Dalsa FA-20-01M1H User manual

Falcon 1.4M100
1.4 Megapixel 100 fps CMOS Area Scan Cameras
Camera User’s Manual
FA-20-01M1H
1-Apr-09
03-032-20024-01
www.dalsa.com

Falcon 1.4M100 Camera Manual
2
© 2009 DALSA. All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. No
responsibility is assumed by DALSA for its use. DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this
information without notice. Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited
without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA.
About DALSA
DALSA is an international high performance semiconductor and electronics company that designs,
develops, manufactures, and markets digital imaging products and solutions, in addition to providing
semiconductor products and services. DALSA’s core competencies are in specialized integrated circuit
and electronics technology, software, and highly engineered semiconductor wafer processing. Products
and services include image sensor components; electronic digital cameras; vision processors; image
processing software; and semiconductor wafer foundry services for use in MEMS, high-voltage
semiconductors, image sensors and mixed-signal CMOS chips. DALSA is listed on the Toronto Stock
Exchange under the symbol “DSA”. The Company has its corporate offices in Waterloo, ON and over
1000 employees worldwide.
For further information not included in this manual, or for information on DALSA’s extensive line of
image sensing products, please call:
DALSA Sales Offices
Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific
605 McMurray Rd
Waterloo, ON
Canada
N2V 2E9
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.dalsa.com
[e-mail]
Breslauer Str. 34
D-82194 Gröbenzell (Munich)
Germany
Tel: +49 - 8142 – 46770
Fax: +49 - 8142 – 467746
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
Ikebukuro East 13F
3-4-3 Higashi-Ikebukuro
Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170-0013
Japan
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] (fax)
www.dalsa.com
sales.asi[email protected]
DALSA Worldwide Operations
Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific
605 McMurray Rd
Waterloo, ON N2V 2E9
Canada
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.dalsa.com
[e-mail]
Breslauer Str. 34
D-82194 Gröbenzell (Munich)
Germany
Tel: +49 - 8142 – 46770
Fax: +49 - 8142 – 467746
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
Ikebukuro East 13F
3-4-3 Higashi-Ikebukuro
Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170-0013
Japan
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] (fax)
www.dalsa.com
sales.asi[email protected]
Camera Link is a trademark registered by the Automated Imaging Association, as chair of a committee of
industry members including DALSA.
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Contents
Introduction to the Falcon 1.4M100 Camera________________________________________7
1.1 Camera Highlights ...............................................................................................................7
1.1.1 Features ................................................................................................................. 7
1.1.2 Programmability...................................................................................................... 8
1.1.3 Description.............................................................................................................. 8
1.1.4 Applications ............................................................................................................ 8
1.2 Camera Performance Specifications ................................................................................... 9
1.3 Responsivity and Quantum Efficiency ................................................................................. 11
1.4 Camera Cosmetic Specifications......................................................................................... 12
1.4.1 Sensor Cosmetic Specifications ............................................................................. 12
1.4.2 Cosmetic Specification ........................................................................................... 13
Camera Hardware Interface ____________________________________________________15
2.1 Installation Overview............................................................................................................ 15
2.2 Input/Output Connectors and LED....................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 LED Status Indicator............................................................................................... 17
2.2.2 Camera Link Data Connector................................................................................. 17
2.2.3 Input Signals, Camera Link .................................................................................... 19
2.2.4 Output Signals, Camera Link.................................................................................. 19
2.2.5 Power Connector.................................................................................................... 20
Sapera CamExpert Guide ______________________________________________________21
3.1 Using CamExpert with Falcon Cameras.............................................................................. 21
3.1.1 CamExpert User Interface...................................................................................... 22
3.1.2 CamExpert LUT Controls ....................................................................................... 23
Software Interface: How to Control the Camera _____________________________________25
4.1 Setting Baud Rate................................................................................................................ 26
4.2 Camera Serial Command Help Screen................................................................................ 26
4.3 Retrieving Information About the Camera ........................................................................... 28
4.3.1 Retrieving Camera Settings.................................................................................... 28
