Campbell TLX106 User manual

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'eather Station
Campbell Scientif ic, Inc

TLX106 WEATHER STATION
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
REVfSIONi 9lO2
COPYRIGHT (c) 1993-2002 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, lNC.

Warranty and Assrs tance
The TLX106 WEATHER STATION is warranted by CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC, INC. to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under
normal use and service for twelve (12) months from date of shipment unless
specified otherwise. Batteries have no warranty. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC,
INC.'s obligation under this warranty is limited to repairing or replacing (at
CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.'s option) defective products. The customer
shall assume all costs of removing, reinstalling, and shipping defective products
to CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. will
return such products by surface canier prepaid. This warranty shall not apply
to any CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. products which have been subjected to
modification, misuse, neglect, accidents of nature, or shipping damage. This
warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied, including
warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC, INC. is not liable for special, indirect, incidental, or
consequential damages.
Products may not be returned without prior authorization. To obtain a Returned
Materials Authorization (RMA), contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.,
phone [phone]. After an applications engineer determines the nature of
the problem, an RMA number will be issued. Please write this number clearly
on the outside of the shipping container. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC's shipping
address is:
CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC. INC.
RMA#-
815 West 1800 North
Logan, Utah 84321-1784
CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. does not accept collect calls.
Non-warranty products returned for repair should be accompanied by a
purchase order to cover the repair.
EAMPEIELL SiGIENTIFIC, INc.
815 W. laOO N.
Logan, UT 84321 -1 784
USA
Phone [phone]
FAX (435) 75O-954O
www.camobellsci.com
Campbell Scientilic Canada Corp.
1 1564 -149th Street
Edmonlon, Alberta TsM 1W7
CANADA
Phone (78O) 454-25Os
FAX [phone]s
campbell scientific Ltd.
Campbell Park
80 Hathern Road
Shepshed, Loughborough
LE12 gGX, U.K.
Phone +44 (O) 15O9 601141
FAX +44 (0) 15Og 601091

TLXI 06 Weather Station
Table of Contents
1. Preparation and Siting
1.1 Installation Tasks ................... 1-1
1.1.1 Indoors .....1-l
1.1.2 Outdoors................. ......1-l
1.2 Tools Required...... ................. l-l
1.2.1 Tools for Tower Installation... ...........l-2
1.2.2 Tools for Instrumentation and Maintenance ...........l-2
1.2.3 Supplies for Power and Communications Options ...................... 1-3
1.3 Siting and Exposure ............... 1-3
1.3.1 Wind Speed and Direction...... ........... 1-3
1.3.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity...... ................. l-3
1.4 Determining True North for Wind Vane Orientation .......l-4
1.4.1 Prompts from GEOMAG .................. 1-5
2. TLXl06 Tower Installation
3. TLX1 06
3.1
3.2
al
3.4
4. TLX106
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Instrumentation I nstal lation
Enclosure, Datalogger, Power SuppIy......... .....................3-2
3.1.1 Battery Option Installation ................3-2
3.1.2 Solar Panel Installation.............. ........3-2
3.1.3 AC Power Installation............ ...........3-3
3.1.4 Enclosure Installation.................. ......3-3
Sensor Connection... ...............3-4
Communication and Data Storage Peripherals ................. 3-5
3.3.1 Phone Modems...... .......3-6
3.3.2 Short-Haul Modem.. .....3-7
Sealing and Desiccating the Enclosure..... ........................3-9
Sensor Arm Installation
Components. ......4-l
Installation... ......4-l
Sensor Connection... ...............4-2
034,4. Wind Sensor Installation... .................4-2
RH and Temperature Radiation Shield........... ..................4-3

