Equinox Systems Flash 8051 User manual

Combined Serial and Parallel
Programming Systems for
Atmel 8051 Microcontrollers
EQ-8051-ST1
GETTING
STARTED
(Preliminary Manual)

8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
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Copyright Information
© 1998 Copyright Equinox Technologies UK Limited. All rights reserved.
AtmelTM and AVRTM are trademarks of the Atmel Corporation
Microsoft, MS-DOS, WindowsTM and Windows 95TM Windows NT™ are registered
trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation
All other trademarks are acknowledged.
or copied only in accordance with the terms of
the agreement.
It is against the law to copy the software on any
medium except as specifically allowed in the
license or non-disclosure agreement.
The purchaser may make one copy of the
software for backup purposes. No part of this
manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or
information retrieval systems, for any purpose
other than for the purchaser’s personal use,
without written permission.
Equinox guarantees that its products will be
free from defects of material and
workmanship under normal use and service,
and these products will perform to current
specifications in accordance with, and subject
to, the Company’s standard warranty which is
detailed in Equinox’s Purchase Order
Acknowledgment.
Equinox reserves the right to change
specifications detailed in this document
without notice and does not represent a
commitment on the part of the manufacturer.
The software described in this document is
furnished under license agreement or
non-disclosure agreement and may be used

In line with our policy of continuous improvement, the software contained within this
package is updated on a regular basis. If you would like to receive an automatic e-mail every
time a new version is released, please make sure you have registered your system with
Equinox and you have quoted your e-mail address. You may cancel this service at any time.
Software updates can currently be downloaded from the following places:
Internet : www.equinox-tech.com
ftp site : ftp.equinox-tech.com
Atmel BBS : [phone]
Contacts
Equinox Technologies UK Limited
3 Atlas House, St Georges Square, Bolton, England BL1 2HB
Telephone Sales ....................... :[phone]
Fax .............................................. :[phone]
E-mail ......................................... : [email protected]
Web site .................................... : www.equinox-tech.com
For technical support on this product please e-mail us at:
[email protected]
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8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
Software Updates

8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
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About Atmel Microcontrollers
Data sheets for these devices can be viewed and printed using the Actobat pdf reader
software supplied on the Atmel CD-ROM. As data sheets are often updated on a regular
basis, it is recommended that you consult the Atmel web site for the latest information.
A few sources of further information about Atmel AVR microcontrollers are listed below:
Atmel web site : www.atmel.com
Equinox web site : www.equinox-tech.com
If you have any silicon related technical support question about AVR microcontrollers which
can not be answered by looking at the Atmel/Equinox web sites, please e-mail:
[email protected] with a detailed description of the problem.
Important - Please note
Equinox Technologies are unable to answer direct technical support questions concerning
AVR microcontrollers. Please contact your local Atmel distributor or sales office if you require
any further information.

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8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
Contents
INTRODUCTION.....1
SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS.....2
SYSTEM INSTALLATION OVERVIEW.....3
DEVICE SUPPORT.....5
ACTIV8R HARDWARE OVERVIEW.....6
EVALU8R HARDWARE OVERVIEW.....7
PK51 OVERVIEW.....8
IDE OVERVIEW.....9
PK51 SYSTEM COMPONENTS...13

8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
1
Introduction
• Supports programming of the Atmel
8051 microcontroller 20-pin devices in
the ZIF socket.
• Supports in-system programming of
Atmel 89S microcontrollers in the
evaluation module.
• Evaluation Module suppplied provides
LED’s, switches, serial communications
etc.
• Integrated Development Environment
including Editor, C compiler, linker,
Macro Assembler, software simulator
and HEX creator.
• Compatible with Windows 3.11,
Windows 95 and Windows NT.
SYSTEM HIGHLIGHTS
The “Atmel
Flash 8051
Professional
Starter System”
has been
designed as a
low-cost yet
comprehensive
suite of
development tools for the Atmel 8051
microcontroller family. The system
includes a device programmer,
evaluation module, compiler, assembler
and debugger plus a sample AT89S8252
microcontroller.
The ‘Activ8r’ programmer supplied with the
system is capable of ‘fast parallel’
programming of the Atmel 20-pin 8051
microcontroller devices from Atmel in the
ZIF socket. The programmer is also capable
of in-system programming Atmel 89S
devices (in the user’s target board) by
means of 10-way ribbon cable supplied.
The evaluation module supplied with the
system, Evalu8r, supports 20 and 40 pin
8051 microcontrollers plus serial EEPROM’s.
On board features include: LED’s, Switches,
Sounder, RS-232 communications and an
in-system programming port.
The Keil C compiler allows you to write
programs in C and still get the efficiency
and speed of assembly language. The
package includes a powerful Integrated
Development Environment (IDE) which
encompasses a full 8051 Project
Management System. The Project Manager
integrates an editor, C compiler, assembler,
software simulator and target debugger
into one easy-to-use Windows
environment. It is possible to generate up
to 2K bytes of program code with this
compiler version. An upgrade to the 8K
version is also available from Equinox.

