Archive OEC UroView 2800 User manual

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Circuit/Mechanical Descriptions.....................................................................................................................................................3
Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................................3
Power-on Sequence......................................................................................................................................................................6
Exception handling........................................................................................................................................................................6
CANbus.........................................................................................................................................................................................6
Rotor Control and Braking.............................................................................................................................................................7
High Speed Rotation.................................................................................................................................................................7
Tube Heat Sensing........................................................................................................................................................................7
X-Ray On/Disable..........................................................................................................................................................................7
Generator Control..........................................................................................................................................................................8
Manual kVp Control ..................................................................................................................................................................8
Manual mA/mAs Control...........................................................................................................................................................9
Auto Fluoro Mode ...................................................................................................................................................................10
Auto Brightness Stabilization Control (ABS)...........................................................................................................................10
Pulse.......................................................................................................................................................................................12
Low Dose................................................................................................................................................................................13
X-Ray Footswitch....................................................................................................................................................................14
Fault Isolation.................................................................................................................................................................................15
Functional Tests.............................................................................................................................................................................17
Beam Alignment Verification .......................................................................................................................................................17
Fluoro Alignment.....................................................................................................................................................................17
Film Alignment........................................................................................................................................................................17
Disassembly ...........................................................................................................................................................................18
X-Ray Stator Test........................................................................................................................................................................20
kVp/mA Servo Loop Test ............................................................................................................................................................20
Auto Technique Tracking ............................................................................................................................................................21
Boost ...........................................................................................................................................................................................21
Pulsed Boost ...............................................................................................................................................................................22
Verify Fluoro Timer and Timer Test.............................................................................................................................................22
Generator PCB LEDs .....................................................................................................................................................................23
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................................23
kV Measure PCB.........................................................................................................................................................................23

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Filament Drive PCB.....................................................................................................................................................................25
Rotation PCB...............................................................................................................................................................................27
Indicators ................................................................................................................................................................................29
J2 Wiring.................................................................................................................................................................................29
Gate CMD PCB ...........................................................................................................................................................................30
kV Control PCB ...........................................................................................................................................................................32
Switches and Jumpers............................................................................................................................................................33
Indicators ................................................................................................................................................................................33
AC/DC 3-Phase PCB ..................................................................................................................................................................34
AC/DC Single Phase PCB...........................................................................................................................................................36
AEC PCB V2 ...............................................................................................................................................................................38
IGBT PCB....................................................................................................................................................................................40
LVPS-400 PCB............................................................................................................................................................................41

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Circuit/Mechanical Descriptions
Overview
The OEC UroView® 2800 Generator is part of a family of compact high frequency X-Ray generators. The various generators
operate on the following voltage and wattage ranges:
Three Phase
480 VAC
80 kW 65 kW
Three Phase
400 VAC
80 kW 65 kW
Single Phase
208 VAC 40 kW
The generators are capable of handling 1msec to continuous exposures ranging from
1 mA up to 600 mA, with constant potential independent of line voltage variations. Power generation is by a high-frequency
converter (High voltage ripple: 40KHz-140KHz) with low kV and mA ripple, excellent accuracy and dose reproducibility.
The generators also include a thermal load interactive integrator ensuring optimum use of the heat protection curve of the x-ray
tube and feature efficient installation (no generator calibration), and application error codes to ensure fast troubleshooting.
The generator is composed of a high voltage chain including the kV Control PCB, power inverter and HV Tank, Anode Rotation
PCB, Tube Filaments Heater PCB, and a control bus for communication between the functions. A DC bus is utilized for power
distribution to each function, input voltage for DC conversion, an AC/DC function, a low voltage power supply, and application
software, running on the kV Control PCB.
The above high voltage chain components are located in four chassis box compartments of the generator chassis. The Rotation
Module contains the Rotation PCB, while the LVPS-400 module contains the Low Voltage Power Supply and the large and small
Heater Filament PCBs. (Refer to the Generator Assembly Diagram on the following page.)
The AC/DC Module contains the EMC Filters, the AC/DC Power Supply and the Capacitor and Rectifier assembly.

