ANK L4 Instructions for use
L4 Headphone Amplifier C-Core
Construction Manual
Version 1.06, June 2019
1-613-822-7188
Copyright © 2019 AudioNote Kits
www.AudioNoteKits.com
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Table of Contents
Section 1 —Introduction ……………………………………………..………………………….…………………… 5
1.1 About ANKits …………………………………………………………..………………………….…………………… 6
1.2 Evolution of the L4 Headphone Amplifier C-Core ……………………………………………………… 7
1.3 Basic Operation of the Amplifier ……………………………………………………..…………… 8
1.3.1 Power Supply ..…………………………………………….……………………………………………… 9
1.3.2 The ECF80/EL84 Line and Output Amplification Stages …………………………… 9
1.3.3 Output Transformers ……………………………………………………….……………..………… 9
1.4 Equipment ……………………………..…………………………………………………………………………… 10
1.4.1 Overview of the Kit ……………………………………………………….………….…………… 10
1.5 Tips and Suggestions …………………………………………………….………….…………………………… 10
1.5.1 Soldering …………………………………………………….……….……………………………… 10
1.5.2 Components ……………………….…………………………….……………………………………… 11
1.5.3 Resistor Sizes ……………………………………………….……….…………………………………… 11
1.5.4 Capacitor Voltage Ratings ……………………………………………..…………………… 11
1.5.5 Electrolytic Capacitors ………………………………………………………………………………… 11
1.5.6 Diodes ………………………………………….……………………………..………………………………… 12
1.5.7 Hardware/Mechanical ………………………………………………………………………………… 12
1.5.8 Wire Stripping and Tinning …………………………………………………………………… 13
1.5.9 Wire Color ……………………………………………………..……………….……………………… 13
1.5.10 Optional Finishing Touches …………………………..……………….……………………… 13
1.6 Build Process …………………………………………………………………………….…………………..………… 14
1.6.1 Some Good Rules of Thumb for Building Your Headphone Amplifier …14
1.6.2 Organization of this Manual ………………………………………………………..…….…… 14
1.6.3 Electrical Safety Warning ………………………………………………………..…….…… 16
Section 2 —Feet, IEC and, Rocker Switch Installation ………………….……………………… 17
2.1 Overview …………………………………………………………………………..………..….………………..…17
2.2 Feet Installation ……………………………………………………………..………..….………………..…18
2.3 IEC and Rocker Switch Installation …………………..…………………………….…..………..…… 19
2.3.1 Preparing and Installing the Mains Ground Wire …………….……...…….…20
2.4 IEC PCB Wiring ………………………………………….……………………………………………..…….…………… 21
Section 3 —Mains Transformer and IEC PCB installation ……..……………………… 24
3.1 Mains Transformer Installation ……………………………………………….………….……………………… 25
3.2 Connecting and Mounting the IEC PCB …………………………………………..………………………… 27
3.3 Preparing the Mains Secondary Wires …………………………..………………………………………… 30
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Section 4 —Choke installation ….…….…………………………….…………………………….….....….. 31
4.1 Choke Installation ….…….………………………………………….…………………………….…...…... 31
Section 5 —Power Supply PCB Installation ….…….…………………………………......….. 32
5.1 Overview …………………………………………………………………………..………..….……………..…32
5.2 Parts List …………………………………………………………………………..………..….……………..…33
5.3 Building the Power Supply PCB ….…….………………………………….………….………………….….. 33
5.3.1 Mounting the Power Supply PCB …….….....…………..……………..…............. 35
5.4 Power Supply PCB Interwiring ……………...............……………….…………..…..…………............ 36
Section 6 —ECF80/EL84 PCB Installation ….…….……………………..………….…...….. 38
6.1 Overview …………………………………………………………………………..………..….………..…..…38
6.2 Building the ECF80/EL84 PCB ….…….………………….………..…………....……….………...….….. 39
6.2.1 Tube Socket Installation …………...............………….………............................. 40
6.2.2 Resistor Installation …………...............………..................……………………………...... 41
6.2.3 Capacitor and Diode Installation ……….……….…………............................... 43
Section 7 —RCA Jacks Installation ….…….………………………………………..…….…...….. 46
7.1 Mounting the RCA Jacks ….………….........................................................…………..…… 46
Section 8 —Attenuator Installation and RCA Jacks Wiring ….……….....……..….. 47
8.1 Attenuator Installation ….……...........................................................................................…... .…47
8.1.1 Preparing the AN-A Cable …………….................………...................................... 47
8.1.2 Wiring the Attenuators ….................………................................................................... 50
8.1.3 Mounting the Attenuators ….................………................................................... 53