4.4 First Power Up Camera Settings ......................................................................................... 29
4.4.1 FA-20-01M1H......................................................................................................... 29
4.5 Saving and Restoring Settings............................................................................................. 29
4.5.1 Factory Settings...................................................................................................... 29
4.5.2 User Settings.......................................................................................................... 30
4.6 Camera Output Format........................................................................................................ 31
4.6.1 How to Configure Camera Output .......................................................................... 31
4.6.2 Setting the Camera’s Pixel Rate............................................................................. 33
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4.7 Setting Exposure Mode, Frame Rate and Exposure Time .................................................. 33
4.7.1 Non-Concurrent vs. Concurrent Modes of Operation............................................. 33
4.7.2 Setting the Exposure Mode and Time .................................................................... 35
4.7.3 Exposure Modes in Detail....................................................................................... 38
4.7.4 Setting the Frame Rate .......................................................................................... 41
4.8 Setting a Vertical Window of Interest................................................................................... 42
4.8.1 Frame Rate vs. Active Lines................................................................................... 42
4.9 Flat Field Correction ............................................................................................................ 44
4.9.1 CamExpert Calibration Wizard ............................................................................... 47
4.9.2 Selecting Factory or User Coefficients ................................................................... 48
4.9.3 Enabling Pixel Coefficients..................................................................................... 48
4.9.4 Selecting the Calibration Sample Size.................................................................... 49
4.9.5 Performing FPN Calibration.................................................................................... 50
4.9.6 Performing PRNU Calibration................................................................................. 52
4.9.7 Saving, Loading and Resetting Coefficients........................................................... 53
4.10 Gain Adjustments ................................................................................................................56
4.10.1 Factory Calibrated Analog Gains.......................................................................... 56
4.10.2 Setting Digital System Gain.................................................................................. 56
4.10.3 Subtracting Background ....................................................................................... 57
4.11 Generating a Test Pattern ................................................................................................... 58
Optical and Mechanical Considerations ___________________________________________61
5.1 Mechanical Interface............................................................................................................61
5.2 Lens Mounts ........................................................................................................................ 62
5.3 Optical Interface................................................................................................................... 63
5.3.1 Illumination ............................................................................................................. 63
5.3.2 Light Sources.......................................................................................................... 63
5.3.3 Filters...................................................................................................................... 63
5.3.4 Lens Modeling ........................................................................................................ 63
5.3.5 Magnification and Resolution ................................................................................. 64
Troubleshooting _____________________________________________________________65
6.1 Common Solutions .............................................................................................................. 65
6.1.1 Connections............................................................................................................ 65
6.2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface.......................................................................... 66
6.2.1 Communications..................................................................................................... 66
6.2.2 Verify Parameters................................................................................................... 66
6.2.3 Verify Factory Calibrated Settings.......................................................................... 66
6.2.4 Verify Timing and Digital Video Path...................................................................... 66
6.3 Specific Solutions................................................................................................................. 66
6.3.1 No Output or Erratic Behavior ................................................................................ 66
6.3.2 Line Dropout, Bright Lines, or Incorrect Frame rate ............................................... 66
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6.3.3 Noisy Output........................................................................................................... 67
6.3.4 Dark Patches.......................................................................................................... 67
