Emerson Copeland Scroll YHV 2P Series Instruction Manual

Copeland Scroll™
Variable Speed Compressors
YHV0182P* to YHV0382P*
Application Guidelines

AGL_HP_VS_YHV2P_E_Rev0
About these guidelines ................................................................................................ 1
1Safety instructions............................................................................................ 1
1.1 Icon explanation.................................................................................................................1
1.2 Safety statements ..............................................................................................................2
1.3 General instructions...........................................................................................................2
2Product description .......................................................................................... 3
2.1 General information about Copeland Scroll™ compressors .............................................3
2.2 Variable speed advantages ...............................................................................................4
2.3 Compressor and drive nomenclature.................................................................................5
2.4 Application considerations.................................................................................................5
2.4.1 Qualified refrigerant and oil....................................................................................5
2.4.2 Admissible temperature and relative humidity ranges ...........................................6
2.4.3 Application limits & operating envelopes................................................................6
2.4.4 Discharge line temperature control mode............................................................10
2.4.5 Design features ....................................................................................................10
2.4.6 Oil recovery ..........................................................................................................10
2.5 Dimensions ......................................................................................................................11
3Installation....................................................................................................... 12
3.1 Compressor and drive handling.......................................................................................12
3.1.1 Compressor transport and storage ......................................................................12
3.1.2 Compressor positioning and securing..................................................................12
3.1.3 Installation location...............................................................................................12
3.1.4 Compressor mounting parts.................................................................................13
3.2 Compressor brazing procedure .......................................................................................13
3.3 Suction line accumulators................................................................................................14
3.4 Filter screens ...................................................................................................................15
3.5 Mufflers ............................................................................................................................15
3.6 Sound shell ......................................................................................................................15
3.7 Insulation material............................................................................................................15
3.8 Reversing valves..............................................................................................................15
3.9 Sound and vibration.........................................................................................................16
4Electrical connection...................................................................................... 17
4.1 General recommendations...............................................................................................17
4.2 Electrical installation ........................................................................................................17
4.3 Wiring diagrams...............................................................................................................19
4.3.1 Motor windings .....................................................................................................21
4.3.2 Protection devices................................................................................................21
4.3.3 Crankcase heating function..................................................................................21
4.4 Pressure protection devices ............................................................................................21
4.4.1 High-pressure protection......................................................................................21

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4.4.2 Low-pressure protection.......................................................................................22
4.5 Discharge gas temperature protection.............................................................................22
4.6 High-potential testing.......................................................................................................23
5Start-up & operation........................................................................................ 24
5.1 Strength pressure test......................................................................................................24
5.1.1 Compressor strength-pressure test......................................................................24
5.1.2 System strength-pressure test .............................................................................24
5.2 Compressor tightness test...............................................................................................24
5.3 Preliminary checks –Pre-starting....................................................................................25
5.4 Charging procedure .........................................................................................................25
5.5 Run-in time.......................................................................................................................25
5.6 Initial start-up ...................................................................................................................26
5.7 Start-and-stop routine......................................................................................................26
5.8 Starting sound..................................................................................................................26
5.9 Deep vacuum operation...................................................................................................26
5.10 Shell temperature.............................................................................................................26
5.11 Pump-down cycle.............................................................................................................26
5.12 Refrigerant floodback and oil dilution...............................................................................27
5.13 Minimum run time ............................................................................................................27
5.14 Oil level ............................................................................................................................28
6Maintenance & repair...................................................................................... 29
6.1 Qualification of workers....................................................................................................29
6.2 Preparation and working procedure.................................................................................30
6.3 Disassembling system components ................................................................................30
6.4 Provisions of legislation and leak check requirements....................................................30
6.5 Exchanging the refrigerant...............................................................................................31
6.6 Replacing a compressor..................................................................................................31
6.6.1 Compressor replacement.....................................................................................31
6.6.2 Start-up of a new or replacement compressor.....................................................31
6.6.3 Compressor return procedure..............................................................................32
6.7 Lubrication and oil removal..............................................................................................32
6.8 Oil additives .....................................................................................................................33
7Troubleshooting.............................................................................................. 34
8Dismantling & disposal................................................................................... 37
9Reference list of related technical information............................................. 37
DISCLAIMER ............................................................................................................... 37