8.1.4 Wiring the RCA Jacks ….....……………................……………….…................................. 53
Section 9 —Headphone Jacks Installation ….…………………………………………..….... 55
9.1 Mounting the Headphone Jacks ….…………...........................................………..…..……………… 55
9.1.1 Wiring the Headphone Jacks ….....………………................….................................. 55
Section 10 —Output Transformers Installation ….....………………..................... 57
10.1 Output Transformers Installation ….…...………….…………….………...……………….…… 57
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Section 11 —Interwiring ….....……………………………………..…................….................................. 58
11.1 ECF80/EL84 PCB Interwiring …....………………………………………….…….……………...……... 58
11.1.1 Mounting the ECF80/EL84 PCB ………………………………………………….…........…… 58
11.1.2 Left/Right Channel Orientation ….....………...............………………............................ 58
11.1.3 Power Supply PCB and Mains to ECF80/EL84 PCB Interwiring ……....…… 59
11.1.4 Output Transformers to ECF80/EL84 PCB Interwiring …..........................… 60
11.1.5 Attenuator Interwiring …….....................................................................................…. 63
11.2 LED Installation and Wiring ….............……………………………………..……..….......….…..….. 64
11.3 Interwiring Chart …....………................…………………………………….…………..……….…….. 65
Section 12 —Testing ….....………………................….................................................................. 67
12.1 Power On and Voltage Checks ….………….…….………….….………………..……….……………….. 68
12.1.1 Mains Fuse ……..................……................………….……………………………………....... 68
12.1.2 Supply Voltages ……...........……................……….………………………................. 69
12.2 Install the Tubes ….....…………………………....................….…………………………………...... 69
12.2.1 Rectifier Tubes Voltages ...........…….......…………………….............................. 69
12.2.2 Output Tubes Cathode Voltages …….......……………………......................................... 70
Section 13 —Finishing Touches ….....……………………………................….................................. 71
13.1 Final Assembly ….....…………………………....................………………………………….………………….. 71
13.1.1 Gold Knob Installation ……..................……................…………………………………....... 71
13.2 System Configuration Options ….....……..............………………………………….………………….. 71
Section 14 —Final Thoughts ….....…………………..………................….................................. 72
14.1 Congratulations ….………………………….……………………….……………....………………….. 72
14.2 Cables …………………………….………………………….……………………….……………....………………….. 72
14.3 Tube Rolling ………………….…..................……...............……….................................................... 72
14.3.1 ECF80 and EL84 ………………….…..................…….............……………………...................... 72
14.3.2 GZ34 ………………….…..................……...............……….................................................... 72
14.4 Headphones …………………................................……....................................………..…................ 73
14.5 Thanks ………………………………................................……...............……………................................... 73
Appendix ……………………………………………..…………………………………………....….……….……….…… 74
A.1 Resistor Color Code Reference ……………………………………………………………….…..…….…… 75
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Section 1
Introduction
Congratulations on your purchase of the DIY version of the ANKits L4 Headphone Amplifier C-
Core. This is very high end and sophisticated piece of audio equipment that will surely become
the showpiece of your sound system! We are excited that you have chosen to join us on the path
of audio superiority, and thus, we have created this manual to help guide you through each step
of the assembly process with as much detail and clarity as possible. To facilitate the build
process, the manual has been divided into a number of sections, each focusing on a separate
aspect of the system; follow through the sections in order and we guarantee you not only a
problem free experience, but a pleasant time doing so. If you are new to building kits, or if at any
time you feel as though you need help or advice, feel free to contact us and we will do whatever it
takes to get you on the right track.