6.4 Product Support................................................................................................................... 68
Appendix A _________________________________________________________________69
Camera Link™ Reference, Timing, and Configuration Table ___________________________69
LVDS Technical Description................................................................................................................ 69
Camera Signal Requirements ............................................................................................................. 69
Video Data........................................................................................................................................... 69
Camera Control Signals ...................................................................................................................... 70
Communication.................................................................................................................................... 70
Camera Link Video Timing .................................................................................................................. 71
Bit Assignments According to Configuration........................................................................................ 72
Appendix B _________________________________________________________________73
Error Handling and Command List _______________________________________________73
All Available Commands...................................................................................................................... 73
Appendix C _________________________________________________________________77
EMC Declaration of Conformity ........................................................................................................... 77
Appendix D _________________________________________________________________78
Revision History................................................................................................................................... 78
Index ______________________________________________________________________79
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1
Introduction to the Falcon
1.4M100 Camera
1.1 Camera Highlights
1.1.1 Features
•1.4 megapixels, 1400(H) x 1024(V) resolution
•Global shutter (non-rolling shutter) for crisp images
•100 fps model
•Compact camera body – 44mm x 44mm x 44mm – fits into the smallest of places
•Base mini-Camera Link™ SDR26 cable interface for greater ease of use
•Enhanced data drive capability – Achieves 80MHz data with 10m cables
•Vertical windowing for faster frame rate
•7.4µm x 7.4µm pixel pitch
•Good near-infrared (NIR) response
•2x80MHz data rates
•8 or 10 bit selectable output
•Dynamic range of 57dB

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1.1.2 Programmability
•Simple ASCII protocol controls gain, offset, frame rates, trigger mode, test pattern
output, and camera diagnostics
•Serial interface (ASCII, 9600 baud, adjustable to 19200, 57600, 115200), through
Camera Link
1.1.3 Description
The Falcon 1.4M100 camera provides 1.4 megapixel image capture at high frame rates of
100fps. The global shutter capability of the sensor makes this camera capable of capturing
low smear images at incredibly fast rates. Its small camera body and mini-Camera Link™
cabling allows the camera to fit into space-constrained applications. With its enhanced
data drive capability, mini-Camera Link cables up to 10m in length can be used.
Programmable features and diagnostics are accessible through the mini-Camera Link
SDR26 connector.
1.1.4 Applications
The Falcon 1.4M100 camera is ideal for applications requiring high speed, superior image
quality, and high responsivity, in space constrained areas. These features make the Falcon
1.4M100 applicable to:
•PCB-AOI inspection
•Semiconductor wafer inspection
•Electronics inspection
•Flat panel display inspection
•Industrial metrology
•Traffic management
•General machine vision
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1.2 Camera Performance Specifications
Feature / Specification Units Notes
Resolution pixels 1400Hx1024V
Effective fill factor with
microlenses
% 60
Output Format (# of taps) 2 Tap Interleaved
(odd/even)
Optical Interface Units Notes
Back Focal Distance
Sensor die to mounting
plate
mm
17.52 4
Sensor Alignment
x
y
z
θz
mm
mm
mm
°
+/- 100 microns
+/- 100 microns
+/- 150 microns
+/- 0.2
Lens Mount C-mount
Units Notes
Camera Size mm 44 x 44 x 44
Mass g 105g
Connectors
power connector
data connector
6 pin male Hirose
SDR26 female – mini
Camera Link
Electrical Interface Units Notes
Input Voltage Volts +12V to 15V
Power Dissipation W < 3
Operating Temperature °C 0 to 50 1
Data Output Format Bits 8 or 10 user selectable
Output Data Configuration Base mini-Camera Link
Operating Ranges Units Notes
Minimum Frame Rate Hz 0
Maximum Frame Rate Hz 100
Data Rate MHz 2 @ 80
Dynamic Range
(10 bits @ nominal gain)
Ratio 602:1 2
Random Noise DN rms 1.7
Broadband Responsivity DN/(nJ/cm2) 12
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Operating Ranges Units Notes
DC Offset DN 1 5
Antiblooming >1000 x Saturation
FPN DN rms 1.2 5
PRNU DN rms 4 5, 6
Integral non-linearity DN <2% 3
Test conditions unless otherwise noted:
•Exposure mode 2 (sem 2)
•100 fps (ssf 100)
•9000 millisecond exposure time (set 9000)
•Light Source: Broadband Quartz Halogen, 3250K, with 750 nm cutoff filter
•Ambient test temperature 25°C
•Full Frame
•10 bits
Notes:
•Measured at the front plate.
•Based on output at 1023DN
•Output over 10-90%
•Optical distance.
•Flat-field correction applied with 9000 ms exposure at 50 fps in sem 2
•At 80% of camera saturation, 1x digital gain
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1.3 Responsivity and Quantum Efficiency
The responsivity graph describes the sensor response to different wavelengths of light
(excluding lens and light source characteristics). Visible light spans wavelengths between
390-780 nanometers. Wavelengths below 390 nm are ultra-violet while those above 780
nm are termed infra-red.
