YUSHI PM-5 Series User manual

Color Waveform
Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge
PM-5 Series
Operating Manual
YUSHI INSTRUMENTS
Content
1. General Information of the Gauge .....................................................1
1.1 Construction of the Gauge ....................................................... 2
1.2 Standard Configuration .............................................................3
1.3 Optional Configurations ............................................................3
1.4 Specifications ............................................................................3
1.5 Main Functions ......................................................................... 4
2. Keyboard Functions ........................................................................... 6
3. Measuring Thickness ......................................................................... 7
3.1 Instrument Calibration .............................................................. 7
3.1.1 One Point Calibration .....................................................7
3.1.2 Velocity Adjusting Steps .................................................8
3.2 Parameter Configuration Interface ........................................ 9
3.3 Normal Mode .......................................................................... 12
3.4 A-Scan Interface Mode ...........................................................14
3.5 Example Explanation of A-SCAN ...........................................17
3.6 Operation of B-Scan Interface ................................................19
3.6.1 B-Scan Display .............................................................19
3.6.2 Introduction of B-Scan ................................................. 19
3.7 Dual-Echo (Thru-Thin Coating) Mode ....................................20
3.7.1 A-scan Interface In Dual-Echo Mode ...........................20
3.8 Interface wave-Echo Mode .....................................................21
3.9 Multiple-wave check method(High Precision Mode) ............. 21
3.9.1 Illustration of Multiple-wave check mode .....................21
3.10 AUTO Mode .......................................................................... 22
4.Date Storage Function ......................................................................22
4.1Thickness Value and Waveform Storage ................................23
4.2 Browsing the Storage Data .................................................... 23
5.Measurement Apply Skills .................................................................24
5.1 Measuring Error Prevention ................................................... 24
5.2 Measuring Methods ................................................................ 25
6. Care and Maintenance .....................................................................25
6.1 Power Source Inspection ....................................................... 25
6.2 Considerations ........................................................................25
6.3 Maintenance ........................................................................... 26
Sound Velocity Measurement Chart ....................................................27

1. General Information of the Gauge
PM-5 series High precision ultrasonic thickness gauge made by our
factory according to ultrasonic measuring principle, take advantage of
single delay probe, transmit the ultrasonic wave from one side of the
measured work-piece to the internal of the material, real-time measure
the digitized thickness, without cutting the object. It is a sub-miniature
measuring gauge. The features include fast response, non-destruction
and precise measuring. It adopts the Multiple-wave check method to
enhance the accuracy, makes the resolution reach to 0.001mm, and the
lower limit as little as 0.2mm. In addition, A/B-scan waveform display is
available by showing the echoes, which enables the more extensive
measure range, more precise result and very little measurement error
and finally makes the measuring processes more controllable.
This series of Instrument can be widely used to measure the thickness
of metal materials. Especially display its advantage for measuring the
thin piece and high precision measuring. What’s more, it can also be
used to measure ultra thin wall with paint layer like fire extinguisher
through the thin coating layer and paint layer.
1.1 Construction of the Gauge
1.1 Instrument Illustration
1 2

1.2 Standard Configuration
1.3 Optional Configurations
1.4 Specifications
Display Type
2.4 inch color 320*240 dot matrix LCD
screen
Operating
Principle
Adopts ultrasonic measuring principle with
single delay probe
Measuring Range
0.2mm to 27mm(0.007874" to1.0629921")
Error
±0.01 H≤3mm ，±0.05 3＜H＜10mm
±(0.5%H+0.01) H≥10mm
“H” is the thickness of the tested material
Measuring
Resolution
Selectable 0.001mm, 0.01mm or 0.1mm
(selectable 0.0001, 0.001", 0.01")
Units
Inch or Millimeter
Display Mode
Normal, Minimum / Maximum capture,
DIFF/RR%, A-Scan, B-Scan
V-Path Correction
Automatic
Update Rate
Selectable 4Hz, 8Hz, 16Hz per second
Material Velocity
Range
500-9999m/s，0.0179-0.3937in/u
Languages
Chinese, English, French, Germany,
Japanese,Multiple languages available
Alarm Settings
Minimum and Maximum alarms. Dynamic
waveform color change on alarm
Power
Requirements
2 AA size batteries
Operating Time
Greater than 35 hours
Instrument
Shut-off
Selectable ALWAYS ON or AUTO OFF after
5, 10, 20 minutes of inactivity
Operating
Temperature
-10°C to +50°C (+10°F to +120°F); -20°C
for special requirements
Size
153mm × 76mm ×37mm(H ×W ×D)
Weight
280g including batteries
Warranty
One year
1.5 Main Functions
1.Unique Multiple-wave check method, make use of multiple
consecutive echos to verify. Meanwhile accomplish measuring of thin
piece and high precision.