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1.1 About ANK Audio Kits
Audio Note (UK) started out in the early '90s developing several DIY audio kits while they were
building up their finished product business. DIY Audio has a long history and it was an
opportunity for knowledgeable customers to take advantage of world class designs and
components. Audio Note (UK) was focused on using the very finest materials and components
custom-made to their specifications, across their entire product line —from custom film and
electrolytic capacitors to tantalum resistors, transformers, binding posts, wires, etc. The Kit1
300B Single Ended integrated amplifier was born during development of the Meishu and it
proved to be extremely popular worldwide. The ANKit business was born!
As the finished product business and dealer network started to flourish, Audio Note (UK)
eventually moved the kit business off into a separate division; thus, in 2004, Audio Note Kits
started up and was supported by a website so that customers not located near Audio Note (UK)
dealers could order kits and have them shipped direct. Kit development continued in earnest
during the 2000s with development assisted by Audio Note (UK) engineering. Audio Note (UK)
parts were used throughout the kits, depending on the various levels and budgets. By 2013, ANK
Audio Kits (as it came to be called) had developed a wide product range covering all areas of two
channel audio: a single-ended 300B product line, an EL34 classAB and single-ended product line,
digital to analog converters, pre-amplifiers, Phono stages, and Audio Note (UK) speaker kits. The
end result today is that customers worldwide with DIY skills can now build an entire high end
audio system to their liking. With the introduction of higher levels in 2013 and the release of the
Level 5 Mentor Pre-amplifier and the DAC 5.1 Signature, some customers wanted these high end
products assembled by a professional builder. As a result, ANK Audio Kits began offering this
service for Level 4 and 5 products so that a significant investment in a kit could be turned into a
work of art! Since ANK Audio Kits was born in 2004, over 2,500 kits have been shipped to
customers worldwide. Clearly, there is a real demand for high end audio kits and ANK Audio Kits
has been delivering the goods now for 15 years.
We believe and hope that you will have a great experience building your kit and we look forward
to hearing from you about your experience.
Regards,
Brian Smith —Director ANK Audio Kits
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1.2 Evolution of the L4 Amplifier C-Core
ANKits is pleased to announce the new L4 Headphone Amplifier C-Core. Who doesn't love
intimate listening to the rich and revealing sound of favorite music through a beautiful high
quality headphone amplifier and a fine set of headphones.
This is an amplifier we've wanted to develop for some time. After years of thought and
development, the new L4 Headphone Amplifier C-Core is a reality. Built around the gorgeous
EL84 pentode, introduced by Mullard in 1954, the L4 Headphone Amplifier C-Core features a dual
5AR4/GZ34 rectified Power Supply, a high quality input and buffer stage, and the EL84 output
stage. producing 9 beautiful Class A watts through our amazing custom-designed triple C-Core
output transformers, which allow for maximum signal energy transfer. The 50 Ohms headphone
output is well suited to a wide variety of headphones. It's the ultimate headphone amp!
We are using a thick aluminum chassis powder coated black for serious robustness and the
majority of components fit onto two thick high quality printed circuit boards: the Power Supply
board and the Main board, with holds the line input and output stages.
The kit is not overly complex and we believe that this manual will enable even new audio
builders to assemble it successfully. For the first time builder, you will start by installing the
large Mains transformer and Choke in the chassis and hooking up the AC socket, rocker switch,
and our new IEC board. Our detailed manual will walk you carefully through all the required
steps —then, you can start on the build of the PCBs. The goal, of course, is to carefully install the
resistors, capacitors and other parts into the correct positions and to make sure that the wiring
between the various functional parts of the amplifier (what we call the "interwiring") is correct.
Then finally, we'll install the C-Core output transformers, install and wire the input and output
connectors and the beautiful dual Khozmo step attenuators, and the front panel controls —and
then we'll test everything.
One of the key aspects of ANK Audio Kits success is our terrific support. We're always here to
help you. So, rest assured, we'll make sure you succeed!
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1.3 Basic Operation of the Amplifier
The Audio Signal enters the amplifier via the RCA jacks on the back of the unit - the left and right
audio go directly to the inputs of the Khozmo attenuators on the front of the chassis.
The output of the Khozmo attenuators connect to the ECF80/EL84 PCB and the amplified signal
connects to the Output Transformers (OTP-A and OTP-B) Primary —the Secondary or “output” of
the Output Transformer connects to the headphone jacks. That is the complete audio path of the
L4 Headphone Amplifier C-Core.
