CASSENS & PLATH Reflecta/5 User manual

Magnetic Reflector Reading Device
REFLECTA/5
Operation - Installation
Cassens & Plath GmbH
Manufacturers of Nautical Equipment
Am Lunedeich 131
D-27572 Bremerhaven, Germany
Tel. [phone]
Fax. [phone]
[email protected]
www.cassens-plath.de

Introduction, General REFLECTA/5
Page A2 Mounting & Operations Manual
Content
Introduction, General
Compass Binnacle, Outline...................................................................................................................A3
General..................................................................................................................................................A4
Technical Data ......................................................................................................................................A4
Range of Delivery..................................................................................................................................A5
Approvals...............................................................................................................................................A5
Operation
How to Read the Heading.....................................................................................................................B1
Adjustment of Mirror Head ....................................................................................................................B1
Direct Reading of Heading on the Compass Bridge.............................................................................B2
Removing/Attaching of Binnacle Hood..................................................................................................B2
Taking Bearings ....................................................................................................................................B2
Shadow Pin ...........................................................................................................................................B3
Removing the Compass out of the Binnacle.........................................................................................B3
Spare Compass.....................................................................................................................................B3
Maintenance of Compass and Compass Binnacle...............................................................................B3
Compass Adjustment
General..................................................................................................................................................C1
A-Correction ..........................................................................................................................................C1
B+C-Correction......................................................................................................................................C1
D(μ)-Correction......................................................................................................................................C2
D(cylinder)-Correction...........................................................................................................................C3
Heeling-Correction ................................................................................................................................C3
E-Correction ..........................................................................................................................................C5
Mainenance, Errors, Repair
Maintenance
Lubrication of Compass Suspensions ........................................................................................D1
Compass Routine Service ..........................................................................................................D1
Replacing Bulbs..........................................................................................................................D1
Cleaning of Reflector Optics.......................................................................................................D2
Errors, Diagnosis and Help
Visible Compass Errors ..............................................................................................................D3
Indication Errors..........................................................................................................................D3
Replacement of compass ...........................................................................................................D3
Workshop Repair of Compass..............................................................................................................D5
Installation
Procedure, Outline ................................................................................................................................E1
Range of Delivery..................................................................................................................................E1
Location of Binnacle, Magnetic Requirements......................................................................................E2
Location of Binnacle, Constructional Requirements.............................................................................E3
Optical Arrangement (Reflection Tube), Requirements for Installation ................................................ E4
Compass Foundation, Cut-outs and Drillings .......................................................................................E5
Installation of the Optical Arrangement (Reflection Tube)....................................................................E6
Installation of Compass Binnacle..........................................................................................................E8
Illumination ..........................................................................................................................................E10
Illumination Dimmer.............................................................................................................................E10
Replacing of the Bulbs ........................................................................................................................E10
Wiring ..................................................................................................................................................E11
Setting into Operation, Function Tests & Preparing of Adjustment ....................................................E12
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Introduction, General REFLECTA/5
Page A3 Mounting & Operations Manual
Compass Binnacle, Outline
As to be seen from ahead as to be seen from astern
6
4
7
3
8 9
10
2
3
4
5
1
1
1 Hood (turn and remove) 6 Compass
2 Binnacle Base 7 Fixing flange of reflection tube
3 Compass bridge 8 Knurled knob for reflection mirror
4 Reflection tube 9 Reflection mirror
5 Mirror head with aperture 10 Foundation
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Introduction, General REFLECTA/5
Page A4 Mounting & Operations Manual
General
Magnetic compasses have to be installed in a sufficient distance to any magnetic iron as well as to the different
navigational instruments. Therefore the preferred location is the compass bridge. To read the heading at the
helmsman´s position inside the wheelhouse one makes use of a reflection arrangement. This is an optical
arrangement consisting of magnification lenses and mirrors. According to SOLAS regulations the remote
reading has to be independent of electrical means.
The magnetic compass is found within the compass column. It is easy to remove and to replace with another
one. Spare magnetic compasses are obligatory according to SOLAS.
In spite of the distance to any magnetic source a deflecting influence -the deviation- cannot be totally excluded.
For correction of these residual errors the compass has to be equipped with separate correctors.
