Denon PMA-S1 User manual

PMA-SA1
INTEGRATED AMPLIFIER
DCD-SA1
CD / SUPER AUDIO CD PLAYER

The last frontiers of audio await exploration.
The yearning to experience a performance of great music, again and again with refreshing depth, lies in the heart of every audiophile.
Whether it be classical music, jazz, popular songs, rock and roll, or traditional folk music, DENON continues to find a way to reproduce
high-quality digital sound sources so that lovers of any kind of music can quickly be transported to the real performance of their choice.
This aspiration for the ultimate audio experience permeates all of DENON's development efforts. It was true when DENON developed
the S1 Series 10 years ago, and of course it is still true today with the new SA1 Series.
For a decade, the S1 Series provided the foundation from which DENON continued to nurture technologies and accumulate experience,
giving birth to the SA1 Series today. In the SA1, DENON proudly brings you the last frontiers of audio for you to explore.

The "S1 Series" that appeared in 1993 was a reference-class audio series designed to please the most discerning of all audiophiles.
The primary objective of the S1 Series was to reproduce "reality"---- a deeper, more natural sound.
Continuing the same quest for high-quality sound reproduction that the S1 Series had been pursuing, the PMA-SA1 combines the latest audio
technologies with the reliability that DENON's amplifiers have earned over the past 10 years. From the external design to the details on the inside,
the PMA-SA1 has been developed as a member of the new SA Series embodying the essence of DENON's advanced audio technologies.
With new advances in audio formats and the ability now of many households to enjoy multi-channel sound in their own home theatres,
"authentic sound" is in even greater demand. The SA Series represents DENON's latest offering of possibilities in pure 2-channel audio
for today's most dedicated music lovers.
Balancing dynamic power and delicate details in sound,
the fruit of many years of DENON audio technology and experience.
PMA-SA1
INTEGRATED AMPLIFIER
04
UHC-MOS, the ideal
large-current amplifier
The ideal amplifier uses a minimum number of
amplifier elements to control output current. Obtaining
large output from simple circuitry, however, requires
elements capable of handling incredibly large
current. Since its development of the POA-S1,
DENON has been employing the UHC-MOS
large-current amplifier element in its amplifiers.
DENON's UHC-MOS uses single push-pull tech-
nology to configure the ideal circuit for a large-output
amplifier. The UHC-MOS has a gain that is even
higher than that of bipolar transistors; with a single
element, the UHC-MOS achieves the current linearity
of 35 MOS-FETs and 3 bipolars. The UHC-MOS
incorporates the capability of MOS-FETs to reproduce
the delicate nuances of music and thus masterfully
reproduces the full sonic range, from the sound
of a violin solo that gradually tapers off into the
acoustics of the hall, to the dramatic climax of
a full orchestra that causes heaven and earth
to tremble.
Cascode Bootstrap Connection,
to bring out the maximum potential
of UHC-MOS
This UHC-MOS that boasts large current and
superior linearity on its own suffers from low
withstand voltage and large junction capacity.
Solving these shortcomings is the Cascode
Bootstrap Connection, a technology that ensures
Main Features
stable operation and brings out the UHC-MOS's
outstanding conversion characteristics. The cas-
code bootstrap circuitry maintains voltage to the
UHC-MOS at a constant level and solves the size
of junction capacity. In addition, it vastly improves
temperature stability to successfully stabilise and
bring out the superior acoustic characteristics of
the UHC-MOS.
+
_
( MM)
CD-1
BALANCED
SPEAKER
OUT(L)
CD-2
TUNER
DVD/AUX
TAPE-1/CD-R
TAPE-2/MD
TAPE-1/CD-R REC
TAPE-2/MD REC
PHONO EQ.
AMP
BALANCE
CONTROL
(RIGHT CHANNEL)
INPUT
SELECTOR
REC OUT
SELECTOR
POWER
TRANSFORMER
AC PLUG
+B
- B
-
Muting
protector
+B
+
- B
+B
- B
+B
- B
SOURCE
EQUALIZER POWER
MAIN
VOLUME
Voltage
amplification
stage
Bias circuit
Bias circuit
power supply
+B
- B
power supply
FUSE switch
CONTROL
PRE-AMPLIFIER
POWER
AMPLIFIER
Cascode stage
Cascode stage
Cascode stage
Power
Regulated
Regulated
PHONO

