Cisco 10000 Series User manual

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Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of
Service Configuration Guide
February 25, 2013
Text Part Number: OL-7433-09

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Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide
Copyright ©2007-2009, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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CONTENTS
About This Guide xxxv
Guide Revision History xxxv
Audience xl
Document Organization xl
Document Conventions xlii
Related Documentation xliii
Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request xliii
CHAPTER 1Quality of Service Overview 1-1
Benefits of Quality of Service Features 1-2
Restrictions and Limitations for Quality of Service 1-2
Modular QoS Command-Line Interface 1-2
Feature History for MQC 1-3
QoS CLI Migration from PRE2 to PRE3 1-3
Feature History for QoS CLI Migration from PRE2 to PRE3 1-4
QoS Management Information Base Support 1-4
QoS Implementation Guidelines 1-4
QoS Execution on the Router 1-4
QoS Configuration on an Interface 1-5
QoS Models 1-6
Overview of QoS Models 1-6
Model D.2 Definition 1-7
Model F Definition 1-7
Configuration Tasks 1-8
Configuration Steps on Subinterfaces for QoS Model D.2 1-8
Configuration Steps on Sessions for QoS Model D.2 1-8
Configuration Steps for QoS Model F 1-9
Configuration Examples 1-9
QoS Features, Commands, and Changes 1-11
Applying QoS Parameters Dynamically to Sessions 1-12
Applying Traffic Shaping Parameters Using RADIUS Profiles 1-12
dbs enable Command 1-12
default dbs enable Command 1-12

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Dynamic Bandwidth Selection Feature 1-13
Attaching QoS Service Policies 1-13
service-policy Command 1-13
Attaching ATM QoS Service Policies 1-14
Attaching Frame Relay QoS Service Policies 1-14
Attaching LAC QoS Service Policies 1-15
Attaching Virtual LAN QoS Service Policies 1-15
Attaching Virtual Access Interface QoS Service Policies 1-15
Classifying Traffic 1-15
class-map Command 1-15
match Commands 1-16
Class Map Feature 1-18
Configuring QoS for MPLS Traffic 1-18
MPLS CoS Multi-VC Mode 1-18
MPLS QoS Feature 1-19
MPLS Traffic Engineering—DiffServ Aware Feature 1-19
Control Plane Policing 1-19
Divert Cause Policer 1-19
Control Plane Policing—Platform Enhancement 1-20
Controlling Packet Queue Congestion 1-21
queue-limit Command 1-21
random-detect Command 1-22
random-detect basis Command 1-23
show pxf cpu queue interface summary 1-23
Tail Drop Feature 1-23
Random Early Detection Feature 1-24
Weighted Random Early Detection Feature 1-24
Distributing Bandwidth Between Queues 1-25
bandwidth Command 1-25
bandwidth remaining ratio Command 1-26
Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio 1-26
Dynamically Changing VC Weight and Watermark Values 1-26
Hierarchical Queuing Framework 1-27
Hierarchical Queuing Framework Feature 1-27
MQC Hierarchical Queuing with 3 Level Scheduler 1-27
Hierarchical Policies 1-27
Nested Hierarchical Policies 1-27
Three-Level Hierarchical Policies 1-28
Hierarchical Input Policing 1-28
IP Quality of Service for Subscribers 1-29

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MQC Support for IP Sessions 1-29
Per-Session Shaping for ATM Interfaces 1-29
Per Session Rate Limiting 1-29
Per User Multiservice Rate Limiting 1-29
Per Session Service Policy Using RADIUS 1-30
Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS 1-30
PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs 1-30
Layer 2 Access Concentrator 1-30
Classification, Policing, and Marking on the LAC 1-30
LAC QoS 1-30
Link Fragmentation and Interleaving 1-31
interface multilink Command 1-31
multilink group Command 1-31
ppp multilink Command 1-32
ppp multilink fragment-delay Command 1-32
ppp multilink fragmentation Command 1-33
ppp multilink fragment disable Command 1-33
ppp multilink group Command 1-33
ppp multilink interleave Command 1-34
MLP Over ATM-Based LFI Feature 1-34
Multi-VC MLP Over ATM-Based LFI Feature 1-34
MLP Over Frame Relay-Based LFI Feature 1-35
MLP Over Serial-Based LFI Feature 1-35
FRF.12 Fragmentation Feature 1-35
Marking Traffic 1-36
set atm-clp Command 1-36
set cos Command 1-36
set discard-class Command 1-36
set fr-de Command 1-37
set ip dscp Command 1-37
set ip precedence Command 1-37
set mpls experimental Command 1-37
set mpls experimental imposition Command 1-38
set qos-group Command 1-38
Marking Feature 1-38
Modular QoS Command Line Interface 1-39
MQC Feature 1-39
QoS CLI Migration from PRE2 to PRE3 1-39
Overhead Accounting 1-39
ATM Overhead Accounting 1-40

