Briggs & Stratton 252700 Manual

Briggs & Stratton
OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE
INSTRUCTIONS
MODELS
220700 to 220799
252700 to 252799
IN THE INTEREST OF SAFETY
DO NOT RUN ENGINE AT EXCESSIVE SPEEDS. Operating an engine at excessive speeds increases the hazard of personal iniurv
DO NOT TAMPER WITH PARTS WHICH MAY INCREASE THE GOVERNED SPEED.
For rotary lawnmower safety, A.N.S.I. Standard Safety Specifications for Power Lawn Mowers specify a maximum blade tip speed of
19.000 feet per minute (96.5 meters per second), primarily to reduce the hazard from thrown objects.
Rotary lawnmower manufacturers select the governed top speed of the engine based on the length and design of the cutter blade and
design of other mower parts.
All rotary lawnmowers should be checked for conformance to the A.N.S.I. Standard Safely Specifications for Power Lawn Mowers on
blad^ tip speed, if the engine is repaired or replaced, or if mower parts arc changed.
DANGER; GASOLINE VAPOR IS HIGHLY FLAMMABLE. Refuel outdoors preferably, or only in well ventilated areas.
DO NOT STORE, SPILL OR USE GASOLINE NEAR AN OPEN FLAME or devices such as a stove, furnace, water heater which utilize a
pilot light, or devices that can create a spark.
If gasoline is accidentally spilled, move machine away from area of spill and avoid creating any source of ignition until oasoHne vaoors
have dissipated. ® ^
DO NOT REFUEL GASOLINE TANK WHILE ENGINE IS RUNNING.
DO NOT RUN THE ENGINE IN AN ENCLOSED AREA. Exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide, an odorless and deadly p'oison.
TO PREVENT ACCIDENTAL STARTING always remove the spark plug from the engine, before working on the engine or eguioment
driven by the engine.
Except for adjustment; DO NOT operate engine if air cleaner or coverdlrectly over carburetor alrintake is removed. Removal of such part
could create a fire hazard.
DO NOT OPERATE WITHOUT A MUFFLER OR TAMPER WITH THE EXHAUST SYSTEM. Damaged mufflers or spark arresters could
create a fire hazard. Inspect periodically and replace if necessary.
DO NOT STRIKE FLYWHEEL with a hard object or metal tool as this may cause flywheel to shatter In operation, causing personal Injury
Center*^'^^ damage. Use Briggs & Stratton approved tools only, and if in doubt, contact your Authorized Briggs & Stratton Service
ALWAYS KEEP HANDS AND FEET CLEAR OF ROTATING PARTS.
IN THE INTEREST OF ENVIRONMENT
Increased exhaust noise level. Therefore, examine the muffler periodically
to be sure It is functioning effectively. To purchase a new muffler, see SERVICE AND REPAIR INFORMATION. ^ ^
W . ^NING; If this engine Is not equipped with a spark arrester and Is to be used on any forest covered, brush covered, or grass covered
iorTinn f ^6 maintained In effktive
^ operator, n he State of California the above is required by law (Section 4442 of the California Public Resources
Mr elL? " ® ®® apply on federal lands. See your Authorized Briggs & Stratton Service Center
lor sparK arrestsr murllar options.
SERVICE & REPAIR INFORMATION
If service or repair Is needed, contact an Authorized Briggs &
Stratton Service Center. Toserve you promptly and efficiently, the
Service Center will need the model, type and code number on
your engine.
Each Authorized Service Center carries a stock of original
Briggs & Stratton repair parts and is equipped with special service
tools. Trained mechanics assure expert repair service on all
Briggs & Stratton engines.
Major engine repairs should not be attempted unless you have
the proper tools and a thorough knowledge of internal com¬
bustion engine repair procedure.
Your nearest service center is listed in the "Yellow
Pages” under "Engines, Gasoline” or "Gasoline
Engines." He is one of over 26,000 authorized
dealers available to serve you.
This illustrated book includes
“Theories of Operation,” common
specifications, and detailed infor¬
mation covering the adjustment, tune-
up and repair procedures for 2 through
16 H.P. single cylinder models. It Is
available from any Authorized Briggs &
Stratton Service Center. Order as Part
Number 270962.