05

06
Simple amplifier stage configuration
The cascode bootstrap circuitry in the
PMA-SA1 achieves ideal characteristics at the
power amplification stage and ensures stable
operation. This solution simplifies the configuration
of the power amplification stage and allows the
amplifier to reproduce music with total purity. The
stable operation and drive capabilities of the
UHC-MOS also help eliminate sources of resistance
that degrade the quality of the musical signal. This
produces a circuit configuration in which the output
stage, equipped with powerful drive capabilities, is
directly connected to the speakers.
All-stage balanced amplifier
configuration, to protect clarity of
musical signals
The PMA-SA1 has achieved a balance among
all stages. Since a balanced configuration makes it
possible to keep internal voltage at a low level,
superior devices for low voltage can also be used.
Furthermore, since noise and interference between
circuits can be suppressed and output current to the
speakers is completely separated from the ground
circuit, the speakers are driven purely by the output
stage, giving the PMA-SA1 superior drive capabili-
ties. The resulting sound features a truly realistic
spatial expression and the music is full of life.
Inverted ∑Balance Circuit, realising
a balanced amplifier for high sound
quality
The PMA-SA1 is endowed with an Inverted ∑
Balance Circuit that supports both balanced and
unbalanced input. This design does not require
separate conversion circuits in the preceding stage
but allows the signal to be input directly to the
power stage in a balanced configuration. Along
with the UHC-MOS of the output stage, this circuit
adheres to the principle of "simple and straight" to
ensure a beautiful, transparent sound.
High-grade volume control
The PMA-SA1 has a 50mm-diameter volume
control for ultimate audio performance. Low-distortion
carbon ink and a multiple-contact, gold-plated wire
brush have been used to ensure faithful music
playback and enable highly precise volume control
with maximum attenuation of -120 dB. Superior
sound quality and channel separation are
achieved through the use of a machined copper
case that shuts out the unwanted influences of
external vibration or noise.
Aluminum transformer case and
capacitor holder
Since the transformer is the largest source of vibra-
tion inside an amplifier, the transformer has been
placed into a highly vibration-resistant sand-cast case.
Also, since the capacitors are particularly sensitive to
the effects of vibration, they have been secured inside
sand-cast holders. These efforts to totally protect the
audio signal from the adverse effects of vibration
ensure that the playback sound is perfectly clean.
Robust power supply for each section
In the PMA-SA1's power unit, the output stage
requiring large current and the voltage amplifica-
tion stage requiring stability are completely isolated
from the transformer coil stage. A large-capacity
electrode capacitor utilising low-impedance
electrode foil and high-quality-sound capacitors of
different frequencies have been combined for use
in rectification. In addition, low-loss, low-noise,
high-speed Schottky barrier diodes have been
used for the rectifier elements. These features
ensure a sufficiently clean, powerful current supply.
The control system including relays has also been
isolated from the transformer coils to eliminate
adverse influences on sound quality.
Input
Conventional System
New Inverted ∑ Balance Circuit
+
--
+
--
+
--
+
--
+
--
+
--
A1
A1
A2
A3
A4
Input