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Ethernet Overhead Accounting 1-40
Traffic Shaping Overhead Accounting for ATM 1-40
Oversubscribing Physical and Virtual Links 1-41
atm over-subscription-factor Command 1-41
Interface Oversubscription Feature 1-41
ATM Virtual Circuit Oversubscription Feature 1-42
map-class frame-relay Command 1-42
Frame Relay PVC Oversubscription Feature 1-42
Virtual LAN Oversubscription Feature 1-43
queue-depth Command 1-43
weight Command 1-43
Weighting Feature 1-44
Policing Traffic 1-44
police Command (Single-Rate) 1-44
police percent Command 1-45
police Command (Two-Rate) 1-45
show atm vp Command 1-46
Percent-Based Policing Feature 1-46
Policing Feature 1-46
Single-Rate Color Marker Feature 1-47
Two-Rate Three-Color Marker Feature 1-47
ATM VP Average Traffic Rate 1-48
Prioritizing Traffic 1-48
priority Command 1-48
priority level Command 1-49
Child Service Policy Allowed Under Priority Class 1-49
Multi-Level Priority Queues 1-49
Priority Queuing Feature 1-49
PVC Bundles 1-50
bump Command 1-50
bump Command (Frame Relay VC-bundle-member) 1-51
bundle Command 1-51
class-bundle Command 1-51
class-vc Command 1-51
dscp Command (Frame Relay VC-bundle-member) 1-51
exp Command 1-51
frame-relay vc-bundle Command 1-51
mpls experimental Command 1-52
oam-bundle Command 1-52
precedence Command 1-52

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precedence Command (Frame Relay VC-bundle-member) 1-52
protect Command 1-52
protect Command (Frame Relay VC-bundle-member) 1-52
pvc-bundle Command 1-53
pvc Command (Frame Relay VC-bundle) 1-53
PVC Bundles Over ATM and Frame Relay Feature 1-53
ATM PVC Bundle Enhancement—MPLS EXP-Based PVC Selection Feature 1-53
Frame Relay PVC Bundles with QoS Support for IP and MPLS Feature 1-53
QoS Policy Maps 1-53
policy-map Command 1-54
qos match statistics Command 1-54
Policy Maps Feature 1-54
Policy Map Scaling Phase 2 1-54
Qos Policy Propagation through the Border Gateway Protocol 1-55
Shaping PPPoE Over VLAN Sessions Using RADIUS 1-55
Per Session Queuing and Shaping for PPPoE Over VLAN Support Using RADIUS Feature 1-55
Shaping Traffic 1-55
atm pvp Command 1-56
pvc Command 1-56
shape Command 1-56
shape percent Command 1-57
vbr-nrt Command 1-57
ATM VC/VP Shaping Feature 1-57
Class-Based Traffic Shaping Feature 1-58
Frame Relay Traffic Shaping Feature 1-58
Hierarchical Shaping Feature 1-58
Percentage-Based Traffic Shaping Feature 1-58
Traffic Shaping Overhead Accounting for ATM Feature 1-59
Sharing Bandwidth Fairly During Congestion 1-59
Bandwidth Fair Queuing Feature 1-59
Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing Feature 1-59
Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing for Virtual Access Interfaces Feature 1-60
Simultaneous Policy Maps 1-60
Simultaneous QoS Policy Map on Interface and PPP Session—A-DSLAM Case 1-60
VLAN Tag-Based Quality of Service 1-60
Related Documentation 1-61
CHAPTER 2Classifying Traffic 2-1
Traffic Classification Using Class Maps 2-1

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Feature History for Class Maps 2-2
System Limits for Class Maps 2-2
PRE3 Class Maps and QoS Scalability 2-3
class-map Command 2-3
Syntax Description 2-4
class-map Command History 2-4
Usage Guidelines for the class-map Command 2-4
qos match statistics Command 2-4
Syntax Description 2-4
Command Default 2-5
qos match statistics Command History 2-5
Usage Guidelines for the qos match statistics Command 2-5
Defining Match Criteria Using the match Commands 2-5
match Commands History 2-9
Usage Guidelines for match Commands 2-10
Class-Default Class 2-11
Restrictions and Limitations for Traffic Classification 2-11
Classifying Traffic Using a Class Map 2-11
Creating a Class Map 2-12
Configuration Examples for Classifying Traffic 2-12
Verifying Traffic Classification 2-13
Verification Example 2-13
Defining QoS Policy Actions 2-13
Related Documentation 2-14
CHAPTER 3Configuring QoS Policy Actions and Rules 3-1
QoS Policies 3-1
Feature History for QoS Policies 3-2
Defining QoS Actions Using a Policy Map 3-2
System Limits for Policy Maps 3-2
8K Policy Maps 3-3
policy-map Command 3-3
Syntax Description 3-4
Usage Guidelines for the policy-map Command 3-4
Types of QoS Actions 3-4
Input and Output Policy Actions 3-4
Policy Map Actions—Releases Prior to Cisco IOS Release 12.0(17)SL 3-7
Policy Map Actions—Cisco IOS Release 12.0(17)SL and Later Releases 3-10
Policy Map Actions—Cisco IOS Release 12.0(20)ST and Later Releases 3-10