TLX|06 Weather Station Table of Contents
5.
4.6 Pyranometer.............. .............4-3
4.7 Sensor Verification and Clock Set................ ....................4-3
4.8 Sensor Schematics... ...............4-4
Software Installation and Settings
5.1 Measure Sensors and Process Data............. ......................5-l
5.2 Software Install and Settings .......................5-l
5.3 Create Message....... ................5-7
Maintenance and Troubleshooting
6.1 Maintenance............... ............6-1
6. L I Instrumentation Maintenance ............. 6- 1
6.1.2 8atteies................. .......6-l
6.1.3 Desiccant............... .......6-1
6.1.4 Sensor Maintenance ......6-2
6.2 Troubleshooting......... .............6-3
6.2.1NoResponseUsingtheKeypad......... .....................6-3
6.2.2 No Response from Datalogger through SC32A or
Modem Peripheral.... ....................6-3
6.2.3 -99999 Displayed in an Input Location...... .............6-4
6.2.4 Unreasonable Results Displayed in an Input Location.................6-4
6.
Figures
1.3-1. Effect of Structure on Wind F1ow............ ....................1-4
1.4-1 Magnetic Declination for the Contiguous United States .................... l-5
1.4-2 Declination Angles East of True North Are Subtracted from
0 to Get True North... .....1-'7
1.4-3 Declination Angles West of True North Are Added to 0
to Get True North........... .....................1-8
2.1-1 TLXI06 Tower Installation... ...................2-l
2.1-2 TLXIO6 Tower Base Installation............... ...................2-3
2.2-1 Raising and Grounding the TLX106 Tower....... ...........2-4
3- I TLXI06 Instrumentation Mounted on the ET Tower............................ 3- I
3.1-1 Rechargeable Power Mounting Connections.............. ........................3-2
3.1-2 Solar Panel Mountin9................ ...............3-2
3.1-3 Mounting and Grounding the TLXI06 Enclosure .........3-4
3.2-1PositionofSensorBulkheadConnectors... ....................3-5
3.3-1 Phone Modem Mounting and Connections............... .....3-6
3.3-2 Short-Haul Modem Mounting and Connection..................................3-7
3.3-3 ShorrHaul Modem Wiring Diagram....... ......................3-9
3.4-1 Desiccant Installation.................. ....-...-..3-10
4.2-l TLX106 Sensor Arm Mounting.................. ..................4-1
4.4-l Wind and RFVTemperature Sensor Installation... ..........4-2
4.6-1 Pyranometer Leveling.................. ............4-3
4.8-l Schematic of HMP45C-LC RH Temperature Probe and
Connector #l ................ .......................4-5
4.8-2 Schematic of 034A-LC Wind Speed and Direction Probe and
Connector #2 ................ ...-........-.-.-.-....4-5
4.8-3 Schematic of LI200X-LC Solar Radiation Sensor and
Connector #3 ................ .......................4-6
4.8-4 Schematic of T8525-LC Rain Sensor and Connector #5 .............. .....4-6

TLX|06 Weather Station Table of Contents
Proline software provides an easy-to-use message editor........... ...... 5-7
The available options provided by the source menu are shown .........5-8
When the weather station source has been chosen. several
meteorological conditions reported in various units are
provided under the field menu 5-8
III

TLX|06 Weather Station Table of Contents

Section 7. Preparation and Siting
These guidelines apply to several Campbell Scientific weather stations.
1.1 Installation tasks
1.1.1 lndoors r Immediately upon receipt of your shipment...
= Open shipping cartons.
- Check contents against invoice. Contact CSI immediately about any
shortages.
o Several days prior to the planned installation date...
+ Collect tools and site information (Section l)
- Repackage equipment for transport to the field site
1,1.2 Outdoors o Locate suitable site (Section 1)
o Prepare tower (Section 2)
r TLX106 Stations:
= Place instrumentation enclosure low on the TLX106 Tower (Section
3)
+ Install sensor option (Section 4)
(Section 3)
1.2 Tools Required
Tools required to install and maintain a weather station are listed below.
1-1

Section 1. Preparation and
1.2.1 Tools for
1.2.2 Tools for
Tower Installation
All Towers
Shovel
Rake
Open end wrenches: 3/8,7116,y2", (2) 9116"
Magnetic compass
6' Step ladder
TLX106 Tower
Tape measure (12' to 20')
Claw hammer
Level (24" ro 36" )
Hand saw
Materials for concrete form:
(4) l" x 2" x 12" stakes
(2) 2" x4" x96" lumber
(12) 8p double-head nails
(8) 16p double-head nails
20 ft form wire
YzYard concrete
Concrete trowel, edger
Electrical Fish tape or 20 feet of small diameter rope
Wheelbarrow
Instrumentation and Maintenance
All Towers
Lock and key for enclosure
Magnetic declination angle (Section 4)
Magnetic compass
Straight bit screwdrivers (small, medium, large)
Phillips-head screwdrivers (small, medium)
Small diagonal side-cuts
Needle-nose pliers
Wire strippers
Pocket knife
Calculator
Volt/ Ohm Meter
Electrical Tape
Step ladder (6')
Datalogger prompt sheet
Station manuals
Station log and pen
Open end wrenches: 318,7116",y2", (2) 9/16
Socket wrench andTll6" deep well socket
Adjustable wrench
Pliers
Conduit and associated tools (as required)
Felt-tipped marking pen
Claw hammer
Pipe wrench (12")
1-2