07

08
Precision Signal Ground Circuit,
to preserve signal purity
In the PMA-SA1, the adverse effects of noise
from the constant current circuit and other sources
onto the signal as it passes through the power
amplifier stage are minimised by the careful place-
ment of ground points for each circuit. The signal is
thus amplified under ideal conditions to produce an
eminently clean, transparent sound.
Fully independent phono
equaliser amplifiers
The phono equaliser circuit, equipped with its
own dedicated stable power supply, uses a
low-noise FET at the first stage, allowing the
listener to enjoy recorded performances with
superior sound quality and characteristics. Since
the power supply is independent, the phono
equaliser alone can be turned on and off. If the
equaliser is not being used in CD playback or other
situations, turning it off prevents adverse effects
on line input.
"Simple & Straight" circuit design
To ensure that music playback is pure and free
of coloration, every effort has been made to keep
the signal path simple and straight. The PMA-SA1
does not come with PRE OUT / MAIN IN or head-
phone terminals, or with tone, loudness, and
muting controls.
Chassis construction with 6
independent blocks
The PMA-SA1's chassis has been divided into
six independent blocks for the equaliser/input
section, volume control section, voltage amplifica-
tion section, power amplification section, power
supply section, and the control section. The 1.6mm
thick copper-plated steel plates used to construct
the chassis protect the signal circuitry from external
vibration and also eliminate adverse influences
between the circuits.
Independent L/R Heat Sinks
The PMA-SA1's heat sinks are equipped with
stabilisers that sufficiently suppress resonance, and
L/R separation is clearly improved by having inde-
pendent heat sinks for the left and right channels.
Generous use of large gold-plated
speaker terminals and other parts
selected for high sound quality
DENON has endowed the PMA-SA1 with a
wealth of parts carefully selected for superior
sound quality. These include machined gold-plated
pin jacks, OFC for internal wiring, resistors, capac-
itors, cast insulators, and large gold-plated
speaker terminals.
European Sound Tune
In the selection of parts for the PMA-SA1, pri-
mary emphasis was placed on the texture and
atmosphere created by the sound, since most
Europeans come into contact with live perfor-
mances in all genres of music on a daily basis and
naturally expect this quality of sound from their
sound system at home. Amplifiers that handle deli-
cate, low-level input signals are particularly subject
to both internal and external vibrations that adverse-
ly affect the sound's transparency over the entire
audible spectrum. To avoid these difficulties,
DENON has devised their own unique method of
combining a variety of vibration-resistant materials
that ensure an ideal level of silence within the
PMA-SA1. Together with its UHC-MOS single
push-pull circuitry and robust power supply, the
PMA-SA1 reproduces a remarkable musical bal-
ance, from the finest pianissimos to the most pow-
erful fortissimos.
Improvements in Parts for High
Sound Quality
The PMA-SA1 uses parts, such as film capaci-
tors, electrolytic capacitors, resistors, and induc-
tors, that have been dramatically improved for
sound quality over the past ten years since DENON
released the PMA-S1. Each part has been carefully
selected through stringent tests to ensure they per-
form at uniform standards and are appropriate for
reproducing the original sound. In addition, OFC
wire has been used for the power supply connector
cable and the lead wires from the transformer. The
overall aim of these parts is to produce a more nat-
ural and realistic sound.

09
Specifications
Power Amplifier Section
Rated output.......................... 50 W + 50 W (8Ω, 20 Hz -20 kHz, THD 0.07%)
100 W + 100 W (4Ω, 1kHz, THD 0.7%)
Total Harmonic Distortion ...... 0.007% (-3dB at rated output, 8Ω, 1 kHz)
Preamplifier Section
Equaliser Amp Output ........... 150mV
Input sensitivity/Impedance ... PHONO MM: 2.5 mV/47kΩ
BALANCED: 105mV/100kΩ
LINE: 105mV/47kΩ
RIAA deviation ...................... PHONO MM: 20Hz - 20kHz ±0.3dB
General
Signal-to-noise ratio ............. PHONO MM:89dB
BALANCED: 105dB
LINE: 105dB
Power consumption ............... 230 W
Dimensions ........................... W434 x H181 x D508 mm
Weight .................................. 30kg
Super radiation aluminum top cover