Installation of magnetic compasses and the requirements for their location are laid down in basic national and
international regulations. These are IMO A.382(X) and SOLAS consolidated Edition, Chapter V, regulation 12.
The technical and design requirements for magnetic compasses are laid down in ISO 25862:2009(E) as well as
in the relevant national documents. REFLECTA/5 fullfills all these regulations for costal navigation.
Technical Data
Compass Binnacle
Card height..........................................................................................................................210 - 600 mm
Total height......................................................................................................................... 510 - 900 mm
Maximum width measured over D-cylinders ................................................................................800 mm
Weight of binnacle and compass complete................................................................................ net 30 kg
Material of binnacle column................................................................seawater resistant light alloy, RFG
Built-in correctors................................................................................................................................... no
Reflector/steering compass type 21
Diameter of directional system..................................................................................................... 160 mm
Orientations of card printing from below for reflection reading .................................................N below N
Card division........................................................................................................................................1/1°
Magnet................................................................................................................................................Ring
Magnetic moment...............................................................................................................typically 2 Am2
Damping factor ....................................................................................................................... typically 3.3
Working temperature range............................................................................................. -30°C .... +65°C
Swirl error accroding to ISO 25862:2009(E) ....................................................................................< 1.6°
Friction-/north error according ISO 25862:2009(E)..........................................................................< 0.5°
Half period .......................................................................................................................................13 sec
Tilt freedom of card within compass bowl .......................................................................................+/- 10°
Rolling/pitching tolerance of compass in gimbal suspension........................................................+/- 180°
Weight................................................................................................................................................10 kg
Reflection arrangement
Type CUTUBE .....................................................................................length 1000 mm to be cut by yard
Type FIXTUBE................................................................................... ready adjusted in length at delivery
Diameter of tube........................................................................................................................... 125 mm
Material...............................................................................................................................................PVC
Turning range of mirror head..............................................................................................................360°
Swivel range of reflection mirror, black and white..............................................................................360°
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Introduction, General REFLECTA/5
Page A5 Mounting & Operations Manual
Range of delivery
Compass Column
• Reflector compass column individually adjusted in height with mounting pieces, hood without window,
magnetic steering compass Type/21.
Built-in Correctors
no
Separate Correctors (Extras)
• B+C-corrector magazine (#18100), consisting of 3 magazines with 4 bar magnets 100 mm long x 10 mm ∅
(at delivery inserted in magnet magazine behind B+C-corrector).
• D(μ)-Correctors (#12200)with centre pivot, glued to top cover glass of compass. Set of weak iron induction
metal plates.
• D(cylinder)-Correctors (#12050) with mounting brackes. Mounted to port and starboard of the binnacle
column.
Reflection tube
• Reflection tube with mirror head and mounting flange, rubber gasket.
Accessories as option
Instruction are included separately as required.
Approvals
Type/21 compass is type approved by German BSH and European MED for coastal use.
MED - European Community .................................. BSH/4612/4011402/09
Certificates of Lloyds Register of Shipping LRS, German Lloyd GL, Amercian Bureau of Shipping ABS can be
supplied on request.
Type/21 compass fullfills the international specifications: ISO 25862:2009(E), IMO A.382(X), SOLAS (1992,
Chapter V, Regulation 12) as well as IMO High Speed Craft-Code MSC 36 (63) May 1994.
The required approval has to be stated with order because there are technical differences.
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Operation REFLECTA/5
Page B1 Mounting & Operations Manual
Operation
How to Read the Heading
It should be possible to read the heading clearly from a distance of 1 m from the mirror head in the wheelhouse
at the helmsman´s position. The image has to be centric to the field of view. The figures are upright and on both
sides of the lubber mark an area of minimum 15° should be visible.
Use an illumination dimmer (as option) for brightness control to be operated from the helmsman´s position.
In case of long optical ways (long by-passes) the picture may be much smaller then the reflection mirror.
030 040 050 060 030 040 050 060
Short optical way: large image Long optical way: small image
Adjustment of Mirror Head
Reflection tube
Mirror head
Take the rotary knobs here by hand
to turn and swivel reflection mirror
Reflection mirror.
White mirror for daylight use,
black mirror for night use.
Maintenance: Clean reflection mirrors with a weak, not scratching cloth. The axles of the rotary knob have to be
oiled from time to time. Clean the lens inside the binnacle column from time to time. For this remove the
compass from the binnacle column and the lens will be seen.