2.Unique AUTO measuring mode, can be selected automatically
available upon the request of the thickness of the work piece, easy and
simple to operate.
3.Parameter configuration interface is simple and easy to operate.
4.Adjustable Live A-scan waveform display, control of Gain, Blanking,
Gate, Range and Delay etc.
NAME
NUMBER
THICKNESS GAUGE
1
PROBE
1
ALKALINE BATTERY
2
COUPLANT
1
CARRYING CASE
1
OPERATING MANUAL
1
USB CABLE
1（PM-5DL）
SOFTWARE CD
1（PM-5DL）
RUBBER SHEATH
1
PROBE CABLE
PROBE
RUBBER SHEATH
STEPPED CALIBERATION BLOCK
3 4

5.Time-based B-scan function, displays a cross section of the test piece,
for observing the underside outline of the piece.
6.Numerical view, display thickness values with big digit.
7.Thickness alarm: programmable Hi-Low alarm set point with dynamic
change thickness value’s color.
8.Limit value mode: catching the minimum and maximum values when
measuring.
9.Difference mode: getting the difference between the actual value and
the normal value as well as the percentage of difference value and
normal value.
10.Selectable units of Millimeter and inch.
11.Optional resolution: X.XXX mm, X.XX mm and X.X mm; X.XXXX
inch, X.XXX inch and X.XX inch.
12.Optional waveform style: outline mode or fill mode.
13.Optional rectification mode: RF+, RF-, full wave, half +, half -
14.Support adjustment of velocity and single-point calibration
15.Multi-languages Available: Chinese, English, German, French and
Japanese.
16.Approx. battery life: 35 hours.
17.Great capacity data storage function: Stores 100,000 thickness
values&1000 wave-forms.（only PM-5DL）
18.Connectable to the PC, and derive data from the Instrument.（only
PM-5DL）
19.Measure the net thickness of the workpiece through the coating.
2. Keyboard Functions
There are 9 keys on the keyboard totally, including 3 virtual function
keys ( ), four direction keys ( ), two
specialized function keys ( ). See the following illustration:
2.1 Keyboard Fuctionillustration
5 6

3. Measuring Thickness
3.1 Instrument Calibration
Before using PM-5 series, set the sound velocity of the material to be
measured, without calibrating the instrument and probe, the thickness
of the work-piece can be measured directly.When the sound velocity of
the material to be measured is unknown, calibration can be selected to
find out the sound velocity of the material to be measured, which is very
important.The calibration function is divided into two types:
One-point calibration: use the same velocity and curvature of standard
test block as the material being tested to calibration.
Manual setting the velocity: for the known velocity of the material, e.g.
The velocity of the steel is 5900/s, then input the velocity manual.
3.1.1 One Point Calibration
When the sound velocity of the material to be measured is unknown,
sound velocity measurement must be made before measuring the
thickness.
①Prepare a test block with the same composition as the object to be
measured, and its surface must be suitable for measurement.
②Measure the thickness of the test block with a vernier caliper.
③Coat the couplant on the surface of the test block.