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The inverter block is composed of two assemblies, the High Voltage tank and the Inverter power assembly. The High Voltage
tank contains the kV measure along with high voltage power components and connections for the HV Cables for the X-ray tube.
The Inverter power assembly contains the Generic Interface PCB, AEC PCB, the PPC kV Control PCB, the IGBT PCB and the
Gate Command PCB.
The physical location of the modules within the generator frame assembly is shown in the following illustration. The three
modules on the top level are hinged to swing outward from the chassis frame for easy replacement in case of failure.

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LVPS-400
Single or Three Phase Power Assembly
AC/DC Module
Rotation
Module
HV Power Module
HV Tank
Generator Assembly Diagram

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Power-on Sequence
Generator power-on is achieved by various means, depending on system configuration (circuit breaker, console ON/OFF, PDU
contactor). In all cases, generator power-on starts when input power is applied.
For a three-phase generator, the low voltage power supply utilizes 220V supplied by the system independently of the three-phase
input. It provides +15V to the 15-volt bus (Rotation LEDs DS1andDS2 are turned ON).
The +15V rise triggers the 5V rise on the kV Control, Heater and Rotation PCBs (LED DS3 is turned ON).
For single-phase Generator, a DC voltage (400VDC, DS2 turned on) is provided on the AC/DC PCB to supply the low voltage
power supply (NE1) as soon as the input power is applied. The low voltage power supply starts provides +15V to the 15-volt bus
(Rotation LEDs DS1 and DS2 are turned ON) and the 160VDC (DS1) is provided to the Heater PCB.
The +15V rise triggers the 5V rise on the kV Control, Heater and Rotation PCBs (LED DS3 turned ON).
At this stage, many actions occur in parallel on the other generator PCBs. These actions are described for each PCB within this
manual section.
Exception handling
The generator software performs an auto-test at power up and continuously monitors the correct operation of the generator
functions during application. Any error stored in the error log is reported to the system through a protocol that transfers the error
code.
Errors found can only be reported if the generator is powered on. A list of error codes is contained in the Diagnostics section of
this manual.
CANbus
The CANbus is a network developed and standardized by the automobile industry. Its main purpose is to transport short
command messages with a guaranteed latency and without any information loss. Defined for small systems, it does not require
large amounts of software to encode and decode the messages.
The CANbus is used for communications between the Table/Generator Interface PCB and the generator.

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Rotor Control and Braking
The rotation function involves the Rotation PCB, the rotation capacitors module and the tube stator. The high-speed Rotation
PCB utilizes a low speed of 60 Hz for 3600 rpm and 160 Hz for 9600 rpm.
High Speed Rotation
Since the rotation function is regulated by an inverter that consists of six Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs). The inverter
drive uses Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) for the IGBT commands. A periodic command is sent to the IGBTs equal to the speed
selected to generate a sine wave current in each phase at the anode speed frequency with the optimum angle between the
phases.
The rotation drive mainly relies on a micro-controller that is in charge of the rotation functions, including getting the power-up
rotation database containing the data required to drive the stator (through the CAN Bus). The database also contains current
references for each state, acceleration and brake duration, and current inverter safety levels.
The micro-controller receives speed and braking commands, and controls the rotation accordingly. It measures the inverter
currents, regulates the inverter (fundamental and modulation), and relays error feedback to the main software. It also puts the
rotation in a safe state in case of error, reads the tube safety parameters, and drives tube cooling.
All rotation states are regulated except the brake. Braking includes a state where a DC current is generated in open loop mode,
with the frequency of the commands dependent on the tube and the line voltage.
Tube Heat Sensing
The high-speed Rotation PCB also handles supply and reading of two tube thermo-switches (typically, 80° C). The information is
sent to the main software for appropriate actions based on the tube and system.
X-Ray On/Disable
When an X-ray control is pressed, the X-ray security line logic is checked for a mismatch with the X-ray control by the CPU on
the Table/Generator Interface PCB. If a mismatch occurs between the X-ray security line and the X-ray controls, a TABLE FOOT
SWITCH ERROR message is displayed. (This error applies to the left or right X-ray controls and not to the Mode switch because a
hardware security line is not provided for the mode switch.)

