B+K precision 2194 User manual

2
Safety Summary
The following safety precautions apply to both operating and maintenance personnel and must be followed during all
phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument.
Before applying power to this instrument:
• Read and understand the safety and operational information in this manual.
• Apply all the listed safety precautions.
• Verify that the voltage selector at the line power cord input is set to the correct line voltage. Operating the instrument
at an incorrect line voltage will void the warranty.
• Make all connections to the instrument before applying power.
• Do not operate the instrument in ways not specied by this manual or by B&K Precision.
Failure to comply with these precautions or with warnings elsewhere in this manual violates the safety standards of design,
manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. B&K Precision assumes no liability for a customer’s failure to comply
with these requirements.
Category rating
The IEC 61010 standard denes safety category ratings that specify the amount of electrical energy available and the
voltage impulses that may occur on electrical conductors associated with these category ratings. The category rating is
a Roman numeral of I, II, III, or IV. This rating is also accompanied by a maximum voltage of the circuit to be tested,
which denes the voltage impulses expected and required insulation clearances. These categories are:
Category I (CAT I): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are not intended to be connected to the
mains supply. The voltages in the environment are typically derived from a limited-energy trans-
former or a battery.
Category II (CAT II): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be connected to the mains
supply at a standard wall outlet or similar sources. Example measurement environments are portable
tools and household appliances.
Category III (CAT III): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be connected to the mains
installation of a building. Examples are measurements inside a building’s circuit breaker panel
or the wiring of permanently-installed motors.
Category IV (CAT IV): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be connected to the primary
power entering a building or other outdoor wiring.
Do not use this instrument in an electrical environment with a higher category rating than what is specied in this manual
for this instrument.
You must ensure that each accessory you use with this instrument has a category rating equal to or higher than the
instrument’s category rating to maintain the instrument’s category rating. Failure to do so will lower the category rating
of the measuring system.

3
Electrical Power
This instrument is intended to be powered from a CATEGORY II mains power environment. The mains power should be
115 V RMS or 230 V RMS. Use only the power cord supplied with the instrument and ensure it is appropriate for your
country of use.
Ground the Instrument
To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an electrical safety ground. This
instrument is grounded through the ground conductor of the supplied, three-conductor AC line power cable. The power
cable must be plugged into an approved three-conductor electrical outlet. The power jack and mating plug of the power
cable meet IEC safety standards.
Do not alter or defeat the ground connection. Without the safety ground connection, all accessible conductive parts
(including control knobs) may provide an electric shock. Failure to use a properly-grounded approved outlet and the
recommended three-conductor AC line power cable may result in injury or death.
Unless otherwise stated, a ground connection on the instrument’s front or rear panel is for a reference of potential only
and is not to be used as a safety ground. Do not operate in an explosive or ammable atmosphere.
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of ammable gases or vapors, fumes, or nely-divided particulates.
The instrument is designed to be used in oce-type indoor environments. Do not operate the instrument
• In the presence of noxious, corrosive, or ammable fumes, gases, vapors, chemicals, or nely-divided particulates.
• In relative humidity conditions outside the instrument’s specications.
• In environments where there is a danger of any liquid being spilled on the instrument or where any liquid can condense
on the instrument.
• In air temperatures exceeding the specied operating temperatures.
• In atmospheric pressures outside the specied altitude limits or where the surrounding gas is not air.
• In environments with restricted cooling air ow, even if the air temperatures are within specications.
• In direct sunlight.
This instrument is intended to be used in an indoor pollution degree 2 environment. The operating temperature range is
0∘C to 40∘C and 20% to 80% relative humidity, with no condensation allowed. Measurements made by this instrument
may be outside specications if the instrument is used in non-oce-type environments. Such environments may include
rapid temperature or humidity changes, sunlight, vibration and/or mechanical shocks, acoustic noise, electrical noise,
strong electric elds, or strong magnetic elds.