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About these guidelines
The purpose of these guidelines is to provide guidance in the application of Copeland Scroll™
compressors and Emerson motor control drives in users’ systems. They are intended to answer the
questions raised while designing, assembling and operating a system with these products.
Besides the support they provide, the instructions listed herein are also critical for the proper and
safe functioning of the compressors and motor control drives. The performance and reliability of the
product may be impacted if the product is not used according to these guidelines or misused.
These application guidelines cover stationary applications only. For mobile applications, please
contact the Application Engineering department at Emerson as other considerations may apply.
1 Safety instructions
Copeland Scroll compressors and Emerson motor control drives are manufactured according to the
latest relevant European safety standards. Particular emphasis has been placed on the user’s safety.
The YHV*2P compressors and drives are intended for installation in systems in accordance with the
European Machinery directive MD 2006/42/EC, the Pressure Equipment Directive PED 2014/68/EU,
the Low Voltage Directive LVD 2014/35/EU and the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive
EMC 2014/30/EU. They may be put to service only if they have been installed in systems according
to instructions and conform to the corresponding provisions of legislation. For relevant standards
please refer to the Manufacturer’s Declaration, available at www.climate.emerson.com/en-gb.
NOTE: Emerson marks all A2L scroll compressors with a sticker for flammable refrigerants.
Systems using such refrigerants must comply with applicable legislation and regulations
such as but not limited to EN378. It remains the user’s responsibility to select products
compliant with legislation and regulations applicable for its application.
The Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for individual A2L refrigerants shall be checked and
considered when working with such refrigerants. The MSDS is provided by the gas supplier.
These instructions shall be retained throughout the lifetime of the compressor and the drive.
You are strongly advised to follow these safety instructions.
1.1 Icon explanation
WARNING
This icon indicates instructions to avoid
personal injury and material damage.
Danger of fire
This icon indicates a risk of flammable
atmosphere
High voltage
This icon indicates operations with a
danger of electric shock.
CAUTION
This icon indicates instructions to avoid
property damage and possible personal
injury.
Danger of burning or frostbite
This icon indicates operations with a
danger of burning or frostbite.
IMPORTANT
This icon indicates instructions to avoid
malfunction of the compressor.
Explosion hazard
This icon indicates operations with a
danger of explosion.
NOTE
This word indicates a recommendation
for easier operation.
Danger of explosive atmosphere
This icon indicates a risk of explosive
atmosphere.

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1.2 Safety statements
▪Refrigerant compressors must be employed only for their intended use. The system
has to be labelled according to the applicable standards and legislation.
▪Only qualified and authorized RACHP personnel are permitted to install commission
and maintain this equipment. Only competent personnel (as specified in EN 13313)
qualified for flammable refrigerant handling is permitted to commission, initiate and
maintain the compressor/refrigeration systems; non-trained personnel, including the
user, are not allowed to do so and must call on an expert.
▪The maximum refrigerant charge is specified in standards such as, but not limited to
EN 378, EN 60335-2-40 and EN 60335-2-89. The system designer shall implement all
safety measures defined by the applicable standards and not exceed the maximum
refrigerant charge.
▪If a flammable atmosphere is detected, immediately take all necessary precautions to
mitigate the risk as determined in the risk assessment.
▪Electrical connections must be made by qualified electrical personnel.
▪All valid standards for connecting electrical and refrigeration equipment must be
observed.
▪The national legislation and regulations regarding personnel protection must be
observed.
Use personal safety equipment. Safety goggles, gloves,
protective clothing, safety boots and hard hats should be worn
where necessary.
1.3 General instructions
WARNING
Pressurized system! Serious personal injuries and/or system
breakdown! Accidental system start before complete set-up must be avoided.
Never leave the system unattended without locking it out electrically when it is
on vacuum and has no refrigerant charge, when it has a holding charge of
nitrogen, or when the compressor service valves are closed.
WARNING
System breakdown! Personal injuries! Only approved refrigerants and
refrigeration oils must be used.
WARNING
High shell temperature! Burning! Do not touch the compressor until it has
cooled down. Ensure that other materials in the area of the compressor do not
get in touch with it. Lock and mark accessible sections.
CAUTION
Overheating! Bearing damage! Do not operate compressor without
refrigerant charge or without it being connected to the system.
CAUTION
Contact with POE! Material damage! POE lubricant must be handled
carefully and the proper protective equipment (gloves, eye protection, etc.)
must be used at all times. POE must not come into contact with any surface
or material that it might damage, including without limitation, certain polymers,
eg, PVC/CPVC and polycarbonate.
IMPORTANT
Transit damage! Compressor malfunction! Use original packaging. Avoid
collisions and tilting.