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The generator monitors the X-ray control lines and reports an error if any are active in the standby state.
The X-RAY SWITCH STUCK message is displayed when an X-ray control is sensed in an “on” state (stuck) during system startup. This error
applies to the Left or Right X-ray controls.
Generator Control
Manual kVp Control
The manual kVp control key on the X-Ray Control Console allows manual settings of the kVp value by the operator. When
pressed, the key is sensed by the X-Ray Control Console Switch Matrix. The command to increase or decrease the kVp value is
sent to the console X-Ray Control Console Interface PCB and is delivered to the X-Ray Control Console CPU card plugged into
the X-Ray Control Console Backplane.
The output control signal from the CPU card via the X-Ray Control Interface PCB is then sent via ARCnet to the Table/Generator
Interface Card.
The command to increase or decrease kVp is then relayed by CANbus to the Generator Power Module Generic Interface card.
This “standard” interface PCB provides a CAN bus communication line for command signals between the generator and the
system. The Interface card passes the command to the kV Control PCB.
The kV Control PCB functions as the main control of the generator. The CPU in this card passes the manual kVp command to
the kV Measure PCB, which resides on top of the HV Tank. (The HV Tank is sealed by the kV Measure PCB secured to the top
of it. This PCB must not be removed.) The kV Measure PCB controls the HV Tank by applying a kV Reference to the kV
Measure PCB in preparation for an exposure.
When the exposure is enabled, the kV Control PCB CPU receives the exposure enable signal, applies the filament drive, and
enables the anode rotation function. In addition, it measures kV demand, kV Measure, DC Bus, gate voltage and HV Tank
temperature during the exposure.
The CPU also applies any new kV and mA reference if the parameters are changed manually by the operator.
The exposure control of the CPU starts the HV Power Inverter by driving the HV Tank IGBTs and puts the generator in it’s active
state, regulating the inverter and monitoring the hardware for safety issues.

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Manual mA/mAs Control
The manual mA/mAs control key on the X-Ray Control Console allows manual setting of the mA/mAs value by the operator for
film or fluoroscopy. When pressed, the button code is sensed by the X-Ray Console Switch Matrix. The code to increase or
decrease the mA/mAs value is sent to the X-Ray Control Console Interface PCB and is delivered to the X-Ray Control Console
CPU card plugged into the X-Ray Control Console backplane.
The output command from the CPU card via the X-Ray Control Interface PCB is then sent via ARCnet to the Table/Generator
Interface Card.
The mA/mAs change command is then relayed by CAN bus to the Generator Power Module Generic Interface card. This
“standard” interface PCB provides a CAN bus communication line for command signals between the generator and the system.
The Generic Interface card passes the command to the kV Control PCB.
The mA/mAs command is received by the card CPU along with the kV and exposure time commands. When the CPU receives
the exposure enable signal, it calculates the acquisition filament drive to apply to the tube filament to match the required tube mA.
This calculation is based on the filament drive values stored in the tube database and the interpolation required to calculate the
filament drive for the kV and mA point selected manually by the operator. In addition, the CPU takes into consideration a
correction for aging of the filament.
The CPU then calculates the filament boost required and applies a 400 ms boost duration, followed by the acquisition command
to the filament heater function.
The CPU sends a new filament drive to the heater function each 1ms and updates the mA command if it has been changed by
the operator or a generator algorithm (ABS mode, falling load mode, or variable mA mode). The CPU also checks the accuracy
of the mA value.
When the exposure command goes into the inactive state, the CPU either stays with the last filament drive command value, goes
into a preheat mode for the next exposure or stops filament drive to allow filament cooling before preheating starts. The state of
the CPU depends upon the application called for by the operator from the X-Ray Control Console.

