Dalsa Piranha HS Series User manual

Piranha HS-xx
Detailed Getting Started Guide
and Worksheet
January 2005
03-32-10147-01

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 2
DALSA Corp. 03-32-10147-01
© 2005 DALSA. All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable.
No responsibility is assumed by DALSA for its use. DALSA reserves the right to make changes
to this information without notice. Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any
means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA.
About DALSA
DALSA is an international high performance semiconductor and electronics company that
designs, develops, manufactures, and markets digital imaging products and solutions, in
addition to providing wafer foundry services. DALSA’s core competencies are in specialized
integrated circuit and electronics technology, and highly engineered semiconductor wafer
processing. Products include image sensor components; electronic digital cameras; and
semiconductor wafer foundry services for use in MEMS, power semiconductors, image sensors
and mixed signal CMOS chips.
DALSA is a public company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “DSA”.
Based in Waterloo, ON. Canada, the company has operations in Bromont, PQ; Colorado Springs,
CO; Woodland Hills, CA; Eindhoven, NL; Munich, Germany and Tokyo, Japan.
All DALSA products are manufactured using the latest state-of-the-art equipment to ensure
product reliability.
For further information not included in this manual, or for information on DALSA’s extensive
line of image sensing products, please call:
DALSA Sales Offices
Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific
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605 McMurray Rd
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[phone] (phone)
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Camera Link is a trademark registered by the Automated Imaging Association, as chair of a
committee of industry members including DALSA.

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 3
DALSA Corp. 03-32-10147-01
Piranha HS-xx Cameras
Detailed Getting Started
Guide
elcome. This Getting Started Guide is intended to lead first time TDI users
through a detailed set up procedure that will result in a high quality first
image. It introduces you to image reconstruction, optical alignment, data output
selection, and camera calibration using both Area and TDI operating modes of
the camera.
Before you begin, ensure that you have:
•An installed framegrabber with appropriate Camera Link™ capability (Base,
Medium, Full). During this procedure you will be creating configuration files
to set up the framegrabber for both TDI and Area mode of operation.
•A light source, preferably with intensity control.
•The lens that you intend to use for your application,attached to the camera.
•Terminal program (or framegrabber equivalent) such as Windows
HyperTerminal (in Windows 2000 Start →Programs →Accessories →
Communications →HyperTerminal) for sending commands to the camera.
•Camera power cable and Camera Link cables
•A flat white surface (preferably plastic) for white calibration
•An alignment test object that is square to direction of motion and has
sufficient detail that enables camera focus and alignment. See example below.
Figure 1: Example Alignment Test Object
1 2 3 4 5 6
Direction of web
movement
Line should be perpendicular to the axisof the web’s motion
Note: All commands mentioned in this Getting Started Guide are described in the
camera user’s manual. You will have to refer to the user’s manual while
performing some of the tasks in this guide.
W

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Part 1: Creating Framegrabber Configuration
Files
In total, you will need at least two framegrabber files: one for Area Mode and
one for TDI Mode. Although, your final goal will be to image in TDI Mode, you
will use Area Mode for aligning and focusing the camera to your object. In order
to create your framegrabber files, you must determine some preliminary camera
operating conditions such as number of taps, bit depth, line rate, etc. The
following steps will help you to determine these required operating conditions
and set up your framegrabber configuration files.
1. Determine the line rate required by your application.
Line rate = [transport speed inches per second] x [dots per inch]
Record the required line rate _______________
2. Record the minimum throughput needed in your application
Minimum Throughput = Number of horizontal pixels in sensor x Line rate
Record the minimum throughput _______________
3. Referring to the clm command in the camera user’s manual, determine the
most compatible Camera Link Mode matching your desired throughput and
line rate value, bit depth, number of taps, and Camera Link configuration.
Figure 2: How to Read the Camera Link Mode Table
Camera Link ModeConfiguration (Controlled by
clm command)
Readout Direction(Controlled by
smm command)
Pixel Rate
Configuration
(Controlled by sot
command)
Command
Camera Link
Configuration
Camera Link Taps Bit
Depth
smm 0 increment =1
smm 1 increment = -1
clm 2
Base 2 Camera Link taps
where:
1 = CCD taps 1 +2
2 = CCD taps 3+4
8 smm 0 =CL tap 1 (1-2048)
CL tap 2 (2049-4096)
smm 1 = CL tap 1 (4096-2049)
CL tap 2 (2048-1)
sot 160 = 80 MHz
strobe
(max line rate
36kHz)
sot 80 = 40 MHz
strobe
(Max line rate
18kHz)
Find the rows in the table
with a line rate greater than
or equal to desired line rate
recorded in step 1.
From the rows determined in part A,
find the values in the table
with a throughput greater than your
required throughput recorded in step 2.
sot
From the rows determined by
part B, find the Camera Link modes
with your desired bit depth.
From the remaining rows determined
in part C, select an acceptable Camera Link
configuration. If none of the remaining
configurations are acceptable for your system,
you will have to reduce your bit depth
or line rate.
Record the clm value from the table. clm ___________
Record the sot value from the table. sot ____________
The clm command is described
in the Configuring Data Readout
section of chapter 3 of the camera
user’s manual.

