Allied Telesis AT-8800 Series Application guide

AT-8800 Series Switch
Hardware Reference
AT-8824
AT-8848

AT-8800 Series Hardware Reference
Document Number C613-03066-00 REV F.
© 2003-2006 Allied Telesis Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced without prior written permission from Allied Telesis Inc.
Allied Telesis Inc. reserves the right to change specifications and other information in
this document without prior written notice. The information provided herein is subject
to change without notice. In no event shall Allied Telesis Inc. be liable for any incidental,
special, indirect, or consequential damages whatsoever, including but not limited to lost
profits, arising out of or related to this manual or the information contained herein, even
if Allied Telesis Inc. has been advised of, known, or should have known, the possibility
of such damages.
All company names, logos, and product designs that are trademarks or registered
trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

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Contents
Models Covered By This Reference .................................................................... 4
Why You Should Read This Reference ............................................................... 4
Hardware Description ....................................................................................... 5
Switch Overview ......................................................................................... 5
AT-8800 Series Switch Models .................................................................... 7
AT-8824 ..................................................................................................... 7
AT-8848 ..................................................................................................... 7
Online Documentation ...................................................................................... 8
Accessing the CD-ROM and Online Documentation .................................... 8
AT-TFTP Server ................................................................................................... 8
Using Windows Terminal and Hyperterminal ................................................... 10
Switch Start-up ............................................................................................... 13
To log In ................................................................................................... 13
To access help .......................................................................................... 14
Start-up Procedures .................................................................................. 14
RS-232 Terminal Port (ASYN0) ......................................................................... 17
Useful Cables .................................................................................................. 18
RS-232 Terminal and Modem Cables ........................................................ 18
Cables for RJ-45 Ethernet LAN Interfaces .................................................. 19
Test Facility ..................................................................................................... 21
Ethernet LAN Port Tests ............................................................................ 22
Other Interface Tests ................................................................................. 23
Redundant Power Supply (RPS) ....................................................................... 23
AT-RPS8000 .............................................................................................. 24
Port, Connector, and Cable Combinations ...................................................... 26
Troubleshooting .............................................................................................. 26
LEDs and What They Mean ....................................................................... 26
Check these first ...................................................................................... 27
Some common problems and how to solve them ..................................... 28
Expansion Options .......................................................................................... 29
Gigabit Interface Converters (GBICs) ......................................................... 29
Dual In-line Memory Modules (DIMMs) ..................................................... 30
Where To Find More Information .................................................................... 31
Contacting Us ................................................................................................. 31

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Models Covered By This Reference
This Hardware Reference includes information on the following products:
■AT-8824
■AT-8848
The latest AT-8800 Series Hardware Reference can be found at
www.alliedtelesis.com/support/software
Why You Should Read This Reference
This Reference provides hardware related information for AT-8800 Series
switches.
The Reference has two primary aims:
1. To familiarise you with the hardware features of AT-8800 Series switches.
2. To assist you with setting up and maintaining your AT-8800 Series switch.
This Reference does not cover software configuration or software installation
procedures. For information on software, refer to the AT-8800 Series Software Reference.
AT-8800 Series
Printed Acrobat PDF Website
Documentation Roadmap
AT-8800 Series Safety and Statutory Information Booklet
AT-8800 Series Software Reference
AT-8800 Series Hardware Reference
General Customer Support
Visit www.alliedtelesyn.co.nz for
the latest documentation, FAQs,
and support information.
AT-8800 Series Quick Install Guide

