CWE GSM-4 User manual

GSM-4
4-Channel Programmable Gas Mixer
©CWE 2023
Read instructions carefully before operating this device.
 This device is not to be used for Human Life Support applications.
 To avoid possible electrical shock, do not operate this device if is wet or has had
liquids spilled onto it.
 Service or calibration procedures should only be performed by qualified
personnel familiar with the electrical hazards of line-powered devices.
Ardmore PA 19003 U.S.A.
[phone]
[email protected]
Instruction Manual
www.cwe-inc.com

GSM-4 Gas Mixer Instruction Manual 2
©2023 CWE, Inc.
STATEMENT OF WARRANTY
IF THIS INSTRUMENT FAILS WITHIN A PERIOD OF ONE YEAR FROM THE DATE OF
DELIVERY OR INSTALLATION, CWE, INC. WILL, AT ITS OPTION, REPAIR OR REPLACE IT
FREE OF CHARGE TO THE PURCHASER. THIS WARRANTY EXCLUDES DAMAGE
INCURRED THROUGH ABUSE OR ACCIDENT AND CONSUMABLE ITEMS OR
COMPONENTS SUCH AS BATTERIES. CWE, INC. DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY FOR
ANY CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OR MISUSE OF THIS
INSTRUMENT. THIS WARRANTY IS APPLICABLE ONLY TO THE ORIGINAL PURCHASER
OF THE INSTRUMENT AND IS NON-TRANSFERRABLE.
IF YOU HAVE A PROBLEM
Please call or write describing your problem. We can often identify what is wrong and suggest a
solution without recourse to returning the device. Defective units under warranty should be
returned to the factory along with a note describing the nature of the fault. Every effort will be
made to ensure prompt repair or replacement of the device.
FACTORY SERVICE
Out of warranty or damaged instruments may be returned to the factory postage prepaid for
service at prevailing rates. Upon request, a written or verbal quotation for such service will be
issued after examination of the unit but prior to commencing repairs or service. Address requests
for service or technical information to:
CWE, Incorporated
Technical Support Department
[email protected]m
www.cwe-inc.com
TEL [phone]
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
Instruments manufactured by CWE, Incorporated are not authorized for use as critical
components in humanlife support devices or systems. "Life support devices or systems", as used
herein, are devices or systems whose failure to perform, whether through misuse, failure, or
proper operation, can reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the operator or
subject persons.
USER INFORMATION:
Base Unit Serial Number: _______________
Gas: Channel A_____, Channel B_____, Channel C_____, Channel D_____
Flows: Channel A_____, Channel B_____, Channel C______, Channel D______
GSM-4-CommMX Software version: __________________
Gas correction factors (see Note): enabled_____ not used_____
NOTE: If gas correction factors (K-Factors) are not used, this indicates the flow controllers for each channel are
pre-calibrated with a specific gas for the highest accuracy. If enabled AND not used are checked, the flow
controllers are calibrated using a specific gas, but the user has the ability to make small corrections using K-
factor adjust.
This document last updated May 26, 2023