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2 Product description
2.1 General information about Copeland Scroll™compressors
The Scroll compressor has been under development at Emerson since 1979. It is the most efficient
and durable compressor Emerson has ever developed for air conditioning, refrigeration and heating
applications.
These application guidelines deal with the YHV*2P variable speed Copeland Scroll
compressors for use with R452B and R454B. These compressors have a speed range of 1200 to
7200 revolutions per minute, corresponding to 20 up to 120 Hz. They are intended for use either in
air-source or geothermal residential heat pump applications. They feature a three-phase brushless
permanent magnet (BPM) motor which is controlled by an Emerson ED3 motor control drive, referred
to as the "ED3 drive" or "drive" throughout these guidelines.
Compressor
Heating capacity for R452B/ R454B [kW]
2400 rpm
3000 rpm
4500 rpm
5400rpm
YHV0182P
3.3/ 3.2
4.2/ 4.1
6.4/ 6.2
7.7/ 7.5
YHV0252P
4.6/ 4.4
5.7/ 5.4
8.7/ 8.3
10.5/ 10.1
YHV0382P
6.8/ 6.6
8.6/ 8.3
13.1/ 12.8
15.8/ 15.4
Table 1: Heating capacity in kW at below conditions
Conditions:
Evaporating dew temperature .....-7 °C Condensing dew temperature .. 50 °C
Suction gas superheat.................5 K Condenser sub-cooling............. 5 K
Ambient temperature...................35 °C
NOTE: R452B and R454B are classified as A2L (mildly flammable) refrigerants.
NOTE: The drive ED3 is not covered in detail in this document, for more information on the
motor control drive please refer to the ED3 User Manual (June 2019 version).
Figure 1: ED3 drive and YHV*2P compressor
The YHV*2P compressors with protection code "E" are sold as matched pairs with the ED3 drive,
designed in accordance with EN 60335-1, as listed in Table 2. The motor protection is implemented
in the ED3 drive.
The matched pairs have been designed for maximum efficiency and reliability. The drive will power
the compressor, control the compressor running speed, provide compressor and drive protection and
communicate with the master controller in ModBus RTU protocol. The drive requires cooling and is
typically installed in the unit near the compressor. To optimize drive efficiency and to limit
electromagnetic interferences, external chokes must be connected to the single-phase and three-
phase drives.

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Compressor
Drive
Drive power
supply
Package code
ED3 Modbus [318]
# OneEmerson [205]
YHV0252P-9E9
ED3018B/BU
3~/ 400V/ 50Hz
6
YHV0252P-9E9
ED3015A/AU
1~/ 230V/ 50Hz
10
YHV0182P-9E9
ED3015A/AU
1~/ 230V/ 50Hz
11
YHV0252P-9E9
ED3020A/AU
1~/ 230V/ 50Hz
12
YHV0182P-9E9
ED3013B/BU
3~/ 400V/ 50Hz
17
YHV0382P-9E9
ED3020A/AU
1~/ 230V/ 50Hz
22
YHV0382P-4E9
ED3022B
3~/ 400V/ 50Hz
28
Table 2: Matched pairs ED3 with YHV*2P
The YHV*2P compressors with protection code "X" (see chapter 2.3) listed in Table 3 are sold as
unprotected compressors. They are dedicated for use with a third-party drive. The motor protection
is under the responsibility of the system manufacturer/installer.
Compressor
YHV0182P-9X9
YHV0252P-9X9
YHV0382P-4X9
YHV0382P-9X9
Table 3: Unprotected YHV*2P compressors
A third-party control system must include discharge temperature protection, current overload
protection, and a soft start and stopping routine. Stator heat control is also recommendedfor optimal
performance and reliability. It should also include the operating map parameters. Contact the
Application Engineering department at Emerson for compressor motor specifications and speed
adjustment requirements.
It is important to ensure correct wiring at both the compressor and drive connections prior to
starting the compressor to avoid miswiring or powered reverse situation. Both situations could
potentially cause compressor damage.
NOTE: For the latest list of matched pairs ED3 with YHV*2P please refer to the ED3 User
Manual (June 2019 version) or contact the Application Engineering department at Emerson.
2.2 Variable speed advantages
The variable speed scroll is a key component in the variable capacity system. A variable capacity
system will use less electrical energy by minimizing on-off cyclical losses, maximizing heat
exchanger efficiency by operating at part load during a majority of the total operating hours, and by
operating with reduced airflow rates and blower power.
The variable speed scroll and drive are suitable for a variety of "best-in-class" applications. Both may
be used in other types of applications provided that the envelope and other operating restrictions are
met. The primary benefit of this product is to substantially reduce electrical energy consumption and
associated expenses.
Additionally, a variable speed scroll offers the capability of controlling space and domestic hot water
temperature to ranges exceeding simple on-off control, improving overall comfort levels inside the
building. The onboard electronics embedded in the drive greatly reduce the possibility of operation
outside the designed parameters which in turn increases overall system reliability.