Falcon 1.4M100 Responsivity Curve
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Wavelength (nm)
Responsivity (DN/(nJ/cm²)
The quantum efficiency graph describes the fraction of photons at each wavelength that
contribute charge to the pixel.
Falcon 1.4M100 QE Curve
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Wavelength (nm)
Quantum Efficiency (QE)
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1.4 Camera Cosmetic Specifications
1.4.1 Sensor Cosmetic Specifications
The following table highlights the current cosmetic specifications for the DALSA sensor
inside the Falcon 1.4M100 camera. The monochrome sensor has 1.4 megapixels (1400 x
1024) and global shuttering.
Blemish Specifications Maximum Number of Defects
Hot pixel defects 1
Single pixel defects 100
Clusters defects No limit (see note)
Spot defects 0
Column defects 0
Row defects 0
Definition of cosmetic specifications
Hot pixel defect
•Pixel whose signal, in dark, deviates by more than 400DN (10-bits) from its
neighboring pixels.
Single pixel defect
•Pixel whose signal, at nominal light (illumination at 50% of the linear range), deviates
by more than ±30% from its neighboring pixels.
Cluster defect
•A grouping of at most 5 pixel defects within an area of 3*3 pixels.
Spot defect
•A grouping of more than 5 pixel defects within an area of 3*3 pixels.
Column defect
•A column which has more than 8 pixel defects in a 1*12 kernel.
•Column defects must be horizontally separated by 3 good columns.
Row defect
•A horizontal grouping of more than 3 pixel defects between at least 2 good pixels on
both sides, where single good pixels between 2 defective pixels are considered as
defective.
Test conditions
•Digital gain – 1X.
•Nominal light = illumination at 50% of saturation.
•Frame Rate = 100fps
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•Integration time = 9ms
•Temperature of camera front plate is 25°C
Note: While the number of clusters is not limited by a maximum number, the total
number of defective pixels cannot exceed 100. Therefore, you could have 20 clusters of 5
pixels in size (20 x 5 = 100), but you could not have 21 clusters of 5 in size (21 x 5 = 105).
(The probability of 21 clusters of 5 is negligible and is only used as an example.)
1.4.2 Cosmetic Specification
Beyond sensor cosmetic testing, the camera is placed under additional testing to more
closely examine potential cosmetic defects due to the sensor glass.
Blemish
Specifications
Maximum % deviation
below the mean
Size Maximum Number
of Defects
Glass defects 8% 12 0
Definition of cosmetic specifications
Glass defects
•A group of pixels exceeding the maximum % deviation below the mean and the
cluster size specifications. Images are taken at nominal light (illumination at 50% of
the linear range).
In addition, the camera is examined for the following blemish defects.
Blemish Specifications Maximum
Number of
Defects
Hot pixel defects 1
Single pixel defects 100
Test conditions
•Digital gain – 1X.
•Nominal light = illumination at 50% of saturation.
•Frame Rate = 100fps
•Integration time = 9ms
•Temperature of camera front plate is 25°C
Note: All of the above sensor and camera cosmetic specifications are with flat-field
correction turned off (epc 0 0). There are no post flat-field (epc 1 1) camera cosmetic
specifications.
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2
Camera Hardware Interface
2.1 Installation Overview
When setting up your camera, you should take these steps:
1. Power down all equipment.
This installation
overview assumes
you have not
installed any system
components yet.
2. Following the manufacturer’s instructions, install the frame grabber (if applicable). Be
sure to observe all static precautions.
3. Install any necessary imaging software.
4. Before connecting power to the camera, test all power supplies.
5. Inspect all cables and connectors prior to installation. Do not use damaged cables or
connectors or camera may be damaged.
6. Connect the mini-Camera Link and power cables.
7. After connecting cables, apply power to the camera.
8. Check the diagnostic LED. If camera is operating correctly, the LED will flash for 10
seconds and then turn solid green. See the section 2.2.1 LED Status Indicator on page
17 for a description of LED states.
