Dalsa Falcon 1.4M100 XDR Monochrome User manual

Falcon XDR and HG Series
Camera User’s Manual
Falcon 1.4M100 XDR Monochrome – FA-20-01M1H
Falcon 1.4M100 HG Monochrome – FA-21-01M1H
Falcon 1M120 HG Monochrome – FA-21-1M120
Falcon VGA300 HG Monochrome – FA-21-3HK3H
Falcon 1.4M100 XDR Color – FA-22-01M1H
Falcon 1.4M100 HG Color – FA-23-01M1H
Falcon 1M120 HG Color – FA-23-1M120
Falcon VGA300 HG Color – FA-23-3HK3H
Up to 1.4 Megapixels, High Speed CMOS Area Scan Cameras

© 2010 DALSA. All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. No responsibility is assumed by
DALSA for its use. DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice. Reproduction of this manual in
whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA.
Document Number: 03-032-20024-03
About DALSA
DALSA is an international high performance semiconductor and electronics company that designs, develops, manufactures, and
markets digital imaging products and solutions, in addition to providing semiconductor products and services. DALSA’s core
competencies are in specialized integrated circuit and electronics technology, software, and highly engineered semiconductor wafer
processing. Products and services include image sensor components; electronic digital cameras; vision processors; image
processing software; and semiconductor wafer foundry services for use in MEMS, high-voltage semiconductors, image sensors and
mixed-signal CMOS chips. DALSA is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “DSA”. The Company has its
corporate offices in Waterloo, ON and over 1000 employees worldwide.
For further information not included in this manual, or for information on DALSA’s extensive line of image sensing products, please
call:
DALSA Sales Offices
Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific
605 McMurray Rd
Waterloo, ON
Canada
N2V 2E9
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
Breslauer Str. 34
D-82194 Gröbenzell (Munich)
Germany
Tel: +49 - 8142 – 46770
Fax: +49 - 8142 – 467746
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
Ikebukuro East 13F
3-4-3 Higashi-Ikebukuro
Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170-0013
Japan
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] (fax)
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
DALSA Worldwide Operations
Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific
605 McMurray Rd
Waterloo, ON
Canada
N2V 2E9
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
Breslauer Str. 34
D-82194 Gröbenzell (Munich)
Germany
Tel: +49 - 8142 – 46770
Fax: +49 - 8142 – 467746
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
Ikebukuro East 13F
3-4-3 Higashi-Ikebukuro
Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170-0013
Japan
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] (fax)
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
Camera Link is a trademark registered by the Automated Imaging Association, as chair of a committee of industry members
including DALSA.

Contents 3
Contents
INTRODUCTION TO THE FALCON XDR AND HG CAMERAS.................................................................7
1.1 Camera Highlights...................................................................................................................8
1.1.1 Features.....................................................................................................................................8
1.1.2 Programmability.........................................................................................................................8
1.1.3 Description.................................................................................................................................8
1.1.4 Applications ...............................................................................................................................9
1.2 Camera Performance Specifications...................................................................................10
1.3 Responsivity and Quantum Efficiency................................................................................13
1.3.1 Sensor Cosmetic Specifications..............................................................................................14
1.3.2 Cosmetic Specification............................................................................................................16
1.4 Certifications..........................................................................................................................17
1.5 Shock and Vibration Certifications......................................................................................17
CAMERA HARDWARE INTERFACE........................................................................................................19
2.1 Installation Overview.............................................................................................................19
2.2 Input/Output Connectors and LED......................................................................................20
2.2.1 LED Status Indicator................................................................................................................21
2.2.2 Camera Link Data Connector..................................................................................................21
2.2.3 Input Signals, Camera Link .....................................................................................................23
2.2.4 Output Signals, Camera Link Clocking Signals.......................................................................24
2.2.5 Power Connector (Optional)....................................................................................................25
2.3 Image Sensor and Pixel Readout.........................................................................................26
2.3.1 Camera Readout and Coordinates..........................................................................................27
SERIAL INTERFACE: HOW TO CONTROL THE CAMERA....................................................................29
3.1 Setting Baud Rate..................................................................................................................30
3.2 Camera Serial Command Help Screen................................................................................31
3.3 Retrieving Information About the Camera..........................................................................32