④Refer to Figure 3.1 for the measurement process
3.1 One point Calibration Steps
3.1.2 Velocity Adjusting Steps
When the sound velocity of the material to be measured is known, the
value of sound velocity can be adjusted manually before measurement,
The method is as follows (Figure 3.2)
3.2 Specification Adjusting Steps
7 8

3.2 PRESET OTHER SPECIFICATIONS
Press MODE to enter the specification configuration interface, which
including many specification adjusting options like FILE NUMBER,
MEASURING MODE, VIEW MODE, PROBE SETUP, MINIMUM
ALARM, MAXIMUM ALARM, NORMAL THICKNESS, THE MINIMUM
OF B SCAN, THE MAXIMUM OF B SCAN, RECTIFICATION,
RECTIFICATION WAVEFORM, RESOLUTION, UPDATE RATE,
LANGUAGE, UNITS, AUTO POWER DOWN, ERASE ALL FILES AND
DEFAULT SETUP. See the following figure:
3.3 Specification Adjusting Steps
FILE NUMBER –Select the current file. Total 400 files and each file
could save 252 thickness values or wave-forms.
PROBE SETUP: D15X (means single crystal delay probe)
MEASURING MODE:
The Thickness Gauge has 4 measurement modes:
I-E: interface wave- Echo, measurement range 2mm-27mm;
E-E: Echo-Echo, measurement range 0.2mm-15mm;
ME-E: Multiple-wave check method, measurement range is
0.2mm-10mm. According to 3(Min. times) to 9Max.times) times echos
every time when measuring, the more measuring times, the higher
precision will get. Furthermore the reading values are all through
checkout, to make sure the results are accurate.
AUTO: Automatic mode, measurement range is from 0.2mm-27mm. On
the basis of thickness, it selects the measuring model automatically.
When H≤10mm, it adopts ME-E measuring mode; when
0.2mm<H≤5mm, it adopts E-E measuring mode; and when H>2mm, it
adopts P-E mode. Under this mode, the user only needs to adjust the
Gain. It is easy to operate, we recommend the common users to adopt
this mode. H is the thickness of the material to be measured.
VIEW MODE: normal mode, difference mode and limit scanning mode.
MINIMUM ALARM: Set the minimum thickness alarm value, range of
0.15-635mm. The result will be displayed in red if the actual thickness is
less than the minimum value preset.
MAXIMUM ALARM: Set the maximum thickness alarm value, range of
0.15-635mm. The result will be displayed in red if the actual thickness is
more than the maximum value preset.
NORMAL THICKNESS: Set the normal thickness, range of
0.15-635mm. The real concrete application will be introduced in the
difference mode.
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MINIMUM OF B SCAN: Set the minimum thickness of the B scan.
MAXIMUM OF B SCAN: Set the maximum thickness of the B scan.
RECTIFICATION MODE: RF+ and half +. RF+ describes the complete
echo waveform; half + means putting off the half –echo and only left
the half + echo.
3.4 Half-Wave Filling
RECTIFICATION WAVEFORM: outline mode and filled mode.
RESOLUTION: Set the decimal digits of the measurement result. Metric
of X.X, X.XX and X.XXX; imperial of X.XX,，X.XXX and X.XXXX.
UPDATE RATE: Update the rate of measurement result. Optional 4Hz,
8 Hz and 16Hz.
LANGUAGE: Set the interface language.
UINTS: Selectable units of mm/inch.
AUTO POWER DOWN: The device will be automatic power off if no key
presses or measurements occur for set 5 minutes, 10 minutes or 20
minutes.
DELETE ALL FILES –Empty the thickness readings and waveforms
of all files.
DEFAULT SET UP –Set all parameters to their factory default values.
3.3 Normal Mode
PM-5 series have three measuring interface: normal mode, A-scan
interface, B-scan interface. And there are three display modes of normal
interface: Thickness value mode, Difference/rate-of-reduction
measurement mode, MAX. /MIN. measurement mode. Select in the
“VIEW MODE”of CONFIGURATION.