GSM-4 Gas Mixer Instruction Manual 3
©2023 CWE, Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 QUICK START GUIDE..............................................................................................4
2.0 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................6
3.0 SETUP......................................................................................................................7
4.0 OPERATION.............................................................................................................8
4.1 CREATING A GAS MIXTURE (LOCAL MODE)........................................................8
4.2 NOTES ON GAS MIXTURES ...................................................................................9
4.3 INDICATOR LIGHTS...............................................................................................10
4.4 IMMEDIATE ACTION CONTROLS.........................................................................10
4.5 LOCAL / REMOTE SWITCH...................................................................................10
5.0 REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS..............................................................................11
6.0 USING CORRECTION FACTORS..........................................................................11
7.0 FLOW ALARMS......................................................................................................13
8.0 SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................14
9.0 GAS CHARACTERISTICS......................................................................................15
10.0 GSM-4-CommMX SOFTWARE.............................................................................16
11.0 Appendix A: GSM-4 Communication protocols.....................................................23
Figure 1: GSM-4 Gas Mixer front panel ...................................................................................................................6
Figure 2: GSM-4 LCD panel.....................................................................................................................................8
Figure 3: GSM-4 LCD panel showing Total Flow ....................................................................................................9
Figure 4: GSM-4 Alarm display..............................................................................................................................13
Figure 5: GSM-4-CommMX Mode selection) ........................................................................................................16
Figure 6: GSM-4-CommMX screen (MODE 1: Four-channel mixer mode shown)...............................................17
Figure 7: Independent (MODE 2: all channel flows independently set)..................................................................17
Figure 8: Mimic (MODE 3: Channel 4 = Total Flow of mixture)...........................................................................18
Figure 9: Mass Flow Controller values entered for each channel............................................................................18
Figure 10: Drop-down Configuration menu. ...........................................................................................................19
Figure 11: Gas selection drop-down menu..............................................................................................................19
Figure 12: Mixture configuration panel, GSM-4 mode...........................................................................................20
Figure 13: Mixture configuration panel, Independent mode. ..................................................................................20
Figure 14: Mixture configuration panel, Mimic mode. ...........................................................................................20
Figure 15: Timed experiment setup using the Sequencer........................................................................................21

GSM-4 Gas Mixer Instruction Manual 4
©2023 CWE, Inc.
1.0 QUICK START GUIDE
This section provides a short guide to setting up and operating the GSM-4 Gas
Mixer. A more detailed description will be found in later sections of this instruction
manual.
Equipment set-up: Place the GSM-4 in a convenient location. If a computer is to
be used for remotely controlling the GSM-4, it should be
located nearby.
Connect the tubing: Connect the compressed gas sources to the gas inlets on the
rear panel. Note that these are “one-touch” press-in tubing
connectors. The gas outlet supplies the mixed gas.
Connect the cables: Connect the serial port cable between your computer and the
and the GSM-4 rear panel connector. If your computer does
not have a serial port, use the supplied USB-Serial adapter.
Install the software: Insert the GSM-4-CommMX USB flash-drive into your
computer. Browse to setup.exe on the USB flash-drive.
Follow the instructions to install the program.
Start GSM-4-CommMX: From the start menu, choose programs, and locate GSM-4-
CommMX. Select it to run the program.
Select config file: A dialog box will open asking you to select a configuration file.
Select default.txt to select a generic configuration file, or
cancel to go directly to the main screen.
Configure COM port: Locate the COM PORT text box on the screen. This drop-
down text box will show all available COM ports (serial ports)
on your computer. Select the one you want to use. The
program will not work if the correct COM port is not selected!
Set flow ranges: If not already displaying the channel flow ranges (bottom right
of screen), enter them now.
Power up the GSM-4: Turn on the GSM-4 power. After an introductory message, the
LCD will display the main screen. Select LOCAL if you want to
begin making settings from the front panel, or REMOTE if you
want to set up the GSM-4 from your computer.
Ready to go! Using either the front panel controls (LOCAL mode) or the
GSM-4-CommMX software (REMOTE), select the gasses
you have connected to the inlets. Adjust the percentages
for each, and set the total flow desired.
 Configurations: The GSM-4 allows you to store up to four mixtures, which can
be immediately accessed using the stored mixture knob. The
GSM-4-CommMX software similarly allows setting up four
mixtures. These sets of mixtures can be saved as
configuration files. Use the configuration menu at the top of
the screen to save or load these files.
 Save on exit: Use the EXIT pushbutton on the screen to close the program.
A dialog box will open, asking you to save a configuration file.
Select an existing file, or create a new one, or select cancel to
exit without saving a configuration file.

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©2023 CWE, Inc.
 Operating tips: Give your configuration files meaningful names to allow easy
retrieval and use in the future. A few sample files are included
as examples.