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Figure 2: Variable speed solution to follow the building heat demand
2.3 Compressor and drive nomenclature
The compressor and drive model designation contains the following technical information:
Figure 3: Compressor nomenclature
2.4 Application considerations
2.4.1 Qualified refrigerant and oil
Oil recharge values can be taken from Copeland Scroll compressors brochures or Copeland™brand
products Select software available at www.climate.emerson.com/en-gb.
Compressors
YHV0182P, YHV0252P, YHV0382P
Qualified refrigerant
R452B and R454B
Copeland brand
products standard oil
Emkarate RL 32 3MAF
Table 4: Qualified refrigerant and oil

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2.4.2 Admissible temperature and relative humidity ranges
The Scroll compressor must comply with the ambient temperature and humidity ranges specified in
Table 5 below, both for storage and in operation.
Compressor
model
Min / max relative humidity
Min / max ambient temperatures
in storage or at standstill
in operation
YHV*2P
30 / 95%
No condensing
-35 °C / 50 °C
-35 °C / 60 °C
Table 5: Acceptable ambient temperature and humidity ranges for the compressor
Compressor
PS
High-pressure side
PS
Low-pressure side
TS
Low-Pressure side
PED
category
YHV*2P
49 bar(g)
28 bar(g)
-35 °C
2
Table 6: Maximum allowable pressure
2.4.3 Application limits & operating envelopes
CAUTION
Inadequate lubrication! Compressor breakdown! Copeland Scroll
compressors are qualified for operation inside the envelope published by
Emerson. The envelope is defined according to Emerson’s testing and
experience. Operating a compressor outside the envelope might lead to
compressor failure which would be the heat pump manufacturer’s
responsibility. The superheat at the compressor suction inlet must always be
sufficient to ensure that no refrigerant droplets enter the compressor. For a
typical evaporator-expansion valve configuration a minimum stable superheat
of at least 5 K is required. In the same way, the superheat at the compressor
suction must always stay below a maximum limit specified by Emerson,
depending on the model and for which the operating envelope is defined.
YHV*2P compressors operating envelopes depend on the running speed. The envelope limitations
are mainly related to lubrication and power limitation.
The lower right boundary of the operating envelope is the minimum compression ratio required to keep
the scrolls loaded. Operation below this boundary could result in the compressor intermittently
loading and unloading and noisy operation.
The upper left boundary of the envelope represents the maximum compression ratio.If the operating
condition approaches this boundary the compressor discharge temperature will begin to approach
the maximum scroll temperature allowed by the discharge line temperature sensor –see details in
chapter 4.5 "Discharge gas temperature protection". The temperature sensor must signal the drive or
system unitcontroller toshut down if the discharge line temperature exceeds the specified temperature
on the operating envelope.
For DLT-control mode with YHV*2P compressors in the upper left boundary of the envelope, please
also refer to chapter 2.4.4 "Discharge line temperature control mode".

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Figure 4: Application envelope for YHV0182P-9E9 using R452B and R454B
Figure 5: Application envelope for YHV0252P-9E9 using R452B and R454B

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Legend
YHV0382P-4X9 No drive limitation
(rpm)
YHV0382P-4X9 + ED3018B
(rpm)
1200
1200
1800
1800
2400-5400
2400-4500
2400-7200
Linear interpolation
Linear interpolation
2400-5400
Linear interpolation
2400-7200
Figure 6: Application envelope and legend for YHV0382P-4E9 using R452B and R454B
Legend
YHV0382P-9X9 No drive limitation
(rpm)
YHV0382P-9X9 + ED3020A
(rpm)
1200-5400
1200-3600
1800-5400
1800-3600
2400-5400
2400-3600
2400-7200
2400-4500
Not shown
2400-7200
Figure 7: Application envelope and legend for YHV0382P-9X9 using R452B and R454B

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NOTE: For matched pairs with smaller drives, please check the application envelopes in
Copeland™brand products Select software at www.climate.emerson.com/en-gb.
Please note the following about operating envelopes:
▪Before compressor start with the matched pair of YHV*2P and ED3, the pressure difference in
the system has to be below 10 bar. If the pressure difference is reduced by opening the
expansion valve, care must be taken to avoid liquid flood back to the compressor –also see
chapter 3.3 "Accumulators" and Figure 16.
▪An oil return test for the system must be performed. If required, the system design should be
improved to ensure sufficient oil return from the system to the compressor –also see chapter
5.14 "Oil level".
▪At start-up the system should be able to bring the compressor to a point inside the envelope as
fast as possible and to keep the compressor running there. Running outside the envelope is not
allowed. Emerson’s recommendation is to start with a speed of 3000 rpm and to freeze the
speed for minimum 30 seconds or longer until the system is in stable operation –see Figure 8
"Ramp up".
▪Running/oscillating the compressor in and out of the envelope borders is not allowed and should
be avoided.
▪Running the compressor below the envelope at low condensing temperatures is possible for no
longer than 30 minutes but the user must be aware that unloading noise from the compressor
can occur. In this area the speed limits according to the evaporating temperatures in the
envelope should be respected.
▪The qualified application envelopes will change with the compressor speed. At all operating
conditions the minimum and maximum speed limits according to Figures 4 to 7 have to be
respected. With changing operating conditions the speed limits have to be determined by linear
interpolation between the limits given in Figures 4 to 7 –also see speed limits animation in
Select software available at www.climate.emerson.com/en-gb.
▪Fast speed changes can cause instable control, eg, on the superheat control. Per Emerson
experience speed changes should be in the range of 10 to 60 rpm/s depending on the system
reaction.
▪The user should adequately take care of controlling the envelope.
▪To stop the compressor, reduce the speed to 3000 rpm then stop the compressor –see Figure 8
"Controlled shutdown".
Figure 8: Ramp-up and controlled shutdown
NOTE: Before first start, each drive has to be configured according to the compressor model.
NOTE: The ED3 drive overload protection aims at protecting the drive and the compressor. It
cannot be used in the system as an operating envelope limitation. For more details on the
overload protection refer to the ED3 User Manual (June 2019 version).
rpm
0
3000
Speedcontrol Controlled
shutdown
rpm
0
3000
Ramp up Speed control
720
Min 30s
Hold
ED3 System Controller