When the probe and the object are not completely coupled, the letters in
the various interfaces are in GREEN, when properly coupled, they are
displayed in WHITE color and when the either the upper or lower limited
are exceeded, the letters are displayed in RED color.
THICKNESS VALUE MODE: the acquiescent opening interface. This
interface mainly shows the present thickness value with large digits.
3.5 Normal Mode Interface
1—the present thickness value 2—probe types, gain degree, Pulse
Echo measuring mode, measuring units 3—material velocity 4—
battery power display 5—A-scan interface
DIFFERENCE/RATE-OF-REDUCTION MODE: this interface displays
the currently measured and a nominal thickness input by user, the
difference between the currently measured thickness and the nominal
thickness and the ratio between the difference and the nominal
thickness. Before using this mode, presetting the nominal thickness is
needed.
11 12

3.6 Difference Mode Interface
1—material velocity 2—the nominal value 3—respectively are
battery power, probe type, degree of gain, Pulse Echo measuring mode
and measuring unit 4—A—scan interface 5—the ratio between
the difference and the nominal value 6—the difference between the
nominal value and the currently measured 7—the currently
measured thickness value 8—file number
MAX. /MIN. MEASUREMENT MODE: This mode allows the user to
catch the real-time maximum and minimum thicknesses when test the
thickness of material continuously. It shows the minimum and maximum
values during the tests as well as the currently thickness. Press the
RESET relevant to get the limits when measuring the thickness.
3.7 Limits Value Mode Interface
3.7 Limits Value Mode Interface
1—material velocity 2—the minimum value 3—respectively are
battery power, probe type, degree of gain, Pulse Echo measuring mode
and measuring unit 4—A-scan interface 5—reset 6—the current
thickness value battery power 7—the maximum value
8—file number
3.4 A-Scan Interface Mode
In this mode, users could view the current thickness value and the
A-scan waveform at the same time. The right side of the interface is the
specification adjusting area, in which the specifications can be adjusted
and finally solve various difficult and complicated thickness measuring
applications to the capacity. The detailed introduction is shown in
chapter.
3.8 A-Scan Mode Interface
1—material velocity 2—gain 3—waveform display area
4--gate 5--the blank confines 6--the beginning coordinate on the scr
een 7—B-Scan mode 8—specification choosing
9--battery power 10—the selected specification
11--the specification adjusting area 12--the present thickness value
13--measuring point (the first point of intersection between the wavefor
m and the gate)
13 14
13 14

Attention: when the probe and the object are not complete coupled,
the letters in the various interfaces are in GREEN, while if they coupled
well, in WHITE color and when the either the upper or lower limited are
exceed, the letters are displayed in RED color.
In the A-scan interface, press the bottom right button NEXT to
highlight the value to be adjusted. Then press the direction keys to
adjust the values. Up and down keys are used for small increments,
while left and right for large increments.
GAIN—adjust the sensitivity of the gauge with unit db. This function is
very useful for the testing of attenuation materials (like metal cast).
RANGE—adjust the range of waveform that the screen displays. The
waveform can be compressed or spread visually and it’s invisible if the
display range is set incorrectly and the echo waveform is beyond the
display area, however, the testing value can also be read correctly.
DELAY—Shown at the beginning point of the screen. The waveform will
move horizontally adjusting this value, and it’s invisible if the delay is
set incorrectly and the echo waveform is beyond the display area,
however, the testing value can also be read correctly.
BLANK—Hide the unnecessary and useless clutter in front of the main
waves. The red line on the bottom of the screen shows the blank
confines. The adjusting blank confines are the present range confines.
In the real testing, wrong measurement due to the material may exist,
such as near surface serious corrosion, AL material, inside defects,
uneven component, lamination structure and so on. While adjusting the
gain or gate can solve part of the problem, but only blank function can
avoid the mistake when those clutter echoes are higher than the bottom
echoes.