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©2023 CWE, Inc.
2.0 INTRODUCTION
The GSM-4 Gas Mixer allows you to easily create accurate, custom gas blends
using up to four different gasses. All parameters (gas type, percent of each gas in
the output mixture, and total flow) can be set using the front panel controls, but can
most conveniently be set using the provided GSM-4-CommMX software. Most
GSM-4 configurations use Mass Flow Controllers calibrated for a specific gas (see
User Information on page 2).
A typical application of the GSM-4 is to generate gas mixes for hypoxia,
hypercapnia, or other respiratory gas studies. Because these studies often involve a
low concentration of one gas relative to the other gas components, one GSM-4 flow
channel normally uses a different range flow controller. A typical configuration might
be as follows (your instrument may be different):
Note: Each GSM-4 is customized to the user’s requirements with the
appropriate mass flow controllers installed (see page 2 for your
configuration). Examples shown in this manual will probably differ from
yours.
Channel:
Gas
Nominal Range
Usable Range
GAS 1
N2
0 –10,000 ml/min
100 –10,000 ml/min
GAS 2
O2
0 –5,000 ml/min
50 –10,000 ml/min
GAS 3
CO2
0 –1000 ml/min
10 –1000 ml/min
GAS 4
He
0 –1000 ml/min
10 –1000 ml/min
For the best accuracy, any of the channels should only be set within the usable
range for that channel.
The GSM-4-CommMX software provided allows the user to save any number of
pre-set configurations for later use. These mixtures can then be downloaded and
run on the GSM-4 itself.
Figure 1: GSM-4 Gas Mixer front panel

GSM-4 Gas Mixer Instruction Manual 7
©2023 CWE, Inc.
3.0 SETUP
Setting up the GSM-4 Gas Mixer is straightforward. The following instructions
assume that a computer with a standard serial port is available, or a USB-Serial
adapter cable is used.
1. Install the GSM-4 Gas Mixer in a location convenient to the gas sources, and
near the computer that will be used with it. The unit can be rack mounted if
desired.
2. Connect your pressurized gasses to the GAS 1, GAS 2, GAS 3, and GAS 4ports on
the rear panel. These ports require 0.25” (6.35mm) O.D. semi-flexible tubing,
which makes a press-fit connection. To disconnect any of the tubing connections,
press in on the outer ring of the connector and pull out the tubing. Gas pressures
should be in the range of 20 - 50 psi (1.4 –3.4 bar).
Note: Most GSM-4’s will be configured for specific gasses, which must be
connected to the appropriate inlet.
3. Connect the GAS OUTLET port using the same type tubing or use one of the hose-
barb adapters included with the system.
4. Connect the supplied serial port cable from your computer to the 9-pin female
RS232 port on the rear of the GSM-4. If your computer does not have a serial
port, install and use the supplied USB-Serial adapter. This adapter will create a
virtual COM port, whose COM number can be located at: Control Panel /
System / Device Manager /Ports (COM & LPT) / USB-Serial COM4
(typical, but your COM port number may be different).
5. Install the GSM-4-CommMX software on your PC. Insert the flash-drive in your
computer and run Setup.exe. We recommend accepting the default file
locations.
6. When the GSM-4 is turned on, select LOCAL to set up the instrument from the
front panel, or REMOTE to use the GSM-4-CommMXsoftware. Be sure to set the
COM port to the actual port used on your computer.

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©2023 CWE, Inc.
4.0 OPERATION
The instructions below describe the procedure for setting up gas mixtures and
running them from the instrument itself. The operation of the GSM-4-CommMX
software is described later.
Figure 2: GSM-4 LCD panel
4.1 CREATING A GAS MIXTURE (LOCAL MODE)
Be sure the LOCAL /REMOTE switch is set to LOCAL.
Up to four custom gas mixtures can be created and stored in the GSM-4. To create,
edit, or run any of these, use the STORED MIXTURE knob. When any of the stored
mixtures is selected, its current settings will be displayed on the LCD panel.
Selecting gasses –Using the GAS SELECT knob, select either A, B, C, or D. While
holding the SELECT GAS /SET %lever switch in the SELECT GAS position, rotate the
ADJUST knob until the desired gas is shown on the display. Perform this procedure
to set gasses A, B, C, and D.
Note: Most GSM-4’s will be configured for specific gasses for each of the
four channels.
Setting gas percentages –Each gas can be set to anywhere in the 0 –100%
range, with 0.1% resolution. The total should add up to 100%, or the flows will be
inaccurate. The ERROR light will turn on and stay on until the gas fractions add up to
100 percent. To set a percentage, first point to A, B, C, or D using the GAS SELECT
knob. While holding the SELECT GAS /SET %switch in the SET %position, rotate the
ADJUST knob until the desired percentage is shown on the display. Repeat for the
other gasses. Remember that the total should add up to 100%!
Setting flow –The GSM-4 allows you to set the total flow of the mixture only.
Individual gas flows are computed based on the selected percentage, and shown on
the display, but the user cannot change these directly.
To set the total flow, rotate the SELECT GAS knob to the TOTAL FLOW position. Use
the ADJUST knob to set the flow, which will be displayed on the LCD panel.

