ALERTON VisualLogic BACtalk UL 864 Instruction Manual

Smoke Control System Guidelines
© Honeywell International Inc. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-MAN-Smoke Rev.0006
BACtalk Systems

Smoke Control System Guidelines
|
BACtalk Systems
© Honeywell International Inc. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-MAN-Smoke Rev.0006
Important safety information and installation
precautions
Read all instructions
Failure to follow all instructions may result in equipment damage or a hazardous condition. Read all instructions
carefully before installing equipment.
Local codes and practices
Always install equipment in accordance with the National Electrical Code NFPA 72, where applicable, and in a
manner acceptable to the local authority having jurisdiction.
Electrostatic sensitivity
This product and its components may be susceptible to electrostatic discharge (ESD). Use appropriate ESD
grounding techniques while handling the product. When possible, always handle the product by its non-electrical
components.
High voltage safety test
Experienced electricians, at first contact, always assume that hazardous voltages may exist in any wiring
system. A safety check using a known, reliable voltage measurement or detection device should be made
immediately before starting work and when work resumes.
Lightning and high-voltage danger
Most electrical injuries involving low-voltage wiring result from sudden, unexpected high voltages on normally
low-voltage wiring. Low-voltage wiring can carry hazardous high voltages under unsafe conditions. Never install
or connect wiring or equipment during electrical storms. Improperly protected wiring can carry a fatal lightning
surge for many miles. All outdoor wiring must be equipped with properly grounded and listed signal circuit
protectors, which must be installed in compliance with local, applicable codes. Never install wiring or equipment
while standing in water.
Wiring and equipment separations
All wiring and controllers must be installed to minimize the possibility of accidental contact with other, potentially
hazardous and disruptive power and lighting wiring. Never place 24VAC or communications wiring near other
bare power wires, lightning rods, antennas, transformers, or steam or hot water pipes. Never place wire in any
conduit, box, channel, duct or other enclosure containing power or lighting circuits of any type. Always provide
adequate separation of communications wiring and other electrical wiring according to code. Keep wiring and
controllers at least six feet from large inductive loads (power distribution panels, lighting ballasts, motors, etc.).
Failure to follow these guidelines can introduce electrical interference and cause the system to operate
erratically.
Warning
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class A digital device, pursuant to part
15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate
radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
© 2008 Honeywell Intl. All Rights Reserved.
6670 185th AVE NE
Redmond, WA 98052 USA
Phone: [phone] FAX: [phone]
Web Site: www.alerton.com E-mail: [email protected]
All information in this document is provided as is without warranty of any kind. Honeywell Intl. reserves the right
to change any information herein without prior notice. No guarantees are given as to the accuracy of information.
Trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and
names or their products. Alerton, BACtalk, and their logos are registered trademarks and VisualLogic is a
trademark of Honeywell Intl. Honeywell Intl. disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names
other than its own.
Questions, corrections, comments?
To improve our information products and better serve our readers, your feedback is vital. If you have any
questions, corrections, or comments about this publication or any other Alerton information products, please
send e-mail to [email protected].
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Smoke Control System Guidelines
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Contents
LTBT-MAN-Smoke Rev.0006 © Honeywell International Inc. All Rights Reserved. 3
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction 5
How to use this manual 5
Abbreviations used in this manual 6
References 6
Chapter 2: Smoke control: an overview 7
What is a smoke control system? 8
Systems and applications 8
System activation 9
Dedicated systems and non-dedicated systems 9
System implementation 10
Building equipment and controls 13
HVAC air-handling systems 13
Controls 14
Chapter 3: Alerton smoke control solutions 17
Basic smoke control approach 17
Smoke control components 18
BTI-S global controller 19
VLC-1188-S field controller 21
VLC-16160-S field controller 22
VAV-SD-S field controller 22
VAV-DD7-S field controller 23
Firefighters Smoke Control Station 23
Ethernet switch 24
Data line protector 24
Printer 25
Other system components 25
Installation guidelines 26
Connection between the FSCS, FACU, and BTI-S 26
Power 26
Network isolation 26
Connections for end-process verification 27
Wiring diagrams 28
Typical sequence of operation (zone control) 34
Operational concerns of NFPA 92A 35
Chapter 4: Smoke control applications 37
Warehouse example 38
Warehouse smoke control system components 40
Implementing the solution 41
High-rise example 42
High-rise smoke control system components 46
Implementing a high-rise smoke control solution 47
Chapter 5: Smoke control programming 49
Programming overview 50
BTI-S programming 50
Programming with a secondary BTI-S 51
BTI-S and FSCS interface 51