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
4 Contents
3.3.1 Retrieving Camera Settings ....................................................................................................32
3.4 First Power Up Camera Settings .........................................................................................32
3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings ............................................................................................33
3.5.1 Factory Settings.......................................................................................................................33
3.5.2 User Settings...........................................................................................................................34
3.6 Camera Output Format .........................................................................................................34
3.6.1 How to Configure Camera Output...........................................................................................34
3.6.2 Setting the Camera’s Pixel Rate .............................................................................................35
3.7 Setting Exposure Mode, Frame Rate and Exposure Time ................................................36
3.7.1 Non-Concurrent vs. Concurrent Modes of Operation .............................................................36
3.7.2 Setting the Exposure Mode and Time.....................................................................................37
3.7.3 Exposure Modes in Detail .......................................................................................................39
3.7.4 Setting the Frame Rate ...........................................................................................................43
3.8 Setting a Vertical Window of Interest..................................................................................44
3.8.1 Frame Rate vs. Active Lines ...................................................................................................44
3.9 Flat Field Correction..............................................................................................................48
3.9.1 Flat Field Correction for Color Camera Models.......................................................................51
3.9.2 Selecting Factory or User Coefficients....................................................................................53
3.9.3 Enabling Pixel Coefficients......................................................................................................53
3.9.4 Selecting the Calibration Sample Size....................................................................................54
3.9.5 Performing FPN Calibration ....................................................................................................54
3.9.6 Performing PRNU Calibration .................................................................................................56
3.9.7 Saving, Loading and Resetting Coefficients ...........................................................................58
3.10 Gain Adjustments..................................................................................................................59
3.10.1 Factory Calibrated Analog Gains ............................................................................................59
3.10.2 Setting Digital System Gain for Monochrome Cameras..........................................................59
3.10.3 Enabling Color Gain ................................................................................................................60
3.10.4 Setting Digital Gain for Color Cameras...................................................................................60
3.10.5 Subtracting Background..........................................................................................................61
3.11 Generating a Test Pattern.....................................................................................................63
OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................................65
4.1 Mechanical Interface.............................................................................................................65
4.2 Lens Mounts ..........................................................................................................................67
4.3 Optical Interface ....................................................................................................................68

Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual DALSA
Contents 5
4.3.1 Illumination...............................................................................................................................68
4.3.2 Light Sources...........................................................................................................................68
4.3.3 Filters.......................................................................................................................................68
4.3.4 Lens Modeling.........................................................................................................................68
4.3.5 Magnification and Resolution..................................................................................................69
TROUBLESHOOTING ...............................................................................................................................71
5.1 Common Solutions................................................................................................................71
5.1.1 Connections.............................................................................................................................71
5.2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface........................................................................72
5.2.1 Communications......................................................................................................................72
5.2.2 Verify Parameters....................................................................................................................72
5.2.3 Verify Factory Calibrated Settings...........................................................................................72
5.2.4 Verify Timing and Digital Video Path.......................................................................................72
5.3 Specific Solutions .................................................................................................................73
5.3.1 No Output or Erratic Behavior .................................................................................................73
5.3.2 Line Dropout, Bright Lines, or Incorrect Frame rate................................................................73
5.3.3 Noisy Output............................................................................................................................73
5.3.4 Dark Patches...........................................................................................................................73
APPENDIX A: CAMERA LINK™ REFERENCE, TIMING, AND CONFIGURATION TABLE..................75
A.1 LVDS Technical Description ................................................................................................75
A.2 Camera Signal Requirements ..............................................................................................75
A.3 Video Data..............................................................................................................................76
A.4 Camera Control Signals........................................................................................................76
A.5 Communication .....................................................................................................................77
A.6 Camera Link Video Timing ...................................................................................................77
A.7 Bit Assignments According to Configuration....................................................................79
APPENDIX B: ERROR HANDLING AND COMMAND LIST.....................................................................81
B.1 All Available Commands.......................................................................................................81
B.2 Error Messages......................................................................................................................87