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4. Referring to the smm command in the same table in the camera user’s manual
(refer to Figure 2 above for an example), determine the pixel readout
direction. Record the applicable tap pixels start, stop and increment values
from the reference table into the table below and record the smm value.
smm____ (0 is the default and generally a good choice for most installations)
Table 1: smm Command Start and Stop Pixel Values
Tap # Start Pixel Location End Pixel Location Increment Value either
SMM 0: Inc = 1
SMM 1: Inc = -1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5. Using the information gathered in the steps above, create the framegrabber
configuration file for TDI Mode of operation. Be sure to set the framegrabber
configuration of the control lines (CC1 (EXSYNC) and CC3 (FORWARD)) as
required for your system application.
6. Create the framegrabber configuration for Area Mode of operation using the
same information with the additional knowledge that the image height will
be 96 rows with row 1 to 96 being output sequentially with an increment of 1.
Note: Using the stg (stage select) command, you select the height of the
image. In most cases, it is best to select 96 stages (stg 96) for optical
alignment. It may be necessary to reduce the number of stages if the field of
view is less than 96 rows and the edges are highly reflective. Highly
reflective edges may result in excessive smear in the image.
Note: If you plan to use less than 96 TDI stages in TDI Mode, create another
framegrabber configuration file for Area Mode of operation using that
number of stages as the number of rows.
Part 2: Mounting and Connecting the Camera
1. Mount the camera with lens at the calculated distance for the desired
magnification. See the application note located at
http://vfm.dalsa.com/docs/appnotes/72_Practical_Radiometry_03-36-
00008-00.pdf if you require more information.
2. Mount the test alignment target in place of the true object. This essentially is
a white card with a black ruler which is perpendicular to object motion.
Refer to Figure 1 to view a test alignment target picture example. Since the
Area Mode of operation has about 10x more integration time than TDI Mode,
the white can be of low reflectivity.
3. Connect the Camera Link data cables.
The Camera Link Base configuration is supported on DATA1 (labeled on the
back of the camera). It must be plugged into the correct framegrabber
The smm command (set mirror
mode) is described in the
Configuring Data Readout section
of chapter 3 of the camera user’s
manual.