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©2023 CWE, Inc.
Figure 3: GSM-4 LCD panel showing Total Flow
Storing the mixture -- After a mixture is configured, press the EXECUTE pushbutton,
which will store the mixture and start it running. Press the SHUT OFF FLOW
pushbutton to stop the flow. The mixture is now stored in non-volatile memory, and
will be available even if the instrument has been turned off, and then on again.
The four stored mixtures can be created and stored as described above, and can be
selected and executed any time the instrument is used.
4.2 NOTES ON GAS MIXTURES
No flowmeter or flow controller is “ideal”; i.e., it does not operate linearly over a
zero –full scale range. The range of operation is known as the turndown ratio. This
is simply the ratio of full-scale to minimum usable range. In the case of the GSM-4
controllers, this turndown ratio is approximately 100:1. For example, a 1000sccm
(standard cc/minute) controller can accurately operate over a 10 –1000sccm range.
The practical result of this information is that all possible combinations of mixtures
and flows may not be accurate if any of the gas channels fall outside of the usable
range for that channel. If any of the computed flows falls below the minimum usable
flow, the TOTAL FLOW should be increased to raise the channel flow above the
usable lower limit. The following example illustrates this condition:
Desired flow mixture, total flow = 500 ml/min, initial settings:
Channel
Flow Range
Min usable
flow
Percent of mix
Computed channel flow
GAS 1 (N2)
5000 sccm
50 sccm
73.0%
365 sccm (good!)
GAS 2 (O2)
2000 sccm
20 sccm
21.0%
105 sccm (good)
GAS 3 (CO2)
500 sccm
5 sccm
0.5%
2.5 sccm (bad!)
GAS 4 (He)
4000 sccm
40 sccm
5.0%
25 sccm (bad!)
NOTE: Flows shown as sccm (Standard cc/min)
The flows for GAS 3and GAS 4fall below the usable minimums. To correct this,
increase the total flow to move these individual flows into the usable ranges.

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©2023 CWE, Inc.
4.3 INDICATOR LIGHTS
The various indicator lights give important information about the operation of the
GSM-4 Gas Mixer.
Active Mixture lights –These four red LED’s indicate which mixture is currently
selected by remaining steadily on. A blinking ACTIVE MIXTURE led indicates that a
particular mixture is currently running (flow is being delivered). Even while one
mixture is running, the STORED MIXTURE knob can be used to select another mixture
for configuration. In this case, one of the LEDs will be blinking (that mixture is
running), and another is steadily on (indicating that that mixture is being displayed
for editing, etc.).
Running light –This green LED will turn on when gas is actually flowing; i.e., a
mixture is currently running.
Error light –This red LED will indicate setup errors, such as when the gas
percentages do not add up to 100%.
4.4 IMMEDIATE ACTION CONTROLS
As described above, the EXECUTE pushbutton will immediately cause the currently
selected mixture to run. Conversely, pressing the SHUT OFF FLOW pushbutton will
immediately shut off the flow controllers.
4.5 LOCAL / REMOTE SWITCH
Set this switch to LOCAL to perform gas mixture setup and execution from the
GSM-4 front panel. Set this switch to REMOTE to use the GSM-4-CommMX software
to remotely control the instrument. Note that in remote mode, the ACTIVE MIXTURE
led’s are not automatically on, indicating that the STORED MIXTURE switch setting is
ignored, since this function is performed by the software.