10 AGL_HP_VS_YHV2P_E_Rev0
2.4.4 Discharge line temperature control mode
In the lower part of the envelope (Control Suction Superheat) shown below the suction gas at the
compressor inlet has to be superheated without liquid droplets. For superheat requirements please
also refer to chapter 2.4.3 "Application limits & operating envelopes".
Figure 9: Schematics of expansion valve control mode
In the upper part of the envelope (DLT Control) with operation at low evaporating and high
condensing with superheat control mode, the discharge temperature will exceed the limit of 125 °C
inside the application envelope –also see chapter 3.3 "Suction line accumulators". In this area, the
expansion valve of the evaporator is to be controlled not by superheat but by the discharge line
temperature so that some liquid droplets return to the compressor to cool it down. The discharge line
temperature DLT must be controlled to stay between minimum 115 °C and maximum 125 °C.
The move from superheat control to DLT control is demand-driven by the discharge line temperature.
In the transition phase DLT control and superheat control have to be balanced by the system
controller. The superheat at compressor inlet should be reduced gradually to 0 K. As the demand to
move to DLT control depends, eg, on system design such as compressor insulation and ambient
temperature, there is no specified line at which this will happen.
2.4.5 Design features
The variable speed scroll YHV*2P has a number of design features that improve efficiency and
reliability.
All the YVH* models are equipped with a positive displacement oil pump to ensure an adequate
supply of oil to the bearing system throughout the operating speed range.
The motor in the variable speed scroll is a three-phase, brushless permanent magnet (BPM) design
coupled with a rotor embedded with high energy magnets. The input voltage is a series of +DC pulses,
spaced in time to create an alternating current frequency.
2.4.6 Oil recovery
For oil return the exact parameters for an oil recovery cycle need to be evaluated for each system by
oil return tests, as they may differ depending on system application. Please contact and review with
Application Engineering at Emerson for any desired changes to this oil recoverycycle requirements.

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2.5 Dimensions
The external dimensions of YHV*2P compressors are shown in Figures 10 & 11 below.
Figure 10: External dimensions of compressor models YHV0182P and YHV0252P
Figure 11: External dimensions of compressors YHV0382P

12 AGL_HP_VS_YHV2P_E_Rev0
3 Installation
WARNING
High pressure! Injury to skin and eyes possible! Be careful when opening
connections on a pressurized item.
3.1 Compressor and drive handling
WARNING
Static electricity! Personal injuries! Personnel handling the drives in a
manufacturing plant environment should guard against static electricity by
using the appropriate equipment - antistatic wrist straps and mats.
3.1.1 Compressor transport and storage
WARNING
Risk of collapse! Personal injuries! Move compressors only with
appropriate mechanical or handling equipment according to weight. Keep in
the upright position. Respect stacking loads according to Figure 12. Check
the tilting stability and if needed take action to ensure the stability of the
stacked loads. Keep the packaging dry at all times.
Respect the maximum number of identical packages which may be stacked on one
another, where "n" is the limiting number:
▪Transport: n = 1
▪Storage: n = 2
Figure 12: Maximum stacking loads for transport and storage
The compressor tilt angle should not be more than 30° during transport and handling. This will
prevent oil from exiting through the suction stub. A tilt angle of maximum 45° is allowed for a very
short time. Tilting the compressor more than 45° might affect its lubrication at start-up.
3.1.2 Compressor positioning and securing
IMPORTANT
Handling damage! Compressor malfunction! Only use the lifting eyes
whenever the compressor requires positioning. Using discharge or suction
connections for lifting may cause damage or leaks.
The compressor should be kept vertical during handling.
The discharge connection plug should be removed first before pulling the suction connection plug to
allow the dry air pressure inside the compressor to escape. Pulling the plugs in this sequence
prevents oil mist from coating the suction tube making brazing difficult. The copper-coated steel
suction tube should be cleaned before brazing.
The compressor plugs must be removed as late as possible before brazing so that the air humidity
does not affect the oil characteristics.
As oil might spill out of the suction connection located low on the shell, the suction connection plug
must be left in place until the compressor is set into the unit.
No object, e.g., a swaging tool should be inserted deeper than 51 mm into the suction tube as it might
damage the suction screen and motor.
3.1.3 Installation location
Ensure the compressors are installed on a solid level base. For single compressor applications, the
compressor tilt angle during operation should not exceed 15° to allow adequate lubrication. For
multiple compressor parallel configurations, the compressors must be positioned completely
vertically on a totally horizontal surface or rail.

