Cessna Skyhawk 172N Service manual

Latest Revision: September 20th, 2022 1
This maneuvers flow guide is intended to be used as a ready reference and provides only the basic
steps and sequences. This guide should be used in conjunction with most current versions of FAA-H-
8083-3, the FAA Airmen Certification Standards, Practical Test Standards, and the Pilot's Operating
Handbook for the Cessna Skyhawk.
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Cessna 172N Skyhawk
Quick Reference Manual

2
1.Preflight/Normal Operations
2.Engine Starting
3.Takeoff Operations
4.Performance Maneuvers
5.Ground Reference Maneuvers
6.Landing Operations
7.Instrument Procedures
8.Emergency Procedures

3
Preflight/Normal Operations
Weight and Balance
1. Max Gross Weight....................................................................................................... 2550 lbs
2. Taxi Fuel Burn................................................................................................................... 8 lbs
V-Speeds
VS0................................................................. 41
VS1................................................................. 47
VFE................................................................ 85
VNO............................................................. 128
VNE............................................................. 160
VX................................................................. 59
VG................................................................. 65
VY................................................................. 73
VA............................................................ 89-97
X-Wind......................................................... 17
Leaning Procedures
1. Lean Assist...................................................................................................................... Hold
2. Mixture Level............................................................................ Lean Until 1st Cylinder Peaks
3. Mixture Level....................................................................................................... Enrich 100oF

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Engine Starting
Engine Start (Fouled Spark Plugs)
1. Brakes................................................................................................................................. Hold
2. Throttle............................................................................................................ Open 2000 RPM
3. Mixture........................................................................................................... Lean 50 o of Peak
4. Engine............................................................................................................. Run ~30 Seconds
5. Engine RPM/PFD Indicators.......................................................................... Monitor/DECIDE
6. Magnetos (L/R).......................................................... Max 175 RPM Drop / 50 RPM Difference
7. Throttle.............................................................................................................................. Retard
8. Mixture......................................................................................... Advance to 100 o Rich of Peak
•If Roughtness/RPM Differences Do Not Impove Seek Maintenance
Description:
Fouling is created by excessively rich fuel/air mixtures during prolonged ground maneuvers and/or failure to properly lean the mixture during
flight and causes a buildup of carbon deposits. If left unchecked, spark plug fouling results in engine roughness, hot spots, and detonation.
Common Errors:
•Not leaning the mixture while on the ground
•Engine overheating due to high oil temperatures during prolonged runup
•Failure to hold the brakes
Engine Start (Flooded)
1. Brakes................................................................................................................................. Hold
2. Throttle....................................................................................................................... Open Full
3. Fuel Pump.............................................................................................................................. On
4. Mixture................................................................................................................... Idle Cut-Off
5. Engine/PFD Indicators................................................................................... Monitor/DECIDE
6. Magnetos......................................................................................................... Select Both/Start
7. Mixture (On Start)..................................................................................................Advance Full
8. Throttle............................................................................................................................. Retard
9. Oil Pressure........................................................................................................................................ Check
•If a Fire Begins, proceed to Engine Fire (Starting)
Description:
Excessive priming can result in a fuel/air mixture that is too rich. Reducing the mixture (fuel) while increasing the amount of air (throttle) can
equalize this imbalance and start the motor.
Common Errors:
•Not reducing the mixture to idle before starting
•Failure to reduce the throttle
•Failure to hold the brakes

5
Takeoff Operations
Normal Takeoff
1. Flaps.................................................................................................................................... Up
2. Rotate.......................................................................................................................... 55 KTS
3. Climb Out................................................................................................................... 73 KTS
Soft Field Takeoff
1. Flaps..................................................................................................................................... 20o
2. Pitch......................................................................................................... Start Yoke Full Back
3. Lift Off................................................................................................................. Early as Able
4. Flaps....................................................................................................... 10owith Positive Rate
5. Flaps..................................................................................................................... Up at 73 KTS
6. Climb Out...................................................................................................................... 80 KTS
Description:
Soft or rough runway surfaces (grass, sand, snow) require getting the airplane airborne as quickly as possible to eliminate surface
drag. Shift weight from the landing gear to the wings via a high AOA to accomplish this. Then fly within ground effect increases
airspeed after takeoff.
Common Errors:
•Insufficient back pressure during roll resulting in inadequate AOA
•Poor directional control
•Climbing outside of ground effect too early
•Abrupt and/or excessive elevator control inputs
•Touching back down after lift-off
•Failure to adjust pitch outside of ground effect

6
Short Field Takeoff
1. Flaps..................................................................................................................................... 20o
2. Full Stop................................................................................... Maximum Available Runaway
3. Takeoff Power........................................................................................................... Verify Set
4. Brakes............................................................................................................................ Release
5. Rotate............................................................................................................................ 55 KTS
6. Climb Out............................................................................... 59 KTS until clear, then 73 KTS
Description:
When the runway area is short or restricted by obstructions, the airplane must be flown precisely at its maximum limit of takeoff
performance. This results in the shortest ground roll and steepest angle of climb.
Common Errors:
•Failure to utilize all available runway distance
•Failure to properly trim
•Premature lift-off resulting in high drag
•Prolonging ground roll
•Inability to hold Vx
•Airspeed/instrument fixation
•Premature retraction of landing gear and/or flaps