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Do not operate instrument if damaged
If the instrument is damaged, appears to be damaged, or if any liquid, chemical, or other material gets on or inside the
instrument, remove the instrument’s power cord, remove the instrument from service, label it as not to be operated,
and return the instrument to B&K Precision for repair. Notify B&K Precision of the nature of any contamination of the
instrument.
Clean the instrument only as instructed
Do not clean the instrument, its switches, or its terminals with contact cleaners, abrasives, lubricants, solvents, acids/bases,
or other such chemicals. Clean the instrument only with a clean dry lint-free cloth or as instructed in this manual. Not
for critical applications
This instrument is not authorized for use in contact with the human body or for use as a component in a life-support
device or system.
Do not touch live circuits
Instrument covers must not be removed by operating personnel. Component replacement and internal adjustments must
be made by qualied service-trained maintenance personnel who are aware of the hazards involved when the instrument’s
covers and shields are removed. Under certain conditions, even with the power cord removed, dangerous voltages may
exist when the covers are removed. To avoid injuries, always disconnect the power cord from the instrument, disconnect
all other connections (for example, test leads, computer interface cables, etc.), discharge all circuits, and verify there
are no hazardous voltages present on any conductors by measurements with a properly-operating voltage-sensing device
before touching any internal parts. Verify the voltage-sensing device is working properly before and after making the
measurements by testing with known-operating voltage sources and test for both DC and AC voltages. Do not attempt
any service or adjustment unless another person capable of rendering rst aid and resuscitation is present.
Do not insert any object into an instrument’s ventilation openings or other openings.
Hazardous voltages may be present in unexpected locations in circuitry being tested when a fault condition in the circuit
exists.
Fuse replacement must be done by qualied service-trained maintenance personnel who are aware of the instrument’s fuse
requirements and safe replacement procedures. Disconnect the instrument from the power line before replacing fuses.
Replace fuses only with new fuses of the fuse types, voltage ratings, and current ratings specied in this manual or on
the back of the instrument. Failure to do so may damage the instrument, lead to a safety hazard, or cause a re. Failure
to use the specied fuses will void the warranty.

5
Servicing
Do not substitute parts that are not approved by B&K Precision or modify this instrument. Return the instrument to
B&K Precision for service and repair to ensure that safety and performance features are maintained.
For continued safe use of the instrument
• Do not place heavy objects on the instrument.
• Do not obstruct cooling air ow to the instrument.
• Do not place a hot soldering iron on the instrument.
• Do not pull the instrument with the power cord, connected probe, or connected test lead.
• Do not move the instrument when a probe is connected to a circuit being tested.
Working Environment
Environment
This instrument is intended for indoor use and should be operated in a clean, dry environment.
Temperature
Operating: 0℃ to +40℃
Non-operation:-20℃ to +60℃
Note:
Direct sunlight, radiators, and other heat sources should be taken into account when assessing the ambient temperature.
Humidity
Operating: 85% RH, 40 ℃, 24 hours
Non-operating: 85% RH, 65 ℃, 24 hours
Altitude
Operating: less than 3 Km
Non-operation: less than 15 Km
Installation (overvoltage) Category
This product is powered by mains conforming to installation (overvoltage) category II.
Degree of Pollution
The oscilloscopes may be operated in environments of Pollution Degree II.
Note:
Degree of Pollution II refers to a working environment which is dry and non-conductive pollution occurs. Occasional
temporary conductivity caused by condensation is expected.
IP Rating
IP20 (as dened in IEC 60529).

6
Compliance Statements
Disposal of Old Electrical & Electronic Equipment (Applicable in the European Union and other European
countries with separate collection systems)
This product is subject to Directive 2002/96/EC of the European Parliament
and the Council of the European Union on waste electrical and electronic equipment
(WEEE), and in jurisdictions adopting that Directive, is marked as being put on the
market after August 13, 2005, and should not be disposed of as unsorted municipal
waste. Please utilize your local WEEE collection facilities in the disposition of this
product and otherwise observe all applicable requirements.
Safety Symbols
Symbol Description
indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury
indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in minor or moderate injury
Refer to the text near the symbol.
Electric Shock hazard
Alternating current (AC)
Chassis ground
Earth ground
This is the In position of the power switch when instrument is ON.
This is the Out position of the power switch when instrument is OFF.
is used to address practices not related to physical injury.

