Zeptonics ZeptoMux User manual

ZeptoMux user manual
Version 1.05
Support: zeptonics.com/support
© Zeptonics 2011-2012. "Zeptonics" and "ZeptoMux" are trademarks of Zeptonics Pty Ltd.

ZeptoMux user manual v1.05
Contents
Figures 3
About the ZeptoMux 4
Overview 4
About this manual 5
Safety and installation warnings 6
The ZeptoMux system 8
Package contents 8
Understanding the ZeptoMux 8
Connecting to the ZeptoMux 10
Accessing the ZeptoMux 11
Setting up the ZeptoMux 14
1. Installing the hardware 15
2. Configuring the IP address (optional) 16
3. Changing the default passwords (optional) 16
4. Connecting the ZeptoMux to the network 17
5. Registering the ZeptoMux 17
6. Updating the firmware 17
7. Assigning IP and MAC address filters to ports 18
Other common tasks 21
Changing the login password 21
Changing the privileged password 21
Checking the firmware version 22
Finding the ZeptoMux IP address 22
Saving startup-config 23
Updating the firmware 23
Viewing system time 23
Viewing statistics 24
Swapping a power supply module 26
Swapping a fan module 27
Troubleshooting 28
Appendix A: Commands 29
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Figures
Figure 1: The 24 ports of the ZeptoMux. Host port 1 is shared by up to 23 clients via
ports 2 to 24. Each port provides a 10 Gbps two-way connection. 4
Figure 2: An example of the access key printed on the Quickstart Guide. 8
Figure 3: Front panel of the ZeptoMux, and a diagram showing the single host
port (#1) and the 23 client ports (#2-24). 9
Figure 4: Back panel of the ZeptoMux. 10
Figure 5: Command-line interface. 11
Figure 6: Web interface login screen. 12
Figure 7: Main menu of the web interface. 12
Figure 8: Clip the rack-mounting nuts into the rack. 15
Figure 9: Sliding the ZeptoMux into a rack. 15
Figure 10: Plugging SFP+ modules into the ZeptoMux. 15
Figure 11: Updating the firmware through the web interface. 18
Figure 12: The Port Manager in the web interface when in unprivileged mode. 19
Figure 13: Assigning a filter to port 3 using the web interface (privileged mode). 20
Figure 14: Network Information. 22
Figure 15: The Statistics screen in the web interface. 25
Figure 16: Removing one of the Emerson power supply modules. 26
Figure 17: Removing one of the fan modules. 27
Figure 18: The Run Custom Command window. 29
Figure 19: The "Additional arguments" field that opens after selecting a command
(in this case, the "enable" command). 29
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About the ZeptoMux
Overview
The ZeptoMux is a 10GbE 23-to-1 multiplexing switch that operates with a fiber-
to-fiber latency (including SFP+ modules) of ~130ns.
The configuration of the 24 ports is shown in Figure 1. There are 23 client ports
that can communicate with a single host port (port 1), but not with each other
(i.e. there is no client-to-client connectivity).
In other words, the ZeptoMux provides n-to-1-to-n connectivity, rather than the
n-to-n connectivity of a traditional switch.
Figure 1: The 24 ports of the ZeptoMux. Host port 1 is shared by up to 23
clients via ports 2 to 24. Each port provides a 10 Gbps two-way
connection.
Optimised for trading
The ZeptoMux is a network device that is purpose-built for high-frequency
trading. It is a 10GbE layer 2 switch that has been stripped of non-essential
functionality and re-imagined as a multiplexer/demultiplexer.
Accepts all SFP+ modules
The ZeptoMux works with all brands of SFP+ module and is not tied to a
particular brand.
Protected ports and truer FIFO
The 23 downstream ports in the ZeptoMux are protected from each other and
are given fair, scheduled access to the upstream port. That means the packets
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are always FIFO ("first in, first out") – the packet that arrives at the ZeptoMux first
(to within 6.4ns) will be forwarded first.
Scalable
The ZeptoMux supports multi-tier switching, so you can connect hundreds of
client nodes to a common upstream service. For example, two tiers allows you
to connect up to 23x23 clients. With two tiers, the one-way latency is ~260ns and
the round-trip latency is ~520ns.