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Hardware Description
This section provides an overview of hardware features for the AT-8800 Series,
as well as hardware descriptions of each model.
Switch Overview
Developed to meet the exceptionally high performance demands of low to
mid-range applications, AT-8800 Series switches deliver hardware-based low-
latency high-bandwidth wire speed Layer 2 and 3 switching, in a robust 1U
platform.
With GBIC and 10/100BASE RJ-45 port options bridging traditional copper/
fibre divides, and hardware expansion options such as Dual In-line Memory
Modules (DIMMs), the AT-8800 Series is a versatile and powerful switching
solution for rapidly evolving networks.
Dimensions
Mounting System
•1Urackmounting
Environmental Conditions
• Operating temperature range: 0 to 50º C (32 to 122º F)
• Storage temperature range: -20 to 60º C (-4 to 140º F)
• Relative humidity range: 5 to 95% non-condensing
Regulatory Standards
AC models
• AS/NZS3260
• CNS 13438 Class A
•BSMI
• VCCI Class A
• EMC: EN55022 class A, FCC class A, and VCCI class I
• Immunity testing to EN55024: EN61000-3 levels 2 (Harmonics), and 3
(Flicker). EN61000-4 levels 2 (ESD), 3 (susceptibility), 4 (fast transients),
5 (power surge), 6 (RF immunity), and 11 (Voltage dips and sags).
• Safety: UL60950, CAN/CSA-C22.2 NO. 60950-00, EN60950, ACA TS001
• Certification: UL, cUL, TUV
Table 1: Dimensions for AT-8824 and AT-8848.
AT-8824 and AT-8848
Height 1U - 44 mm (plus 5.5 mm if the rubber feet are used).
Width 440 mm (excluding rack-mounting brackets).
Depth 350 mm.
Weight Not more than 6 kg excluding power cord.

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LEDs
• Port and System status LEDs
• For a complete list of LEDs and their functions, see “LEDs and What
They Mean” on page 26.
Power Supply Unit
AC models
• Universal 100/240 VAC 50/60 Hz input
• Redundant DC Power connection
Maximum Current Loads
AC models
• Maximum continuous current draw, 0.7A at 240V, 1.5A at 100V
•Maximuminrushcurrent(coldstart at 25º C/77º F), 50A at 115V
Switching Cores
• Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) switch chip
• Non-blocking L2 and L3 IP Switching
• 8 k entry forwarding address database
• 32 MByte SDRAM packet buffer
Processing Core
• 400 MHz RISC Processor
• 64, 128 or 256 MBytes Synchronous DRAM on DIMM
• 16 MBytes of fixed flash (expandable to 32 MBytes)
• 256 kBytes of SRAM (NVS)
• Battery backed real time clock (RTC)
• 32-bit/33 MHz PCI bus
• Silicon ID chip storing serial number, board ID, and MAC address
Asynchronous Serial Port
•Upto115kbps
• Hardware-flow control
•RJ-45withCiscopinout
• RJ-45 cable and RJ-45 to DB9 adapter supplied
PCI Accelerator Card (PAC) Slot
• For optional 32-bit PCI based hardware Encryption and/or
Compression Card, a PAC interface connection is provided

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AT-8800 Series Switch Models
This section provides hardware descriptions for the individual switch models.
AT-8824
(Front Panel Figure 1, Rear Panel Figure 3)
• 24-port 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX (RJ-45 connectors)
• 2-port 1000BASE-X (GBIC slots)
• Unrestricted 1000BASE-T GBIC use
• One DIMM socket for expansion of Synchronous DRAM to 256MB
• Compatible with AT-RPS8000 systems
• Auto-negotiating Layer 3 Managed Switch
Figure 1: Front panel of the AT-8824.
AT-8848
(Front Panel Figure 2, Rear Panel Figure 3)
• 48-port 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX (RJ-45 connectors)
• 2-port 1000BASE-X (GBIC slots)
• Unrestricted 1000BASE-T GBIC use
• One DIMM socket for expansion of Synchronous DRAM to 256MB
• Compatible with AT-RPS8000 systems
• Auto-negotiating Layer 3 Managed Switch
Figure 2: Front panel of the AT-8848.
Figure 3: Rear panel of the AT-8800 series switches.
25
26
25
26
LINK
ACT
L/A
L/A GBIC
ENABLED
FAULT
GBIC
GBIC
AT-8824
Intelligent Workgroup Switch
RESET
ASYN0
FAULT PW RRPS
1 3 5 7
2 4 6 8
D/CL/A
9 11 13 15
10 12 14 16
D/CL/A
17 19 21 23
18 20 22 24
D/CL/A
PORT ACTIVITY
D/C
L/A
LINK 100M ACT
LINK 10M ACT
FULL DUP
HALF DUP COL
49
50
49
50
LINK
ACT
L/A
L/A GBIC
ENABLED
FAULT
GBIC
GBIC
D/CL/A
LINK 100M ACT LINK 10M ACT
L/A
FULL DUP HALF DUP COL
PORT ACTIVITY
AT-8848
Intelligent Workgroup Switch
RESET
ASYN0
FAULT PWRRPS
33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47
34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31
18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
D/CL/AL/A D/CL/AL/A D/CL/A

