Anritsu MW82119B User manual

Measurement Guide
PIM Master™
Passive Intermodulation Analyzer
with Site Master™ Cable &
Antenna Analyzer Option
MW82119B
Anritsu Company
490 Jarvis Drive
Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809
USA
http://www.anritsu.com
Part Number: 10580-00402
Revision: E
Published: December 2017
Copyright 2014, 2017 Anritsu Company

MW82119B MG PN: 10580-00402 Rev. E Safety-1
Safety Symbols
To prevent the risk of personal injury or loss related to equipment malfunction, Anritsu
Company uses the following symbols to indicate safety-related information. For your own
safety, please read the information carefully before operating the equipment.
Symbols Used in Manuals
Safety Symbols Used on Equipment and in Manuals
The following safety symbols are used inside or on the equipment near operation locations to
provide information about safety items and operation precautions. Ensure that you clearly
understand the meanings of the symbols and take the necessary precautions before operating
the equipment. Some or all of the following five symbols may or may not be used on all
Anritsu equipment. In addition, there may be other labels attached to products that are not
shown in the diagrams in this manual.
Danger
This indicates a risk from a very dangerous condition or procedure that
could result in serious injury or death and possible loss related to equipment
malfunction. Follow all precautions and procedures to minimize this risk.
Warning This indicates a risk from a hazardous condition or procedure that could
result in light-to-severe injury or loss related to equipment malfunction.
Follow all precautions and procedures to minimize this risk.
Caution
This indicates a risk from a hazardous procedure that could result in loss
related to equipment malfunction. Follow all precautions and procedures to
minimize this risk.
This indicates a prohibited operation. The prohibited operation is indicated
symbolically in or near the barred circle.
This indicates a compulsory safety precaution. The required operation is
indicated symbolically in or near the circle.
This indicates a warning or caution. The contents are indicated symbolically
in or near the triangle.
This indicates a note. The contents are described in the box.
These indicate that the marked part should be recycled.

Safety-2 PN: 10580-00402 Rev. E MW82119B MG
For Safety
Warning Always refer to the operation manual when working near locations at
which the alert mark, shown on the left, is attached. If the operation,
etc., is performed without heeding the advice in the operation
manual, there is a risk of personal injury. In addition, the equipment
performance may be reduced. Moreover, this alert mark is sometimes
used with other marks and descriptions indicating other dangers.
Warning
When supplying power to this equipment, connect the accessory
3-pin power cord to a 3-pin grounded power outlet. If power is
supplied without grounding the equipment, there is a risk of receiving
a severe or fatal electric shock.
Warning
This equipment can not be repaired by the operator. Do not attempt to
remove the equipment covers or to disassemble internal
components. Only qualified service technicians with a knowledge of
electrical fire and shock hazards should service this equipment.
There are high-voltage parts in this equipment presenting a risk of
severe injury or fatal electric shock to untrained personnel. In
addition, there is a risk of damage to precision components.
Caution
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can damage the highly sensitive
circuits in the instrument. ESD is most likely to occur as test devices
are being connected to, or disconnected from, the instrument’s front
and rear panel ports and connectors. You can protect the instrument
and test devices by wearing a static-discharge wristband.
Alternatively, you can ground yourself to discharge any static charge
by touching the outer chassis of the grounded instrument before
touching the instrument’s front and rear panel ports and connectors.
Avoid touching the test port center conductors unless you are
properly grounded and have eliminated the possibility of static
discharge.
Repair of damage that is found to be caused by electrostatic
discharge is not covered under warranty.
Warning This product is supplied with a rechargeable battery that could
potentially leak hazardous compounds into the environment. These
hazardous compounds present a risk of injury or loss due to
exposure. Anritsu Company recommends removing the battery for
long-term storage of the instrument and storing the battery in a
leak-proof, plastic container. Follow the environmental storage
requirements specified in the product technical data sheet.