Other features
•Dedicated 10/100Mbps ethernet management port
•Industry-standard command-line interface (CLI)
•Linux- and AJAX-powered web GUI
•SNMP-compatible management, for integration with network management
and monitoring infrastructure
•Switch configuration, including per-port filtering
•Monitoring of internal switch activity, including per-port packet count, error
counts and block error rates
•Software updates via USB, TFTP, console or web interface
•Access to management interfaces via serial console and ethernet interfaces
•Monitoring of available SFP+ parameters, including SFP+ model information
and dynamic parameters such as received power, transmitted power and
temperature
•Hardware fan synchronisation to mitigate beat frequency noise
For more information about the ZeptoMux and Zeptonics, see
http://zeptonics.com/network-devices/zeptomux.html.
About this manual
This manual describes how to set up and use the ZeptoMux hardware and
software. The manual is for users and system administrators responsible for
installing and operating the ZeptoMux.
Conventions
This symbol indicates something important. Take care!
Describes the web interface for managing the ZeptoMux.
Describes the command-line interface for managing the ZeptoMux.
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Safety and installation warnings
Environment
Ambient temperature
Make sure the ambient temperature does not exceed the
maximum ambient temperature allowed for the ZeptoMux
(40ºC). If installed in a closed or multi-unit rack assembly, the
ambient temperature of the rack during operation will be
greater than room ambient.
Air flow
Install the ZeptoMux in the rack in a way that provides
sufficient air flow for safe operation.
Mechanical loading
Mount the ZeptoMux in the rack with a mechanical load that
is evenly distributed and not excessive.
Circuit overloading
Ensure that no overloading of the circuits occurs which might
affect overcurrent protection and supply wiring. The ratings
are provided on the unit.
Earthing
Ensure that the rack-mounted equipment is earthed reliably.
Consider using supply connections other than direct
connections to the branch circuit (e.g. use of power strips).
Power
Check that your ZeptoMux is rated to be used with the mains
power in your country.
Total ZeptoMux ratings:
•100-240V AC
•10.58-4.4A
•50-60Hz
Use only Emerson™ DS460S-3 power supply modules.
Before servicing
Disconnect the two power-supply cables before servicing.
Power cables
Ensure the ZeptoMux uses mains power cables approved in
the country of operation.
Clock battery
CAUTION: The ZeptoMux has a battery-powered
real-time clock circuit. There is a danger of explosion
if the battery is replaced incorrectly.
Replace only with the same or an equivalent type as
recommended by the manufacturer. Discard used batteries
according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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Laser safety
CAUTION: Each SFP+ module used in the ZeptoMux is
a CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT. Invisible laser radiation
may be emitted from the aperture of an SFP+
module when the fiber cables are disconnected.
Do not stare into the open aperture of an SFP+ module and
avoid exposure to laser radiation when a fiber cable is
disconnected from an SFP+ module.
Warranty void if
opened
Do not open the case of the ZeptoMux. The warranty
of the ZeptoMux will be void if the case is opened.
Tamper-proof seals on the case of the ZeptoMux will be
activated if the case is opened.
FCC compliance
This equipment has been tested and found to
comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses,
and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to
cause harmful interference in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.
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The ZeptoMux system
Package contents
Your ZeptoMux package should contain the following parts:
•1 x ZeptoMux
•4 x M6 rack-mounting nuts
•4 x M6 rack-mounting bolts
•4 x rack-mounting washers
•2 x IEC power leads
•1 x Quickstart Guide (a single A4 page)
•1 x access key (see Figure 2) printed on the Quickstart Guide
If any of these are missing, please contact us at zeptonics.com/support.
Figure 2: An example of the access key printed on the Quickstart Guide.
Understanding the ZeptoMux
The front panel of the ZeptoMux has 24 ports (shown in Figure 3 as item 1). Each
port accepts a 10Gbps SFP+ fiber optic transceiver module.
The host port (port 1) provides a 10 Gbps two-way connection which can be
shared by up to 23 clients via client ports 2-24. The ZeptoMux does not provide
any connections between ports 2 to 24. In other words, ports 2 to 24 can only
send and receive data to port 1.
To operate the ZeptoMux, there must be an SFP+ module in the host port (port 1)
and at least one SFP+ module in any one of client ports 2 to 24.
Each client port can be filtered. If a filter is assigned to a port, packets from the
host port are only transmitted to the client port if the destination address of the
packets is permitted by the filter pattern or if the destination address is a
broadcast or multicast address.