Smoke Control System Guidelines
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BACtalk Systems
4© Honeywell International Inc. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-MAN-Smoke Rev.0006
Scheduled testing for dedicated equipment 52
Monitoring system integrity 52
Printing events 52
Chapter 6: Appendix 55
FSCS ordering information 55
Ethernet switch ordering information 55
Printer ordering information 56
Transformer selection information 56
Supplier contact information 56

5
Introduction 1
This document provides information that dealers, sales engineers, project
engineers, and others need to sell, design, engineer, install, and commission smoke
control systems that comply with the Underwriters Laboratories UL 864/UUKL
Smoke Control System Equipment. The document includes information and
guidelines to configure Alerton system components to meet the requirements of
UL.
UUKL is the standards that UL uses to identify products listed under UL 864 as
Smoke Control System Equipment. Products in this category can be installed with
heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment to make up a smoke
control system in accordance with NFPA 92A, Recommended Practice for Smoke-
Control Systems, 2000 Edition. Additional construction and reliability concerns,
not covered in NFPA 92A, are derived from similar requirements governing Fire
Alarm Control Units, as described in Standard UL 864.
This document describes general smoke control concepts and practices based on
NFPA 92A. It also describes the function and interconnection of Alerton products
with other smoke control equipment and HVAC equipment.
Important Every building is different and every smoke control solution is
unique to the building. Each implementation is governed by the local authority
having jurisdiction (AHJ) and applicable codes.
How to use this manual
Use this information to comply with UL 864/UUKL Smoke Control System
Equipment when designing and implementing smoke control systems using the
Alerton components described in this document.
Note NFPA 92A is a Recommended Practice rather than a Code or Standard.
Because the UUKL Listing is based on this Recommended Practice, it is less
stringent than an NFPA Standard. This gives the system designer considerable
latitude in the design and implementation of a smoke control system (within the
constraints of the local authority having jurisdiction and local codes).
Summary of manual contents
This manual contains the following chapters:
Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter describes how to use this manual and
provides references to other documents, codes, and standards that relate to smoke
control systems.
Chapter 2 Smoke control: an overview This chapter summarizes the concepts
and recommendations that are detailed in NFPA 92A.

Smoke Control System Guidelines
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BACtalk Systems
6© Honeywell International Inc. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-MAN-Smoke Rev.0006
Chapter 3 Alerton smoke control solutions This chapter describes Alerton’s
approach to smoke control and the Alerton components that can be used to
perform smoke control functions.
Chapter 4 Smoke control applications This chapter provides examplesof how
to implement smoke control systems using Alerton components.
Chapter 5 Smoke control programming This chapter provides guidelines and
recommendations for programming an effective smoke control system using
Alerton components.
Appendix Refer to this appendix for ordering and transformer selection
information.
Abbreviations used in this manual
The following table defines abbreviations used in this manual.
References NFPA 92A Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems, 2000 Edition
NFPA 92B Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and Large
Areas, 2000 Edition
UL 864 Control Units for Fire-Protective Signaling Systems, 1996 Edition
UL 916 Energy Management Equipment, 1998 Edition
Alerton BTI-S Installation and Operations Guide (LTBT-TM-BTIS)
Alerton VLC Installation & Wiring Guide (LTBT-TM-VLC)
Table 1 Abbreviations
Abbreviation Definition
AHJ Authority having jurisdiction
AHU Air-handling unit
AV Analog value
BTI-S BACtalk Integrator for smoke control applications
BV Binary value
DDC Direct digital control
FACU Fire Alarm Control Unit
FSCS Firefighters’ Smoke Control Station
FSD Fire signaling device
MS/TP Master-Slave/Token Passing
VAV Variable air volume
VLC VisualLogic Controller