Contents
1 General Information 11
1.1 Product Overview 11
1.2 Features 11
1.3 Contents 11
1.4 Dimensions 12
1.5 Front Panel Overview 13
1.6 Rear Panel Overview 14
1.7 Display Overview 15
2 Getting Started 16
2.1 Input Power Requirements 16
2.2 Fuse Requirements and Replacement 16
2.3 Preliminary Check 17
2.3.1 Verify AC Input Voltage 17
2.3.2 Connect Power 17
2.3.3 Self-Test 18
2.3.4 Self-Cal 18
2.3.5 Check Model and Firmware Version 18
2.3.6 Function Check 19
2.4 Probe Safety 20
3 Vertical Controls 22
3.1 Enable Channel 22
3.2 Channe Menu 22
3.2.1 Channel Coupling 23
3.2.2 Bandwidth Limit 23
3.2.3 Adjust 23
3.2.4 Probe 24
3.2.5 Unit 24
3.2.6 Deskew 25
3.2.7 Invert 25
3.2.8 Oset 25
3.2.9 Trace Visible/Hidden 26
4 Horizontal Control 27
4.1 Horizontal Scale 27
4.2 Zoom 27
4.3 Roll Mode 28
4.4 Trigger Delay 28
5 Sample Control 29
5.1 Run Control 29
5.2 Sampling Theory 29
5.3 Sample Rate 29
5.4 Bandwidth and Sample Rate 30
5.5 Memory Depth 31
5.6 Sampling Mode 32
5.7 Interpolation Method 32
5.8 Acquisition Mode 33
5.9 Average 35
5.10 Eres Acquisition 35
5.11 Horizontal Format 35
5.12 Sequence Mode 37

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6 Trigger 38
6.1 Trigger Source 38
6.2 Trigger Mode 39
6.3 Trigger Level 40
6.4 Trigger Coupling 41
6.5 Trigger Holdo 42
6.6 Noise Rejection 43
6.7 Trigger Types 43
6.7.1 Edge Trigger 44
6.7.2 Slope Trigger 45
6.7.3
46
6.7.4 Video Trigger 48
6.7.5 Window Trigger 51
6.7.6 Interval Trigger 54
6.7.7 Dropout Trigger 56
6.7.8 Runt Trigger 58
6.7.9 Pattern Trigger 60
7 Serial Trigger and Decode 62
7.1 I2C Trigger and Serial Decode 62
7.1.1 Setup for I2C Signals 62
7.1.2 I2C Trigger 63
7.1.3 I2C Serial Decode 66
7.2 SPI Trigger and Serial Decode 67
7.2.1 Setup for SPI Signals 67
7.2.2 SPI Trigger 71
7.2.3 SPI Serial Decode 72
7.3 UART Trigger and Serial Decode 73
7.3.1 Setup for UART Signals 73
7.3.2 UART Trigger 74
7.3.3 UART Serial Decode 75
7.4 CAN Trigger and Serial Decode 77
7.4.1 Setup for CAN Signals 77
7.4.2 CAN Trigger 77
7.4.1 CAN Serial Decode 79
7.5 LIN Trigger and Serial Decode 80
7.5.1 Setup for LIN Signals 80
7.5.2 LIN Trigger 81
7.5.1 Interpreting LIN Decode 83
8 Reference Waveform 84
8.1 Save REF Waveform to Internal Memory 84
8.2 Display REF Waveform 84
8.3 Adjust REF Waveform 85
8.4 Clear Ref Waveform 85
9 Math 86
9.1 Units for Math Waveforms 86
9.2 Math Operators 87
9.2.1 Addition or Subtraction 87
9.2.2 Multiplication and Division 88
9.2.3 FFT Operation 89
9.3 Math Function Operation 93
9.3.1 Dierentiate 93
9.3.2 Integrate 94
9.3.3 Square Root 94

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10 Cursors 96
10.1 X Cursors 96
10.2 Y Cursors 97
10.3 Make Cursor Measurements 98
11 Measure 99
11.1 Type of Measurement 99
11.1.1 Voltage Measurements 99
11.1.2 Time Measurements 101
11.1.3 Delay Measurements 101
11.2 Automatic Measurement 102
11.3 All Measurement 104
11.4 Gate Measurement 105
11.5 Clear Measurement 105
12 Display 106
12.1 Display Type 106
12.2 Color Display 107
12.3 Persistence 108
12.4 Clear Display 109
12.5 Grid Type 109
12.6 Intensity 109
12.7 Grid Brightness 109
12.8 Transparence 110
13 Save and Recall 111
13.1 Save Type 111
13.2 Internal Save and Recall 112
13.3 External Save and Recall 113
13.4 Disk Management 115
13.4.1 Create a New File or Folder 115
13.4.2 Delete a File or Folder 116
13.4.3 Rename a File or Folder 116
14 System Settings 117
14.1 View System Status 117
14.2 Self Cal 118
14.3 Quick-Cal 118
14.4 Sound 119
14.5 Language 119
14.6 Pass/Fail Test 119
14.6.1 Set and Perform a Pass/Fail Test 120
14.6.2 Save and Recall Test Mask 121
14.7 IO Set 123
14.7.1 LAN 123
14.7.2 USB Device 124
14.8 Update Firmware and Conguration 124
14.9 Do Self-Test 125
14.9.1 Screen Test 125
14.9.2 Keyboard Test 126
14.9.3 LED Test 127
14.10 Screen Saver 128
14.11 Reference Position 129
14.12 Power On Line 129
15 Search 130
15.1 Setting 130
15.2 Results 131

