BRUEL & KJAER 3207 User manual

Technical
Documentation
Tapping Machine Type 3207
User Manual
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ËBE-1557---?Î
English BE 1557 – 13

BE 1557−13 July 2007
Tapping Machine Type 3207
From serial number 2148096
User Manual

Copyright ©2003 – 2007, Brüel & Kjær Sound & Vibration Measurement A/S
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form, or by any means,
without prior written consent from Brüel & Kjær Sound & Vibration Measurement A/S, Nærum, Denmark
Safety Considerations
This apparatus has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC 61010 – 1 and EN 61010 – 1 Safety Require-
ments for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use. This manual contains infor-
mation and warnings which must be followed to ensure safe operation and to retain the apparatus in safe condition.
Special note should be made of the following:
Safety Symbols
The apparatus will be marked with this symbol when it is important that you refer to the associated warning
statements given in the manual.
Protective Earth Terminal Hazardous Voltage
Explosion Hazard
The equipment is not designed to be used in potentially explosive environments. It should not be operated in the
presence of flammable liquids or gases.
Warnings
• Switch off all power to equipment before connecting or disconnecting their digital interface. Failure to do so
could damage the equipment.
• Whenever it is likely that the correct function or operating safety of the apparatus has been impaired, it must
be made inoperative and be secured against unintended operation.
• Any adjustment, maintenance and repair of the open apparatus under voltage must be avoided as far as possible
and, if unavoidable, must be carried out only by trained service personnel.
• Do not dispose of electronic equipment as unsorted municipal waste
• It is your responsibility to contribute to a clean and healthy environment by using the appropriate local
return and collection systems
• Hazardous substances in electronic equipment may have detrimental effects on the environment and
human health
• The symbol shown to the left indicates that separate collection systems must be used for any discarded
equipment marked with that symbol
• Waste electrical and electronic equipment may be returned to your local Brüel & Kjær representative
or to Brüel & Kjær Headquarters for disposal

Contents
CHAPTER 1
Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 About this Manual...................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 1
Measuring Sound Insulation ...................................................................................................................... 1
Measuring Impact Sound Insulation .......................................................................................................... 2
Weighting................................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 How Much is Too Much? ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Construction of Tapping Machine Type 3207............................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER 2
A Complete Measurement System..................................................................................................... 5
2.1 A Complete Measurement System for Architectural and Building Acoustics ............................................ 5
2.2 Use of 2260-D/BZ-7204............................................................................................................................. 6
Measurement............................................................................................................................................. 6
Data Bookkeeping ..................................................................................................................................... 6
Positions and Average............................................................................................................................... 7
Reuse of Information ................................................................................................................................. 8
Built-in Generator ...................................................................................................................................... 8
Calculations ............................................................................................................................................... 8
Printing ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
Data Transfer to a PC................................................................................................................................ 9
2.3 Assessment and Reporting ....................................................................................................................... 9
Qualifier Type 7830 ................................................................................................................................... 9
Data Transfer............................................................................................................................................. 9
Qualifier Calculations................................................................................................................................. 9
Flexible Reverberation Averaging ........................................................................................................... 10
Documentation ........................................................................................................................................ 10
Building Acoustics Standards and Measured Parameters ...................................................................... 10
CHAPTER 3
User Guide for the Tapping Machine ............................................................................................... 13
3.1 Before Use............................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2 Initial Start-up .......................................................................................................................................... 15
3.3 Measuring................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.4 After Measuring ....................................................................................................................................... 16
3.5 Hints and Tips.......................................................................................................................................... 17
CHAPTER 4
Options and Accessories.................................................................................................................. 19
4.1 Remote Control Operation....................................................................................................................... 19
General.................................................................................................................................................... 19
Wireless Remote Control Kit UA-1476 .................................................................................................... 19
Using Remote Control Kit UA-1476......................................................................................................... 20
Remote Operation via Cable AQ-0633.................................................................................................... 21
Remote Control using Third Party Remote Control Systems .................................................................. 22
4.2 Battery Option.......................................................................................................................................... 23
General.................................................................................................................................................... 23
Installing Battery Kit UA-1477.................................................................................................................. 23
Battery Operation .................................................................................................................................... 25

CHAPTER 5
Routine Maintenance......................................................................................................................... 27
5.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 27
5.2 Tapping Machine Equipped with Battery ................................................................................................. 28
5.3 Adjustment............................................................................................................................................... 28
Charging Regulator on the Battery Option .............................................................................................. 29
Hints and Tips about Maintenance and Adjustment ................................................................................ 29
Safety Tips............................................................................................................................................... 30
CHAPTER 6
Service and Guarantee...................................................................................................................... 31
APPENDIX A
Type 3207 Specifications .................................................................................................................. 33
A.1 Compliance with Regulations and Environmental Standards.................................................................. 33
A.2 Specifications .......................................................................................................................................... 34

1
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 About this Manual
This chapter describes procedures for measuring building acoustic properties such as airborne and
impact noise insulation. Chapter 2 covers Brüel & Kjær solutions for building acoustic measurements.
The rest of the manual covers the operation and maintenance of Tapping Machine Type 3207 and its
specifications.
1.2 Introduction
1.2.1 Measuring Sound Insulation
In Building Acoustics, the sound quality of buildings is planned and evaluated with the aim of improv-
ing the quality of life of the building’s occupants. For dwellings, good sound quality means that noise
from the normal activities of daily living does not disturb others. The noise may be airborne in origin
(from speech, music, household appliances, etc.) or stem from impact to the building structure (for
example, footsteps).
To measure sound insulation, a standardised sound source is used to simulate the potentially annoying
noise, and the resulting sound level is measured inside the apartment in question.
For airborne sound, a loudspeaker sound source is used, and the level is measured on both sides of the
partition (Fig.1.1). The level difference is then calculated and compared to building regulations.
Fig.1.1
Measurement of
airborne sound
insulation – setup
and parameters
The level difference must be corrected for the absorption in the receiving room and for the possible
influence of background noise. Hence, reverberation time and background noise level are also measured.
The parameters are measured not just at one position of source and receiver, but at a number of
positions in order to improve the measurement accuracy.
Source Room
Room 1
Receiving Room
Room 2
Receiving Room
Level
Partition
L1 L2
B2
T2
Source Room
Level
980427e
Background
Noise Level
Reverberation
Time