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3.1.4 Compressor mounting parts
The compressors are designed to be mounted on vibration absorber grommets (part of the standard
delivery). The grommets dampen the start-up surge of the compressor and minimise sound and
vibration transmission to the compressor base during operation. The metal sleeve inside is a guide
designed to hold the grommet in place. It is not designed as a load-bearing member, and application
of excessive torque to the bolts can crush the sleeve. Its inner diameter is approximately 8.5 mm to
suit a M8 screw. The mounting torque should be 13 ± 1 Nm. It is critically important that the grommet
is not compressed.
Mounting parts YHV*2P –Soft mountings
Figure 13: Rubber mounting part with sleeve
3.2 Compressor brazing procedure
WARNING
Air/flammable refrigerant mixture! Creation of a potentially flammable
atmosphere! Fire hazard! Remove all refrigerant before opening the system.
When working on a refrigerant-filled system, make sure to follow the safety
and working instructions given in the Chapter 6 "Maintenance & repair".
WARNING
High temperature! Burning! Proceed with caution when brazing system
components. Do not touch the compressor until it has cooled down. Ensure
that other materials in the area of the compressor do not make contact.
IMPORTANT
Blockage! Compressor breakdown! Maintain a flow of oxygen-free nitrogen
through the system at very low-pressure during brazing. Nitrogen displaces
the air and prevents the formation of copper oxides in the system. If allowed
to form, the copper oxide material can later be swept through the system and
block screens such as those protecting capillary tubes, thermal expansion
valves, and accumulator oil return holes.
Contamination or moisture! Bearing failure! Do not remove the plugs until
the compressor is set into the unit. This minimises any entry of contaminants
and moisture.
Copeland Scroll compressors have copper-plated steel suction
and discharge. These tubes are far more robust and less prone
to leaks than copper tubes. Due to the different thermal
properties of steel and copper, brazing procedures may have to
be changed from those commonly used.
Refer to Figure 14 and procedure below for the brazing of the
suction, discharge and injection lines to a Scroll compressor.
▪For systems with A2L refrigerants, it is mandatory to flush oxygen-free nitrogen through the
piping during the brazing process.
▪The copper-coated steel tubes on scroll compressors can be brazed in approximately the same
manner as any copper tube.
▪Recommended brazing materials: any silfos material is recommended, preferably with a
minimum of 5% silver. However, 0% silver is acceptable.
▪Be sure tube fitting inner diameter and tube outer diameter are clean prior to assembly.
▪Using a double-tipped torch, apply heat in area 1.
▪As the tube approaches brazing temperature, move the torch flame to area 2.
Figure 14: : Brazing areas

14 AGL_HP_VS_YHV2P_E_Rev0
▪Heat area 2 until braze temperature is attained, moving the torch up and down and rotating
around the tube as necessary to heat the tube evenly. Add braze material to the joint while
moving the torch around the joint to flow braze material around the circumference.
▪After the braze material flows around the joint, move the torch to heat area 3. This will draw the
braze material down into the joint. The time spent heating area 3 should be minimal.
▪As with any brazed joint, overheating may be detrimental to the final result.
NOTE: Since the discharge stub contains a check valve, care must be taken not to overheat
it to prevent brazing material from flowing into it.
NOTE: YHV*2P compressors include a suction funnel to guide the suction gas internally
directly to the scrolls. Since the funnel is made of plastic, a wet rag or any other suitable heat
protection must be used when brazing the suction line to the compressor.
Figure 15: Suction funnel (purple part) in YHV*2P compressors
3.3 Suction line accumulators
CAUTION
Inadequate lubrication! Bearing and moving parts destruction! Avoid
liquid refrigerant returning to the compressor. Liquid refrigerant dilutes the
oil, could wash the oil off the bearings, moving parts and could lead to
overheating and compressor failure.
Application of A2L refrigerants could have an impact on the PED classification (pressure equipment
directive 2014/68/EU). Select and determine the correct PED classification of refrigeration
components, such as suction accumulators.
Irrespective of system charge, oil dilution may occur if large amounts of liquid refrigerant repeatedly
flood back to the compressor during, e.g.:
▪normal off cycles
▪defrost
▪varying loads
Due to Copeland Scrolls inherent ability to handle liquid refrigerant in flooded start and defrost cycle
operation, an accumulator is not required for durability in most systems. However, large volumes of
liquid refrigerant repeatedly flooding back to the compressor during normal off cycles, or excessive
liquid refrigerant flooding back during defrost or varying loads can dilute the oil, no matter what the
system charge is. As a result, bearings and moving parts will be inadequately lubricated and wear
may occur.
To determine if the accumulator can be removed, dedicated tests must be carried out to ensure that
excessive liquid does not flood back to the compressor during defrost or varying loads. The defrost
test must be done at an outdoor ambient temperature of around 0 °C in a high relative humidity
environment. Liquid flood back must be monitored during reversing valve operation, especially when
coming out of defrost. Excessive flood back occurs when the sump temperature drops below the safe
operation line shown in the oil dilution chart, see Chapter 5.13.
If an accumulator is used, the oil-return orifice should be from 1 to 1.4 mm in diameter for all YHV*2P
models depending on compressor size and compressor flood-back results. To protect this small
orifice from plugging with system debris a large-area protective screen no finer than 30 x 30 mesh
(0.6 mm openings) is required. Tests have shown that a small screen with a fine mesh can easily