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Online Documentation
This section provides a step-by-step guide to accessing online documentation.
Adobe Acrobat Reader must be installed to view online documentation.
Accessing the CD-ROM and Online Documentation
Follow these steps to access the CD-ROM and online documentation:
1. Insert the Documentation and Tools CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive.
2. If the CD-ROM browser does not appear.
Select "Run" from the Start Menu (Windows 95, 98, 2000 or NT 4.0).
Type d:\start.exe (where d: is the CD-ROM drive letter) and click OK.
3. To view a document.
Click on the document title.
4. To navigate around PDF documents.
Use the toolbar buttons, keyboard shortcuts, or commands from the
Document menu to page through the document.
Click on a bookmark, thumbnail or hypertext link to jump to a specific
section or topic.
Use the Search command to search for keywords or phrases.
For more information about using the Adobe Acrobat Reader, select
"Reader Guide" from the Help menu.
5. To install any of the tools included on the CD-ROM.
Click on a link in the CD browser.
AT-TFTP Server
This section provides information on how to access and use AT-TFTP Server.
AT-TFTP Server can be used to transfer configuration files as well as to
download software patches and releases.
To use AT-TFTP Server, follow these steps:
1. If AT-TFTP Server has not yet been installed.
Install it now from the AT-8800 Series Documentation and Tools CD-ROM.
Choose AT-TFTP Server from the Start > Programs > Allied Telesis >
AT-TFTP Server menu.
2. To set preferences for the AT-TFTP Server.
Select "Options" from the File menu to display the "Set Preferences" dialog
box.
The "Default file transfer directory" field specifies the directory that AT-
TFTP Server will read from or write to for file requests that do not include a
directory specification.

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To prevent unauthorised access to private directories, enter a path name in
the "Restrict to directory" field. AT-TFTP Server will use only the specified
directory, even if file requests contain references to other directories.
Select "Read only" to prevent files being written to the PC. To use the PC to
archive scripts created using the switch's CREATE CONFIG command,
select "Read Write".
Make any required changes and click "OK".
3. To load a file from AT-TFTP Server to the Switch.
On a terminal connected to the RS-232 Terminal Port (ASYN0), type the
command:
LOAD METHOD=TFTP FILE=filename SERVER=ipadd DEST=FLASH
where filename is the name of the file to download and ipadd is the IP
address of the PC running AT-TFTP Server.
4. To save a TFTP Server log.
Select "Save As" from the File menu.
TFTP requests are logged to the AT-TFTP Server main window.

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Using Windows Terminal and
Hyperterminal
You can use a PC running terminal emulation software as the manager console,
instead of a terminal. There are many terminal emulation applications
available for PCs, but the most readily available are the Terminal and
HyperTerminal applications included in Microsoft Windows 98, 2000, and
XP Professional. In standard Windows installations, HyperTerminal is
available from the Communications submenu.
The key to successful use of terminal emulation software with the switch is to
configure the software and switch with matching communications parameters.
The following procedure can be applied to most terminal emulation programs.
Dialog boxes in the procedure are from Windows 2000 and XP Professional.
To configure Windows HyperTerminal for 2000 and XP Professional
1. Start the program in Windows by doing one of the following:
• Select Programs > Accessories > Communications > HyperTerminal.
• Double-click the Hypertrm.exe icon.
2. In the Connection Description dialog box:
• Enter a name for the connection, such as Admin.
• Select an icon from the scrollable list and click the OK button.