3.9 The Waveform without Blanking 3.10 Omit the Front Noise Waves by
Blanking
GATE—adjust the height of the gate. Only when the waveform is higher
than the gate, the gate can take the echo and show the value. Attention:
this will only show when the GATE specification is highlighted. The first
intersection point between the waveform and gate is pointed by a red
arrow, which can help judging whether the thickness value is correct
(the red arrow should point the front of the first bottom echo if correctly
tested).
3.11 Waveform of the thin plate
15 16

3.5 Real Class Analysis of A-SCAN
1. When measuring the thickness, it’s possible that that over small
gains prevent the precise results. As showed in the following figure, the
thickness of the testing object is about 5mm, but as for the over small
gain, the measuring result is 10.77mm as the first echo has not broken
the gate and the gate locates the second echo automatically. This is
obviously an incorrect result, and customer can pull up the echo by
enhancing the gain setting to make the first echo brake the gate and
finally pinpoint the correct measurement.
3.12 Real Case 1
2. There are some defects in the testing object, and the gate locks the
defect echoes. As showed in the following figure, the thickness of the
testing object is about 10mm, but as there are obvious defects (the
defect echoes are showed on the display) and the gate locks the defect
echoes which have broken the gate, thus, the testing result shown is the
thickness of the defect area. The right measurement can be realized by
adjusting the gate setting above the defect echoes.
3.13 Real Case 2
3. If there are some surface faults in the testing object and the gate
locks the defect echoes, the measuring result will be the thickness of
the defect area. In this condition, the customer can use the BLANK
function to get the correct testing result. As showed in the following
figure, the line on the bottom of the screen, which we use to shield the
defect echoes, indicates the blank confines and makes the gate not
catch the echoes within the blank confines, thus, the right thickness
value is acquired.
3.14 Real Case 3
17 18

3.6 Operation of B-Scan Interface
3.6.1 B-Scan Display
3.15 B-Scan Interface Diagram
1—Sound velocity 2—The minimum thickness range in B-scan 3—
B-scan image display 4—Enter the numerical measurement interface
5—type of probes 6 —gain value 7 —Erasing the current B-scan
images and measurements 8—Interface wave-echo mode 9—The
maximum thickness value in B-scan 10 —White pointer 11 —The
minimum thickness value on the B-Scan image 12 —Red triangle
(display the min. thickness value) 13 —The thickness value of the
pointer position 14—Saved file number
3.6.2 Introduction of B-Scan
PM-5 series thickness gauge has time-base B-scan function. Move the
probe along the work piece surface, then the cross-sectional profile of
the work piece display, use for observe the underside contour of the
work piece.
When remove the probe from work piece, it could be automatically
capture a minimum value of the B-scan image, and indicate the position
of the minimum by a red triangle. You can see any point thickness value
of the B-scan image by moving the pointer.
3.7 Dual-Echo (Thru-Thin Coating) Mode
For the thin protect coating and paint, the thickness measurement of the
underlying metal will lead significant error when using conventional
thickness gauge. PM-5DL can accurate measure the actual thickness of
the underlying metal with dual-echo measurement principle and without
having to remove the coatings or destroy the surface process. This
function is achieved by measuring the two consecutive bottom echo of
base material.
Press into parameter configuration interface, set the measurement
mode to dual-echo and press again back to thickness
measurement interface. And then user can measure the thickness
through coating.
3.7.1 A-scan Interface In Dual-Echo Mode
The menu options on the right side have changed of A-scan interface
under echo-echo mode, added E-blanking option, and canceled GATE
option. The blue strips area indicate the length of echo-blanking when
measuring, the waveform above the blue strips is invalid. See following
figure：
3.16 A-scan Interface in Dual-Echo Mode
1—Identification of dual-echo measurement mode 2 —Blue arrow
indicate the secondary echo 3—E-blanking 4—Blue line: the length
of echo-blanking 5—Red line: the length of initial-blanking 6—Red
arrow indicate the first echo
19 20

Blanking in the dual-echo mode:
1. Initial-blanking: red blanking line indicated on the screen, starting at
zero, so named initial blanking. Waveform with the scope of red strip is
invalid, for omitted the clutter between the starting point and the first
echo.