Each client port can also be independently configured to accept or reject
multicast packets received from port 1.
If a filter is not assigned to a client port, all packets from the host are transmitted
to that client.
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Front panel
Figure 3: Front panel of the ZeptoMux, and a diagram showing the single
host port (#1) and the 23 client ports (#2-24).
Figure 3 shows the front panel of the ZeptoMux. Items 1-9 are as follows:
1. Ports 1 to 24 for SFP+ modules. Port 1 is the host port. Ports 2-24 are client
ports.
2. Serial port
3. External timing reference port (not in use in initial release of ZeptoMux)
4. Fan-status LED indicator (green=OK, red=fan failure)
5. System-status LED indicator (green=OK, red= ZeptoMux system failure)
6. LED (not in use in initial release of ZeptoMux)
7. Power-supply LED indicator (green=OK, red=power-supply failure)
8. Ethernet port
9. USB port
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Back panel
Figure 4: Back panel of the ZeptoMux.
Figure 4 shows the back panel of the ZeptoMux. Items 1-10 are as follows:
1. Power supply #1
2. Power cable socket for power supply #1
3. Quick-release lever for power supply #1
4. Fan module #1
5. Release screws for fan module #1
6. Release screws for fan module #2
7. Fan module #2
8. Power supply #2
9. Power cable socket for power supply #2
10. Quick-release lever for power supply #2
Connecting to the ZeptoMux
For management, the ZeptoMux can be connected through the ethernet port
on the front panel (shown in Figure 3, item 8). The ZeptoMux can be managed
via a command-line interface or a web-based interface (http). In addition, it
can be connected directly to a PC using a serial connection for command line-
only access. The four ways to access the ZeptoMux are:
•Serial via the serial port (see Figure 3, item 2)
•Telnet via ethernet
•SSH via ethernet
•Web interface via ethernet
Serial connection
Parameters for the serial connection are: baud rate = 9600, 8N1, no flow control.
NOTE: ZeptoMux units with a serial number starting with ZMUX1-C-003 have a
default serial console baud rate of 38400.
ZeptoMux as DHCP client
By default, the ZeptoMux is configured as a DHCP client which falls back to the
static IP address (defaulted to 192.168.0.1) if the DHCP request times out after 60
seconds.
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The ZeptoMux will send its serial number (displayed on the side of the ZeptoMux)
as the name in the DHCP request. For setups where this name is automatically
passed to the DNS server, the ZeptoMux can be resolved by this serial number.
If you wish to specify an IP address for the ZeptoMux, which may be static, this is
explained in step 2 of Setting up the ZeptoMux.
Accessing the ZeptoMux
Commands are available to configure the ZeptoMux and view its operation. A
full list of commands is shown in Appendix A: Commands. You can enter these
commands either through a command-line interface or web interface using a
browser.
The ZeptoMux is accessed using its IP address. You will be asked to enter the
login user name and password. The password can be changed. The user name
is "admin" and cannot be changed.
In order to make changes to the configuration, such as assigning filters to
specific ports, the ZeptoMux must be put into a special mode called the
"privileged mode". This is described on page 13 under Privileged mode. To
change to privileged mode, you will need to enter the "privileged password"
(which is blank by default).
Web and command-line interfaces
All commands are available through the command-line interface. The web
interface does not currently support all commands.
The default username is "admin" and the default password is also "admin".
Command-line interface
Connect via serial or via ethernet using SSH or telnet. Enter the protocol and the
IP address as shown, then enter the login password.
Figure 5: Command-line interface.
SSH:
Serial:
Telnet:
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Web interface
1. Enter the IP address of the ZeptoMux in the browser URL field to display the
login screen (Figure 6). The IP address is discussed on page 10 under
ZeptoMux as DHCP client.
Figure 6: Web interface login screen.
2. Enter the default username ("admin") and default password ("admin"). You
will be taken to the web interface. The main menu is at the top of the
screen, next to the Zeptonics logo (see Figure 7).
Figure 7: Main menu of the web interface.
Main menu
Click here to toggle between
privileged and unprivileged modes
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The main menu of the web interface
Statistics – Displays statistics about the ZeptoMux operation. There is more
information about this on page 24 under Viewing statistics.
Port Manager – Activates ports.