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16 Navigate 133
16.1 Time Navigate 133
16.2 History Frame Navigate 133
16.3 Search Event Navigate 133
17 History 134
18 Factory Setup 135
19 Troubleshooting 136
20 Service Information 138
21 LIMITED THREE-YEAR WARRANTY 139

General Information
1.1 Product Overview
Figure 1.1 2194 Front View
The B&K Precision 2194 digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) is a portable benchtop instrument used for making measure-
ments of signals and waveforms.
This oscilloscope provides 100 MHz of bandwidth in a 4-channel conguration with a maximum sample rate of 1 GSa/s
and best-in class memory depth of 14 Mpts.
1.2 Features
– 4 channels with 100 MHz bandwidth
– Single channel real-time sampling rate of up to 1 GSa/s
– 14 Mpts memory depth
– Standard USB host, USBTMC device, and LAN ports
1.3 Contents
Inspect the instrument mechanically and electrically upon receiving it. Unpack all items from the shipping carton, and
check for any obvious signs of physical damage that may have occurred during transportation. Report any damage to
the shipping agent immediately. Save the original packing carton for possible future reshipment. Every oscilloscope is
shipped with the following contents:
– 1 x 2194 Digital Storage Oscilloscope
– AC Power Cord
– USB type A to type B cable.
– 4 x 1:1/10:1 Passive Oscilloscope Probes
– Certicate of Calibration
– Test Report

General Information 12
Note:
Ensure the presence of all the items above. Contact the distributor if anything is missing.
1.4 Dimensions
The 2194 digital storage oscilloscope’s dimensions are approximately: 312.00 mm (12.28 in) x 151.00 mm (5.94 in) x
132.60 mm (5.22 in) (W x H x D).
Figure 1.2 Front View Dimensions
Figure 1.3 Top View Dimensions

General Information 13
1.5 Front Panel Overview
The front panel interface allows for control of the unit.
Figure 1.4 Front Panel
Item Name Description
1 LCD Display Visual presentation of the device function and measurements.
2 Intensity Adjust Universal knob.
3Common
Function Keys Used to invoke the functions displayed above them.
4 Numeric Keypad Used to enter precise values
5 Rotary Knob Used to navigate menus or congure parameters
6 Navigation Keys Used to navigate menus. The enter key can be used to select a menu or enter a para-
meter
7 CH 2 Terminals Serves as output or input terminals of CH 2 depending on the set functionality
8 Function Keys Frequently used function such as Home, Trig, Menu, ESC, and On/O keys
9 CH 1 Terminals Serves as output or input of CH 1 depending on the set functionality
10 Softkeys Used to invoke any functions displayed above them.
11 Power Switch Power the unit ON or OFF
12 Horizontal Control
13 Auto Set the trigger mode to auto.
14 Menu On/O Enable/disable the menu bar.
15 Softkeys Used to invoke any functions displayed above them.
16 Print Shortcut key for the save function.
17 Input Channels Input channels (1 MΩBNC)
18 Power Button Power the unit ON or OFF.
19 USB Host Port USB port used to connect ash drives. (Type A)
20 Probe
Compensation Probe compensation/ground terminal.
Table 1.1 Front Panel

General Information 14
1.6 Rear Panel Overview
Figure 1.5 Rear Panel Overview
Item Name Description
1 Handle Handle for easy carrying of the instrument.
2 Safety Lock Hole Locks the instrument to a xed location using the security lock via the lock hole.
The lock is not included.
3 LAN Connect an ethernet cable to remotely control the unit over the network.
4 USB Interface Connect a USB type B to type A to remotely control the unit.
5Pass/Fail or
Trigger Out
Output a signal that reects the current waveform capture rate of the oscilloscope at
each trigger or a pass/fail test pulse.
6AC Power Input
& Fuse Box Houses the fuse as well as the AC input .
Table 1.2 Rear Panel