2. E-blanking (echo-blanking): blue blanking line indicated on the
screen, only appearance when successful measuring. Starting at the
first echo measurement point, so named echo-blanking. Waveform
within the scope of blue stripe is invalid, for omitted the clutter between
the first echo and secondary echo.
3.8 Interface wave-Echo Mode
Interface wave mode makes use of interface wave and echo to
measure the thickness of the work piece. This method has wide-range
of measuring, the upper limit can reach to 27mm.
3.9 Multiple-wave check method(High Precision Mode)
PM-5 series provides Multiple-wave check method, the measurement
range is 0.2mm-10mm. According to 3(Min. times) to 9Max.times) times
echos every time when measuring, the more measuring times, the
higher precision will get. Furthermore the reading values are all through
checkout, to make sure the results are accurate.We recommend to use
this mode when measuring super thin and high precision work piece.
3.9.1 Illustration of Multiple-wave check mode
3.17 Multiple-Wave Check Mode
1—Identification of multiple-wave mode 2 —red arrow indicates the
first echo that participates in verifying 3—blue arrow indicates the last
echo that participates in verifying 4 —M indicates the numbers the
participates in verifying
This picture shows A-scan snapshot wave of measuring the wall
thickness of fire extinguisher under Multiple-wave check mode. The wall
of the fire extinguisher is very thin and has paint coating as well, which
make it difficult to measure by using the normal thickness gauge.
Through using Multiple-wave check mode of PM-5DL, we can see from
the picture that there are 9 verifying waves to make sure the measuring
result accurate and stable.
3.10 AUTO Mode
The unique Auto mode of PM-5 series measurement range is from
0.2mm-27mm. On the basis of thickness, it selects the measuring
model automatically. When H≤10mm, it adopts ME-E measuring mode;
when 0.2mm<H<=15mm, it adopts I-E measuring mode; and when
H>2mm, it adopts P-E mode. Under this mode, the user only needs to
adjust the Gain. It is easy to operate, we recommend the common users
to adopt this mode. H is the thickness of the material to be measured
4.Date Storage Function（PM-5DL）
PM-5DL adopt the storage mode of micro-grid format, it can save one
hundred thousand thickness values and one thousand A/B-scan
wave-forms, waveform and thickness values can be mixed stored in the
same file. The measurement data files can be transferred from the
instrument to a PC via USB communication to generate EXCEL or TXT
format files. Using our powerful Data View software to statistical and
analyze measurement, report via connect printer.
21 22

4.1 Thickness Value and Waveform Storage
4.1 Grid Format Storage Mode
1—storage file number 2—line mark 3—row mark 4—data in
stored 5—back to the previous menu 6—save the current thickness
value or waveform 7—delete the selected data 8 - selected current
cell
Whether it is in the interface of thickness value, A-scan or B-scan, the
current measured thickness values will be stored for short press SAVE,
and the current waveform will be stored for long press SAVE. A-scan
waveform will be stored in the A-scan interface, and B-scan image will
be stored in the B-scan interface.
4.2 Browsing the Storage Data
Press to access the configuration display and select FILE
NUMBER, then press below OPEN, the file list with thickness
value will appear on the screen. Press or to select the
stored file you want to recall, then press to confirm.
5.Measurement Apply Skills
5.1 Measuring Error Prevention
1. MATERIAL INFLUENCE
In many materials like nonmetal or plastic, the change of velocity is
obvious, thus, the accuracy of measuring is influenced. If the material of
the object is not isotropic, the velocity varies in different directions. In
this condition, the preset velocity should be the average value among
the testing range, which can be acquired through testing a block with
the same velocity as the object average velocity value.
2. ULTRA-THIN MATERIAL
When the thickness of the testing object is below the minimum value of
the probe limit, the result may be incorrect, and the thickness can be
acquired by contracting the blocks when necessary.