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 6
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connector. The DATA2 cable is for the Medium and Full configurations and
should be connected to the framegrabber Medium/Full connector.
4. Connect the shaft encoder and the direction control, if applicable, to the
framegrabber. TDI mode requires that the speed of the image is matched to
the speed of the object. A mismatch in speed will cause blurring in the scan
direction. You will need a shaft encoder if the speed of the object will be
ramped. The integration time and the output level will change during the
ramping period if the gain or light level is not adjusted.
5. Ensure the power cable is correctly wired and the power supply set to
between 12 and 15 volts.
Figure 3: Hirose 6-pin Circular Male—Power Connector
Hirose 6-pin Circular Male
5
4
6
2
3
1
Mating Part:HIROSE
HR10A-7P-6S
6. Connect the power cable to the camera and power on.
Part 3: Verifying Framegrabber and Camera
Communication in Area Mode
1. Open your framegrabber application and load the framegrabber file for Area
Mode operation.
2. Connect HyperTerminal (or equivalent terminal program) to the
framegrabber configuring it for 9600 baud, 1 start bit, 1 stop bit, 8 data bits,
no flow control using the framegrabber com port. The camera doesn’t echo
characters so local echoing should be turned on.
3. Confirm serial communication between the camera and the framegrabber by
pressing the ENTER key.
If the camera does not respond with OK>, check that:
•HyperTerminal is connected to the correct com port and correctly
configured.
•DATA 1 cable is connected to the Base connector on the
framegrabber and, if applicable, the DATA2 cable is connected to
the Medium/Full connector on the framegrabber.
•The LED is green on the back of the camera indicating that power is
applied.
4. Enter the command tdi 0to operate the camera in Area Mode.
5. Set the Camera Link mode to the configuration selected in Part 1 using the
command clm desired camera link mode. The camera should respond
with OK> or a warning message. The warning can be ignored.
6. Set the horizontal mirror mode to the mode recorded in Part 1. Enter smm
desired mirroring mode (either 0 for left to right or 1 for right to left).
7. Set the throughput to the configuration entered in Part 1. Enter sot
desired throughput. Camera responds with OK> or a warning message if
Table 2: Hirose Pin Description
Pin Description Pin Description
1 Min +12 to Max +15V 4 GND
2 Min +12 to Max +15V 5 GND
3 Min +12 to Max +15V 6 GND
Note: All commands are
terminated with a carriage return.
You need to press ENTER after
typing a command string.
Note: All camera commands and
their ranges are listed
alphabetically in Appendix B of
the camera’s user’s manual.

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 7
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the throughput is too low for internally generated line/frame rate. The
warning can be ignored.
8. Execute the following commands to ensure that the camera is configured as
expected.
Table 3: Camera Configuration Commands (Area Mode)
Description Command Camera Response
Part 1. Configure the Sensor Readout
Set the vertical binning
factor to 1
sbv 1 OK> or a warning message
depending on internal frame
rate
Set the horizontal binning
factor to 1
sbh 1 OK> or a warning message
depending on CLM and
throughput
Set the number of stages to 96 stg 96 OK> or a warning message
depending on internal frame
rate
Part 2: Configure the Video Chain
Set the analog offset.
Typically, this should be 3x
the random noise. 100 DN 12
bit is a good value and will
work.
sao 0 100 OK>
Set the A/D offset or digital
offset subtract value to 0 for
all taps
sdo 0 0 OK>
Set the optical background
subtract value to zero for all
taps
ssb 0 0 OK>
Set the Digital output gain or
system gain to unity for all
taps
ssg 0 4096 OK>
Select a ramp input into the
video chain
svm 1 OK>
Part 3: Configure the Exposure Mode and User Controls
Select the exposure mode.
Exposure mode 7 operates
using the maximum exposure
time.
sem 7 OK>
Select internal frame rate.
17Hz gives approximately a
20:1 smear ratio and is a good
starting point (if operating
the 4k@sot 160 or 8k@sot
320). Generally a 20:1 or 10:1
smear ratio is sufficient for
focus. (max line rate in TDI
mode/1000 to 2000).
ssf 17 OK>
Select Internal Forward
direction.
scd 0 OK>
9. Enter svm 1 to observe the camera’s test pattern. Grab an image with your
framegrabber. Ensure that you are viewing your entire image. The test
pattern should look like the one below. Note: The following diagrams show
In this procedure, binning is set to
1 (no binning) for best camera
resolution. Higher binning factors
are sometimes used for extremely
low light conditions or to achieve
better MTF since the pixel size is
effectively increased by the
binning factor. Refer to the
camera’s user’s manual for more
information on binning.
Smear is expected with lighting
that is not strobed. The effects of
smear can be reduced by using a
long integration time.

