Amrel PQ Series User manual

OPERATION MANUAL
Revision 1.0
Release Date: 04/11/02
/AMERICAN RELIANCE, INC.
11801 GOLDRING ROAD, ARCADIA, CA 91006
PHONE: [phone] FAX: [phone]
PQ Series
Programmable DC Power Supply

i
LIMITED WARRANTY
American Reliance warrants to the original user or purchaser that your unit is free from any defects
in material or workmanship for a period of one year from the date of purchase. If any defect is
discovered within the warranty period, American Reliance will repair or replace the unit, subject to
verification of the defect or malfunction, upon delivery or prepaid shipment to American Reliance.
IMPORTANT:
(1) Unless a problem is discovered upon initial inspection after purchase of the unit, please
do not return the product to the distributor where it was purchased. American Reliance accepts
the responsibility of keeping you a satisfied customer.
(2) If out-of-warranty or any service not covered by this warranty is needed, please contact
the American Reliance Service Department at [phone] for current charges.
This warranty does not apply to defects or to physical damage resulting from abuse, neglect, accident,
improper repair, alteration, or unreasonable use of the unit, resulting in (but not limited to) cracked
or broken cases or parts, or to units damaged by excessive heat. Except upon initial purchase, this
warranty does not cover finish or appearance items nor does it cover items damaged in shipment to
American Reliance for repair or calibration.
To receive service under this warranty, you must include proof of purchase, including date and place
of purchase (a copy of your purchase receipt) or we will not be responsible for repairs or replacement
of the unit under warranty.
American Reliance assumes no responsibility for shipping and handling. However, repaired units will
be shipped back to the customer with return shipping charges paid by American Reliance.
Any applicable implied warranties, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular use, are hereby limited to three years from the date of purchase. Consequential or
incidental damages resulting from loss of use, or from a breach of any applicable express or implied
warranties are hereby excluded.
This warranty is in lieu of all other agreements and warranties, general or specific, express or
implied. No representative or person is authorized to assume for us any other liability in connection
with the sale or use of this American Reliance product.
Some states do not allow limitations on how long implied warranties last and do not allow exclusion
of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations and exclusions may not apply to
you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights that may vary from state to state.

ii
NON-WARRANTY SERVICE
Any American Reliance out-of-warranty instrument that is thought to be defective, but is repairable,
may be sent in for non-warranty service. Please contact our service department at [phone]
for current repair charges.
The instrument should be returned to American Reliance, please follow the directions under the
heading "Shipping Instructions" in this section.
SHIPPING INSTRUCTIONS
Any product returned to American Reliance for service must be shipped, freight prepaid (we will
not accept COD shipments).
American Reliance Inc.
5440 Peck Rd.,
El Monte, CA 91732
Attn: RMA # _________________
Please obtain return authorization from AMREL before returning any product.
The instrument must be carefully packed, preferably in its original carton with PE Foam, and
should be accompanied by a letter or note containing the following information:
User's Name Proof of Purchase
User's Address Description of problem
Model number Serial number
If service is desired, such as calibration, it must be stated in the enclosed letter. For non-warranty
repairs, and for calibration, the correct service charge must accompany the unit in the form of a
check or money order payable to American Reliance Inc. Please do not send cash. Contact our
service department at [phone].
American Reliance will return the serviced instrument, with freight paid by American Reliance,
via UPS ground service unless otherwise requested.
NOTE: ALL INSTRUMENTS THAT ARE RETURNED FOR REPAIR OR
CALIBRATION MUST HAVE AN ASSIGNED R.M.A. NUMBER WRITTEN ON THE
FRONT OF THE PACKAGE. THIS NUMBER MAY BE OBTAINED BY OUR SERVICE
DEPARTMENT. ANY INSTRUMENT DELIVERED WITHOUT THIS NUMBER WILL BE
REFUSED, AND RETURNED.

iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title Page
1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION 1
1.1 Description 1
1.2 Features 1
1.3 Cooling 2
1.4 Installation 2
1.5 Power Requirements 2
1.6 Specifications 2
2.0 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 7
2.1 General Operation 7
2.2 Controls and Indicators 7
2.3 Preparation for Use 7
2.3.1 Unpacking 7
2.3.2 Electrical Check 8
2.4 Modes of Operation 9
2.4.1 Normal Mode 9
2.4.2 Constant Voltage 9
2.4.3 Constant Current 10
2.5 Remote Sensing 10
2.6 Standard Programming 10
2.7 Remote Programming 13
2.7.1 Resistive Programming 13
2.7.2 Voltage Programming 15
2.7.3 Current Programming 15
2.8 Voltage and Current Monitoring 16
2.9 Digital Control Lines 16
2.10 Diagnostic Functions 19
2.11 Parallel Operation 20
2.11.1 Parallel Operation - Direct 20
2.11.2 Parallel Operation - Master/Slave 20
2.12 Series Operation 21
2.12.1 Series Operation - Direct 21
2.12.2 Series Operation - Master/Slave 21
2.13 Pulse Loading 23
2.14 Conversion to 240/440 V Operation 23
2.15 Nomenclature 23

iv
3.0 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION 27
3.1 General 27
3.2 Theory of Operation 29
3.2.1 Power Circuit 29
3.2.2 Input Board 30
3.2.3 Chopper Module 30
3.2.4 Inverter Module 30
3.2.5 Output Module 31
3.2.6 Other Printed Circuit Boards 31
4.0 MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLE SHOOTING 32
4.1 General 32
4.2 Trouble Shooting Guide 32
4.3 Calibration 33
4.3.1 Control Board 33
4.3.2 Driver Board 34

1
1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 Description
This manual contains operation and maintenance instructions for American Reliance's PQ Series,
medium frequency link power supplies. These power supplies are constant voltage/constant current
sources suitable for a wide range of applications.
1.2 Features
American Reliance’s PQ SERIES power supplies set a new standard for high-powered dc supplies.
A combination of high and medium frequency power processing technologies improves response,
shrinks package size, and reduces cost. PQ SERIES power supplies are current fed. Compared with
conventional switching power supplies, these supplies can easily tolerate the punishment of the most
rigorous applications.
PQ SERIES power supplies are fully programmable via resistance, voltage, current, or optional
IEEE-488/RS232. While other supplies can remotely control only output voltage and current, PQ
SERIES units also allow programming of over voltage and over current protection. Program lines
are constantly monitored for range of operation. If a line should open or if a programmable input is
set beyond that anticipated, the unit safely shuts down protecting the load.
PQ SERIES power supplies can operate as a voltage source or current source depending on the
control settings and load conditions. If the power supply is operating as a voltage source and the load
increases to a point beyond the current command setting, the power supply automatically crosses
over to current mode control and operates as a current source at that setting.
Differential amplifiers isolate the programming lines from the dc output allowing programming at
any distance from the load. Additional differential amplifiers are provided for master/slave series
or parallel operation.
Diagnostic functions are contained directly within the supply’s control loop. Exclusive circuitry
eliminates guesswork about which function has control -- voltage, current, or a fault condition. If
the fault condition requires user attention, main power is disconnected and the diagnostic condition
is latched into memory. Pressing the reset switch clears the memory. All diagnostic functions are
monitored with optical isolators that can be paralleled for master/slave operation. Furthermore,
control functions can also be set through optical isolators to allow simultaneous control of one or
more PQ SERIES units. Programming switches in the rear of the supply enable internal operation
of controls, external operation, or both.
PQ SERIES supplies have three levels of over voltage/current protection: shutdown of controlling
insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT’s), disconnect of main power, and optional SCR crowbar.
After an over voltage/current condition, the supply must be reset. Pressing the reset switch causes
the over voltage/current settings to be displayed on the front meters.