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
6 Contents
APPENDIX C: EMC DECLARATION.........................................................................................................89
C.1 EMC Declaration of Conformity...........................................................................................89
TECHNICAL SUPPORT.............................................................................................................................91
INDEX 93

Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras 7
1
Introduction to the Falcon XDR
and HG Cameras
The Falcon camera family is a group of eight high performance cameras which are organized in two
branches:
•XDR series
•HG series
They are also available in color (FA-22 and FA-23 series) or monochrome (FA-20 and FA-21 series)
versions.
The XDR (eXtended Dynamic Range) series is optimized for high dynamic range and provides 1.4
megapixels at 100 fps. The XDR series includes monochrome and color versions of the Falcon 1.4M100
XDR.
The HG (High Gain) series consists of six camera models: the Falcon 1.4M100 HG, the Falcon 1M120
HG, and the Falcon VG A300 HG, all with monochrome or color versions. These cameras are optimized
for both high speed and high responsivity. To achieve high responsivity, the analog gain setting for all
three cameras was increased by 2.55 times relative to the Falcon XDR cameras. To achieve high
speeds, the Falcon 1M120 and Falcon VGA300 cameras have optimized sensor timing and settings to
achieve fast frame rates, with the option of only 8-bits output.

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
8 Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras
1.1 Camera Highlights
1.1.1 Features
•Three resolutions:
o1.4 megapixels, 1400(H) x 1024(V) resolution, 100fps, 8 or 10 bit
o1 megapixel, 1024(H) x 1024(V) resolution, 120fps, 8 bits
oVGA resolution, 640(H) x 480(V) resolution, 300fps, 8 bits
•Extendend Dynamic Range (XDR) or High Gain (HG) versions
•Color or Monochrome versions
•Global shutter (non-rolling shutter) for crisp images
•Compact camera body – 44mm x 44mm x 44mm – fits into the smallest of places
•Base mini-Camera Link™ SDR26 cable interface for greater ease of use
•– Power over Camera Link –No need for a separate power supply
•Enhanced data drive capability – Achieves 80MHz data speeds with 10m cables (typical
performance is 5.6 meters)
•Vertical windowing for faster frame rates
•7.4µm x 7.4µm pixel pitch
•Good near-infrared (NIR) response
•2x80MHz data rates
•Dynamic range of 55dB – XDR series; 48dB – HG series
1.1.2 Programmability
•Simple ASCII protocol controls gain, offset, frame rates, trigger mode, test pattern output, and
camera diagnostics
•Serial interface (ASCII, 9600 baud, adjustable to 19200, 57600, 115200), through Camera Link
1.1.3 Description
The Falcon XDR and HG cameras provide high quality, high speed image capture in a compact design.
The global shutter capability of the sensor makes these cameras capable of capturing low smear images
at incredibly fast rates. Its small camera body, mini-Camera Link™ cabling and PoCL capability allow
these cameras to fit into space-constrained applications. With its enhanced data drive capability, mini-
Camera Link cables up to 10m in length can be used. Programmable features and diagnostics are
accessible through the mini-Camera Link SDR26 connector.

Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual DALSA
Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras 9
1.1.4 Applications
The Falcon XDR and HG cameras are ideal for monochrome or color applications requiring high speed,
superior image quality, and high responsivity, in space constrained areas. These features make Falcon
cameras applicable to:
•PCB-AOI inspection
•Semiconductor wafer inspection
•Electronics inspection
•Flat panel display inspection
•Industrial metrology
•Traffic management
•Print registration control
•General machine vision

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
10 Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras
1.2 Camera Performance Specifications
Camera
Model Resolution Maximum Frame Rate Bit Depth Dynamic Range Color or Monochrome
1.4M XDR 1400Hx1024V 100fps 8 or 10 user selectable 55dB Both
1.4M HG 1400Hx1024V 100fps 8 or 10 user selectable 48dB Both
1M HG 1024Hx1024V 120fps 8 48dB Both
VGA HG 640Hx480V 300fps 8 48dB Both
Optical Interface Units Notes
Back Focal Distance mm 17.52 4
Sensor Alignment
x
y
z
θz
mm
mm
mm
°
+/- 100 microns
+/- 100 microns
+/- 150 microns
+/- 0.2
Lens Mount C-mount
Effective fill factor with
microlenses % 60
Units Notes
Camera Size mm 44 x 44 x 44
Mass g 105g
Connectors
power connector
data connector
6 pin male Hirose
SDR26 female – mini Camera
Link
Electrical Interface Units Notes

Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual DALSA
Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras 11
Electrical Interface Units Notes
Input Voltage Volts +12V to 15V
Power Dissipation W < 3
Operating Temperature °C 0 to 50 1
Output Data Configuration Base mini-Camera Link
Output Format (# of taps) 2 Tap Interleaved (odd/even)
Mono Operating Ranges Units Notes
Data Rate MHz 2 @ 80
Random Noise DN rms 1.7 (Falcon XDR)
3.2 (Falcon HG) 7
Broadband Responsivity DN/(nJ/cm2) 19 (Falcon XDR)
48 (Falcon HG)
DC Offset DN 1 5
Antiblooming >1000 x Saturation
FPN DN rms 0.9 (Falcon XDR)
4.3 (Falcon HG) 5, 7
PRNU DN rms 4.7 (Falcon XDR)
4.3 (Falcon HG) 5, 6, 7
Integral non-linearity DN < 2% 3
Color Operating Ranges Units Notes
Data Rate MHz 2 @ 80
Random Noise DN rms Red: 1.7 (Falcon XDR)
Blue: 1.7 (Falcon XDR)
Green: 1.7 (Falcon XDR)
Red: 3.5 (Falcon HG)
Blue: 3.5 (Falcon HG)
Green: 3.6 (Falcon HG)
7
Broadband Responsivity DN/(nJ/cm2) See Section 1.3
DC Offset DN 1 5

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
12 Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras
Color Operating Ranges Units Notes
Antiblooming >1000 x Saturation
FPN DN rms Red: 1.0 (Falcon XDR)
Blue: 1.2 (Falcon XDR)
Green: 0.7 (Falcon XDR)
Red: 1.6 (Falcon HG)
Blue: 2.1 (Falcon HG)
Green: 1.1 (Falcon HG)
5, 7
PRNU DN rms Red: 2.3 (Falcon XDR)
Blue: 2.7 (Falcon XDR)
Green: 1.7 (Falcon XDR)
Red: 3.5 (Falcon HG)
Blue: 4.2 (Falcon HG)
Green: 2.7 (Falcon HG)
5, 6, 7
Integral non-linearity DN < 2% 3
Test conditions unless otherwise noted:
•Exposure mode 2 (sem 2)
•100 fps (ssf 100)
•9000 microsecond exposure time (set 9000)
•Light Source: Broadband Quartz Halogen, 3250K, with 750 nm cutoff filter
•Ambient test temperature 25°C
•Full Frame
•10 bits
Notes:
1. Measured at the front plate.
2. Based on output at 1023DN
3. Output over 10-90%
4. Optical distance.
5. Flat-field correction applied with 9000 µs exposure at 50 fps in sem 2.
6. At 80% of camera saturation, 1x digital gain
7. Measurements done with 10 bits (Falcon 1.4M) and 8 bits (Falcon 1M and VGA)

Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual DALSA
Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras 13
1.3 Responsivity and Quantum Efficiency
The responsivity graph describes the sensor response to different wavelengths of light (excluding lens
and light source characteristics). Visible light spans wavelengths between 390-780 nanometers.
Wavelengths below 390 nm are ultra-violet while those above 780 nm are termed infra-red.
Note: DALSA recommends using a 700nm cutoff filter with the HG and XDR color series
cameras since the blue and green color filters become transparent above 700nm.