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1.3.1 Power Supply
The goal was to design a power supply that will provide superior dynamics, detail and a Black
background. It consists of the Mains transformer and Choke, IEC and rocker switch —the AC
120V (North America) enters the amplifier through the IEC and is sent to the Primary of the
Mains transformer where it is converted to various AC voltages that are required by the
amplifier.
The Power Supply PCB consists of two 5AR4/GZ34 tube rectifiers and a pair of high quality
Mundorf Mlytic Power Supply Capacitors. The dual rectification brings a smoothness to the
sonics that will make you addicted to tube rectification. The first AC voltage is 0-510 AC which is
used to create the HT (High Tension) or maximum DC voltage that is required for the tubes to
operate. The transformer also creates 12.6V AC, 6.3V AC and 5.0V AC voltages which are used to
supply circuitry on the ECF80/EL84 PCB.
1.3.2 The ECF80/EL84 Line and Output Amplification Stages
The main ECF80/EL84 PCB has been designed to take the line input signal from the RCA jacks on
the back of the amplifier and amplify it in a push pull configuration in pure class A. Very high
quality resistors —including two very high quality 48-step Khozmo attenuators, capacitors,
tube sockets and associated parts are used to provide a low noise signal to the EL84 output stage.
The tubes are the ECF80/6BL8 and EL84/6BQ5 which are available for swapping in many readily
available and audiophile grades.
1.3.3 Output Transformers
The triple C-Core output transformers are very high quality and bring a weight and authority to
the EL84 sound that must be experienced. The result is outrageous dynamics, subtleties and
sensitivity.
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1.3 Equipment
Here is the list of equipment that will be required:
Philips screwdriver
A pair of quality wire strippers
A large, organized work area
Soldering iron station with wet sponge
Lead-based solder (4% Silver is recommended)
1.3.1 Overview of the Kit
In your kit you will find a series of kit bags containing all the hardware, wire, and parts for the
associated sections of the amplifier. See the Parts List files on the disk to match up the parts in
the kit bags with the lists. There is also a Master list for the kit.
1.4 Tips and Suggestions
We have learned a lot about kit building over the last decade from our customers and I'd like to
share some tips with you to ensure a successful project. Please read through this section
thoroughly, it will give you a good idea of what's ahead and help ensure your success!
1.4.1 Soldering
We highly recommend using lead-based solder with some silver content1on the build. You
should use lead-free ONLY if you are experienced using it and confident. Lead-free solder
requires a higher melting temperature and thus is more difficult to use. We don’t recommend
lead-free solder for first-time builders.
We suggest that you practice your soldering before starting on the kit. Feel free to request
practice parts with your kit so that you can practice tinning wires and making nice solder joints.
The key is a good soldering station with a sponge, the right temperature, a good size tip, and
experience; remember, tips can wear out so make sure your tip is working. (You can also check
out YouTube videos for soldering lessons and examples.) The solder should flow freely; if it’s
forming balls then there is likely a problem with the tip, the temperature, or (sometimes) the
surface. Feel free to contact us for help!
1For example, WBT-0800.
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1.4.2 Components
Using the Ohm setting on your multimeter is very useful when building a kit. It's a good,
practical way of measuring resistors and continuity and is much easier than reading the color
codes on the side. (With practice, the color codes can also be a good way to determine the
resistance, but that method is better left to experienced builders.)
1.4.3 Resistor Sizes
Resistors today, particularly metal film resistors, are often smaller than you might expect. It
used to be that the difference between a 1/2W and a 1W resistor was obvious: the 1W was
considerably larger. That way of looking at things sometimes now no longer applies. Please be
assured that all resistors supplied with ANK Audio Kits are rated at least per the specified
wattage: in some cases, a higher than specified wattage may be supplied.
1.4.4 Capacitor Manufacturers and Voltage Ratings
Occasionally, depending on parts availability, we may use capacitors from different
manufacturers. These will always be of equal or higher quality! As a result, some of the pictures
in the manual may look a bit different at times. With regard to voltage ratings, normally, the
voltage rating of the supplied capacitors will be exactly what you see on the parts lists.
Occasionally, a part may be supplied with a higher voltage. Think nothing of it!