When testing ultra-thin materials, sometimes DUAL-ECHO happens,
which is a kind of incorrect result and the result is twice of the real one.
Another incorrect result called PULSE ENVELOPE AND
CIRCULATORY JUMPING, which means that the testing result is higher
than the real one. In order to prevent this kind of error, when testing the
object with the appropriate thickness as the minimum limit and
judgment is available, customer should pay attention to the waveform
displayed and adjust the gain or use blank function.
3.Surface Cleaning Influence
Before measuring, all the dust, dirt and corrosion should be cleaned
and the cover like paint should be removed.
4. Roughness Influence
The extremely rough surface may arouse measuring error or even
reading lost, therefore, the surface of the material should be smooth
before measuring through polishing, filing, grinding or using
high-viscosity couplant.
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5.2 Measuring Methods
1. Single-point Measurement
Using the probe to measure a random point on the surface of the object,
the reading displayed is the thickness value.
2. Multiple-point Measurement
When the reading is unstable, measuring several times within a circle
with a certain point as center and 30mm as diameter, the thinnest
reading is the thickness value.
3. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT
Taking continuous measurements along a specified path at intervals of
5mm or less according to the single measurement method, the thinnest
reading is the thickness value.
6. Care and Maintenance
6.1 Power Source Inspection
When the instrument can not start up, it should be changed the battery
firstly.
The steps of changing batteries are as follow: 0
1.Turn off the gauge.
2. Loosen the screws on the back of the units and remove the battery
cover.
3. Take out the batteries and replaces with new ones. Pay careful
attention to polarity.
Attention: When not using the gauge for extended periods of time,
please remove batteries to prevent any leakage or corrosion.
6.2 Considerations
1. Please be cautious of the zero block’s getting rust as couplant will be
spread on the surface of it when calibrating the gauge. After using,
clean the zero block. Avoid dripping sweat on the gauge in high
temperature. Some grease spreading on the surface of zero block is
useful to avoid rusting if the gauge will be spared for long. Wipe the
grease out when reusing.
2. Be sure to avoid any caustic liquid such as alcohol or viscous fluids to
prevent corrosion to the cover and the display window, clean with water
only.
3. Avoid scratching the surface of the probe. A worn probe will cause
unstable readings.
6.3 Maintenance
Contact with the maintaining department of our company if the following
problems appears:
1. Components damage and the gauge fail to measure.
2. The display of the screen is disordered.
3. The measuring error is abnormally big in normal situation.
4. Keyboard operating is disordered or keyboard doesn’t work.
As the PM-5 series ultrasonic thickness gauge is high-tech product, the
maintaining work should be made by professional operator and please
avoid self-acting operations.
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Sound Velocity Measurement Chart
Material
Sound Velocity
Inch/µS
M/s
Aluminum
0.250
6300
Alumina Oxide
0.390
9900
Beryllium
0.510
12900
Boron Carbide
0.430
11000
Brass
0.170
4300
Cadmium
0.110
2800
Copper
0.180
4700
Glass(crown)
0.210
5300
Glycerin
0.075
1900
Gold
0.130
3200
Inconel
0.220
5700
Iron
0.230
5900
Iron (cast)
0.180
4600
Lead
0.085
2200
Magnesium
0.230
5800
Mercury
0.057
1400
Molybdenum
0.250
6300
Monel
0.210
5400
Neoprene
0.063
1600
Nickel
0.220
5600
Nylon, 6.6
0.100
2600
Oil (SAE 30)
0.067
1700
Platinum
0.130
3300
Plexiglass
0.110
1700
Polyethylene
0.070
1900
Polystyrene
0.0930
2400
Polyurethane
0.0700
1900
Quartz
0.230
5800
Rubber, Butyl
0.070
1800
Silver
0.140
3600
Steel, Mild
0.233
5900
Steel, Stainless
0.230
5800
Teflon
0.060
1400
Tin
0.130
3300
Titanium
0.240
6100
Tungsten
0.200
5200
Uranium
0.130
3400
Zinc
0.170
4200
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