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Auto Fluoro Mode
The Auto Fluoro Mode button on the X-Ray Control Console enables Automatic Brightness Stabilization (ABS) control of the kVp,
mA, and camera gain technique. When the Auto Fluoro Mode button is pressed, the button code is sensed by the X-Ray
Console Switch Matrix. The code is sent to the console X-Ray Control Interface PCB and is delivered to the X-Ray Control
Console CPU card plugged into the X-Ray Control Console backplane.
The output control command from the CPU card via the X-Ray Control Interface PCB is then sent via ARCnet to the CPU of the
Table/Generator Interface Card. While the system is in Auto Fluoro, kV, mA, and Camera gain are automatically adjusted by the
CPU using the standard ABS tables provided by software.
The technique when entering Auto Fluoro (from Manual Fluoro) is selected from the standard ABS table by matching the closest
kVp value to the last Manual setting for kVp.
The system adjusts the technique as necessary so as not to exceed a 20 R/minute dose maximum for all continuous HLF X-rays.
The system also adjusts the technique as necessary so as not to exceed a 10 R/minute dose maximum for all continuous non-HLF
X-rays.
All non-film X-rays begin with non-HLF, continuous X-ray generation. If, on the 3rd frame after X-rays have begun, the image is
stable, the software begins the requested X-ray type: HLF, Pulse Fluoro, Digital Cine or Continuous Fluoro.
If, on the 3rd frame, the image is NOT stable, the software begins an ABS servo with non-HLF, continuous X-ray generation until
Video Stable is achieved. Video Stable is achieved when the image value is within the tolerance value (Video Stable Window) of
the Video Stable as set by Utility Suite software.
Auto Brightness Stabilization Control (ABS)
The Auto Brightness Stabilization (ABS) automatically adjusts kVp, mA, and Camera Gain for an optimal image by comparing the
video level from the camera to a reference level contained in the video level index. The standard functions adjusted are
dependent on the Fluoro mode selected and are shown in the following tables:

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ABS Control during Auto Fluoro Mode
Function Description
kVp ABS adjusts the kVp index value until the video level equals the value
contained in the video level index.
mA ABS adjusts the mA value.
Camera Gain ABS adjusts the Camera Gain
Camera Iris Iris fully open
KVp, mA, and Camera Gain are “looked up” in an ABS table and set accordingly.
ABS Control during Manual Fluoro Mode
Function Description
kVp Manual adjustment of kVp value.
mA Manual adjustment of the mA value.
Camera Gain ABS adjusts the Camera Gain until the video level equals the value
contained in the video level index
Camera Iris Iris fully open

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ABS Control during Pulsed Boost Fluoro Mode
Function Description
kVp kVp frozen at its current value by software.
mA mA is incremented until the video level equals the video level index.
Camera Gain Camera Gain is reduced, and the ABS system adjusts mA to achieve
correct video level. If the correct video level is not reached before the
mA limit is reached, the camera gain is increased.
Camera Iris Iris fully closed.
ABS Control during Boost Fluoro Mode
Function Description
kVp kVp frozen at its current value by software.
mA mA is incremented until the video level equals the video level index.
Camera Gain Camera Gain is reduced, and the ABS system adjusts mA to achieve
correct video level. If the correct video level is not reached before the
mA limit is reached, the camera gain is increased.
Camera Iris Iris fully open.
Pulse
Pulsed X-rays can be used to reduce the total patient radiation exposure, but are not used with film or digital spot mode. A preset
number of X-rays are generated while the Pulse button is pressed. Pulsed X-rays are available to any Fluoro mode, whether
Auto or Manual Fluoro.