1.4.5 Electrolytic Capacitors
For those who have not built a piece of electronics before, here is a little lesson on capacitors.
There are basically two types of capacitors that we use in the kits: electrolytic and signal
capacitors. Of these, electrolytic capacitors require special attention. Electrolytic capacitors are
“polarized,” which means they have a POSITIVE (+) and a NEGATIVE (–) lead and typically have
values like 100uf 450V, 10uf 160V, or 470uf 35V.
These capacitors need to be installed correctly or
else they will possibly blow up at some point!
Each electrolytic capacitor will have a
wide stripe
on the NEGATIVE side. Always ensure that this
stripe (NEGATIVE) is positioned correctly. There are several keys on a printed circuit board to
help you to know how to position the capacitor:
1. There may be a "+" on the board indicating where to position the POSITIVE lead.
2. The segmented half of the circular stencil on the board shows where to position the
NEGATIVE lead. The unsegmented ('half-moon') part of the circle is where the POSITIVE
lead goes.
3. The POSITIVE lead goes to a square solder pad while the NEGATIVE lead goes to a round
solder pad.
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1.4.6 Diodes
When installing diodes note that they are oriented with a stripe —
match the stripe on the diode
with the banding (||) stencil on the board.
1.4.7 Hardware/Mechanical
Not all of us are mechanically oriented. So, the kit is well laid out such that all the hardware is
provided and bagged in individual sections, so things should make sense. Start thinking
mechanically because about a third of the kit is mechanical. The first thing to remember is that
good hardware is beautiful: we use all stainless steel metric hardware in the kits. It truly is a
thing of beauty: don’t rush your hardware! Here are a few helpful things to understand:
We use British metric hardware (M3, M4, M5, screw size 10mm, 15mm, etc..) as opposed to
the American imperial system (5/1000th or 50/1000th, 1 inch, 3/4 inch). Please familiarize
yourself with the hardware in the kit.
The screws will be called M3 or M4, which is the diameter of the shaft. The length of the
shaft will be in millimeters, so you will encounter things like an M4 screw 16mm, a PAN
head screw (which is a round spherical head), or a COUNTERSUNK or FLAT head screw (a
screw head that needs to be flush with a surface —for example, under a transformer). So
if you are asked to use an M3 16mm CSK screw, this is an M3 size (obviously), which is a
thinner shaft diameter than an M4; 16mm is the length of the shaft; and the head type is
CSK, which is a countersunk or flat head screw.
Once you have the screws mastered, look at the matching nuts such as M4 nut or M3 nut
and corresponding washers.
Standoffs are common in the kits (again, they are either M3 or M4 size, with different
lengths). They are typically threaded, so the screw goes into them.
If any of the hardware is confusing or something is not fitting right, please email us.
1.4.8 Wire Stripping and Tinning
When it comes to wires, we typically use 18 gauge (thicker) and 22 gauge in the kits. It's PTFE:
Teflon silver-plated copper wire. Basically this is classed as hook-up wire; we typically twist
wire for you when it needs to be. The other wire we use is called shielded cable, like an AN-A
(Audio Note (UK)) for signals. This is two-conductor wire: one is for the signal and the other (a
big ground braid wrapped around the signal wire) is the shielding, which helps prevent the cable
from picking up noise. You should practice stripping some 18g or 22g wire, and then try tinning
this wire; this is the process of adding solder to the bare wire so that the invisible coating on the
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wire is burned off. This makes for easy soldering to a PCB, an RCA connector, or a transformer
terminal. So it's a good idea to practice this a little before starting the kit.
1.4.9 Wire Color
In the earlier sections of this manual, particularly those sections dealing with the Mains
transformer and Choke wires, the colors of the wires should match the color of the wires in your
kit. If they don't, or if you're unsure about things, contact audionotekits@rogers.com. Later on,
at the Interwiring stage, there may be some differences between the descriptions (or pictures) of
the color of wires that you will connect and the color of the wires supplied with your kit; for
example, depending on inventory, we may supply a Black–Red twisted pair instead of a Green–
Red (or vice-versa). Don't worry! Just be sure to check the wiring diagrams carefully and
connect the correct points together and all will be well!