MW82119B MG PN: 10580-00402 Rev. E Contents-1
Table of Contents
Chapter 1—General Information
1-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Scope of the PIM Master Measurement Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1-2 Contacting Anritsu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1-3 What is PIM? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Power in dBm and dBc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
1-4 Why Test for PIM? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Line Sweeping and PIM testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Causes of PIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
PIM Testing Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
1-5 PIM Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Recommended Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
1-6 Performing IM2 Measurements (Option 902 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
1-7 Test Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
Chapter 2—Typical Analyzer Setup
2-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2-2 Turning On the PIM Master for the First Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2-3 Passive Intermodulation (PIM) Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Preparing for PIM Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2-4 Calibrating the PIM Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Verifying Residual PIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Verifying the PIM Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Verifying the PIM Test Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Checking for External Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Making PIM Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Measurement Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Adding a Limit Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
2-5 Setting Up Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2-6 Saving Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2-7 Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2-8 Measurements Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Test Submenu Key During Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
2-9 Limit Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2-10 Calibrate Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2-11 Other Calibrations Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

Contents-2 PN: 10580-00402 Rev. E MW82119B MG
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 3—PIM versus Time
3-1 Introduction – PIM versus Time Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3-2 Trace Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3-3 PIM vs. Time Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Configure the PIM Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
PIM Summary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Bar Graph of Instantaneous PIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3-4 Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3-5 Sample of PIM versus Time Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Measurement with Pass Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
3-6 Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
3-7 Frequency (Freq) Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
3-8 Amplitude Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
3-9 Setup Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
3-10 Marker Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Chapter 4—Noise Floor Measurements
4-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4-2 Noise Floor Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4-3 Performing the Noise Floor Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4-4 Noise Floor Time View Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Noise Floor Measurement with No External Interference . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
External Interference Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
4-5 Noise Floor Spectrum View Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Saving a Noise Floor Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4-6 Noise Floor Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Measurements Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Chapter 5—Distance-to-PIM (DTP)
5-1 Introduction – Distance-to-PIM (DTP) Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5-2 DTP Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
F1 and F2 Carrier Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Dmax and Data Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
DTP Parameter Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5-3 Post-Calibration Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
5-4 DTP Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5-5 Making a DTP Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

MW82119B MG PN: 10580-00402 Rev. E Contents-3
Table of Contents (Continued)
5-6 Trace Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
DTP/DTP Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
DTP/DTF Overlay (Manual Method) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
DTP/DTF Overlay (Automatic Method) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Overlay Using Line Sweep Tools Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
5-7 Enhanced Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
5-8 Menu Map 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
5-9 Menu Map 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
5-10 Distance Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
Distance Menu Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
5-11 DTP Aid Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
5-12 DTP Setup Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
5-13 Cable List Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20
Confirmation Clear All Favorites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
Cable List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
Favorites (in Cable List) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
5-14 Windowing Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
5-15 DTP Amplitude Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24
5-16 Setup Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25
5-17 Units Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26
Measurements Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26
5-18 Marker Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
5-19 Resolution Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
5-20 Cable Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
DTP Parameters window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
5-21 Trace Submenu Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29
5-22 Reference (Limit) Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Chapter 6—Trace
6-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6-2 DTP/DTP Trace Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
DTP/DTP Trace Overlay Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6-3 DTP/DTF Trace Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
DTP/DTF Trace Overlay Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Automatic DTP/DTF Trace Overlay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
6-4 Trace Menu, Distance-to-PIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Select Color Choice Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Valid Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6-5 Trace Menu, Noise Floor - Spectrum View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

Contents-4 PN: 10580-00402 Rev. E MW82119B MG
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 7—Swept PIM
7-1 Introduction – Swept PIM Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7-2 Swept PIM Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Configure the PIM Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
7-3 Making the Swept PIM Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
7-4 Measurement Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
7-5 Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
7-6 Frequency (Freq) Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
Swept PIM Aid Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Swept PIM Parameters Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
7-7 Amplitude Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
7-8 Setup Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
7-9 Marker Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Measurements Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Appendix A—PIM Carrier Bands
A-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
A-2 PIM Master Carrier Bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Appendix B—Windowing
B-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
B-2 Distance-to-PIM (DTP) Windowing Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
DTP Rectangular Windowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
DTP Nominal Side Lobe Windowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
DTP Low Side Lobe Windowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
DTP Minimum Side Lobe Windowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Index