Section 1. Preparation and Siting
1.2)g Supplies for Power and Communications Options
AC Power
Wire, conduit, and junction boxes as needed
Phone Modem
Hayes compatible calling modem for PC
Phone line to weather station or iunction box
Short-Haul Modem
4 Conductor communications cable from PC to weather station or junction box
6' copper ground rod and clamp for PC surge protection (optional)
1.3 Siting and Exposure
CAUTION lf any part of the weather station comes in contact with
power lines, you could be killed. Contact local utilities for
the location of buried utility lines before digging or driving
ground rods.
Selecting an appropriate site for the weather station is critical in order to obtain
accurate meteorological data. In general, the site should be representative of
the general area ofinterest, and away from the influence ofobstructions such as
buildings and trees.
The weather station should not be located where sprinkler inigation water will
strike sensors or insffument enclosure.
Some general guidelines for site selection are listed below, which were
condensed from EPA (1988)', WMO ( 1983F, and AASC (1985)3 publications.
1.3.1 Wind Speed and Direction
Wind sensors should be located over open level terrain, and at a distance of at
least ten times (EPA) the height of any nearby building, tree or other
obstruction, as illustrated in Figure 1.3-1.
1.3.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity
Sensors should be located over an open level area at least 9 m (EPA) in
diameter. The surface should be covered by short grass, or where grass does
not grow, the natural earth surface. Sensors should be located at a distance of at
least four times the height of any nearby obstruction and at least 30 m (EPA)
from large paved areas. Sensors should be protected from thermal radiation,
and adequately ventilated.
1-3

Section 1.
Situations to avoid include:
o large industrial heat sources
. rooftops
r steep slopes
r sheltered hollows
. high vegetation
r shaded areas
. swamps
. areas where snow drifts occur
o low places holding standing water after rains
l|]
I -H, II
ru# pt
H-./
# -'-
fl
tH
FIGURE 1.3-1. Effect of Structure on Wind Flow
-l @
v
1.4 Determining True North for Wind Vane Orientatio
Magnetic declination, or other methods to find True North, should be determ
prior to installing the weather station. True North is usually found by reading a
magnetic compass and applying the correction for magnetic declination*; whe
magnetic declination is the number of degrees between True North and
North. Magnetic declination for a specific site can be obtained from a USFA
F
o
o
-
'o
r
1-4
local airport, or through a computer service offered by the USFS called GEO

Section 1. Preparation and Siting
(Section 1.4.1). A general map showing magnetic declination for the contiguous
United States is shown in Figure 1.4-1.
Declination angles east ofTrue North are considered negative, and are subtracted
from 0 degrees to get True North as shown Figure 1.4-2. Declination angles west
ofTrue North are con-sidered positive, and are added to 0 degrees to get True
North as shown in Figure 1.4-3. For example, the declination for Logan, Utah is
16" East. True North is 360' - 76", or 344" as read on a compass.
* Other methods employ observations using the North Star or the sun, and
are discussed in the Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume IV - Meteorological Measurements4.
Subtract declination from 360o
FIGURE 1.4-1. Magnetic Declination for the Contiguous United Sfafes
1.4.1 Prompts from GEOMAG
GEOMAG is accessed by phone with a PC and telephone modem, and a
communications program such as GraphTerm (PC208 Software). GEOMAG
prompts the caller for site latitude, longitude, and elevation, which it uses to
determine the magnetic declination and annual change. The following
information, menu, and prompts are from GEOMAG:
GEOMAG is a user-friendly program that provides estimates of the
geomagnetic field elements, including declination and total field intensity,
based upon Magnetic Models. The program is accessible by modem.
Modem Access:
Modem settings: No parity, 8 data bits, and I stop bit (i.e., N81)
1-5