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Operation REFLECTA/5
Page B2 Mounting & Operations Manual
Direct Reading of Heading on the Compass Bridge
Remove the hood. Read the heading at the ahead lubber mark of the compass.
The second, aft orientated lubber mark is for officer´s inspection. Add here 180° correction to get the ship´s
heading.
Removing/Attaching of Binnacle Hood
Take hood with both hands
Loosen two knurled knobs
Turn hood and lift
When closing the binnacle again
carefully secure the hood by fixing
the knurled knob!
Maintenance: Guiding surface of hood should be lubricated from time to time.
Taking Bearings (optional only)
REFLECTA/4 includes as standard a steering type compass without a graduated scale on top for taking
bearings. A bearing compass type is an option. So a vane type azimuth device with shadow pin is not included
in the standard range of delivery but can be supplied as extra.
To apply (if a bearing compas type is used) remove the binnacle hood to set up the azimuth device onto the
centre pivot of the upper compass cover glass. Open object (wire) sight vane and ocular (slit) sight vane. Use
the circular peep in the ocular (slit) sight vane for a rough pick-up of the bearing mark. For accurate bearing use
the slit of the ocular sight-vane.
Compass bearing (azimuth) of land marks up tp 30° of elevation:
Read the compass card as illustrated below.
Relative bearing of land marks up to 30° of elevation:
Read the graduated verge ring of the compass at the index of the ocular sight-vane. The scale ring is marked
all-round. If semi-circuar bearings are required subtract 360° from the all-round value for objects port side of the
vessel. The starboard bearings remain unchanged.
Sun or star azimuth by azimuth mirror:
The black mirror at the object sight-vane can be hinged up and down according to the star height. The darkness
is suitable to allow sun observations (before make sure that sun will not dazzle!). Read the bearing as required
at the divided verge ring of the compass or at the compass card. Make sure that the compass is horizontal
balanced. It is not recommended to take bearings of astronomical objects heigher that 45° because each
accidental inclination of the compass will distort the measurement.
Slit sight (ocular side)
Wire sight (object side)
Foldable black mirror
for sun azimuth
Reading of relative bearings
Reading of compass bearings
Certre pivot for guiding the azimuth device
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Operation REFLECTA/5
Page B3 Mounting & Operations Manual
While taking bearings make sure that the compass is horizontally levelled!
Maintenance: The turning joints of both sight-vanes and of the black mirror as well as the centre hole should be
oiled from time to time. Clean and tighten the wire of the wire sight-vane. The azimuth device should be easy to
rotate on the centre pivot and should not clatter when turned.
Shadow Pin (optional only)
Only in combination with bearing compasses. As standard REFLECTA/4 includes a steering compass without a
graduated scale on top. A shadow pin is stowed in the wooden box of the azimuth device (as extra only). This
can be inserted into the drilling of the centre pivot. Now the sun´s shade can easily be recognized on the white
compass card. The shadow direction makes it possible to calculate the compass deviation and to adjust the
compass.
Shadow pin
Centre pivot
Removing the Compass out of the Binnacle
Remove the hood and the compass and its suspensions fore and aft will be visible. These are covered by safety
plates to fix the compass in its position. Loosen the screws of the safety plates and remove the compass. If a
detector is fitted watch the cables! Unfit the detector cables either by removing the connector or by unscrewing
the wires in a junction box. Dont remove the detector itself from the compass, because this destroys the
alignment!
When reinstalling the compass make sure that the detector cable does not obscure the reflection channel.
Furthermore the cable should not be in direct neighbourhood to the illumination bulbs because the heat may
destroy the insulation. In addition the cables should not limit the compass movement.
The compass is marked by an ahead label. The zero marking of the divided verge ring shows to aft.
Ahead marking of compass
Unscrew safety plate to remove the
compass
Spare Compass
Store spare compass upside down to reduce friction of the pivot.
Maintenance of Compass and Compass Binnacle
Refer to chapter “Maintenance, Errors, Repair“
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Compass Adjustment REFLECTA/5
Page C1 Mounting & Operations Manual
Adjustment of the Compass
General
Compass adjustment is necessary to neutralize the deflecting magnetic fields caused by the ship´s steel hull or
superstructure.