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3. In the “Connect using” field on the Connect To dialog box, select the COM
port on the PC used to connect to the switch. and click the OK button.
4. In the COMnProperties dialog box, set port parameters as follows, and click
the OK button.

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5. From the main HyperTerminal window, select Properties from the File
menu. Click the Settings tab, and set the Properties dialog box as follows.
6. Click ASCII Setup to display the ASCII Setup dialog box, and ensure the
following options are not selected:
• Echo typed characters locally
• Append line feeds to incoming line ends
Set other parameters as necessary and click the OK buttons on both dialog
boxes to close them.

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7. Save the current session by selecting Save from the File menu on the main
HyperTerminal window. This creates a connection icon with the name you
assigned in the HyperTerminal group.
To use the configuration, double-click the connection icon. When the
HyperTerminal window appears, press the Enter key several times; the
switch’s login prompt is then displayed.
Switch Start-up
This section outlines the log in and start-up procedures for your switch.
Although the switch will perform basic switching operations without being
configured, you will need to go through these log in and start-up procedures if
you wish to configure the switch and access its full layer 3 switching
capabilities.
To log In
To log in you must first connect the switch to a terminal or PC. This can be
done using the RS-232 Terminal Port (ASYN0). A terminal cable suitable for
use with ASYN0 is supplied with each switch.
Using the supplied terminal cable, or a cable you have made by following the
instructions in “Useful Cables” on page 18, connect your terminal or PC to
ASYN0.
Set the communication parameters on your terminal or terminal emulation
program to:
• Baud rate: 9600
• Data bits: 8
•Parity:None
•Stopbits:1
• Flow control: Hardware
See “Using Windows Terminal and Hyperterminal” on page 10 for more
information on configuring emulation software.
Ensure that any power switches are in the On position and that the switch is
receiving power.
After the switch has booted, the log in prompt appears. If the log in prompt
doesn’t appear, press [Enter] two or three times.
When the switch boots for the first time it automatically creates an account
with manager privileges. The account has the log in name “manager” and the
password is “friend”.
At the log in prompt, enter the log in name and password.
Log in: manager
Password: friend
The switch’s command prompt appears and you can now configure the switch
using the command line interface.

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Change the password as soon as possible. Leaving the manager account with
the default password is a serious security risk. Make sure that you remember
the new password as there is no way to retrieve it if it is lost.
Use the following command to change the account password:
set password
See the AT-8800 Series Software Reference for more information on configuring
the switch.
To access help
To display a list of help topics, enter:
help
To display help on a specific topic, enter:
help topic
Alternatively, type a question mark (?) at the end of a partially completed
command to see a list of valid options.
Start-up Procedures
When the switch starts up following either a power cycle or an operator-
initiated reboot (using the Reset button or RESTART command), a series of
start-up messages is sent to the terminal or PC connected to ASYN0 (Figure 4
on page 14).
Figure 4: Switch start-up messages.
After the self tests are complete, the manager is given the option of forcing a
mandatory boot from the EPROM (Flash) release. The message:
Force EPROM download (Y)?
is displayed on the terminal or PC connected to ASYN0 and the switch pauses.
If a key is not pressed within a few seconds, the start-up process will continue
and all steps in the sequence will be executed. Pressing selected keys on the
terminal immediately after the “Force EPROM download” message is
displayed will change the switch start-up process (Table 2 on page 15).
INFO: Self tests beginning.
INFO: RAM test beginning.
PASS: RAM test, 65536k bytes found.
INFO: BBR tests beginning.
PASS: BBR test, 128k bytes found.
INFO: Self tests complete
INFO: Downloading switch software.
Force EPROM download (Y) ?
INFO: Initial download succeeded
INFO: Executing configuration script <boot.cfg>
INFO: Switch startup complete
Manager >