AGL_HP_VS_YHV2P_E_Rev0 15
become plugged causing oil starvation to the compressor bearings. The size of the accumulator
depends upon the operating range of the system and the amount of sub-cooling and subsequent
head pressure allowed by the refrigerant control. System modelling indicates that systems operating
down to and below -18 °C will require an accumulator that can hold around 70% to 75% of the system.
3.4 Filter screens
CAUTION
Screen blocking! Compressor breakdown! Use screens with at least
0.6 mm openings.
The use of screens finer than 30 x 30 meshes (0.6 mm openings) anywhere in the system should be
avoided with these compressors. Field experience has shown that finer mesh screens used to protect
thermal expansion valves, capillary tubes or accumulators can become temporarily or permanently
plugged with normal system debris and block the flow of either oil or refrigerant to the compressor.
Such blockage can result in compressor failure.
3.5 Mufflers
Gas flow through scroll compressors is continuous with relatively low pulsation. External mufflers
may not be required on Copeland Scroll compressors. Due to system variability, individual tests
should be conducted by the system manufacturer to verify acceptable levels of sound and vibration.
If adequate attenuation is not achieved, use a muffler with a larger cross-sectional area to inlet area
ratio. A ratio of 20:1 to 30:1 is recommended.
A hollow shell muffler will work quite well. Locate the muffler at minimum 15 to maximum 45 cm from
the compressor for the most effective operation. The further the muffler is placed from the
compressor within these ranges, the more effective. Choose a muffler with a length of 10 to
15 cm.
3.6 Sound shell
No sound shell attenuation for YHV*2P compressors is available from Emerson at this time. If a
sound shell is still needed, particular attention shall be paid to the electrostatic charge of the
insulation material, which could be a potential ignition source.
3.7 Insulation material
Insulation material is typically used in a system to insulate the suction line, suction accumulator,
expansion valve bulb or discharge line thermostat. When choosing the insulation material, particular
attention shall be paid to its electrostatic charge, which could be a potential ignition source.
3.8 Reversing valves
A variable speed scroll brings a significant benefit during the defrost cycle. By taking advantage of
the higher speeds and flow rates, the defrost time will typically be shorter than in a fixed-speed
compressor system, which will reduce the time electric resistance heat is used during the defrost
cycle.
Reversing valve sizing must be within the guidelines of the valve manufacturer. Required pressure
drop to ensure valve shifting must be measured throughout the operating range of the unit and
compared to the valve manufacturer’s data. Conditions that generate low flow rates and low pressure
drop across the valve can result in a valve not shifting.
This can result in a condition where the compressor appears to be not pumping, i.e. balanced
pressure. It can also produce elevated compressor sound levels. During a defrost cycle, when the
reversing valve abruptly changes the refrigerant flow direction, the suction and discharge pressures
will go outside of the operating envelope. The condition will usually cross the diagonal line
representing the lower right-hand side corner of the envelope. The sound that the compressor makes
during this transition period is normal, and the duration of the sound will depend on the coil volume,
outdoor ambient and system charge.
Since Copeland Scroll compressors have a very high volumetric efficiency their displacements are
lower than those of equivalent capacity reciprocating compressors. As a result, Emerson
recommends that the capacity rating on reversing valves be no more than 1.5 to 2 times the nominal