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 8
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12-bit pixel values. When operating in 8-bit mode, pixel values will be 1/16th
of pixel values in the diagram.
4k
1030
6
1031
2054
2055
3078
3079
7
8k
6
3624
3385
2907
2668
2429
1951
1712
3146
2190
517
1234
756
7
245
484
730
1201
1440
1679
1918
2157
2396
2635
2874
3113
3352
3591
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 1
Area Mode, Forward Internal Direction, Test
Pattern 1(tdi 0, scd 0, svm 1)
If your framegrabber file matches
your mirroring mode, you will see
this pattern.
Camera and framegrabber settings
are listed under the test pattern.
Notice how the framegrabber
configuration matches the camera
mirroring mode.
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 0 scd 0
If you do not see the test pattern above, you may see one of the following:
4k
1030
6
1031
2054
2055
3078
3079
7
8k
6
3863
3624
3385
2907
2668
2429
1951
1473
3146
996
2190
518
1234
757
7
246
730
962
1201
1440
1918
2157
2396
2635
2874
3352
3591
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 0
Area Mode, Forward Internal Direction, Test
Pattern 1 (tdi 0, scd 0, svm 1)
If you see this test pattern, your
framegrabber configuration file does
not match your mirroring mode.
You will need to reconstruct the
pixel readout definitions in your
framegrabber configuration file.
Repeat Part 1.
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm1
scd 0
4k
1030
7
1031
2054
2055
3078
3078
7
8k
6
3624
3385
2907
2668
2429
1951
1712
1473
3146
996
2190
518
1234
757
7
246
962
1201
1440
1679
1918
2157
2396
2635
3113
3352
3591
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 1
Area Mode, Reverse Internal Direction, Test
Pattern 1 (tdi 0, scd 1, svm 1)
If you see this test pattern, you are
operating in Reverse Internal
Direction. If you want to operate in
forward direction control, enter the
command scd 0.
Note: If you need to change your
direction, you have to re-enter all of
the commands in Table 3 to ensure
proper camera configuration.
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 0 scd 1

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 9
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4k
1029
6
1030
2053
2054
3077
3078
7
8k
6 3623
3384
2906
2667
2428
1472
3145
995
2189
517
7
245
484
729
961
1200
1439
1678
1917
2156
2395
2634
2873
3112
3351
3590
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 0
Area Mode, Reverse Internal Direction, Test
Pattern 1(tdi 0, scd 1, svm 1)
If you see this test pattern, your
framegrabber configuration file does
not match your mirroring mode.
You will need to reconstruct the
pixel readout definitions in your
framegrabber configuration file. If
you want to operate in forward
direction control, enter the
command scd 0.
Note: If you need to change your
direction, you must re-enter all of
the commands in Table 3 to ensure
proper camera configuration.
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 1 scd 1
10. Enter svm 2 to select a different test pattern. Grab an image with your
framegrabber. The test pattern should look like the one below.
4k
1008
2032
3056
4080
8k
240
496
752
1264
1520
1776
2032
2288
2544
2800
3056
3312
3568
3824
4080
1008
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 0
readout
smm 0
Area Mode, Test Pattern 2 (tdi 0, scd
0, svm 2)
If your framegrabber file matches
your mirroring mode, you will see
this pattern.
Camera and framegrabber settings
are listed under the test pattern.
Notice how the framegrabber
configuration matches the camera
mirroring mode.
Note: If you need to change your
direction, you have to re-enter all of
the commands in Table 3 to ensure
proper camera configuration. Configuration matches smm 1
readout
smm 1 scd 0 or 1
If you do not see the test pattern above, you may see one of the following:
4k
1008
2032
3056
4080
8k
240
496
752
1264
1520
1776
2032
2288
2544
2800
3056
3312
3568
3824
4080
1008
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1
readout
smm 0
Area Mode, Test Pattern 2 (tdi 0, scd
1, svm 2)
If you see this test pattern, your
framegrabber configuration file does
not match your mirroring mode.
You will need to reconstruct the
pixel readout definitions in your
framegrabber configuration file.
Repeat Part 1.
Note: If you need to change your
direction, you have to re-enter all of
the commands in Table 3 to ensure
proper camera configuration.
Configuration matches smm 0
readout
smm 1 scd 0 or 1