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
14 Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras
The quantum efficiency graph describes the fraction of photons at each wavelength that contribute
charge to the pixel.
1.3.1 Sensor Cosmetic Specifications
The following table highlights the current cosmetic specifications for the DALSA sensor inside the Falcon
cameras.
Monochrome Camera Blemish Specifications
Blemish Specifications Maximum Number of Defects
Hot pixel defects 1
Single pixel defects 100
Clusters defects No limit (see note)
Spot defects 0
Column defects 0
Row defects 0
Color Camera Blemish Specifications
Blemish Specifications Maximum Number of Defects
Hot pixel defects 1
Single pixel defects 25 for each individual color (R, G1, G2, B)
Falcon Camera QE Curve - Monochrome and Color
0.0
%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Wavelength (nm)
Quantum Efficiency (QE)

Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual DALSA
Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras 15
Clusters defects No limit (see note)
Spot defects 0
Column defects 0
Row defects 0
Definition of sensor cosmetic specifications
Hot pixel defect: Pixel whose signal, in dark, deviates by more than 400DN (10-bits) from its neighboring
pixels.
Single pixel defect: Pixel whose signal, at nominal light (illumination at 50% of the linear range),
deviates by more than ±30% from its neighboring pixels.
Cluster defect: A grouping of at most 5 pixel defects within an area of 3*3 pixels.
Spot defect: A grouping of more than 5 pixel defects within an area of 3*3 pixels.
Column defect: A vertical grouping of more than 20 contiguous pixel defects along a single column.
Row defect: A horizontal grouping of more than 20 contiguous pixel defects along a single row.
Test conditions
•Digital gain – 1X.
•Nominal light = illumination at 50% of saturation.
•Frame Rate = 100fps
•Integration time = 9ms
•Temperature of camera front plate is 25°C
Note: While the number of clusters is not limited by a maximum number, the total number of
defective pixels cannot exceed 100. Therefore, you could have 20 clusters of 5 pixels in size
(20 x 5 = 100), but you could not have 21 clusters of 5 in size (21 x 5 = 105).
(The probability of 21 clusters of 5 is negligible and is only used as an example.)

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
16 Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras
1.3.2 Cosmetic Specification
Beyond sensor cosmetic testing, the Falcon cameras are placed under additional testing to more closely
examine potential cosmetic defects due to the sensor glass.
Glass defects are considered to be a group of pixels exceeding the maximum % deviation below the
mean and the cluster size specifications. Images are taken at nominal light (illumination at 50% of the
linear range).
Monochrome Camera Specifications
Blemish
Specifications Maximum % deviation below the mean Size Maximum Number of Defects
Glass defects 8% 12 0
In addition, the camera is examined for the following blemish defects.
Blemish Specifications Maximum Number of Defects
Hot pixel defects 1
Single pixel defects 100
Color Camera Specifications
Blemish
Specifications Maximum % deviation below the mean Size Maximum Number of Defects
Glass defects 20% 9 0
In addition, the camera is examined for the following blemish defects.
Blemish Specifications Maximum Number of Defects
Hot pixel defects 1
Single pixel defects 25 for each individual color (R, G1, G2, B)
Test conditions
•Digital gain – 1X.
•Nominal light = illumination at 50% of saturation.
•Frame Rate = 100fps
•Integration time = 9000 µs
•Temperature of camera front plate is 25°C
Note: All of the above sensor and camera cosmetic specifications are with flat-field correction turned off
(epc 0 0). There are no post flat-field (epc 1 1) camera cosmetic specifications.

Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual DALSA
Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras 17
1.4 Certifications
RoHS Compliancy as per European directive RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC and
People’s Republic of Chin Electronic Industry Standard SJ/T11364-2006
1.5 Shock and Vibration Certifications
Falcon cameras are shock and vibration tested to ensure their performance in industrial environments. All
cameras pass the following tests:
Test Standard Description
Sinusoidal vibrations with
identification of critical
frequency or frequencies
IEC 68-2-6 (1995)
Test Fc Frequency range: 10 to 2000 Hz Amplitude: 5 m/s2
Frequency rate: 1 octave per minute
Duration: 1 sweep cycle (to-and-fro)
Sinusoidal vibrations
Endurance IEC 68-2-6 (1995) Test Fc Frequency range: 10 to 2000 Hz Amplitude: 100 m/s2
Frequency rate: 1 octave per minute
Duration: 2 sweep cycles (to-and-fro)
Shocks IEC 68-2-27 (1987)
Test Ea and guide Shape: Half-sine Amplitude: 75 g
Duration: 3 ms
Number: 3 shocks (+) and 3 shocks (-)

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
18 Introduction to the Falcon XDR and HG Cameras

Camera Hardware Interface 19
2
Camera Hardware Interface
2.1 Installation Overview
When setting up your camera, you should take these steps:
1. Power down all equipment.
2. Following the manufacturer’s instructions, install the frame grabber (if applicable). Be sure to
observe all static precautions.
3. Install any necessary imaging software.
4. Before connecting power to the camera, test all power supplies.
5. Inspect all cables and connectors prior to installation. Do not use damaged cables or connectors
or camera may be damaged.
6. Connect the mini-Camera Link and power cables.
7. After connecting cables, apply power to the camera.
8. Check the diagnostic LED. If camera is operating correctly, the LED will flash for 10 seconds and
then turn solid green. See the section 2.2.1 LED Status Indicator on page 21 for a description of
LED states.
You must also set up the other components of your system, including light sources, camera mounts,
computers, optics, encoders, and so on. This installation overview assumes you have not installed any
system components yet.
Note: when unscrewing the mini-Camera Link cable from the Falcon camera, ensure the connector
mounting screws do not become attached to the cable thumbscrews; in this case, simply screw the
connector mounting screw back into the camera connector mounting

DALSA Falcon XDR and HG Series Camera User's Manual
20 Camera Hardware Interface
Camera Link cable quality and length
The maximum allowable Camera Link cable length depends on the quality of the cable used and the
Camera Link strobe frequency. Cable quality degrades over time as the cable is flexed. Also, as the
Camera Link strobe frequency is increased, the maximum allowable cable length will decrease.
The Falcon cameras have been designed such that at the highest strobe frequency the Falcon cameras
are capable of driving cables 10m in length. This is to ensure system integrity since a typical Camera Link
camera can only achieve 5.6m transmission distances.
DALSA does not guarantee good imaging performance with low quality cables of any length. In general,
DALSA recommends the use of high quality cables in lengths for any cable length.
2.2 Input/Output Connectors and LED
The camera uses:
•A diagnostic LED for monitoring the camera. See the section 2.2.1 LED Status Indicator on page
21 for details.
•One high-density 26-pin SDR26 connector for Camera Link control signals, data signals, and
serial communications. Refer to section 2.2.2 Camera Link Data Connector on page 21 for
details. In addition, the PoCL capability of these cameras allows power to also be sent on the
SDR26 connectors.
•One 6-pin Hirose connector for power (optional). Refer to section 2.2.5 Power Connector on page
25 for details.
Mini-Camera Link
SDR26
Connector
Hirose Power Input
+12V to +15V
(Optional: PoCL
also available)
Diagnostic
LED STATUS
POWER
12V-15V DC
CONTROL & DATA 1
Input/Output Connectors
WARNING: Ensure that all the correct voltages at full load are present at the camera end of the power
(irrespective of cable length) according to the pinout defined in section 2.2.5 Power Connector on page
25. A common system problem is that the voltage drop across the power cable is large enough that the
voltage at the camera does not meet the power input voltage specifications.