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Policy Map Actions—Cisco IOS Release 12.0(22)S and Later Releases 3-11
Policy Map Actions—Cisco IOS Release 12.2(31)SB2 and Later Releases 3-11
Policing Actions 3-11
QoS Inheritance 3-12
ATM Service Categories 3-13
Constant Bit Rate 3-13
Unspecified Bit Rate 3-14
Variable Bit Rate 3-15
Traffic Subject to QoS Policies 3-17
ATM Virtual Circuits Without QoS Policies 3-17
QoS Performance 3-18
Configuring QoS Policies 3-18
Creating a Policy Map 3-19
Configuration Examples for Creating a Policy Map 3-19
Defining QoS Actions in a Policy Map 3-20
Attaching Service Policies 3-20
Verifying QoS Policy Configurations 3-20
Verification Example for Service Policies 3-22
Related Documentation 3-23
CHAPTER 4Attaching Service Policies 4-1
Interfaces Supporting QoS Service Policies 4-1
Attaching ATM QoS Service Policies 4-2
Feature History for ATM QoS 4-2
ATM QoS Inheritance 4-2
service-policy Command 4-3
Syntax Description 4-3
service-policy Command History 4-3
service-policy Command Modes 4-4
Usage Guidelines for the service-policy Command 4-4
Restrictions and Limitations for Attaching ATM Service Policies 4-5
Attaching ATM QoS Service Policies to ATM Interfaces, Subinterfaces, and PVCs 4-5
Attaching QoS Service Policies to an ATM Interface 4-6
Attaching QoS Service Policies to an ATM Point-to-Point Subinterface 4-7
Attaching QoS Service Policies to an ATM PVC 4-8
Attaching QoS Service Policies to an ATM PVC Range and an ATM PVC in a Range 4-9
Attaching Frame Relay QoS Service Policies 4-11
Feature History for Frame Relay QoS 4-12

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Frame Relay QoS Inheritance 4-12
map-class frame-relay Command 4-12
Syntax Description 4-12
map-class frame-relay Command History 4-13
Usage Guidelines for the map-class frame-relay Command 4-13
Restrictions and Limitations for Frame Relay QoS Service Policies 4-13
Creating and Attaching QoS Policies to Frame Relay Interfaces, Subinterfaces, and Data-Link
Connection Identifiers 4-14
Attaching a QoS Service Policy to a Frame Relay Interface or Point-to-Point Subinterface 4-14
Attaching a QoS Service Policy to a Frame Relay DLCI 4-17
Attaching Virtual LAN QoS Service Policies 4-20
Feature History for VLAN QoS 4-20
VLAN QoS Inheritance 4-21
Restrictions and Limitations for Attaching QoS Services to VLAN Subinterfaces 4-21
Attaching QoS Policies to VLAN Interfaces and Subinterfaces 4-21
Attaching QoS Service Policies to Physical Interfaces with VLAN Subinterfaces 4-22
Attaching QoS Service Policies to VLAN Subinterfaces 4-23
Attaching Virtual Access Interface QoS Service Policies 4-23
Feature History for VAI QoS 4-24
VAI QoS Inheritance 4-24
Restrictions and Limitations for Attaching QoS Services to a VAI 4-25
Attaching QoS Policies to VAIs Using Virtual Template Interfaces 4-25
Applying a QoS Service Policy to a Virtual Template Interface 4-26
Applying a Virtual Template Interface to a BBA Group 4-27
Attaching a BBA Group to an Interface or Subinterface for PPPoE Sessions 4-28
Attaching Layer 2 Access Concentrator QoS Service Policies 4-30
Feature History for LAC QoS 4-30
LAC QoS Inheritance 4-30
Restrictions and Limitations for Attaching LAC QoS 4-31
Attaching QoS Policies to LAC ATM Virtual Circuits 4-31
Applying QoS on Layer 2 Tunnel Packets 4-32
Verifying and Monitoring QoS Service Policies 4-32
Verification Example for QoS Service Policies 4-34
Related Documentation 4-36
CHAPTER 5Distributing Bandwidth Between Queues 5-1
Bandwidth Distribution Between Queues 5-1
Feature History for Bandwidth Distribution Between Queues 5-2
Interfaces Supporting Bandwidth Distribution 5-2