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Pressing the Pulse button on the X-Ray Control Console to enable pulsed imaging uses the pulse rate as currently selected from the
Workstation MODE screen. Pulse rates are:
System
Video Rate
Displayed
Rate
Real System
Pulse Rate
Pulse Width
in ms
30 FPS 1 1 50
30 FPS 2 2 50
30 FPS 4 3.75 50
30 FPS 8 7.5 30
30 FPS 15 15 25
25 FPS 1 1 50
25 FPS 2 2.083 50
25 FPS 4 4.167 50
25 FPS 6 6.25 30
25 FPS 12 12.5 25
When pressed, the Pulse button is sensed by the X-Ray Console Switch Matrix. The button code to enable the mode is sent to
the console X-Ray Control Interface PCB and is delivered to the X-Ray Control Console CPU card plugged into the X-Ray
Control Console Backplane. The CPU checks to see if the system is in Film or Digital Spot Mode, or if an exposure is underway,
and if not, allows the Pulse command to be sent.
The output control signal from the CPU card via the X-Ray Control Interface PCB is then sent via ARCnet to the Table/Generator
Interface Card. The state of pulsed imaging is also communicated to the Workstation when the state changes. This is done so the
Workstation Status Indicator bar can indicate that pulsed imaging is enabled.
The pulse command is transferred via CAN bus to the generator interface PCB and passed on to the kV Control PCB. The kV
Control PCB CPU commands the generator to go into pulse mode using the pulse rate set up from the Workstation MODE
screen.
Low Dose
The Low Dose Mode button on the X-Ray Control Console enables Low Dose Automatic Brightness System (ABS) table control
of the kVp, mA, and camera gain technique. Pressing the button turns on the button LED to indicate the mode has been enabled.

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When the Low Dose Mode button is pressed, the button code is sensed by the X-Ray Console Switch Matrix. The code is sent to
the console X-Ray Control Interface PCB and is delivered to the X-Ray Control Console CPU card plugged into the X-Ray
Control Console Backplane.
The output control command from the CPU card via the X-Ray Control Interface PCB is then sent via ARCnet to the
Table/Generator Interface Card. While the system is in Low Dose mode, kV, mA, and Camera gain are automatically adjusted
using the Low Dose ABS tables.
Pressing the Low Dose button a second time turns off its LED and reloads the Standard ABS tables for ABS servo operation.
X-Ray Footswitch
The four-position X-Ray Footswitch controls x-ray exposures and video. The two-position footswitch contains only Fluoro and
High Level Fluoro x-ray control switches. The switches in both footswitches are identical.
When a button on either footswitch is pressed for Fluoro or High Level Fluoro, the button code is sent directly to the
Table/Generator Interface PCB. The interface card sends the button code to its CPU and a command for the selected mode is
relayed via ARCnet to the system for display and execution. The command is sent on the CANbus to the Generator Generic
Interface PCB and then to the kV Control PCB CPU to control the exposure.
The footswitches receive power via the I-Source line. This line delivers current from the Table/Generator Interface card to the
switch. Activation of the footswitch causes current to flow from the I-Source line to the Fluoro line and then through an opto-
isolator on the Table/Generator Interface PCB. When active, this input port calls for the exposure to be made by the system
software.
The Security line is also activated along with the Fluoro line. The processor reads status of the input ports and determines that
one or more of the four security lines is asserted or set high. These lines are the Table, X-ray Console, Collimator, and voice. The
Security line active status is combined with the interlock status to determine if the exposure can proceed.
The Fluoro and High Level Fluoro buttons are also available on the X-ray Control Console. When either button is pressed, the
button code is sensed by the X-Ray Console Switch Matrix. The code is sent to the console X-Ray Control Interface PCB and is
delivered to the X-Ray Control Console CPU card plugged into the X-Ray Control Console Backplane. The output control
command from the CPU card via the X-Ray Control Interface PCB is then sent via ARCnet to the Table/Generator Interface Card.