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Performance Maneuvers
Flow Checklist
1. Fuel Selector........................................................................................................ Fullest Tank
2. Throttle.................................................................................................................... 2300 RPM
3. Mixture.................................................................................................................. As Required
4. Carb Heat.............................................................................................................. As Required
5. Fuel Pump............................................................................................................. As Required
6. Clearing Turns........................................................................................................... Complete
Description:
Necessary to safely prepare the aircraft for any maneuvers and ensure separation from other traffic.
Slow Flight
* Perform Flow Checklist
1. Altitude....................................................................................................... .Above 1500’ AGL
2. Throttle..................................................................................................................... 1700 RPM
3. Flaps............................................................................................................ Full, Incrementally
4. Airspeed........................................................................................... 47 KTS (Just Above Stall)
5. Throttle........................................................................................... As Required (~2200 RPM)
6. Recovery
7. Throttle................................................................................................................................ Full
8. Flaps....................................................................................................... Retract, Incrementally
Description:
Low airspeed and high AOA attitudes, while at altitude, simulates the flight characteristics, incipient stall-warnings, and control feel
experienced during takeoff/departure and approach/landing phases of flight.
Common Errors:
•Incorrect elevator input resulting in an ascent or descent after power reduction
•Insufficient right rudder compensation
•Flight instrument fixation
•Failure to anticipate AOA changes with flap settings
•Lack of trim usage
•Delayed response to stall warnings

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Steep Turns
* Perform Flow Checklist
1. Altitude........................................................................................................ Above 1500’ AGL
2. Airspeed........................................................................................................................ 90 KTS
3. Bank........................................................................................................................... 45o or 50o
4. Trim..................................................................................................................... 2 Full Swipes
5. Throttle...................................................................................................... Increase ~100 RPM
6. Recover.................................................................... Wings Level, Remove Throttle and Trim
Description:
Pilot smoothness and coordination is tested throughout multiple 360°turns while banked at 45-60°. Management of bank, AOA
(pitch), and power are critical to maintaining a consistent turn.
Common Errors:
•Inadequate pitch on entry or rollout
•Gaining/Losing altitude or airspeed
•Failure to maintain a constant bank angle
•Uncoordinated Controls
•Ineffective use of Power
•Premature/Excessive rollout on heading
•Over-reliance on instrument instead of visual references
Power-On Stall
* Perform Flow Checklist
1. Altitude.............................................................................................. Above 1500’ AGL
2. Throttle........................................................................................................... 1700 RPM
3. Airspeed............................................................................................................... 65 KTS
4. Throttle...................................................................................................................... Full
5. Pitch..................................................................................... As Required to Induce Stall
Recovery
6. Unload Wing........................................................................... Nose Down, Wings Level
7. Cram............................................................................................................. Full Throttle
8. Climb....................................................................................... Pitch Just Above Horizon
9. Clean........................................................................... Flaps & Carb Heat, Incrementally
Description:
Practiced to develop awareness and corrective responses to excessive pitch attitudes during takeoff and climbs (typically over
obstacles) that result in stalls.
Common Errors:
•Failure to properly configure the airplane (power, flaps, gear)
•Improper pitch, heading (straight-ahead stalls), and bank control
•Rough or uncoordinated control inputs
•Failure to recognize stall warnings or to achieve a stall
•Delayed recovery, excessive altitude loss, or entering a secondary stall

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Power-Off Stall
* Perform Flow Checklist
1. Slow Flight........................................................................................................ Establish
2. Throttle........................................................................................................... 1700 RPM
3. Flaps.................................................................................................. Full, Incrementally
4. Airspeed............................................................................................ Descend at 65 KTS
5. Throttle...................................................................................................................... Idle
6. Calls.......................................................................................... Call out horn and Buffet
7. Pitch...................................................................................................... To Hold Altitude
Recovery
8. Unload Wing........................................................................... Nose Down, Wings Level
9. Cram............................................................................................................. Full Throttle
10. Climb....................................................................................... Pitch Just Above Horizon
11. Clean............................................................ Flaps Up (Incrementally) & Carb Heat Off
Description:
Practiced to develop awareness and corrective responses to improper control inputs during a turn (simulating landing) or when
trying to stretch a glide, which results in a stall.
Common Errors:
•Failure to properly configure the airplane (power, flaps, gear)
•Improper pitch, heading (straight-ahead stalls), and bank control
•Rough or uncoordinated control inputs
•Failure to recognize stall warnings or to achieve a stall
•Delayed recovery, excessive altitude loss, or entering a secondary stall

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Accelerated Stall
* Perform Flow Checklist
1. Altitude........................................................................................................ Above 3000’ AGL
2. Throttle..................................................................................................................... 1700 RPM
3. Bank..................................................................................................................................... 45o
4. Throttle................................................................................................................................ Idle
5. Pitch.............................................................................................. As Required to Induce Stall
Recovery
6. Unload Wing.................................................................................... Nose Down, Wings Level
7. Cram...................................................................................................................... Full Throttle
8. Climb................................................................................................ Pitch Just Above Horizon
9. Clean................................................................................... Flaps & Carb Heat, Incrementally
Description:
At the same gross weight, airplane configuration, and power setting, an airplane will consistently stall at the same indicated airspeed.
However, a stall will ooccur at a higher indicated airspeed with excessive maneuvering (load factor) imposed by abrupt control inputs
to change direction.
Common Errors:
•Failure to properly configure the airplane (power, flaps, gear)
•Rough or uncoordinated control inputs
•Failure to recognize stall warnings or to achieve a stall
•Delayed recovery, excessive altitude loss, or entering a secondary stall