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 10
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11. If you are planning to use an external EXSYNC source to generate your
frame rate, enter sem 3 to operate the camera in an externally controlled
frame rate, otherwise skip to Part 4. This mode accepts an external trigger on
the falling edge of CC1.
12. Enter svm 1 and observe that the test pattern displayed by the framegrabber
returns to the original ramp. This indicates that the camera is receiving the
external trigger.
If the captured test pattern doesn’t change, check:
•The shaft encoder connection
•That the shaft encoder is generating pulses and is rotating
•The framegrabber configuration file for the CC1 line.
Part 4: Focusing and Aligning the Camera in
Area Mode
1. Enter sem 7 to return to an internally generated frame rate.
2. Enter svm 0 to select real video for output. The test pattern should now be
replaced by a real image.
3. It may be necessary to adjust the gain or light level to observe an image on
the screen. If you need to adjust the video output, use the command sag 0 i
where iis the gain value in a range from -10 to +10dB.
•If you are using the minimum gain value and the framegrabber still
shows a white image, you will need to increase the camera’s frame
rate. Use the command ssf fwhere fis the new frame rate in Hz
or reduce the light.
•If you using the maximum gain and the image is still dark you will
need to add more light.
•If you have a highly reflective aperture where the blacks are washed
out and the edge of the image is clipped at white, reduce the
number of stages stg i, where iis the number of stages, until the
bloomed part of the image is eliminated. If you reduce the number
of stages, you will have to create another framegrabber
configuration file to handle the reduced image height. When using
fewer stages it is important that the direction be identical to the TDI
direction so that the same portion of the image sensor is used. If you
are using the TDI camera in both directions, then the aperture needs
to be adjusted so that is not part of the field of view.
4. Using a test alignment object, position the camera to required magnification
(field of view) necessary for your system (for example, 600 dpi will require
that there is 3000 pixels measured between 5 inches on the test target). Use
the framegrabber tools to measure this distance.
5. Focus the lens. The black to white transition should occur in as few pixels as
possible.
6. Align the camera so that it is square to the test target. If there is a 10 row tilt
in the line over 1000 pixels then this will result in about a 1 pixel blurring (96
stage operation) in TDI mode of operation. See diagram for good alignment
definitions.
Readout is triggered by an
EXSYNC pulse. EXSYNC pulses
arriving during readout of the
test pattern are ignored.

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 11
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Figure 4: Alignment Example
1 2 3 4 5 6
Good alignment: Camera is square with the test object and image is uniformly in focus.
Camera Rotated: Camera is not square with the test object
1
2
3
4
5
6
2 3 4
Camera tilted: Camera is not parallel to inspection surface and image is not uniformly in focus (depth of field issues).
7. Enter the wus command to save these settings for future use.
8. If you plan to operate the camera in the reverse tdi direction, enter the gcp
command and record the analog gain values (in order to enter the same
values for the reverse direction) for each of the camera’s taps, otherwise, skip
to Part 5.
Tap # Gain Value
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
9. Select the reverse direction by entering scd 1.