You must also set up the other components of your system, including light sources,
camera mounts, computers, optics, encoders, and so on.
Note: when unscrewing the mini-Camera Link cable from the Falcon camera, ensure the
connector mounting screws do not become attached to the cable thumbscrews; in this
case, simply screw the connector mounting screw back into the camera connector
mounting.
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A note on Camera Link cable quality and length
The maximum allowable Camera Link cable length depends on the quality of the cable
used and the Camera Link strobe frequency. Cable quality degrades over time as the
cable is flexed. As the Camera Link strobe frequency is increased, the maximum
allowable cable length will decrease.
DALSA does not guarantee good imaging performance with low quality cables of any
length. In general, DALSA recommends the use of high quality cables in lengths less than
10 meters.
2.2 Input/Output Connectors and LED
The camera uses:
•A diagnostic LED for monitoring the camera. See the section 2.2.1 LED Status
Indicator on page 17 for details.
•One high-density 26-pin SDR26 connector for Camera Link control signals, data
signals, and serial communications. Refer to section 2.2.2 Camera Link Data
Connector on page 17 for details.
•One 6-pin Hirose connector for power. Refer to section 2.2.5 Power Connector on
page 20 for details.
Mini-Camera Link
SDR26
Connector
Hirose
Power Input
+12V
Diagnostic
LED
Input/Output Connectors
WARNING: Ensure that all the correct voltages at full load are present at the camera end
of the power (irrespective of cable length) according to the pinout defined in section 2.2.5
Power Connector on page 20. A common system problem is that the voltage drop across
the power cable is large enough that the voltage at the camera does not meet the power
input voltage specifications.
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2.2.1 LED Status Indicator
The camera is equipped with an LED to display the operational status of the camera. The
table below summarizes the operating states of the camera and the corresponding LED
states.
When more than one condition is active, the LED indicates the condition with the highest
priority. Error and warning states are accompanied by corresponding messages further
describing the current camera status.
Color of Status LED Meaning
Off Hardware malfunction or no power
Flashing Red (1 Hz) Fatal error. Non-recoverable error (such as overheating).
Flashing Red (4 Hz) Loading backup firmware
Solid Red Warning. Loss of functionality. Operating condition out of
specified range.
Flashing Blue (1 Hz) Ready to download/Downloading files. Used for
firmware update, LUT and FFC coefficients download.
Flashing Blue (4 Hz) Writing to flash memory, do not power off. Used during
firmware update and write user settings.
Flashing Green (1 Hz) Camera initialization or executing a long command. LED
shall flash green at least once each time a serial command
is received.
Solid Green Camera is operational and functioning correctly. Typically
outputting images in free-running mode (internal sync,
mode 2).
2.2.2 Camera Link Data Connector
SDR26 Female
1
14
13
26
Mini-Camera Link SDR26 Connector
The Camera Link interface is implemented as a Base Configuration in the Falcon cameras.
You select the camera configuration with the clm command described in section 4.7
Setting Exposure Mode, Frame Rate and Exposure Time on page 33.
The following tables provide this camera’s principal Camera Link information. See
Appendix A for the complete DALSA Camera Link configuration table, and refer to the
DALSA Web site, www.dalsa.com, for the official Camera Link documents.
Camera Link Hardware Configuration Summary
Configuration 8 Bit Ports
Supported
Serializer
Bit Width
Number
of Chips
Number of
SDR26
Connectors
Base A, B, C 28 1 1
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BASE
Configuration
Port Definition
Mode (set with
clm command)
Port A
Bits 0 thru 7
Port B
Bits 0 thru 7
Port C
Bits 0 thru 7
Mode 2
2 Tap 8 bit
Tap 1 LSB...Bit 7 Tap 2 LSB...Bit7 xxxxxxx
Mode 3
2 Tap 10 bit
Tap 1 LSB… Bit 7 Tap 1 Bits 8,9
Tap 2 Bits 8,9
Tap 2 LSB..Bit 7
Camera Link Connector Pinout
Base Configuration
One Channel Link Chip + Camera Control + Serial Communication
Camera
Connector
Right Angle Frame Grabber
Connector
Channel Link
Signal
1 1 inner shield
14 14 inner shield
2 25 X0-
15 12 X0+
3 24 X1-
16 11 X1+
4 23 X2-
17 10 X2+
5 22 Xclk-
18 9 Xclk+
6 21 X3-
19 8 X3+
7 20 SerTC+
20 7 SerTC-
8 19 SerTFG-
21 6 SerTFG+
9 18 CC1-
22 5 CC1+
10 17 CC2+
23 4 CC2-
11 16 CC3-
24 3 CC3+
12 15 CC4+
25 2 CC4-
13 13 inner shield
26 26 inner shield
Notes:
*Exterior Overshield is connected to the shells of the connectors on both ends.