The "S1 Series" that appeared in 1993 was a reference-class audio series designed to please the most discerning of all audiophiles. The primary
objective of the S1 Series was to reproduce "reality"---- a deeper, more natural sound.
Continuing the same quest for high-quality sound reproduction that the S1 Series had been pursuing, the DCD-SA1 combines the latest audio
technologies with the reliability that DENON's CD players have earned over the past 10 years. From the external design to the details on the
inside, the DCD-SA1 has been developed as a member of the new SA Series embodying the essence of DENON's advanced audio technologies.
With new advances in audio formats and the ability now of many households to enjoy multi-channel sound in their own home theatres, "authentic
sound" is in even greater demand. The SA Series represents DENON's latest offering of possibilities in pure 2-channel audio for today's most
dedicated music lovers.
Meticulously designed circuitry, drive mechanism, construction
reflect the best of DENON's technology and experience.
DCD
-
SA1
CD / SUPER AUDIO CD PLAYER
10
'Advanced AL24 Processing,'
the latest technology for
high sound quality
The DCD-SA1 employs Advanced AL24
Processing, the ultimate analog waveform repro-
duction technology developed by DENON, for use
during PCM signal input (during stereo signal
processing). In addition to the data expansion of
existing AL24 Processing Plus technology, up-
converted sampling is used to achieve natural
interpolation without losing original data. Greater
optimisation in digital processing algorithm has
also been achieved for ringing-free pulse response
and for pulsive music data and attack sounds.
This enhances naturalness in the reproduction
of spatial information such as the delicate
nuances in the music, the
locations of the performers,
and the breadth, height, and
depth of the concert hall.
Original Drive Mechanism,
the heart of DENON's digital disc
playback technology
DENON has been developing original drive
mechanisms for a large number of digital disc play-
ers from CD players to universal DVD players. In
addition, the control firmware (for the signal proces-
sor and loader drive circuit) to operate these mecha-
nisms was also developed by DENON. These tech-
nologies as well as DENON's track record of sup-
plying mechanism engines to other manufac-
turers have earned high marks.
Since Super Audio CDs rotate at high speed
during playback, the length of the motor shaft has
been considerably shortened. A long-life brushless
motor capable of withstanding vibration caused by
high-speed rotation has also been used. In
addition, thorough consideration has been given
to mechanical deviations in the optical axis of
the laser beam being irradiated by the pickup onto
the disc, mechanical unevenness in the base of the
pickup mechanism, and the mechanical inclination
of the brushless motor shaft.
The DCD-SA1's mechanism uses a vibration-
resistant coating that was used in the highly-
acclaimed SVH loader. In addition to an optimum
mechanism base floating design, the DCD-SA1
features a thorough hybrid vibration-resistant con-
struction based on vibration analyses in order to sup-
press the resonance of components caused by disc
rotation.
High-accuracy master clock oscillator,
to suppress jitter and noise
The importance of a master clock has been
growing with the spread of high-grade, high-sam-
pling audio sources such as Super Audio CD and
DVD-Audio and advances in high sampling and sig-
nal processing during CD playback. The DCD-
SA1 employs an oscillator with high accuracy and
high stability. Extremely stable oscillation output has
been achieved by modularising the oscillator's circuit
blocks and suppressing influences such as load
capacity from PC boards and other areas compared
to general crystal oscillators. The pattern wiring on
the clock PC board has been designed to ensure
high signal transfer efficiency with negligible loss,
and the clock accurately controls how signals are
sent to each IC. In particular, the physical dis-
Main Features