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During the start-up process the switch will generate four different types of
messages. All messages are preceded by one of the words INFO, PASS, FAIL,
or ERROR. The significance of these words is shown in Table 3 on page 15.
The possible messages and their meanings are:
INFO: Self tests beginning.
The code loader tests are about to begin.
INFO: RAM test beginning.
The RAM tests are about to begin.
PASS: RAM test, 65536k bytes found.
The RAM test passed, and the indicated amount of memory was found
and will be used by the switch.
ERROR: RAM test 5. Error address = 00345678.
A RAM test failed, at the given address. In the example, it was the fifth
test run. The RAM test repeats until it passes, so a number of messages
like this may appear. This fault means that the memory system is faulty.
If the fault continues, contact your authorised Allied Telesis distributor
or reseller immediately.
INFO: BBR tests beginning.
The BBR battery tests are about to begin.
PASS: BBR test, 128k bytes found.
The BBR size/location test passed, with the indicated amount of BBR
found.
FAIL: BBR test. Error address = 12345678.
The BBR size/location test failed at the given location. The test at this
location failed, indicating the end of memory, but a valid location was
discovered in the 255 long words following this location. The BBR
system will need to be replaced. Contact your Authorised Allied Telesis
distributor or reseller.
Table 2: Switch start-up sequence keystrokes.
Pressing key... Forces the switch to...
[Y] Load the EPROM release, with no patch.
[S] Start with the default configuration. Any boot script is ignored.
[Ctrl/D] Enter diagnostics mode.
Table 3: Switch start-up message classes.
Message Meaning
INFO An action will be taken by the system.
PASS A test has been completed successfully.
ERROR An error message that a test has failed, but the system will continue to
operate.
FAIL An error message that a fatal error condition has caused the system to
halt in an unrecoverable fashion.

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FAIL: BBR test, only 16k bytes found.
The BBR size/location test completed, but only the displayed amount
of memory was found. This amount is less than the minimum required
to run the switch software.
INFO: Self tests complete.
The start-up tests have finished.
INFO: Downloading switch software.
The process of downloading the switch software and vector table from
ROM is about to begin.
ERROR: Code load retried.
FAIL: Code load failed.
The load of the code from ROM to RAM failed. The load is retried a
number of times. Each time a failure occurs, the ERROR message is
displayed. If the maximum number of attempts is reached, the FAIL
message is displayed.
INFO: Initial download successful.
The start-up tests and download are complete, and the switch software
is about to be started.
INFO: Executing configuration script <script-name>
The configuration commands stored in <script-name> are being
executed. If an error is found in the script, one or more ERROR
messages will be displayed.
INFO: Switch startup complete.
The start-up process is complete and the switch will now perform basic
switching operations. Further configuration will be necessary if you wish to
access the switch’s full layer 3 switching capabilities. See your AT-8800 Series
Software Reference for detailed information on configuring the switch.

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RS-232 Terminal Port (ASYN0)
This section introduces the switch’s RS-232 Terminal Port (ASYN0), including
its pin assignment and purpose.
The RS-232 ASYN0 Terminal Port is used to connect the switch to a
management device for initial configuration and switch management tasks.
This allows the switch’s software to be accessed from a terminal, or a PC
running terminal emulation software. You can also use ASYN0 to establish a
network connection from a remote site using SLIP and a modem.
ASYN0 has an RJ-45 socket with an industry recognised pinout. This requires
the use of a straight-through RJ-45 cable with an RJ-45 DB9F connector when
connecting the switch to a terminal or PC. The socket is wired as a DTE and the
pin roles are shown in Figure 5 on page 17 and listed in Table 4 on page 17.
See “Useful Cables” on page 18 for more information on suitable cables to use
with ASYN0.
Figure 5: RS-232 Terminal Port Pin Numbers
Table 4: Internal DTE pin roles.
Pin Role
1RTS
2DTR
1
1. DTR and DSR are connected together but have no other internal connection.
3TXD
4GND
5GND
6RXD
7DSR
1
8CTS
18
RJPIN1