16 AGL_HP_VS_YHV2P_E_Rev0
capacity of the compressor in order to ensure proper operation of the reversing valve under all
operating conditions.
The reversing solenoid valve should be wired so that the valve does not reverse when the system is
shut off by the system controller in the heating or cooling mode. If the valve is allowed to reverse at
system shut off, suction and discharge pressures are reversed to the compressor. This results in a
condition of system pressures equalizing through the compressor which can cause the compressor
to slowly rotate until the pressures equalizes. This condition does not affect compressor durability
but can cause unexpected sound after the compressor is turned off.
The preferred method of mitigating defrost sound for the variable speed scroll is to signal the drive
to go to low speed when a defrost signal is received from the system. When low speed is reached,
the reversing valve is signalled to change positions. The system should be allowed to operate for 30
to 60 seconds at low speed for the suction and discharge pressures to stabilize. After 30 to 60
seconds the compressor speed should be increased to some predetermined speed based on the
outdoor ambient temperature. The routine at the end of the defrost cycle should be similar. The above
method is a suggestion and the system design engineer should develop the routine that best
mitigates compressor sound during defrost while ensuring a defrost cycle that is as short as possible.
3.9 Sound and vibration
WARNING
Vibration! Creation of flammable atmosphere! Carefully check the system
for vibrations.
When connecting a Scroll compressor to a system, care must be taken to ensure that the piping is
properly designed.
A scroll compressor makes both a rocking and twisting motion
and enough flexibility must be provided in the pipe-lines to
allow starting, stopping and steady state running of the
compressor without transmitting excessive stress into any
line attached to the unit. In a split system, the most important
goal is to ensure minimal vibration in all directions to avoid
transmitting vibrations to the structure to which the lines are
fastened.
Under some conditions, the Copeland Scroll has a normal
starting rotational motion that can transmit a transient noise
along the lines. This may be particularly pronounced in
compressors using a three-phase motor due to their
inherently higher starting torque. This phenomenon, like the
one described previously, can easily be avoided by using
standard line isolation techniques.
Since the variable speed scroll has a broad running frequency range (15-120 Hz), it is almost
impossible to avoid all of the natural frequencies that may exist in the system piping. The system
designer must carefully evaluate these resonant frequency conditions and either a) avoid them by
not allowing the compressor speed to align with the resonant frequency, or b) evaluate the risk and
life of the piping system when the compressor is allowed to run at frequencies that are coincident
with the natural frequencies of the piping system. If option "b" is chosen, strain gauging of the system
piping is required.
The sound level of a system is the result of design, quality and application. Scroll compressors sound
power levels generally increase with the compressor model capacity and the condition pressure ratio.
For variable speed scroll compressors, they also and mainly increase with the compressor speed.
Figure 16: flexible tube design

AGL_HP_VS_YHV2P_E_Rev0 17
4 Electrical connection
4.1 General recommendations
WARNING
High voltage! Electrical shock hazard! Serious personal injuries! The
compressor must always have the ground wire attached to the compressor
terminal fence. The other end of the ground wire must be connected to the
appropriate ground terminal on the drive. Refer to original equipment wiring
diagrams. Electrical connections must be made by qualified electrical
personnel.
CAUTION
High voltage! Drive damage! The unit contactor must be installed upstream
of the drive, i.e., not between the drive and the compressor. Major faults and
irreversible damage to the drive could occur if the drive output is open-circuit
while the compressor is running.
Before connecting the drive to the power network, make sure that all the cables to and from the drive
and to the compressor are correctly connected and that the supply voltage, phases and frequency
match the drive nameplate data.
For safety reasons, Emerson recommends that the electrical installation be executed in compliance
with standard EN 60204-1 and/or other standards and regulations of application when dealing with
A2L refrigerants.
The compressor mounting area must be in Zone 2 or outside of any ATEX zone and in line with the
requirements of "Pollution Degree 3" classification.
NOTE: For recommendations specific to the ED3 drive please refer to the ED3 User Manual
(June 2019 version).
4.2 Electrical installation
WARNING
Conductor cables! Electrical shock hazard! Shut off power supply before
undertaking any task on electrical equipment.
WARNING
Ignition source in a potentially flammable atmosphere! Fire hazard! Any
work on the energized terminals in the compressor terminal box could create
an ignition. Do not touch the energized terminals with a tool or cable when the
compressor is energized.
Compressors operating with flammable refrigerants shall use only the qualified
terminal box supplied with the compressor.
Mechanical stress or shock! Overheating! Terminal Fusite damage and
leakage! Mechanical stress and shocks to the Fusite must be avoided as they
could damage the glass and/or ceramic. This might result in hermetic failure
or loss of terminal performance. Precautions are required to prevent striking
or bending of pins. Bent or damaged pins may result in loss of hermeticity
and/or terminal performance.
Ensure correct connection of cables to the compressor terminal Fusite to avoid
local overheating of Fusite pins which might lead to refrigerant leaks.
The terminal box rating is IP21. The compressor has to be protected by a cover which can only be
opened with a tool.
Special attention shall be paid to the electrical connections owing to possible local overheating.
Scroll compressors, like several other types of compressors, will only compress in one rotational
direction. The rotation direction of the variable speed scroll compressors depends on the order of the
phases between compressor and drive, and not on the order of the phases between power supply
and drive. Since there is a 50-50 chance of connecting compressor and drive in such a way as to
cause rotation in the reverse direction, it is important to include notices and instructions in
appropriate locations on the equipment to ensure proper rotation direction when the system
is installed and operated.