General Information 15
1.7 Display Overview
Figure 1.6 Display Overview
Item Name Description
1 Trigger Status Displays the trigger status.
2USB Host
Port Indicator Indicates that a USB is connected to the instrument.
3LAN Port
Indicator Indicates the status of the LAN connection.
4 Menu Bar Displays the available options in the selected menu.
Table 1.3 Display Overview

Getting Started
Before connecting and powering up the instrument, review the instructions in this chapter.
2.1 Input Power Requirements
The oscilloscope has a universal AC input that accepts line voltage and frequency input within:
100 - 240 V (+/- 10%), 50/60 Hz (+/- 5%)
100 - 127 B, 400 Hz
50 W Max
Before connecting to an AC outlet or external power source, be sure that the power switch is in the OFF position and
verify that the AC power cord, including the extension line, is compatible with the rated voltage/current and that there
is sucient circuit capacity for the power supply. Once veried, connect the cable rmly.
The included AC power cord is safety certied for this instrument operating in rated range. To change a cable or add
an extension cable, be sure that it can meet the required power ratings for this instrument. Any misuse with wrong or
unsafe cables will void the warranty.
SHOCK HAZARD:
The power cord provides a chassis ground through a third conductor. Verify that your power outlet is of the
three conductor type with the correct pin connected to earth ground.
2.2 Fuse Requirements and Replacement
For continued re protection at all line voltages replace only with a 1.25 A / 250 V "F" rated, 5 x 20 mm
fuse.
For safety, no power should be applied to the instrument while changing line voltage operation. Disconnect all
cables connected to the instrument before proceeding.

Getting Started 17
Check and/or Change Fuse
– Locate the fuse box next to the AC input connector in the rear panel. (See gure 1.5)
– Insert a small athead screwdriver into the fuse box slit to pull and slide out the fuse box as indicated below.
– Check and replace fuse if necessary. (See gure 2.1)
Figure 2.1 Fuse Removal
Any disassembling of the case or changing the fuse not performed by an authorized service technician will void
the warranty of the instrument
2.3 Preliminary Check
Complete the following steps to verify that the oscilloscope is ready for use.
2.3.1 Verify AC Input Voltage
Verify proper AC voltages are available to power the instrument.
The AC voltage range must meet the acceptable specication stated in section Input Power Requirements.
2.3.2 Connect Power
Connect the AC power cord to the AC receptacle in the rear panel and press the power switch to turn on the instrument.
The instrument will have a boot up screen while loading, after which the main screen will be displayed.

Getting Started 18
2.3.3 Self-Test
The instrument has 3 self-test option to test the screen ,keyboard, and the LED back light.
To perform the self-test, please refer to the Self Test section for further instructions.
2.3.4 Self-Cal
Self option runs an internal self-calibration procedure that will check and adjust the instrument. To perform the self-
calibration refer to the Self-Calibration section for further instructions.
2.3.5 Check Model and Firmware Version
The model and rmware version can be veried from within the menu system.
To view the model and rmware version:
Press the Utility button and use the softkeys to select the System Status option. The following information will be
displayed:
–Startup Times
–Software Version
–Uboot-Os Version
–FPGA Version
–Hardware Version
–Product Type
–Serial NO
Figure 2.2 System Status
Press the Single key to exit.

Getting Started 19
2.3.6 Function Check
Follow the steps below to do a quick check of the oscilloscope’s functionality.
1. Power on the oscilloscope. Press Default Setup to show the result of the self-check.
– The probe default attenuation is 1X.
2. Set the switch to 1X on the probe and connect the probe to channel 1.
– To do this align the slot in the probe connector with the key on the CH1 BNC, push to connect, and twist to the
right to lock the probe in place.
– Connect the probe tip and reference lead to the Probe Comp connectors.
3. Press the AUTO button to show the square wave with 1 kHz frequency and 3V peak to peak .
Figure 2.3 3 Vpp Square Wave
4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 for the remaining channels.

Getting Started 20
2.4 Probe Safety
A guard around the probe body provides a nger barrier for protection from electric shock.
Figure 2.4 Probe
Connect the probe to the oscilloscope and connect the ground terminal to the ground before you take any measurements.
Shock Hazard:
To avoid electric shock when using the probe, keep ngers behind the guard on the probe body. To avoid electric shock
while using the probe, do not touch metallic portions of the probe head while it is connected to a voltage source.
Connect the probe to the oscilloscope and connect the ground terminal to ground before you take any measurements.