7
Smoke control: an overview 2
The information in this chapter is based upon the recommended practices described
in NFPA 92A, Recommended Practice for Smoke-Control Systems, 2000 Edition.
For complete information, refer to that document.
All fires produce smoke, which can spread through a building, causing property
damage and potentially endangering life. Following these guidelines and working
with the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) are both critical to maximizing the
protection afforded by a smoke control system. A smoke control system is
designed to inhibit the flow of smoke into protected areas. These areas can then
provide refuge or additional time for escape.
Generally, smoke movement follows the overall air movement in a building. Even
when the fire itself is confined, smoke can easily spread to adjacent areas through
openings such as construction cracks, pipes, ducts, and open doors. The expanding
gases from the fire drive the smoke through these small openings. Stack effect also
causes smoke to move into other areas. Created by the difference in the inside and
outside temperature of the building, stack effect causes air to rise in a building.
The main factors that cause smoke to spread are stack effect, temperature effect of
fire, weather conditions (for example, wind and temperature), and mechanical air-
handling systems. These factors cause pressure differences across partitions, walls,
and floors that can result in the spread of smoke.
Changing these pressure differences can control smoke movement. You can use
building components, such as walls, floors, doors, dampers, fans, and smokeproof
stairwells, to achieve these pressure changes. You can also use HVAC systems to
help control the movement of smoke. Well-planned building design and tight
construction are essential to smoke control.
There are two basic principles that apply to smoke control:
• Air pressure differences of sufficient magnitude acting across barriers will
inhibit smoke movement.
• Air flow by itself will control smoke movement if the average air velocity
is great enough.

Smoke Control System Guidelines
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BACtalk Systems
8© Honeywell International Inc. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-MAN-Smoke Rev.0006
What is a smoke control system?
An overall smoke control system is a complete system engineered to
accommodate a specific installation. Either the smoke control system designer or
another responsible party should provide a specific installation diagram that
shows how to connect smoke control equipment to the HVAC and other system
equipment. The local authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) is responsible for
approving equipment, an installation, or a procedure and giving permission to
occupy a building.
There is some latitude in system design as long as the local AHJ is in agreement.
Early in the design process, the system designer and the AHJ should review and
agree upon the expected performance of the system and acceptance test
procedures.
Note Smoke control systems are complex. They should be designed by trained
and qualified engineers.
The objectives of a smoke control system include:
• Maintaining a safe, tenable environment in emergency exit routes and
areas of refuge while a facility is evacuated
• Containing the smoke within the fire area and minimizing its migration
and damage to other areas of the facility
• Providing conditions outside the fire area where emergency operations,
such as evacuation, fire control, and rescue, can be performed
• Protecting life and minimizing property loss
Systems and applications
There are a variety of ways to implement a smoke control system, which present
various advantages and disadvantages. Determine system objectives and
performance criteria before beginning design or construction.
All smoke control systems share these characteristics:
• Tenable environment
• System integrity
• Pressure differences
Tenable environment A key feature of a smoke control system is to provide a
tenable environment outside of the area in which the fire is located. A tenable
environment may not be entirely smoke free, but smoke and heat are limited or
restricted to a level that is not life threatening. This area can be used to protect
occupants during evacuation or to provide an area of refuge.
System integrity Smoke control systems should be designed, installed, and
maintained so that the system remains effective during evacuation of the
protected areas. Other factors may dictate that the system remain effective for a
longer period of time. These factors include reliability of power sources,
arrangement of power distribution, equipment materials and construction, and
building occupancy.