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Useful Cables
This section describes how to make management, test, and network cables for
use with the switch’s RS-232 (ASYN0) and RJ-45 interfaces.
RS-232 Terminal and Modem Cables
Table 5 list the terminal and modem cables described in this section.
Figure 6, and Figure 7 show how to wire cables to connect a standard VT100
compatible terminal, or a modem, to ASYN0.
Figure 6: Pin wiring diagram for a standard DB9 male to female terminal cable.
Table 5: Terminal and modem cable descriptions.
Cable type Description
RS-232 RJ-45 to DB9 female terminal cable Figure 6 on page 18
RS-232 RJ-45 to DB9 male modem cable Figure 7 on page 19
Notes:
(1) →Output from switch; ←Input to switch.
(2) Cable version 1.0.
(3) Pin 4 unconnected.
RJ-45
(to switch/DTE)
DE9 Female
(to PC/terminal/DTE)
Ciscowiredrj45db9
(DTR) 2
(RXD)
(TXD) 3
6
(DCD)
7
(GND) 5
(CTS) 8
(RTS) 1
not connected
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(DCD)
(RXD)
(TXD)
(DTR)
(GND)
not connected
(DSR)
(RTS)
(CTS)
(RING)
Cable
Pin 9 Pin 6
Pin 5 Pin 1
DB9 Female Pin View
1
8
RJ-45 Pin View

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Figure 7: Pin wiring diagram for a DCE RS-232 Terminal Port (DB9 male connector)
male to male modem cable.
More information on pin assignments for the RS-232 Terminal Port can be
found in “RS-232 Terminal Port (ASYN0)” on page 17.
Notes:
(1) →Output from switch; ←Input to switch
(2) Cable version 1.0.
3 (TXD)
2 (RXD)
1 (DCD)
5 (GND)
4 (DTR)
8 (CTS)
7 (RTS)
9 not connected
6 not connected
4
3
6
7
5
2
8
1
RJ-45
(to switch/DTE)
DB9 Male
(to modem/DCE)
not connected
→ (TXD)
← (RXD)
← (CD)
(GND)
→ (DTR)
← (CTS)
→ (RTS)
not connected
RJ45DTEDB9Msw
Cable
Pin 9 Pin 6
Pin 5 Pin 1
DB9 Male Pin View
1
8
RJ-45 Pin View

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Cables for RJ-45 Ethernet LAN Interfaces
For 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX/1000BASE-T (10/100/1000BASE) connections, a
twisted pair cable with four pairs and RJ-45 connectors must be used.
Table 6 on page 20 lists the cables used for network connections and testing of
RJ-45 interfaces.
Caution. Do not plug a phone jack into any RJ-45 port. Doing so could damage
the switch. Use only twisted pair cables with RJ-45 connectors.
Pin assignments
For twisted pair cables each pair is identified by two different colours. For
example, one wire might be red, and the other red with a white stripe. An RJ-45
connector must be fitted to both ends of the cable. Figure 8 on page 20
illustrates the pin layout for RJ-45 connectors.
Figure 8: RJ-45 Pin layout.
Table 6: Cables for RJ-45 LAN interfaces.
Purpose Interface type Cable type Pairs Pin assignment
Network 10/100/1000BASE Straight through Four Table 7 on page 21
Test 10/100/1000BASE Crossover or straight through Four Table 8 on page 21 or
Table 7 on page 21
1
8
1
8
RJPIN