**3M part 14X26-SZLB-XXX-0LC is a complete cable assembly, including connectors.
Unused pairs should be terminated in 100 ohms at both ends of the cable.
Inner shield is connected to signal ground inside camera
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DALSA Camera Control Configuration
Signal Configuration
CC1 EXSYNC
CC2 Reserved for future use
CC3 Reserved for future use
CC4 Reserved for future use
2.2.3 Input Signals, Camera Link
The camera accepts control inputs through the Camera Link SDR26F connector. The
camera ships in internal sync, internal programmed integration (exposure mode 2), and
Camera Link mode 2.
EXSYNC
The EXSYNC signal tells the camera when to integrate and readout the image. It can be
either an internally generated signal by the camera, or it can be supplied externally via
the serial interface. Depending upon the mode of operation the high time of the EXSYNC
signal can represent the integration period.
Section 4.7 Setting Exposure Mode, Frame Rate and Exposure Time on page 33 details
how to set frame times, exposure times, and camera modes.
2.2.4 Output Signals, Camera Link
These signals indicate when data is valid, allowing you to clock the data from the camera
to your acquisition system. These signals are part of the Camera Link configuration and
you should refer to the DALSA Camera Link Implementation Road Map, available at
www.dalsa.com, for the standard location of these signals.
Camera Link Clocking Signals
Clocking Signal Indicates
LVAL (high) Outputting valid line
DVAL (high) Valid data
STROBE (rising edge) Valid data
FVAL (high) Outputting valid frame
•The camera internally digitizes to 10 bits and outputs the 8 most significant bits
(MSB’s) or all 10 bits depending on the camera’s Camera Link operating mode.
•For a Camera Link reference and timing definitions refer to Appendix A on page 69.
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2.2.5 Power Connector
Hirose Pin Description
Pin Description Pin Description
1 12 to 15V 4 GND
2 12 to 15V 5 GND
3 12 to 15V 6 GND
Hirose 6-pin Circular Male
1
3
2
6
5
4
Mating Part: HIROSE HR10A-7P-6S
The camera requires a single voltage input (12 to 15V). Ensure you measure a minimum
of 12V at the camera power connector and not at the power supply. The voltage drop
across power cables can be large enough to supply too low of a voltage to the camera for
it to operate properly.
!
WARNING: When setting up the camera’s power supplies follow these guidelines:
•Protect the camera with a fast-blow fuse between power supply and camera.
•Power surge limit at 500 mA.
•12 V power supply. Nominal 0 to 3A load resulting in ~20 A/s current ramp rate
•Power supply current limit needs to be set at >2 A.
•Do not use the shield on a multi-conductor cable for ground.
•Keep leads as short as possible to reduce voltage drop. Long power supply leads may
falsely indicate that the power supply is within the recommended voltage range even
when the camera at the connector is actually being supplied with much less voltage.
•Use high-quality linear supplies to minimize noise.
•Use an isolated type power supply to prevent LVDS common mode range violation.
Note: Performance specifications are not guaranteed if your power supply does not meet
these requirements.
WARNING: It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your
camera. Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. Protect the camera with a fast-
blow fuse between power supply and camera.
!
Visit the www.dalsa.com Web site for a list of companies that make power supplies that
meet the camera’s requirements. The companies listed should not be considered the only
choices.
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