1.4.10 Optional Finishing Touches
From time to time we get asked about some of the build details of the ANK Finished Products that
you can see in the pictures in the "Assembled Kits Gallery!" (https://ankits.smugmug.com/) on
our website. It's important to understand that these stunningly beautiful products were done by
an accomplished professional builder with decades of experience and that some particulars of
the build may be beyond most of us. However, experienced builders who want to incorporate
some of these finishing touches should feel free to do so. While we don't officially support or
supply parts for these optional enhancements, there's no reason why you couldn't or shouldn't
do them if you want to and feel that you can handle them. Without getting into the details
(you're on your own here), what you'll want to get hold of are: heatshrink (to bundle wires), cable
ties (to secure large capacitors), stacked (male/female) standoffs and cable clamps (to elevate
and secure signal cables), and cable sleeving. You can get some of these from your local
hardware store (for example, 1/4" Cable Clamps) and other, more specialized, parts from online
distributors such as Grainger, Digi-Key, Mouser, or Cable Ties and More. If you do decide to dress
your build with some of these, please send us a picture or two. We'd love to see what you did!
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1.6 Build Process
1.6.1 Some Good Rules of Thumb for Building Your Headphone Amplifier
Take your time, prepare, and try and work on a small task each time you start to build
the kit.
Instead of rushing through a second section —use the end of the session time to check
your work. Always ask yourself if the step you are performing makes sense.
Have fun with your build and savour the experience. Take the time to do a really good job!
Feel free to contact us via email audionotekits@rogers.com if you have any questions or
suggestions during your build —and feel free to send us pictures, etc. We can give you
tips along the way.
1.6.2 Organization of this Manual
We have divided the build up into the following sections:
1. Introduction
2. Feet, IEC and Rocker Switch Installation
3. Mains Transformer and IEC PCB Installation
4. Choke Installation
5. Power Supply PCB Installation
6. ECF80/EL84 PCB Installation
7. RCA Jacks Installation
8. Attenuator Installation and RCA Jacks Wiring
9. Headphone Jacks Installation
10. Output Transformers Installation
11. Interwiring
12. Testing
13. Finishing Touches
14. Final Thoughts
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Here's another way of looking at how the manual is organized and how the sections fit into the 'big
picture': the main sections are mapped so that they mirror how the components will be positioned in the
amplifier chassis:
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1.6.3 Electrical Safety Warning
Electrical Safety Warning
There are sufficient voltages in this kit to give you a very nasty and harmful shock so be careful
when powering on, debugging, and probing around.
Please be aware of proper electrical safety. Please contact AudioNote kits via phone or email
(audionotekits@rogers.com) to discuss any precautions necessary when building the kit if you
feel unsure about what you are doing at any stage of the build.
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Section 2
Feet, IEC, and Rocker Switch Installation
2.1 Overview
In this and the following section we will install the feet, IEC socket, rocker switch, IEC board, and
the Choke, as well as make the important initial connections to the Mains transformer and
install it in the chassis.
When you receive the kit you will have a series of kit bags. In the following sections we'll be
using the:
Hardware bag (made up of individual bags for each section of the kit)
IEC bag (containing the Rocker Switch, IEC and premade cables, fuses, etc.)
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2.2 Feet Installation
Let's start by installing the 4 rubber feet into the holes in the 4 corners of the chassis —using the
hardware provided in the “Feet” bag in the big Hardware bag.
Use an M4 Phillips Head screw along with the big washer on the outside of the foot and then a
M4 nut and M4 serrated washer against the chassis on the inside of the chassis.
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2.3 IEC and Rocker Switch Installation
Now let's install the input AC receptacle (IEC plug) in the rear of the chassis. Use 2 small
Phillips Head screws and nuts for the AC receptacle.
Here you can see the correct installation of the IEC plug in the rear of the chassis along with the
rocker switch.
Note the orientation of the rocker switch with the two larger lugs towards the centre of the
amplifier, then just push the self-locking switch into the chassis.
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2.3.1 Preparing and Installing the Mains Ground Wire
Referencing the picture below,
Cut the Green wire coming out of the Mains Primary to not less than 20 cm". This will be long
enough to reach the chassis ground. Strip and tin the end and solder a ground lug to the end.
We'll attach it to the chassis a bit later.
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