Smoke Control System Guidelines
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Systems and applications
LTBT-MAN-Smoke Rev.0006 © Honeywell International Inc. All Rights Reserved. 9
Pressure differences Air pressure differences provide the mechanism that
contains smoke within the smoke zone and prevents smoke from moving into
other zones. NFPA 92A provides guidelines for recommended pressure
differences across smoke barriers and doors.
The pressure differences that smoke control systemsproduce can fluctuate due to
the wind, fan pulsations, doors opening, doors closing, and other factors. In most
cases, intermittent deviations up to 50 percent of the recommended minimum
design pressure difference are acceptable.
System activation Smoke control systems should be activated during the early stages of a fire
emergency. This limits the movement of fire gases and helps maintain a tenable
environment in the areas to be protected. There are two types of system
activation:
• Automatic – An alarm condition from a fire detection device, such as a
smoke detector or heat detector, or from a Fire Alarm Control Unit
(FACU), activates an automatic, preprogrammed sequence of events in
the smoke control system.
• Manual – An authorized person manually activates specific smoke
control functions (not a preprogrammed sequence of events) at the
Firefighters’ Smoke Control Station (FSCS).
For more information, see “System activation and deactivation” on page 14.
Dedicated systems and non-dedicated systems
Dedicated smoke control systems are installed for the sole purpose of providing
smoke control. They are separate systems of air moving and distribution
equipment that don’t perform any function under normal building conditions.
Upon activation, these systems operate specifically to perform smoke control
functions.
Advantages of dedicated systems include:
• Operation and control of the system is usually simpler than a non-
dedicated system
• Reliance on or impact by other building systems is limited
• Modification of system controls after installation is less likely
Disadvantages of dedicated systems include:
• System impairments may go undiscovered between periodic tests or
maintenance
• Systems may require more physical space
Non-dedicated systems share components with other systems such as the
building HVAC system. Activation causes the system to change its mode of
operation to perform smoke control functions.
For example, the central air handler for a building may serve several smoke
control zones. Under normal HVAC operation, this air handler adjusts the
outdoor, exhaust, and return air dampers to maintain a desired temperature.

Smoke Control System Guidelines
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BACtalk Systems
10 © Honeywell International Inc. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-MAN-Smoke Rev.0006
During smoke control operation, the functions of the air handler change. The
system may drive the outdoor and exhaust air dampers fully open and the return
air damper fully closed to provide the maximum amount of outdoor air and
building exhaust, which are used for smoke control and evacuation.
Advantages of non-dedicated systems include:
• Impairments to shared equipment required for normal building
operation are likely to be corrected promptly
• Limited additional space for smoke control equipment is needed
Disadvantages of non-dedicated systems include:
• System control can become elaborate
• Modifications of shared equipment or control strategies and sequences
of operations may inadvertently impair smoke control functionality
System implementation
Smoke control systems are generally designed for one of two uses: shaft
protection and floor protection. Shaft protection consists of stairwell
pressurization systems and elevator hoistway systems. Floor protection consists
of a variety of zoned smoke control systems. Choosing a particular system or
combination of systems depends upon the building, fire code requirements,
occupancy, and life safety requirements of the specific building.
Stairwell pressurization
The primary objective of pressurized stairwells is to provide a tenable
environment within the stairwell in the event of a building fire. This helps
provide an evacuation route for building occupants. A secondary objective is to
provide a staging area for firefighters.
On the floor where the fire exists, a pressurized stairwell needs to maintain a
pressure difference across a closed stairwell door to limit smoke infiltration.
Either a compensated or non-compensated system can serve this purpose.
Compensated systems adjust to combinations of open and closed doors, while
maintaining positive pressure differences across openings. These systems
compensate for changing conditions by either adjusting supply air flows or
relieving excess pressure from the stairwell.
In a noncompensated system, a single-speed fan injects supply air into the
stairwell. This provides one pressure difference with all doors closed, another
pressure difference with one door open, and so on.
Other considerations for stairwell pressurization include the location of the
supply air source, supply air fans, single and multiple-injection systems, and
vestibules.
• To prevent smoke from re-entering the building, the supply air intake
should be separated as much as possible from openings that might expel
smoke from the building during a fire. This includes all building
exhausts, outlets from smoke shafts, roof smoke vents, heat vents, and
open vents from elevator shafts.