Section 1.
Telephone numbers:
Phone Number Baud Rates
303-273-8612 2400
303-273-8673 1200
303-273-8678 1200
Upon carrier-signal detection, press Return once or twice.
If you are using one of the commercial numbers, the following prompts will
appear. Type the responses shown (followed by pressing RETURN):
MAIN MENU
Type
a for Quick Epicenter Determinations (QED)
L for Earthquake Lists (EQLIST)
M for Geomagnetic Field Values (GEOMAG)
X to log out
Enter program option: M
Would you like information on how to run GEOMAG (Yn\D? N
Options:
I = Field Values (D,I, H, X,Z,F)
2 = Magnetic Pole Positions
3 = Dipole Axis and Magnitude
4 = Magnetic Center [1] : I
Display values twice [N]: press return
Name of field model [USCON9O]: press return
GLDSVI> c neis
Username: QED
Date
Latitude
Longitude
Elevation
Model: USCON90
Date:7/27/93
D
deg min
15 59.6
Annual change:
0 -6.1
Example of report generated by GEOMAG:
IRETURN]
IRETURN]
[current date]: press return
:4212N
: llll5l/2W
: 4454 ft
Latitude:4212N
Longitude: lll/51/2W
Elevation: 4454.0 tt
1-6

Section 1. Preparation and Siting
Exiting:
Press "Cntrl-Z" to exit GEOMAG.
When the main menu reappears either select another option or type "X" to
log out.
If you used one of the commercial numbers, the GLDSVI> prompt will
reappear.
Type "LO" to disconnect.
Use of GEOMAG is free (except for telephone charges). If possible, please
avoid using
GEOMAG between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., mountain time, Monday through Friday,
The declination in the example above is listed as 15 degrees and 59.6 minutes.
Expressed in degrees, this would be 15.99 degrees. As shown in Figure 1.4-1,
the declination for Utah is east, so True North for this site is 360 - 15.99, or 344
degrees" The annual change is -6.1 minutes.
NEEDLE POINTS TO
MAGNETIC NORTH
FIGURE 1.4-2. Declination Angles East of True North Are Subtracted
From 0 to Get True North
TRUE NORTH
1-7

Section 1.
TRUE NORTH
NEEDLE POINTS TO
MAGNETIC NORTH
FIGURE 1.4-3. Declination Angles West of True North Are Added to
to Get True North
1-8

Section 2, TLXI 06 Tower Installation
DANGER
CAUTION
Transformer
Do not install near power lines. lf any part of the tower
comes in contact with power lines you could be
KILLED. Contact local utilities for the location of
buried utility lines before digging or driving grounding
rods.
Do not fit the 3 meter TLX106 Tower sections together until
the appropriate time. Once attached, they cannot be
detached.
The TLX106 Tower provides a support structure for mounting the TLX106
weather station components. Figure 2.1-1 shows a typical TLX106 Tower
installation option. The tower is designed to withstand winds of 100 mph. The
lightning rod assembly is attached after the instrumentation enclosure is
installed (Section 3. 1).
User Supplied
Junction Box
16 VAC
Power Valve Box
ET Tower
110 VAC
Giound
noo
/
/
/ ;;**;;i""ii*e
'Llfle.,.'.""" '': " "'
/.
/
a Concieib
...,:.BaSe,
FIGURE 2.1-1. TLX|06 Tower lnstallation
2-1

Section 2. TLX|06 Tower lnstallation
2.1 Base Installation
2.1.1 Supplied Gomponents
2.1.2 Installation
l.
(3) r/z inch L-Bolts
(9) /z inch Nuts
(l) Anchor Template
Refer to Section I for components supplied by installer.
The TLX106 Tower attaches to a user supplied concrete foundation
constructed as shown in Fisure 2.1-2.
Construct the concrete form with 2" x 4" lumber and 16p nails.
Assemble the template and anchor bolts. There should be two nuts below
and one nut above the template on each bolt.
Clear an area large enough to set the form at the desired elevation. 4.
3.
5. Dig a hole 2feetx2feetx 2 feet. Lighter soils may require a deeper
About 20 inches below the top of the hole, gouge a small cavity in one
wall ofthe hole. The cavity should be about 4 inches deep andjust large
enough in diameter to insert one end of the conduit. Make certain the
cavity "points" in the direction from which power and communications
cables will come.
6. Center the form over the hole. Adjacent to the form, drive four stakes in
the soil. Secure the leveled form to the stakes with the 8p nails.
7 . Cap the ends of the conduit with duct tape. Position the conduit and wire
into place by securing the wire to nails in the form.
8. Fill the hole and form with approximately r/z yard of concrete. Screed the
concrete level with the top of the form. Center the template assembly
the conduit and press into the concrete. Put 2 x 4 spacers between the
template and the top of the form. The bottom of the bolt threads should
aboutVz inch above the concrete. The template must be level in two
dimensions. Use a trowel and edser to finish.
9. Wait24 hours before removing the concrete form. Wait 7 days before
mountinq the TLX106 Tower.
2-2