VcAbw pages
FORM NO. 270862-4/80
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
fBRIGGS& STRATTON^
BRIGGS & STRATTON CORP.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201

BEFORE STARTING
REWIND
STARTER GRIP
FORM NO. 270862-4/80
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
READ THE OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS OF
THE EQUIPMENT THIS ENGINE POWERS
Use a high quality detergent oil classified "For Service SC,
SD, SE or MS.” Detergent oils keep the engine cleaner and
retard the formation of gum and varnish deposits. Nothing
should be added to the recommended oil.
RECOMMENDED SAE VISCOSITY GRADES
*lf not available, a synthetic oil may be used having 5W-20.5W--30
or 5W-40 viscosity.
TO FILL SUMP WITH OIL
Place engine level. Clean area around oil fill before
removing oil fill plug, dipstick or ,oil-minder.
OIL FILL PLUG Remove oil fill plug or (optional) oil-
minder. Fill crankcase to point of overflowing. POUR
SLOWLY. Capacity 3 pints (1.42 liters). Replace oil fill
plug or olirminder.
EXTENDED OIL FILL. (Optional) Remove cap and dipstick.
FILL TO FULL MARK on dipstick, POUR SLOWLY.
Capacity 3 pints (1.42 liters). When checking oil level,
screw dipstick assembly firmly but slowly until cap bottoms-
on tube. DO NOT OVERFILL. Dipstick assembly must be
securely assembled into tube at all times when engine is
operating.
Charge battery before use on engines equipped with
- (OPTIONAL) 12 volt electric starter motor. See equipment
manufacturers' recommendations.

FILL FUEL TANK
Use clean, fresh, "regular grade leaded or low-lead"
gasoline. DO NOT MIX OIL WITH GASOLINE.
NOTE: The use of "lead-free” gasoline produces fewer
combustion deposits, but may shorten valve life if
carburetor adjustment is too lean.
STARTING
Start, store and fuel engine in a level position.
OPEN FUEL VALVE
CHOKE ENGINE; Engine may be equipped with either
manual, remote or choke-a-matic controls.
MANUAL CHOKE: Move lever as illustrated.
REMOTE CHOKE: Move equipment control lever to
"CHOKE" position.
CHOKE-A-MATIC: Move lever to "Full Choke" or “Start”
position.
NOTE; This should fully close choke on carburetor. If it
does not, remote control must be re-adjusted. See
ADJUSTMENT section.
NOTE: A warm engine requires less choking than a cold
engine.
GOVERNOR SPEED CONTROL LEVER: Move governor
speed control lever as far as possible toward "RUN” or
TO START ENGINE
DANGER: ALWAYS KEEP HANDS AND FEET CLEAR OF
MOWER BLADE OR OTHER ROTATING MACHINERY.
Rewind Starter. Graspstartergripasillustrated and pull out
cord rapidly to overcome compression and prevent kick-
back. Repeat if necessary with choke opened slightly.
When engine starts open choke gradually.
Electric Starter. {Optional) Turn key to "Start" position
and/or press starter button on powered equipment.,When
engine starts open choke gradually.
NOTE: If fuel drips out of carburetor while trying to start
engine, the engine Is over-choked. Pull starter several times
or push starter switch with choke open.
COLD WEATHER STARTING HINTS
1. Be sure to use the proper oil for the temperature
expected. .
2. Declutch all possible external loads.
3. Set throttle at part-throttle position.
4. A slightly richer fuel mixture, obtained by turning
carburetor needle valve 1/8 turn, counterclockwise, will
usually improve cold starting.
5. A warm battery has much more starting capacity than a
cold battery.
. 6. Use fresh winter grade fuel.
When equipment is not in operation, provide protection
from direct exposure to weather.
TO STOP ENGINE
Move engine governor speed control lever to "STOP"
or key to “OFF" position.
3
CAUTION: Always remove key from switch when leaving
mower unattended or when mower is not in use.

MAINTENANCE
rHECK OIL LEVEL regularly — after each five hours of
operation. BE SURE OIL LEVEL IS MAINTAINED.
rHANGE OIL after first five hours of operation. Thereafter
change every 25 hours of operation. Remove oil drain
plug and drain oil while engine Is warm. Replace drain
plug. Remove oil fill plug, oil-minder or dipstick and refill
with new oil of proper grade. Replace oil fill plug, oil-
minder or dipstick.
: TO SERVICE AIR CLEANER
Clean and re-oil foam element at three month intervals or
, every 25 hours, whicljever occurs first.
NOTE; Service more often under dusty conditions.
STANDARD OIL FOAM AIR CLEANER
1. R emoye two screws and lift off complete air cleaner
assembly.
. 2. Remove screen and spacers from foam element.