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Fault Isolation
Test: Failure: Check:
Perform Stator Motor Test DS1 and DS2 are off
No whirring sound? Interlock circuit Analog interface outputs
Error Message displayed Pwr/Mtr relay CB2
Phase Capacitor C5
Stator motor wire harness and transformer.
(See Diagnostics section.)
kVp/mA Servo Loop Test Error message displayed
No manual kV, mA control
Check the ABS control circuitry, camera alignment and image
intensifier
(See Diagnostics section.)
Perform the Auto Technique
Tracking Test
Failed to servo to correct
kVp range with copper filter
inserted
Check the ABS control circuitry, camera alignment and image
intensifier
Perform the Boost Test No audible alarm
mA doesn’t adjust
Image too dark or too light
Check the ABS control circuitry, camera alignment and image
intensifier
Perform the Pulsed Boost
Test
No audible alarm
mA doesn’t adjust
Check the ABS control circuitry, camera alignment and image
intensifier
Perform Fluoro Timer and
Timer Test
Alarm does not reset
Accumulated Timer display
does not reset to 0 after five
second ALARM RESET
button hold
Check configuration of the options.dat file

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Test: Failure: Check:
Perform the Generator
Functional Check
mA, mAs max/min values out
of tolerance.
Perform Generator Performance Check.
Check individual PCB adjustments as shown in Adjustments
section.
(See Diagnostics section.)

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Functional Tests
Beam Alignment Verification
Omit the Film portion of this procedure when verifying Beam Alignment on systems without film capability. For regulatory
purposes, SID measurements are: Film = 45 inches, Fluoro = 47 inches. If Beam Alignment Verification fails, perform a Beam
Alignment procedure. Refer to the Calibration section of the 2800 Service Manual.
Fluoro Alignment
1. With Auto Fluoro enabled, take a NORM field shot and verify all four leaves show in the image.
2. Take a MAG1 field shot and verify all four leaves show in the image.
3. Take a MAG2 field shot and verify all four leaves show in the image.
4. Turn on the Collimator Lamp.
5. Select Fluoro Mode and verify you can collimate to less than 5 cm x 5 cm, as indicated by the illuminated area.
Film Alignment
1. Set the technique to 40 kVp @ 100 mAs and enable AEC mode.
2. Fully open the collimator leaves and then move the leaves inward approximately 1 inch.
3. Take a film exposure and then develop the film.
4. Fold the film and verify longitudinal centering is within 0.45 inches (1% x 45-inch film SID).
5. Fold the film and verify lateral centering is within 0.45 inches.
6. Take another film shot with the collimator leaves fully open. Verify at least three edges of the X-ray beam can be seen on
the film.
7. Turn on the Collimator Lamp.
8. Select Film Mode and verify you can collimate to less than 5 cm x 5 cm, as indicated by the illuminated area.

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Disassembly
The Invasive mA Measure can be made only on the left side of the Inverter Unit. (Refer to the Generator Assembly Diagram in
this section.)
1. Unscrew the screws (see note below) securing the two EMC cover panels (1) on the HV connections side and remove them.
Note: Do not to let screws fall into the HV connector receptacles. Cover the receptacles
with plastic caps.

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2. Put a probe inside the generator on the shunt SH3 (left side of the resistor or the big yellow capacitor in parallel, C8 of kV
Measure PCB on HV Tank (2).
3. Connect a second probe on the mechanical ground (3).
4. Check the resistor value with a multi-meter. It should be 5 ohms (± 0.05).
X-Ray Stator Test
1. Apply power to the system.
Caution: Do not operate the system if the stator motor cannot be heard and is not operating.
2. Verify that the stator motor is rotating by listening for the “whirring” sound coming from the X-ray tube head.
3. Verify that the control Panel does not display the error message “Stator not on.” If the message is displayed, refer to the
Diagnostics section of this manual and correct the problem.
kVp/mA Servo Loop Test
WARNING: Steps within this procedure produce x-rays. Use appropriate precautions.
1. Select MANUAL FLUORO mode and set the technique for 40 kVp @ 4 mA.
2. Verify that the kVp and mA can be controlled using the control panel switches.
3. Press the X-RAY ON switch and verify that no error messages are displayed on the Control Panel Display. If an
error message is displayed, go to the Diagnostics section of this manual and correct the fault.