Status – Lists current warnings and errors.
Network Information – Lists active management sessions.
Update – Allows the latest ZeptoMux firmware to be uploaded. There is more
information about this on page 17 under Updating the firmware.
Advanced – A graphical way of creating commands (an alternative to the
command-line interface). There is more information about this on page 29
under Appendix A: Commands.
Web browsers supported
The following web browsers will allow you to experience the full functionality of
the web interface:
•Google Chrome
•Safari
•Mozilla Firefox
•Opera
•Internet Explorer 9 and above
Internet Explorer 8 and below can be used, with reduced functionality.
Operating systems supported
The ZeptoMux does not require any software to be used on an external
computer. Therefore, the ZeptoMux is compatible with any operating system
that can connect via SSH, telnet or http.
Privileged mode
The ZeptoMux has two modes of operation: unprivileged for viewing, and
privileged when you want to make changes to the system.
The privileged mode requires the "privileged password". The default for this
password is blank (just press Enter).
There are three ways for you to change to privileged mode:
•In the web interface, click on the blue text directly below the main menu
that says Current Privilege: Unprivileged (see Figure 7). This will open a field
allowing you to enter the privileged password.
•In the web interface, go to the Advanced tab and run the "enable"
command (see Appendix A: Commands).
•On the command line, run the "enable" command (see Appendix A:
Commands).
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Setting up the ZeptoMux
1.
Installing the hardware
- Page 15
2.
Configuring the IP address (optional)
- Page 16
3.
Changing default passwords (optional)
- Page 16
4.
Connecting the ZeptoMux to the
network
- Page 17
5.
Registering the ZeptoMux
- Page 17
6.
Updating the firmware
- Page 17
7.
Assigning IP and MAC address filters to
ports
- Page 18
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1. Installing the hardware
To install the ZeptoMux in a rack:
1. Before installation, review the section Safety and installation warnings on
page 6.
2. Ensure that the installed fans and power supplies have airflow directions
matching the rest of the rack, and that there are no obstructions over the
rear inlets/outlets.
3. Plug power cables into the ZeptoMux and place the mains end in a
convenient location.
4. Clip the supplied rack-mounting nuts into the rack (Figure 8).
Figure 8: Clip the rack-mounting nuts into the rack.
5. Slide the ZeptoMux into the rack (Figure 9) and hold it level while you screw
in the supplied bolts. You may need two people due to the weight of the
ZeptoMux. Alternatively, remove the power supplies while installing to
reduce weight at the rear of the device.
Figure 9: Sliding the ZeptoMux into a rack.
6. Plug your SFP+ modules into the ports of the ZeptoMux (Figure 10). The host
port is port 1. To operate the ZeptoMux, there must be an SFP+ module in
port 1 and at least one SFP+ module in any one of ports 2 to 24. The
ZeptoMux shown in Figure 10 has SFP+ modules plugged into all 24 ports, but
you may use fewer modules if you wish.
Figure 10: Plugging SFP+ modules into the ZeptoMux.
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2. Configuring the IP address (optional)
By default, the ZeptoMux is configured as
a DHCP client which falls back to the static
IP address (defaulted to 192.168.0.1) if the
DHCP request times out after 60 seconds.
If this behaviour is not desired, the
procedure for setting the static IP address
is as follows:
1. Attach the supplied serial console cable to the ZeptoMux and to your PC.
You should see the serial-mode command line.
2. Enter the user name ("admin") and default password ("admin").
3. Enter "enable", to enable "privileged mode". The default password is blank
(just press Enter). There is more information about the privileged password in
the next section: Changing the default passwords (optional).
4. To assign an IP address of your choice, enter the command "set
management address static <ip address> [netmask] [gateway]".
Example: "set management address static 10.10.10.11".
You have now configured the ZeptoMux IP address and can connect the
device to the network, bypassing DHCP IP address allocation.
3. Changing the default passwords (optional)
There are two passwords that you may wish to
change:
a) Login password (default is "admin").
b) Privileged password (default is blank – just
press Enter).
To change these passwords:
1. On the command line, enter "enable".
2. When prompted for the privileged password, press Enter (the default).
3. To change the login password, enter the command "set password" and
follow the prompts.
4. To change the privileged password, enter the command "set enablepass"
and follow the prompts.