11

12
tance between the clock and the DAC has been
shortened, resulting in a clock design that would not
be possible without internal oscillation centred on the
DAC. This design thoroughly minimises the adverse
influences of jitter and noise. During Super Audio CD
playback, the vital DSD clock is frequency divided
from the high-accuracy master clock and supplied to
the DSD decoder on the slave side. As for clock
supply to the DAC, the master device, this is sup-
plied after the DSD clock is timing adjusted again by
the master clock. This process strictly adheres to
oscillation accuracy.
Fully balanced output using 4-DAC
configuration
The DCD-SA1's D/A conversion circuitry,
configuring a differential output circuit, uses 2 D/A
converters for each stereo channel. Independent con-
verters are used for each of the hot and cold termi-
nals to realise a fully differential balanced circuit. This
configuration is very different from a balanced output
configuration that uses an operational amplifier to
invert phase following conventional D/A converter
output. Since delays between hot and cold
terminals no longer occur and interference is avoid-
ed, it is an ideal high-quality sound output. The dif-
ferential drive circuit configuration is also used for
the unbalanced output circuit.
Triple floating power supply
The elimination of the adverse effects of
vibration from the power supply transformer not
only suppresses resonance among all components
and prevents noise from influencing the audio
signal, it also ensures a clean, stable supply of
power. The DCD-SA1 features a triple floating
construction from the base of the power supply
to the transformer.
(1) Vibration-resistant construction between the
transformer and the case: A base filling material is
first poured onto the bottom of the cast aluminum
case, and the power supply transformer is placed
into the case after it hardens. The filling material is
then inserted again.
(2) Suppression of vibration onto the secured base:
Shock absorbing material is inserted between the
transformer case and the cast aluminum transformer
base.
(3) Control of vibration transmitted to the chassis in all
frequencies: Four types of shock absorbing materials
of different resonance frequencies have been com-
bined between the transformer base and the chassis.
Thoroughly vibration-resistant
construction
To prevent external vibration and minute internal
vibration from adversely affecting sound quality, the
DCD-SA1 has been engineered to be thoroughly
vibration resistant.
- 4-layer bottom plate construction
Surface resonance of the chassis is sup-
pressed and rigidity is enhanced by three flat
plates that have been layered at the bottom of the
chassis.
- Cast iron insulator
The cast iron has a carbon content specified by
DENON following considerable sound quality
tuning. In addition, a special absorbent material
and high-quality habutae fabric have been added
between the insulator and bottom plate layers to
effectively suppress the adverse effects of vibration
components over a wide frequency range.
- Hybrid construction for all panels
Comprehensive vibration analyses have been
conducted for each of the side, top, and rear panels
forming the cabinet, and a vibration-resistant
construction combining hybrid materials has been
adopted to minimise the resonance frequencies of
individual parts.
- Vibration-resistant PC board design
Fluorocarbon resin has been applied between
the chassis and the PC boards in order to "float"
them and minimise their exposure to minute
vibration from the chassis.
Flexible input/output, also operates
as high-grade D/A converter
Since the DCD-SA1 supports digital input
signals of a sampling frequency up to 192 kHz, it
can be connected to a variety of devices offering
PCM digital signal output. The DCD-SA1 can also
be connected as a high-grade D/A converter with
Advanced AL24 Processing, allowing audiophiles
to enjoy a variety of high-quality sound sources.
Pure Direct mode
The Pure Direct mode turns off the display and
digital signal output to create an environment for
enjoying only the purity of music. When the high-
pulse signals of the display drive circuit have been
turned off, the audio circuitry is further protected
from adverse influences, ensuring an even cleaner
sound from music sources.
European Sound Tune
With the advance of Super Audio CD and other
new formats, fans of high-end audio are demanding
refinements in the quality of sound from audio
equipment. European audiophiles are particularly
keen to reproduce the naturalness of live sound,
including transparency, precise localisation, and a
thoroughly realistic ambience.
The parts for the DCD-SA1 have been carefully
selected for their ability to deliver superior sound
quality. Since some of these parts are hand-made,
they are difficult to procure and are currently used
only by DENON. The DCD-SA1 has a large number
of top-grade capacitors, for instance, that use a
natural silk textile on the inside and high-purity
copper wires.
DENON's technologies, design philosophy, and
strictly selected parts together produce a sublime
artistry that eminently befits a flagship audio com-
ponent.
Front End
processor
DSD
decoder
Lch
UNBALANCE
Lch
BALANCE
Advanced
AL24+
HOT-
HOT+
COLD-
COLD+
Lch DAC
Counter
Block Relock Master
Clock
DSD DATA
PCM DATA
HOT-
HOT+
COLD-
COLD+
Rch DAC
Rch
BALANCE
Rch
UNBALANCE
64fs 768fs