The first adjustment has to be made on maiden voyage. Later, it should be repeated periodically according to
the requirements of the maritime authority. Furthermore it should be carried out additionally on particular
circumstances like reconstruction works, lightning stroke, grounding .....
It is necessary to call a qualified compass adjuster for adjustment works.
Before adjustment the vessel must be ready for sea: cargo derricks, hatchway covers, davits.....are to be
positioned as on voyage.
Further details will be found in “Handbook of Compass Adjustment“, Pub. 226 of U.S. Department of Defense,
Defense Mapping Agency.
A-Correction
This is to correct the alignment error of the compass binnacle: Compass ahead and ships ahead have to be
corresponding. For correction loosen the binnacle fixing bolts in the base. Oblong holes in the base allow to turn
the binnacle column by +/-5° around its vertical axis.
Separate B+C-Correction magazines (#18100, Extra)
B+C are for adjustment of the permanent longitudinal and cross ship field.
3 pcs of varnished wooden magazines with 6 pcs ISO magnets (200 mm long x 10 mm ∅). The magnets are
stored within one of the magazines.
This corrector arrangement adjusts about 35° of deviation if compass and magazines are mounted as directed.
Unscrew the side covers to make out the drillings to insert the magnets.
For B-adjustment install one each magazine at port and starboard of the compass as to be seen from the
following drawing 1. The magnets have to be exact parallel to ship´s longitude.
The remaining C-magazine can be fixed ahead or aft of the compass. The magnets have to be exact to ship´s
cross direction.
The distance between the nearest points of compass and corrector magazine should be 200 mm.The magazine
plane may be orientated horizontal, vertical or every angle between (drawing 2). It is essential to have the B-
magnets parallel to ship´s longitudinal direction and the C-magnets parallel to ship´s cross direction. Protect the
magazines against water!
After Installation adjustment of compass by a professional compass adjuster is necessary.
Drawing 1) Arrangement as to be seen from above
Voraus
Ahead
B-magnets, longitudinal
B-Magnete, längsschiffs
B-magnets,
exact longitudina
l
B-Magnete,
Compass Column
Kompass Säule abt. 20 cm
ca. 20 cm
exakt längsschiffs C-magnets, cross orientated.
Magazine also alternatively to
install ahead of compass
C-Magnete, querschiffs.
Tasche kann auch voraus vom
Kompass montiert sein.
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Compass Adjustment REFLECTA/5
Page C2 Mounting & Operations Manual
Drawing 2) Alternative Positions of Magazines, Side View
Abbildung 2) Alternative Anordnung der Taschen, von der Seite gesehen
B, C magazines, side view.
Here vertically mounted.
B, C Taschen, seitlich
gesehen. Hier vertikal montiert B, C Taschen, seitlich
gesehen. Hier horizontal
montiert.
Magazines abt. 20 cm Distance to binnacle
Magazine ca. 20 cm Abstand zur Säule
B, C magazines,
side view. Here
horizontally mounted.
D(
μ )-Corrector (#12200, Extra)
The D(μ)-corrector is the usual D-corrector for coastal navigation, so it is the standard corrector for
REFLECTA/5 reflector reading device and ist compass. For coastal navigation means, that this type of corrector
cannot be used for a wide range of magnetic latitudes. If the compass shall be used for high seas navigation the
D(cylinder)-corrector #12050 has to be installed.
The D-corrector is to adjust the induced weak magnetic field caused by the magnetic iron hull or superstructure
of the vessel. It can neutralize 6° of deviation (heading error). The correction by μ-metal induction sheets works
on needle induction and will vary with magnetic latitude. Therefore it is intended only for limited voyage in
coastal navigation, on fishing vessels or tugs.
The D-corrector arrangement consists of a centre pivot and 2x4 weak iron μ-metal stripes of different length.
The centre pivot is fixed (or has to be glued) at the centre of the upper (standard) or lower cover glass of the
compass. Slits in cross ship direction. Use stripes of suitable length and fasten these with the screw at the
centre pivot.
Insert μ -stripes of suitable length into the
slits and fix it by the screw.
μ-Streifen geeigneter Länge seitlich in die
Schlitze einführen und mit Schraube
festklemmen.
μ
-stripes / μ-Streifen
Fixing screw / Feststellschraube
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]