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8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
System Specifications
Minimum System Contents
• Combined Serial & Parallel Device
Programmer
• Microcontroller Evaluation Module
• Keil PK51-2K Software
• One AT89S8252 DIL microcontroller
• Atmel Databook on CD ROM
• Power Supply Unit (PSU)
• ISP Ribbon Cable (to target)
• 9-way Serial Cable (to host PC)
Minimum PC Requirements
The minimum hardware and software requirements to
ensure that the programmer operates correctly are as
follows:
100% IBM compatible 386+
Windows 3.1 or higher *
Minimum 4MB RAM
Minimum 1MB free hard disk space
Spare PC serial port
Activ8r Programmer
Specifications
Programmer Size ...........: 10.5 x 8 x 2 cm
Shipped Weight.............: approx 1.5kg
PSU .................................: 15V DC @250mA
Port connection .............: Serial 9-way D-socket
ZIF socket .......................: Quality 40way socket
Accepts both 0.3/0.6” pitch
devices
ISP Target Voltage .........: +5V DC
ISP Header......................: 10-way IDC
Evalu8r Specification
Power Input...........:a.+9 volts DC nominal (+25 volts Max)
................................. b.+9v DC unregulated, or +5v DC
................................. regulated.
Power Connectors.:a.Standard 2.5mm ROKA type-centre
................................. positive. Accepts Equinox Power
................................. Supply
................................. b. Screw Terminals to accept external
................................. bench PSU.
................................. Pin 1 +5v
................................. Pin 2 +9v
................................. Pin 3 0v.
Serial Port ..............:3-wire asynchronous Communications
................................. interface, TxD, RxD, GND (RS-232
................................. compatible).
Serial Connector....:9 way female D-type connector, PC
................................. compatible via. 1:1 cable
................................. Pin 2 - TxD Output from Evalu8r
................................. Pin 3 - RxD Input to Evalu8r
................................. Pin 5 - GND Signal Ground connection
A/D Converter .......:Simple current source and comparator
................................. technique
................................. GND Signal Ground
................................. REF Voltage ramp from 65uA into
................................. 100nF approx.
................................. AIN Input to Evalu8r. Max range 0v to
................................. +5v (clamped)
................................. Noise filter built-in 10K/100nF
................................. approx.
Status Indication ...:Power-ON & PROG LED’s.
Sounder..................:PIEZO type
Device profiles.......:8, 20 and 40-pin devices are supported.
................................. There is room to fit a 40-pin ZIF socket
................................. if required.
ISP Compatibility...: Equinox standard 10 -way Header
Other I/O................:5 switches and 8 LED’s on 20/40 pin
................................. microcontroller port pins.