MW82119B MG PN: 10580-00402 Rev. E 1-1
Chapter 1 — General Information
1-1 Introduction
Anritsu developed the MW82119B PIM Master, with Site Master option, to fully characterise
the RF performance of transmission systems with a single test instrument. The PIM Master
is able to measure: PIM versus Time, Noise Floor, Distance-to-PIM (DTP), and Swept PIM.
When equipped with Option 331, the PIM Master can also perform Return Loss, VSWR,
Cable Loss, and Distance-to-Fault (DTF) measurements, similar to a Site Master S331E.
Scope of the PIM Master Measurement Guide
This Measurement Guide describes the operation of the PIM Master MW82119B, battery
operated PIM Analyzer for performing PIM measurements. For Cable and Antenna Analyzer
measurements enabled by Option 331, please refer to the Cable and Antenna Analyzer
Measurement Guide (P/N 10580-00241).
1-2 Contacting Anritsu
To contact Anritsu, please visit:
http://www.anritsu.com/contact-us
Here, you can find sales, customer service, and support contact information for your country
or region, provide online feedback, complete a “Talk to Anritsu” form to have your questions
answered, or obtain other services offered by Anritsu.
Updated product information can be found on the Anritsu web site:
http://www.anritsu.com/
Search for the product model number. The latest documentation is on the product page under
the Library tab.
Example URL for MW82119B:
http://www.anritsu.com/en-us/products-solutions/products/MW82119B.aspx
Note
Throughout this user guide, screen images are provided as examples. The image
and measurement details on your instrument may differ from the examples in this
user guide.
Note PIM is a measure of system linearity as compared to line sweeping, which is a
measure of system impedance. Both tests are critical to validate a cellular system.

1-3 What is PIM? Chapter 1 — General Information
1-2 PN: 10580-00402 Rev. E MW82119B MG
1-3 What is PIM?
PIM is a form of intermodulation distortion that occurs in passive components normally
thought of as linear, such as filters, combiners, surge protectors, cables, connectors, and
antennas. When subject to the high RF powers found in cellular systems, however, these
devices can generate spurious signals.
Passive Intermodulation (PIM) shows up as a set of unwanted signals created by the mixing
of two or more strong RF signals in a non-linear device, such as in a loose or corroded
connector, or in nearby rust. Other names for PIM include the “diode effect” and the “rusty
bolt effect”.
Many symptoms that could be indicators of PIM problems include the following:
•Receiver desensitization (raised noise floor)
•Rx Diversity alarms
•Spectral regrowth in the transmitter mask
•Excessive dropped or blocked calls, or both
•Reduced data rates
•Cell site coverage shrinking
•Complaints of interference from neighboring cell site owners
PIM signals in the cell receive band can raise the receive noise floor, increase the bit error
rate, and shrink the reception area for cellular communications. PIM can come from
junctions; from improperly tightened, damaged, or corroded connectors; from filters,
combiners, and surge protectors; and from damaged antennas. Other sources include rusty
components, such as mounts and bolts or nearby metal structures.
Power in dBm and dBc
A measurement reading in dBm is absolute power. A measurement value with units of dBc is
relative power.
For example, if you set TX1and TX2to 43 dBm and get a measurement result of –120 dBm
(the measurement result as absolute power), this represents a relative power of –163 dBc.
The calculation is as follows:
–120 dBm – 43 dBm = –163 dBc
[measured power in dBm] minus [transmitted power in dBm]
equals [relative power in dBc]
The term relative power, in this example, is referring to the original output power setting of
43 dBm. When stated in units of dBc, the received PIM power is relative to (is being compared
to) the transmitted power level of one test tone. The difference between the transmitted
power (in dBm) and the measured PIM power (in dBm) is the relative power, which is then
expressed in units of dBc.
Note The use of dBc units is not applicable to Noise Floor measurements, because the
transmitters are not On during this measurement.