5. To make sure your new passwords are saved in the startup-config file, enter
the command "copy running-config startup-config". For more
information about this, see page 23: Saving startup-config.
NOTE: The user name cannot be changed and is always "admin".
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4. Connecting the ZeptoMux to the network
Insert a network cable into the ethernet
port on the front panel of the ZeptoMux
(see Figure 3, item 8).
5. Registering the ZeptoMux
To register the ZeptoMux, you will need
two things:
1. The access key(see Figure 2),
2. The device serial number,displayed
on the side of the ZeptoMux.
Visit the support site zeptonics.com/support to register your ZeptoMux. The
website will guide you through the registration process.
6. Updating the firmware
The latest version of the firmware will have
the latest bug fixes and performance
enhancements. To update the firmware:
1. Check whether your ZeptoMux has the
latest firmware update by logging into
your account at zeptonics.com/support.
2. If a newer version of the firmware is available, download the latest image
from zeptonics.com/support to either a server, USB flash drive or local
computer. Note: the update file is unique to each ZeptoMux unit and
cannot be used on any other ZeptoMux.
3. Follow the steps below to install the firmware using either the command-line
or web interface.
Either:
Command-line interface
1. Rename the update file to just contain the serial number for USB and TFTP
updates.
2. Enter "enable".
3. If updating via USB flash drive, take the USB containing the update and plug
it into the USB port of the ZeptoMux (see Figure 3, item 9). Enter "update".
If updating via TFTP, enter "update <X>", where <X> is the address of the TFTP
server.
If updating via a network location or http, enter "download <X>", where <X>
is the IP address of the file to download, then enter "update".
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4. The ZeptoMux will restart during the update process. The whole process
should only take about 1 minute.
Or:
Web interface
1. Click Current Privilege: Unprivileged (see Figure 7). This will open a field
allowing you to enter the privileged password. The blue text should change
to Current Privilege: Privileged.
2. Go to the Update Firmware tab, click Choose File (see Figure 11) and
navigate to the tar file you downloaded.
3. Click Upload. The ZeptoMux will restart during the update process. The whole
process should only take about 1 minute.
Figure 11: Updating the firmware through the web interface.
7. Assigning IP and MAC address filters to ports
Note: In the factory default settings, all
packets from the host port are
transmitted to all client ports of the
ZeptoMux. If you would like a client to
only receive traffic addressed to either
a particular MAC address, IP address or
a range of the above, you must assign a filter to the client port.
If a filter is not assigned to a port, then all packets from the host port (port 1) are
transmitted to the client.
You can use either the command line or web interface to assign a filter as
follows.
Either:
Command-line interface
1. You must enter privileged mode first (via the "enable" command).
2. Enter "set port filter <port> <allow|block> <MAC address|IP
address|*> [address mask]" to assign a filter to a port.
Example: "set port filter 3 allow 192.168.1.3". This allows port 3 to
receive packets addressed to 192.168.1.3.
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Example: "set port filter 12 block 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0".
This allows port 12 to receive packets addressed to any address outside the
192.168.1.0/24 subnet.
Example: " set port filter 22 allow 00:11:22:33:44:55 FF:DF". This
allows port 22 to receive packets with a MAC address of 00:11:22:33:44:55:66
or 00:31:22:33:44:55:66.
Example: "set port filter 3 allow *". This disables filtering on port 3
and port 3 can now receive packets addressed to any destination.
Or:
Web interface
1. Click the Port Manager tab in the main menu. This will display an image of
the 24 ports (see Figure 12).
2. Click on the blue text directly below the main menu that says
Current Privilege: Unprivileged (see Figure 7). This will open a field allowing
you to enter the privileged password. Enter the privileged password to log
into privileged mode. The blue text should change to
Current Privilege: Privileged.
3. On the image of the 24 ports (Figure 12), click on the port number that you
wish to assign a filter. Details about the selected port will appear on the right
side of the screen, as shown in Figure 13.
4. Go to the field called Filter Address (see Figure 13) and enter the MAC or IP
address that you wish to assign to the selected port, then click the Apply
button. The filter will now be applied to the selected port.
5. To disable a filter clear the Filter Address value and click Apply.
Figure 12: The Port Manager in the web interface when in unprivileged
mode.
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Figure 13: Assigning a filter to port 3 using the web interface (privileged
mode).
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