13

"AL24 Processing" for Bit Expansion,
"Advanced" Circuitry for Greater
Data Volume along the Time Axis
In AL24 Processing, the internal processing
circuit generates 8 lower bits of data which are
added to the original 16 higher bits for 24-bit quality
output. The circuit then interpolates the digital
data so that it as closely as possible reproduces
the smoothness of an analog waveform and allows
recordings on CD or other digital media to sound
the way they should in the natural world.
Figure 1 shows the playback sine wave of con-
ventional 16-bit data and how an audio signal that is
only output in steps of one LSB is smoothed as if it
were 24-bit data. Of course, these differences are
also clearly audible: distortion that causes discomfort
is reduced and the sound enjoys a superior S/N, free
of noise. In addition, Advanced AL24 Processing
uses proprietary high-speed signal detection tech-
nology and high-speed processing technology to
perform high-sampling up conversion on the time
axis and produce a sine wave that is even closer to
that of an analog signal. Besides expanding the con-
ventional number of bits, Advanced AL24 Processing
uses high-speed arithmetic processing algorithms
developed by DENON to observe and analyse sam-
ple groups of the original data and make interpola-
tions associated with up sampling and frequency
range expansion. (Figure 2)
Figure 3 shows the features of arithmetic pro-
cessing. If we observe the sine wave of a relatively
large attack signal assuming an actual music signal,
we can easily see how different it is from conven-
tional processing. While considerable ringing
occurs with general FIR filters both before and
after the attack signal, there is little ringing with
14
DENON led the world in developing a practical PCM recorder in 1972. The shift to digital technology solved numerous problems such as noise, wow, flutter,
and frequency response. The delicate nuances of sound from CD up to the least significant bit (LSB) are lost, however, due to the 16-bit quantisation and
band cutting at fs/2 (half the sampling frequency) during 44.1-kHz sampling. DENON was determined to tackle the problem of quantisation noise that
remained in digital audio, and developed ALPHA (adaptive line pattern harmonised algorithm), a technology that reproduced 16-bit data with 20-bit quality
and became a favourite with audiophiles around the world.
This development later progressed to 24-bit quality with the evolution of "AL24 Processing," and as support for higher resolutions and sampling continued to
improve, DENON developed "AL24 Processing Plus" for the 192-kHz sampling of DVD-Audio.
DENON's most recent achievement is "Advanced AL24 Processing," a proprietary high-speed signal processing technology that expands the volume of data
along the time axis.
The Development of "Advanced AL24 Processing":
Taking On the Challenge to Reduce Digital Distortion
Advanced AL24 Processing and we can see how well
suited this technology is for the reproducibility of sine
waves. Since greater efficiency in processing and
higher processing capacity allow data samples to be
processed in one stage across a wide range, signals
can also be interpolated with greater accuracy com-
pared to methods such as multi-stage configurations
that use conventional digital filters. In addition, the
oversampling rate has been boosted to 16fs from 8fs
to facilitate the expansion of data volume that contains
a more detailed, natural sound. The sonic result for the
audiophile is the ability to enjoy musical recordings
with the full ambience of the concert hall replete with
its spaciousness and the movements of musicians.
Greater Resolution
for the Adaptive Digital Filter
The adaptive digital filter is one more brain of
ALPHA. In the conventional ALPHA, adaptive
digital filters were used to prevent the occurrence
of ringing by extending the pass band with respect
to pulse data. For Advanced AL24 Processing,
however, DENON developed more highly adaptive
filter algorithms. Since this filter varies the inaudi-
ble frequency range using the most appropri-
ate algorithm for the pulsive musical data or con-
tinuous high-frequency sound, adverse influences
caused by repeated noise or reduced response in
the high frequency range are avoided, enabling
optimum sound reproduction.
Signal analysis,
Detection and
Timing generate
Control unit
Memory
Arithmetic unit
output
time
output
time
AL24 Plus Bit Extension
Arithmetic unit Arithmetic unit
Algorithm A Algorithm CAlgorithm B
Input data
Output data
Sample group import
Output unit
[Figure 1]
[Figure 2]
1 kHz, -90 dB sine waves (CD playback)
Conventional system AL24 Processing
Compared by impulse response (24-bit, 96 kHZ)
Conventional system AL24 Processing
[Figure 3]
Playback sine waves with attack sounds
Conventional system AL24 Processing

15
Specifications
Super Audio CD CD
Signal System 1bit DSD 16bit, Linear PCM
Sampling frequency range 2.822MHz 44.1kHz
Analog Output
- Channels 2 Channels 2 Channels
- Frequency response 2 Hz - 50 kHz (-3dB) 2 Hz - 20 kHz (-3dB)
- Signal-to-Noise ratio 117 dB (audible band) 120dB
- Dynamic range 110 dB (audible band) 100dB
- Total Harmonic Distortion 0.0005% (1kHz, audible band) 0.0015% (1kHz)
- Wow & Flutter Below measurable limit: (± 0.001 % W. peak) Below measurable limit: (± 0.001 % W. peak)
- Output Voltage: UNBALANCED 2.0V (10kΩ) 2.0V (10kΩ)
: BALANCED 2.0V (10kΩ) 2.0V (10kΩ)
Digital Output
- COAXIAL - 0.5Vp-p/75Ω
- OPTICAL - -15 - -21dbm
- Emission wavelength - 660nm
Digital Input
- Format DIGITAL AUDIO INTERFACE
- COAXIAL 0.5Vp-p/75Ω
- OPTICAL above -27dBm
660nm
General
Power consumption 35 W
Dimensions W434 x H150 x D410 mm
Weight 21.8 kg
Remote (RC-997) W44 x H233 x D22 mm/ 165g(incl. batteries)

52190405B 
UK
DENON UK Limited
Chiltern Hill, Chalfont St. Peter,
Bucks, SL9 9UG, United Kingdom
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
DENON BRAND COMPANY
Kayabacho Tower 14F,
1-21-2 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku,
Tokyo 104-0033, Japan
www.denon.com
*Design and specifications are the subject to change without notice.
*Super Audio CD is a registered trademark of Sony and Philips.