3. Remove foam element from air cleaner body.
4. a. Wash foam element In kerosene'or"nqulci detergent
and water to remove dirt.
b. Wrap foam In cloth and squeeze dry.
c. Saturate foam In engine oil. Squeeze to remove
excess oil. '
d. Assemble parts — securely fasten to carburetor with
screws.
When assembling make certain the lip of the foam element
extends over edge of the air cleaner body. The foam
element lip will form a protective seal.
DUCTED OIL FOAM AIR CLEANER
Same as standard except after foam element is removed,
the element support and inside of body should be cleaned
before assembly of the air cleaner.
CARTRIDGE AIR CLEANER
1. Remove air cleaner stud, screw and cover. Replace
cover gasket if damaged.
2. Remove plate screw, washer arid plate.
3. Remove cartridge and clean air cleaner body carefully
to prevent dirt from entering carburetor. Brush dirt from
body thru holes Into duct.'
4. Clean cartridge by tapping gently on flat surface.
a. If very dirty, replace cartridge or wash in a low or non¬
sudsing detergent and warm wat,er solution.
b. Rinse thoroughly from OUTSIDE IN until water is
clear.
c. Cartridge must be allowed to stand and air dry
thoroughly before using.
5. Reassemble air cleaner.
CAUTION: Petroleum solvents, such as kerosene, are not
to be used to clean cartridge. They may cause deterioration
of the cartridge. DO NOT OIL CARTRIDGE. DO NOT USE
PRESSURIZED AIR TO CLEAN OR DRY CARTRIDGE.
4

CLEAN COOLING SYSTEM •— Grass, chaff or dirt may
clog the rotating screen and the air cooling system
after prolonged service in cutting tall dry grasses or
hay. Yearly or every 100 hours, whichever occurs first,
remove the blower housing and clean the area shown to
avoid overspeeding, overheating and engine damage.
Clean more often if necessary.
DANGER: Periodically clean muffler area to remove all
grass, dirt and combustible debris,
SPARK PLUG — Clean and reset gap at .030" every 100
hours of operation.
CAUTION: Do not blast clean spark plug. Spark plug
should be cleaned by scraping or wire brushing and
washing with a commercial solvent.
Sparking can bccur If wire terminal does not fit firmly on
spark plug, or If stop switch vibrates against spark plug.
Reform terminal or repair switch If necessary.
REMOVE COMBUSTION DEPOSITS every 100-300 hours
of operation. Remove cylinder head and cylinder head
shield. Scrape and wire brush the combustion deposits
from cylinder, cylinder head, top of piston and around
valves. Use a soft brush to remove deposits. Re-assemble
gasket, cylinder head and cylinder head shield. Turn
screws down finger tight. Torque cylinder head screws In
a staggered sequence to 165 inch pounds (18.65 Nm).
SPARK ARRESTER EQUIPPED MUFFLER — If engine
muffler Is equipped with spark arrester screen assembly,
remove every 50 hours for cleaning and inspection.
Replace if damaged.
ADJUSTMENTS
CARBURETOR ADJUSTMENTS
Minor carburetor adjustment may be required to com¬
pensate for differences in fuel, temperature, altitude
or load.
TO ADJUST CARBURETOR — Turn needle valve clock¬
wise until it just closes. 5
CAUTION: Valves may be damaged by turning them too
far.
Now open needle valve Vh turns counterclockwise. Close
idle valve in same manner and open 114 turn. This initial
adjustment will permit the engine to be started and warmed
up prior to final adjustment.
Place governor speed control lever in “FAST" position.
Turn needle valve in until engine-slows (clockwise — lean
mixture). Then turn It out past smooth operating point (rich
mixture). Now turn needle valve to midpoint between.rich
and lean. Next, adjust idle RPM. Rotate throttle counter¬
clockwise and hold against stop. Adjust Idle speed
adjusting screw to obtain 1750 RPM. Holding throttle
against idle stop, turn idle valve In (lean) and out (rich). Set
at midpoint between rich and lean. Re-check idle RPM.
Release throttle. If engine will not accelerate properly, the
carburetor should be re-adjusted, usually to a slightly
richer mixture.
CONTROL ADJUSTMENTS
Proper choke and stop switch operation is dependent upon
proper adjustment of remote controls on the powered
equipment.
TO CHECK OPERATION OF CHOKE CONTROLS:
Move remote control lever to "Choke" position. The
carburetor choke should be closed.