Tapping Machine Type 3207 – User Manual2
1.2.2 Measuring Impact Sound Insulation
For impact sound insulation, a different sound source has to be used, but otherwise the procedure is
similar to that for airborne sound.
A standardised impact sound generator (tapping machine) is used. This consists of hammers of stand-
ardised weight that drop from a standardised height at a standardised repetition rate. The vibration from
the tapping machine is transmitted through the building structure into the air in the receiving room.
This sound level (L2) is measured, and compared to building regulations after correction for reverbera-
tion time (T2) and possible influence of background noise (B2) (see Fig.1.2).
Fig.1.2
Measurement of
impact sound
insulation – setup
and parameters
Levels and reverberation time are all measured as spectra in 1/3-octaves (or 1/1-octaves), and the
background noise correction (if needed) is made according to the following equation:
L2c = 10 log (10L2/10 – 10B2/10)
The correction for absorption in the receiving room is made as follows:
LnT = L2 – 10 log (T/T0)(T
0= 0.5 s)
LnT is called the Standardised Impact Sound Pressure Level in which T is the measured T2. The
correction refers to an average reverberation time for dwellings of 0.5 seconds.
For field measurements, the result may be indicated as L´nT and ‘Apparent’ added to the name of the
result. In field measurements, transmission of sound may occur through flanking paths, as opposed to
laboratory measurements where flanking is carefully prevented.
Besides LnT, the Normalised Impact Sound Pressure Level is also used, calculated according to:
Ln = L2 + 10 log (0.016 V/T)
Again, L´n and the addition of ‘Apparent’ to the name may be used to indicate field measurements.
1.2.3 Weighting
Building regulations specify limits not in terms of spectra, but as single-number quantities calculated
from the L´nT or L´nw spectra. The calculating procedure is called weighting, illustrated for LnTw in
Fig.1.3. The result is called the Weighted Standardised Impact Sound Pressure Level.
Source Room
Room 1
Receiving Room
Room 2
Receiving Room
Level
Used only for T2
Partition
L2
B2
T2
Tapping
Machine
980428e
Background
Noise Level
Reverberation
Time

CHAPTER 1
Introduction 3
Fig.1.3
Single-number
result (LnTw) is
calculated by
shifting the
reference curve
upwards in 1 dB
steps until the
measured spectrum
exceeds the
reference curve by
less than (but as
close as possible
to) a sum of 32 dB.
The weighted result
is the value of the
reference curve at
500 Hz
For Ln, the weighting procedure is similar, resulting in the Weighted Normalised Impact Sound
Pressure Level.
For an overview of building acoustic standards and calculations, please refer to the Brüel & Kjær
Technical Documentation for Building Acoustic System, Literature No. BB 1078 (English).
1.3 How Much is Too Much?
How a person perceives a given impact noise from a neighbour depends not only on the neighbour’s
kind of activity and the impact sound insulation, but also on the use of the receiving room. However,
for people in normal dwellings, Table 1.1 gives guidelines for the perception of impact noise as a
function of impact sound insulation.
In many countries, present building regulations operate with a limit of around 53 dB. Considering that
many older buildings (and quite a few new ones) do not even fulfil this requirement, the need for
improvement (and measurements) is obvious.
500 Hz
Hz
Area < 32 dB
dB
LnTw
LnT
980429e
Table 1.1 Perception of impact noise in dwellings as a function of impact sound insulation L´nTw (adapted from
PWI: Schallschutz im Hochbau, Maienfeld, 1997)
L´nTw (dB)
Noise Generated in Adjoining Room
Normal
Walking with normal
footwear or house
footwear
Elevated
Running children or
walking barefoot
Extreme
Moving furniture and
boisterous children
Perception of Resulting Noise
63 Audible – intrusive Very intrusive Unbearable !
58 Audible Intrusive Very intrusive
53 Barely audible Audible Intrusive "
48 Inaudible Barely audible Intrusive ☺
43 Inaudible Inaudible Audible

Tapping Machine Type 3207 – User Manual4
1.4 Construction of Tapping Machine Type 3207
Tapping Machine Type 3207 is a standard tapping noise generator. It can be used for tapping noise
measurements to national and international standards. The unit is available with an optional mobile
power source (battery pack) and a wireless remote control.
The tapping machine uses five hammers each weighing 500 g that operate at 2 Hz dropping from a
height of 40 mm. This fulfils national and international standards. The hammers are operated via cams
on a single shaft. The shaft is driven by a DC motor via a toothed belt and gearbox.
The unit is based on a welded aluminium chassis. Weight and size have been kept to a minimum to
ensure ease of transportation. Three extendable legs with rubber feet support the unit during operation.
The rubber feet are height adjustable using the included gauges. This guarantees stable mounting.
The unit is powered via the supplied AC/DC adaptor, or the optional battery pack. The unit can be
remotely switched on and off with a cable or wireless remote control option.
Fig.1.4 Tapping Machine Type 3207 shown with and without housing. The picture on the left shows the tapping
machine with support legs extended