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10. Issue the commands in the table below and readjust the gains to those
recorded in the forward direction.
Configure the digital video
chain
Camera
Response
Set analog offset to 100LSB sao 0 100 OK>
Set the A/D offset or digital offset
subtract value to 0 for all taps
sdo 0 0 OK>
Set the optical background subtract
value to zero for all taps
ssb 0 0 OK>
Set the Digital output gain or system
gain to unity for all taps
ssg 0 4096 OK>
Set the gain to the forward direction
values
sag Tap
Value OK>
11. Observe that the image captured by the framegrabber is mirrored vertically
(96 stages) or captures a different image and is mirrored vertically when less
than 96 stages are selected.
12. Enter wus to save the current settings.
Part 5: Verifying TDI Mode Operation
The camera is now properly aligned and focused. Now you need to verify the
framegrabber configuration files for image reconstruction in TDI mode and, if
necessary, verify that the forward and reverse hardware input works in your
application.
1. Change camera operating mode to TDI by entering the tdi 1command.
2. Open the TDI Mode framegrabber configuration file.
3. Set the Camera Link mode to the configuration entered in Part 1, step 6 using
the command clm desired camera link mode. The camera should
respond with OK> or a warning message. The warning can be ignored.
4. Set the horizontal mirror mode to the mode recorded in Part 1, step 6. Enter
smm desired mirroring mode.
5. Set the throughput to the configuration entered in Part 1, step 6. Enter sot
desired throughput. Camera responds with OK> or a warning message if
the throughput is too low for internally generated line rate. The warning can
be ignored.
6. Set to internal forward direction using the command scd 0.
7. Execute the following commands to ensure that the camera is configured as
expected.
Table 4: Camera Configuration Commands (TDI Mode)
Description Command Camera
Response
Configure the Sensor Readout
Set the vertical binning factor to 1 sbv 1 OK> or a warning
message depending
on internal frame
rate
Set the horizontal binning factor
to 1
sbh 1 OK> or a warning
message depending
In this procedure, binning is set to
1 (no binning) for best camera
resolution. Higher binning factors
are sometimes used for extremely
low light conditions or to achieve
better MTF since the pixel size is
effectively increased by the
binning factor. Refer to the
camera’s user’s manual for more
information on binning.

Piranhs HS-xx Detailed Getting Started Guide 13
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on clm setting and
throughput
Set the number of stages to that
needed (16,32, 48, 64,80, 96)
stg number of
stages OK>
Configure the Video Chain
Set the analog offset to 100 LSB sao 0 100 OK>
Set the A/D offset or digital offset
subtract value to 0 for all taps
sdo 0 0 OK>
Set the optical background
subtract value to zero for all taps
ssb 0 0 OK>
Set the Digital output gain or
system gain to unity for all taps
ssg 0 4096 OK>
Disable pixel coefficients epc 0 0 OK>
Configure the Exposure Mode and User controls
Select internal frame rate
generation
sem 7 OK>
Select internal frame rate to the
calculated line rate
ssf Calculated
value from step
1of Part 1.
OK>
8. Enter svm 1 to observe the camera’s test pattern. Grab an image with your
framegrabber. The test pattern should look like one of the figures below.
Note: The following diagrams show 12-bit pixel values. When operating in 8-
bit mode, pixel values will be 1/16th of pixel values in the diagram.
4k
1023
4095
1024
2047
2048
3071
3072
0
8k
4095
3856
3617
3378
2900
2661
2422
1944
1705
1466
3139
988
2183
511
1227
749
0
238
477
716
955
1194
1433
1672
1911
2150
2389
2628
2867
3106
3345
3584
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 0
If your framegrabber file matches
your mirroring mode, you will see
this pattern.
Camera and framegrabber settings
are listed under the test pattern.
Notice how the framegrabber
configuration matches the camera
mirroring mode.
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 1 scd 0