2
PQ SERIES power supplies have push button start/stop controls. These controls are electrically
integrated to a mechanical contactor which operates with the electronic switches to break the ac
mains when stop is commanded. Unlike competing products, an off means both an electrical and
mechanical break in the power circuit — not a break in an electronic switch. Safety comes first at
American Reliance.
1.3 Cooling
Each power supply enclosure is cooled by suitable blowers exhausting warm air to the rear of the
cabinet. Fresh air intake is from the sides of the cabinet allowing two or more PQ Series supplies
to be stacked. Blocking ventilation will cause the power supply to overheat.
1.4 Installation
The power supply is capable of being rack or bench mounted. For rack mount installations, additional
support, other than that provided by the front panel, is required. Angle slides or cross beam supports
securely fastened to the rack are recommended for supporting the weight of the power supply. The
unit should be horizontally mounted.
1.5 Power Requirements
A suitable source of ac power is required for this supply. The unit is wired for 208 V, 3N, 50 to 60
Hz mains. For 240 V operation, two internal wiring changes must be made to the unit. Information
concerning conversion is covered in Section 2.14.
PQ Series power supplies are optionally available for operation on 440/480 V, 3N, 50 to 60 Hz
mains. Units are normally wired for 480 V operation and information concerning conversion is
covered in Section 2.14.
1.6 Specifications
The following specifications describe the published operational characteristics of the PQ series power
supplies.
Input voltage: 208/240 Vac, 50-60 Hz, 3Nstandard; 440/480 Vac, 50-60 Hz, 3Noptional.
Regulation line and load combined: 0.10 %.
Stability: 0.10 % for 8 hours after 30 minute warm up.
Transient response: 40.0 ms to recover within 2 % of regulated output with a 30 % step load change.

3
Programming resistors: 1 KSfull scale for output voltage, output current, over voltage shutdown,
and over current shutdown.
Ambient Temperature: 0 to 50°C.
Storage Temperature: -25 to +85°C.
Temperature coefficient: 0.04 %/°C of maximum output current.
Size: 5¼"H x 19"W x 24"D, see figure 1.1 for details.
Weight: 125 lbs for 10 kW models, 97 lbs for 6.6 kW models, and 74 lbs for 3.3 kW models.
10 KW MODELS AND RATINGS
MODEL
VOLTS
Vdc
AMPS
Adc
RIPPLE
mVrms
EFF.
%
INPUT CURRENT (Aac)
208/240 V
MODELS
440/480 V
MODELS
PQ16-600
PQ20-500
PQ32-300
PQ40-250
PQ50-200
PQ80-125
PQ100-100
PQ125-80
PQ160-62
PQ200-50
PQ250-40
PQ375-27
PQ500-20
PQ625-16
16
20
32
40
50
80
100
125
160
200
250
375
500
625
600
500
300
250
200
125
100
80
62
50
40
27
20
16
40
35
30
35
40
50
55
60
70
80
90
100
130
150
86
86
86
87
87
87
87
87
87
87
88
88
88
88
36
36
36
36
36
36
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
18
18
18
18
18
18
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17

4
6.6 KW MODELS AND RATINGS
MODEL
VOLTS
Vdc
AMPS
Adc
RIPPLE
mVrms
EFF.
%
INPUT CURRENT (Aac)
208/240 V
MODELS
440/480 V
MODELS
PQ10-600
PQ16-400
PQ20-330
PQ32-200
PQ40-165
PQ50-130
PQ80-82
PQ100-66
PQ125-53
PQ160-41
PQ200-33
PQ250-26
PQ375-17
PQ500-13
PQ625-10
10
16
20
32
40
50
80
100
125
160
200
250
375
500
625
600
400
330
200
165
130
82
66
53
41
33
26
17
13
10
40
40
35
30
35
40
50
55
60
70
80
90
100
130
150
86
86
86
86
87
87
87
87
87
87
87
88
88
88
88
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12

5
3.3 KW MODELS AND RATINGS
MODEL
VOLTS
Vdc
AMPS
Adc
RIPPLE
mVrms
EFF.
%
INPUT CURRENT (Aac)
208/240 V
MODELS
440/480 V
MODELS
PQ10-300
PQ16-200
PQ20-165
PQ32-100
PQ40-82
PQ50-65
PQ80-41
PQ100-33
PQ125-26
PQ160-20
PQ200-16
PQ250-13
PQ375-8
PQ500-6
PQ625-5
10
16
20
32
40
50
80
100
125
160
200
250
375
500
625
300
200
165
100
82
65
41
33
26
20
16
13
8
6
5
40
40
35
30
35
40
50
55
60
70
80
90
100
130
150
86
86
86
86
87
87
87
87
87
87
87
88
88
88
88
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
Notes:
1) Rating specified at 208 and 440 V input.
2) Specifications subject to change without notice.