. Watch out at all times where the
excavator is being moved to. Keep an
eye out for hindrances.
10. Keep enough distance from trench and
bank edges.
 Safety for children
Tragedy can occur if the operator is not
alert to the presence of children. Children
generally are attached to machines and the
work they do.
1. Never assume that children will remain
where you last saw them.
2. Keep children out of the work area and
under the watchful eye of another
responsible adult.
3. Be alert and shut your machine down if
children enter the work area.
4. Never carry children on your machine.
There is no safe place for them to ride.
They may fall off and be run over or
interfere with your control of the
machine.
5. Never allow children to operate the
machine even under adult supervision.
6. Never allow children to play on the
machine or on the attachments.
7. Use extra caution when backing up. Look
behind and down to make sure the area
clear before moving.
8. When parking your machine, if at all
possible, park on a firm, flat and level
surface; if not, park across a slope. Lower
the bucket and dozer to the ground,
remove the key place the control lock
levers in the locked position from the
ignition before you leave.
3. AFTER OPERATION
Before leaving the machine,
Bring the excavator on a firm, flat and
level surface.
Lower the attachments and the dozer
blade on the ground.
Stop the engine.
Lock all control levers.
Remove the key.
(1) lock lever for control lever (A) “Lock”
(Left side) (B) “Unlock”

5
4. SAFE LOADING AND TRANSPORT
OF THE EXCAVATOR
1. Observe all regulations concerning the
transport of excavators on public roads.
2. Use adequately long and robust ramps
when loading on a truck. (For details
see “TRANSPORTING THE EXCAVATOR
ONATRUCK”)
3. Do not change the running direction and
to avoid a tipping over, do not try to
swing the attachment crosswise to the
loading ramps.
4. After loading of the excavator on a truck,
engage the swing lock pin.
Lower the attachment on the loading
plane and release the pressure from the
hydraulic system.
Block the tracks with blocks and wire
down the excavator. After loading the
excavator on a truck, tie down the
undercarriage of the excavator with a
strong steel wire on the truck.
( ”
5. Do not brake abruptly with the excavator
loaded. Mortal accidents could happen.
6. If the excavator is used to tow another
machine, the load must be smaller than
the strength of the hook.
7. Do not use hooks on the roof of canopy
for lifting the excavator.
Max. drawbar pull at
coupling hook
32.3 kN (3290 kg)
Max. vertical load at
coupling hook
2.7 kN (270 kg)
5. MAINTENANCE
Before doing maintenance work on the
excavator, place the machine on a firm, flat
and level surface, Iower the attachments on
the ground, stop the engine then remove
the key and release the cylinder pressure
by actuating the levers. When dismantling
hydraulic parts, make sure that the hydraulic
oil has cooled down sufficiently to avoid
burns.
Start maintenance work carefully, e.g.,
loosen screws slowly so that oil will not
squirt out.
1. Before doing work on the engine, the
exhaust system, the radiator and the
hydraulics, let the excavator cool down
sufficiently.
2. Turn off the engine at all times when
filling with fuel. Avoid spilling and over-
filling of fuel.
3. Smoking is prohibited while tanking and
handling the battery! Keep sparks and
fire away from the fuel tank and
battery. Flammable gases escape from
the battery, especially during charging.
4. Do not use or charge the refillable type
battery if the fluid level is below the
LOWER (lower limit level) mark.
Otherwise, the battery component parts
may prematurely deteriorate, which
may shorten the battery's service life
or cause an explosion. Check the fluid
level regularly and add distilled water as
required so that the fluid level is between
the UPPER and LOWER levels.
5. Read and follow “STARTING WITH AN
AUXILIARY BATTERY” in “OPERATION
OF THE ENGINE”, when starting with an
auxiliary battery.

6
6. To avoid short-circuiting the battery,
always remove the earth cable first and
attach the plus cable first.
7. Keep a first-aid box and a fire extinguisher
at hand at all times.
8. Do not open the radiator cap before the
radiator has cooled down sufficiently.
First loosen the cap to the first stop and
allow the system enough time to release
the remaining pressure. Then loosen the
cap completely.
9. Leaking hydraulic fluid has enough
pressure to penetrate the skin and cause
serious injuries. Leakages from pin
holes can be totally invisible. Do not use
the bare hand for checking on possible
leakages. Always use a piece of wood or
cardboard. It is strongly recommended
to use a face mask or eye protection.
Should injuries occur with leaking
hydraulic fluid, contact a doctor
immediately. This fluid can cause
gangrene or serious allergic reactions.
10. To avoid leakage of battery acid which
contains heavy metals, do not throw the
battery away.
11. Observe all laws and regulations
concerning the disposal of used oil,
coolants, solvents, hydraulic fluids,
battery acids and batteries.
12. To avoid fire, do not heat the hydraulic
components (tanks, pipes, hoses,
cylinders) before they are drained and
washed.
13. Use a face mask or eye protection to
protect the eyes and respiratory system
against dust and other foreign particles.
14. Securely support excavator with stands
or suitable blocking before working
underneath. For your safety, do not
work under any hydraulically supported
devices. They can settle, suddenly leak
down, or be accidentally lowered.
15. Do not crawl under the excavator if the
excavator is only supported by the boom
and arm or the dozer. The excavator can
tip over or lower itself due to hydraulic
pressure loss. Always use safety struts
or other appropriate supports.
16. ACHILLES uses no parts which are lined
with asbestos. Do not use these kinds of
parts even if they can be installed.

7
6. DANGER, WARNING AND CAUTION LABELS

8
(1) Code No. RC418-5753-2 (2) Code No. RA228-5762-1
(3) Code No. RD517-5795-2
[Both sides]

9
(1) Code No. RC418-5728-4
(2) Code No. RC418-5727-4
(3) Code No. RD809-5736-1
(5) Code No. RA228-5751-2
(4) Code No. RD809-5738-2
1BAAAARAP1000

1
(1) Code No. RC108-5718-1 (2) Code No. RA228-5728-2
[Both sides]
(3) Code No. RD148-5736-1
Diesel fuel only No fire
(4) Code No. RA228-5776-1 (6) Code No. RC108-5796-1
[Both sides]
(5) Code No. 68328-5735-1 [Both sides] (7) Code No. RB419-5796-2
[Both sides]

11
(1) Code No. RB238-5737-1 (2) Code No. RC418-5737-2
(3) Code No. TC030-4958-1
(4) Code No. RC108-5754-1
1BAAAAQAP0860
7. CARE OF DANGER, WARNING AND CAUTION LABELS
(1) Keep danger, warning and caution labels, clean and free from obstructing material.
(2) Clean danger, warning and caution labels with soap and water, dry with a soft cloth.
(3) Replace damaged or missing danger, warning and caution labels with new labels from your
ACHILLES dealer.
(4) If a component with danger, warning and caution label (s) affixed is replaced with new
part, make sure new label (s) is (are) attached in the same location (s) as the replaced
component.
(5) Mount new danger, warning and caution labels by applying on a clean dry surface and
pressing any bubbles to outside edge.