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If you do not see the test pattern above, you may see one of the following:
4k
1023
4
095
1024
2047
2048
3071
3072
0
8k
4095
3856
3617
3378
2900
2661
2422
1944
1705
1466
3139
988
2183
511
1227
749
0
238
477
716
955
1194
1433
1672
1911
2150
2389
2628
2867
3106
3345
3584
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 0
TDI Mode, Forward Internal Direction, Test
Pattern 1 (tdi 1, scd 0, svm 1)
If you see this test pattern, your
framegrabber configuration file does
not match your mirroring mode.
You will need to reconstruct the
pixel readout definitions in your
framegrabber configuration file.
Repeat Part 1 or change the smm
value to match the framegrabber file.
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 1 scd 0
4k
1023
4095
1024
2047
2048
3071
3072
0
8k
4095
3856
3617
3378
2900
2661
2422
1944
1705
1466
3139
988
2183
511
1227
749
0
238
477
716
955
1194
1433
1672
1911
2150
2389
2628
2867
3106
3345
3584
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 0
TDI Mode, Reverse Internal Direction, Test
Pattern 1 (tdi 1, scd 1, svm 1)
If you see this test pattern, you are
operating in Reverse Internal
Direction. If you want to operate in
forward direction control, enter the
command scd 0.
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 1 scd 1
4k
1023
4095
1024
2047
2048
3071
3072
0
8k
4095
3856
3617
3378
2900
2661
2422
1944
1705
1466
3139
988
2183
511
1227
7490
238
477
716
955
1194
1433
1672
1911
2150
2389
2628
2867
3106
3345
3584
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 0
TDI Mode, Reverse Internal Direction, Test
Pattern 1(tdi 1, scd 1, svm 1)
If you see this test pattern, your
framegrabber configuration file does
not match your mirroring mode.
You will need to reconstruct the
pixel readout definitions in your
framegrabber configuration file. If
you want to operate in forward
direction control, enter the
command scd 0.
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 1 scd 1
If you cannot see these test patterns, ensure that:
•Your framegrabber configuration file is correct
•You have entered all previous commands correctly. Repeat steps in Part
5 if you are unsure.

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9. Enter svm 2 to select a different test pattern and observe that the new
pattern is captured by the framegrabber.
4k
1008
2032
3056
4080
8k
240
496
752
1264
1520
1776
2032
2288
2544
2800
3056
3312
3568
3824
4080
1008
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 1
TDI Mode, Test Pattern 2 (tdi 1, scd
0, svm 2)
If your framegrabber file matches
your mirroring mode, you will see
this pattern.
Camera and framegrabber settings
are listed under the test pattern.
Notice how the framegrabber
configuration matches the camera
mirroring mode.
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 0 scd 0 or 1
If you do not see the test pattern above, you may see one of the following:
4k
1008
2032
3056
4080
8k
240
496
752
1264
1520
1776
2032
2288
2544
2800
3056
3312
3568
3824
4080
1008
Framegrabber Configuration Camera Mirror Mode Direction
Configuration matches smm 1 readout smm 0
TDI Mode, Test Pattern 2 (tdi 1, scd
1, svm 2)
If you see this test pattern, your
framegrabber configuration file does
not match your mirroring mode.
You will need to reconstruct the
pixel readout definitions in your
framegrabber configuration file.
Repeat Part 1.
Configuration matches smm 0 readout smm 1 scd 0 or 1
10. Return to internal forward direction using the command scd 0.
11. Replace the test target used for focus with a uniform white field. Note: White
paper is often not sufficient because the grain in the white paper will distort
the correction. White plastic or white ceramic will lead to better balancing.
12. Enter svm 0 to image the white field. The camera should respond with OK
and the test pattern should no longer be imaged by the framegrabber.
13. Enter number of stages using the command stg number of stages.
14. Select a full region of interest by entering roi 1 1 number of sensor
pixels 1.
15. Calibrate the analog gain using the ccg 1 0 target output value in a
range from 1024 to 4055 referenced to the 12 bit A/D data width. This
algorithm adjusts analog gain so that between 8% and 13% of ROI pixels per
tap are above target. If the camera returns a warning then more/less light or
more/less stages are needed.
16. Review the image captured and set the region of interest using the command
roi xyxy . The region of interest is the region of the image where you expect
to have a good image. It is also the region used in automated gain routines
and flat field correction algorithms. In most applications, the field of view
exceeds the required object size and these extraneous areas should be