TO ADJUST CHOKE:
Place remote control lever on equipment in "CHOKE"
position. Loosen control casing clamp screw. Move casing
and wire In direction shown by arrow. Tighten casing clamp
screw.
TO ADJUST CHOKE-A-MATIC CONTROLS;
Place remote speed control lever on equipment in FAST
(high speed) position. Loosen control casing clamp screw
“C.” Move control easing “A” and wire until lever “E” lines
up with bottom edge of tang "F." Tighten casing clamp
screw “C.” Move remote control to "STOP” position. Lever
should make good contact with stop switch, if so equipped.

GOVERNOR SPEED CONTROL ADJUSTMENTS
The acceptable operating speed range is 1800 to 3600 RPM.
Idle speed is 1750 RPM. The manufacturer of the
equipment on which the engine is used, specifies the top
governed no load speed at which the engine may be
operated. DO NOT EXCEED this speed.
To increase engine speed move control in direction shown
by arrow. Refer to illustration.
GENERAL INFORMATION
These engines are single cylinder, L-head, air-cooled type.
MODEL SERIES 220700 to 220799
fo'’®. 3 -7/16" (87.31 mm)
Stroke. 2-3/8" (60.33 mni)
Displacement .22.04 cu. In. (361.2 cc)
Horsepower.; . 1 0 H.P. Max.,@ 3600 RPM
Torque (Ft. Lbs.) .16.8 Max. @ 2400 RPM
MODEL SERIES 252700 to 252799
Bore. 3 -7/16" (87.31 mm)
Stroke. 2-5/8" (66.68 mm)
Displacement .24.36 cu. in. (399.2 cc)
Horsepower. 11 HP Max. @ 3600 RPM
Torque (Ft. Lbs.) .16.8 Max. @ 2800 RPM
The horsepower ratings listed above are established in
accordance with the Society of Automotive Engineers Test
Code-J607. For practical operation, the horsepower
loading should not exceed 85% of these ratings. Engine
power will decrease 3’/^% for each 1,000 feet (304.8 m)
above sea level and 1% for each 10® above 60® F (16® C).
In some areas, local law requires the use of a resistor spark
plug so as to suppress ignition signals. If an engine was
originally equipped with a resistor spark plug, be sure to
use the same type of spark plug for replacement.
TUNE-UP SPECIFICATIONS
Champion
Autolite
Robert
Bosch
CJ-8
235
WS9E
J-8
295
RCJ-8
245
WSR9E
RJ-8
306
—
.030"
(.76 mm)
Spark Plug Type
Short Plug
Long Plug
Resistor Short Plug
Resistor Long Plug
Ignition Point Gap.020" (.51 mm)
Intake Valve Clearance .005"-.007" (.13-.18 mm)
Exhaust Valve Clearance..009"-,011" (.23-.28 mm)
WARNING: For electrical safety always remove cable from
negative {-) side of the battery before attempting any
repairs or maintenance.
Typical Wiring Diagrams
STORAGE INSTRUCTIONS
Engines to be stored over 30 days should be completely
drained of fuel to prevent gum deposits forming on
essential carburetor parts, fuel filter and tank.
Note: The use of a fuel additive, such as STA-BIL, or an
equivalent, will minimize the formation of fuel gum deposits
during storage. Such an additive may be added to the
gasoline in the fuel tank of the engine, or to the gasoline
in a storage container.
a. All fuel should be removed from the tank. Run the engine
until it stops from lack of fuel. The small amount of fuel
that remains In the sump of the tank should be removed
by.absorbing it with a clean, dry cloth.
b. While engine is still warm, drain oil from crankcase.
Refill with fresh oil.
c. Remove spark plug, pour one ounce (29.6 cc) of engine
oil into cylinder and crank slowly to distribute oil.
Replace spark plug.
d. Clean dirt and chaff from cylinder, cylinder head fins,
blower housing, rotating screen and muffler areas.
e. Store in a clean and dry area.
BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES ARE MADE UNDER ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING PATENTS
28.960 3.149.618 3.276.439 3,526,146 3,625.071 3831.268
2.999,491 3,194.224 3.305,223 3.572.218 3,650,354 3,882.336
2,999.562 3,236.937 3.457.804 3,572.307 3,745.393 3.901.199
3.114.851 3,242,741 3.465.740 3,625.492 3 738345 3 961 724
3,118.433 3,252.449
3.968.854
3.971.353
3,991.152
4.168.288
DESIGN
0-213.4760-215.769 0-224,170 0-247.177
OTHER PATENTS PENDING
t