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ignored. It is recommended that you set the region a few pixels inside the
actual useable image.
17. Repeat the ccg 1 0 icommand. You will see tap mismatch but the PRNU
algorithm (ccp command which is performed later) will eliminate the tap
mismatch.
18. Reset the pixel coefficients to ensure that FPN values are set to zero by
entering the rpc command.
19. For best accuracy, set the number of samples to use in the coefficient
calculation algorithm to its maximum using the command css 1024.
20. After having adjusted the gains, selected the number of stages, and warmed
up the camera with the correct line rate, you can now perform FPN
correction. (Skip to step 22 if you are unable to put a lens cover onto the
camera to make the image dark.) To begin, put a lens cover on the camera
and enter the ccf command. The camera calculates the FPN values and
reports a warning if more than 1% of the FPN coefficients were clipped to
the maximum value or if there was too much random noise. The digital
offset value is also calculated causing the A/D offset to be subtracted from
the output signal.
If you receive a warning during FPN correction:
•Ensure the lens is covered
•Increase the analog offset using the sao 0 offset value command.
Repeat the ccf command if the offset is changed.
21. Enter the command wfc i1 to save the FPN coefficients.
22. If you performed FPN correction, the output video should be near zero and
you can skip to the next step. If not, the value should be near 100LSB in 12
bit. Enter the command sdo 0 100 to subtract offset.
23. Remove the lens cover and enter the command ccp to perform PRNU
correction. The camera calculates the PRNU coefficients for all pixels using
the peak pixel found in the ROI and reports statistics for the ROI. You
receive a warning if more than 1% of the coefficients are clipped or there
were too many clipped values in the raw data.
If you receive a “W08: Greater than 1% of coefficients have been clipped>”
message during PRNU correction:
•Check that your region of interest is correct
•Check that your light source uniformity is better than 50%
If you receive a “W07: Coefficient may be inaccurate A/D clipping has
occurred>”
•Reduce the camera gain to avoid clipping. Repeat the ccp command if
you adjust the gain.
24. Enter the command wpc i1 to save the coefficients.
25. Turn on the coefficients by entering the command epc 1 1. You should see
a flat line approximately equal to the peak uncorrected output.
26. If you will be operating the camera in the reverse direction, enter the
command scd 1 to change to reverse direction and repeat steps 7 to 25.
27. If you will be operating the camera using external direction control, test the
external control by entering the command scd 2, otherwise skip to step 32.
28. Have your system send the forward direction signal on CC3 (high).

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29. Enter gcp to view the camera parameter screen. The camera parameter
screen should report
CCD Direction: external/forward
If the reported status is incorrect, check that:
•The connection of the direction control to the framegrabber
•The framegrabber configuration to ensure that the hardware signal is
correctly routed through the framegrabber
30. Have your system send the reverse direction signal on CC3 (low).
31. Enter gcp to view the camera parameter screen. The camera parameter
screen should report
CCD Direction: external/reverse
32. Enter the command sem exposure mode to select your operating exposure
mode.
33. Enter the command scd direction to select your direction control method.
34. Enter the command wus to save the operating state. On reboot, the camera
will power up in this state.
35. Check the image with a real object with real motion. You should see good
image.
It is imperative that the direction of motion is correct. If vertical smearing
occurs even when using the correct line rate:
•If you are using an external line rate, try using an internal line rate. Enter
sem 7 and then ssf line rate. If you receive a clipped to max warning
then you will have to change the Camera Link Mode.
•Try changing the camera’s CCD shift direction using the scd
direction command.
Conclusion
This completes the procedure and your camera should now be imaging properly.
If you still need to improve your TDI image, you may want to try some of the
following tips:
•In TDI Mode, gain can be adjusted by changing the number of stages. If you
reach the sensor full well, you will have to reduce the number of stages. This
is characterized by an increase in the PRNU and results from different
columns reaching the antiblooming level at different light levels. The camera
gain is designed so that the minimum specified gain does not cause the
sensor to reach full well.
•It is very important that the sensor is aligned perpendicular to the direction
of motion of the object. The portion of an object which is imaged in a pixel at
the first stage of integration must also be imaged in the same column at the
last stage of integration, otherwise blurring of the image will occur.
•If a system design dictates that constant exposure is required where line
speed variations or fluctuating illumination occurs, then some method of
controlled exposure must be incorporated. This can generally be achieved
with some type of synchronously strobed or intensity controlled
illumination, and because of the high sensitivity of the camera, LED
illumination systems can be reliably used. For further information on using
Full well is the maximum
charge that can be stored
in each pixel before it
drains into the substrate.

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strobed LED illumination with high sensitivity line scan cameras, refer to
DALSA document 03-32-00540.