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System Installation Overview
Hardware Components
• Activ8r Device Programmer
• Evalu8r Evaluation Module
• One AT89S8252 DIL microcontroller
• Power Supply Unit (PSU)
• ISP Ribbon Cable (to target)
• 9-way Serial Cable (to host PC)
Hardware Installation
1Place the Activ8r programmer and Evalu8r
evaluation module side by side on a flat
surface, refer to figure 1.
2Connect the 9-way serial cable between the
Activ8r 9-way D connector and a spare PC
COM port (9-way). If you only have 25-way
on your connector then you will need a 25 to
9-way adaptor with all 9 connections made.
3Connect 10-way ISP cable between the
Activ8r and Evalu8r.
4Check external power jumper settings. These
should be set to 1-2 and 3-4 as per Activ8r
Hardware Overview diagram on page 6.
5Plug power supply jack into power input of
Activ8r and switch on the mains supply.
The ‘Power’ LED’s on both the Activ8r and
Evalu8r should illuminate.
Software Components
This system is supplied with four 3.5”floppy discs
containing various software utilities:
Disk 1:
• Meridian for Windows - Programmer
Interface Software
Disks 2 & 3:
• Keil PK51-2K
Disk 4:
• C51 examples disk
Software Installation
Meridian software
1Insert Disk 1
2Log onto the disk —> Meridian
setup icon should be displayed.
3Launch the Meridian.exe install program and
follow all on-screen instructions.
‘Meridian for Windows’ has now been
installed.
Keil software
1Insert “Keil PK51 Disk 1/2”
2From the ‘Start’ menu, select ‘Run..’
3Type ‘a:\setup.exe’ or browse to the required
drive and select ‘setup.exe’
4The Keil installation program should now
commence.
5Follow the on-screen intructions.
6 Insert “Keil PK51 Disk 1/2” when prompted.
7At the end of the installation, the software
will ask you to close down Windows and
restart you PC. This stage must be carried out
to guarantee that all system files are updated
correctly.
Software installation is now complete.
Please see Keil PK51 Overview Manual for
further information
The Atmel Flash 8051 Professional Starter System is made up of both hardware and software
components.

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8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
OFF
ON
PC
Activ8r
Evalu8r
Power
Supply
Unit (PSU)
ISP Cable
AT89S8252 fitted
PC COM Port (2)
PC COM
Port (1)
Check Jumper
Configuration
POWER
SUPPLY
UNIT
System Installation Overview Continued
2nd Serial Cable
NOT SUPPLIED
as standard
Figure 1

8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
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Device Support
It is possible to program Atmel 8051 microcontroller devices using two different methods:
ZIF socket - Parallel Programming Mode
The following devices can be programmed in the Activ8r ZIF socket. These devices can only
be programmed in parallel programming mode.
AT89C1051
AT89C1051U
AT89C2051
AT89C4051
In-system Programming (ISP) - Serial Programming Mode
The following devices can only be programmed within the user target system using the ISP
cable. These devices can only be programmed in serial programming mode with the Activ8r
programmer. The parallel programming mode of these devices is NOT supported.
AT89S8252
AT89S53
AT89LS8252
AT89LS53
Please note:
In-system programming of the 89LS devices is only supported with a target voltage of +5V.

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8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
Activ8r Hardware Overview
Key
1PSU input
2Active LED (Yellow)
3Power LED (Red)
4ISP Connector (10-way IDC Header Socket)
5Serial Cable Connection to PC
6Controller Chip
7Power Configuration Jumpers
8ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket (40-way)
1
65 78
2 3 4
TGT
Fit jumper here to
power Activ8r
from target’s Vcc
EXT
Fit jumper here to
power Activ8r
from Equinox PSU

8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
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12346378
10
9
23
22
21
20 19 18 13 12 1116 15
17
5
14
13 Port 2
14 40-pin Microcontroller Socket
15 ISP Programming Socket
16 LED’s x 8
17 U2 Configuration (CON10)
18 Port 0
19 Jumpers No: 1 & 2
20 Serial Communications (RS-232)
Connector
21 Piezo Sounder
22 A/D Inputs
23 Jumpers 3 & 4
KEY:
1 Push Button Switches
2 Crystal
3 Configuration Jumpers for U4
4 Reset Switch
5 20-pin Microcontroller Socket
6 8-pin Microcontroller Socket
7 Configuration Jumper for Piezo
Sounder
8 Power LED
9 Program LED
10 Power Supply Screw Terminals
11 Power Supply Input +9/+26v DC Unreg
12 Jumpers No: 13 & 14
Evalu8r Hardware Overview

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8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
PK51 Overview Continued
µVision/51
C51
Compiler
RTX51
Real-Time
Operating System
A51 Macro
Assembler
LB51
Library
Manager
C
Library
BL51 Linker for Code-Banking
dScope-51
Source Level - Debugger
CPU &
Peripheral Simulator
Monitor-51
Target Debugging
Emulator &
Prom Programmer
PK51 Tool Kit
Overview
Please Note:
Some packages may not contain all of the above
components see fig. 3 on page 9.

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IDE Overview
µVision - Integrated C51 Project Management Environment
•Powerful integrated editor environment
•Support for multiple source files within a project
•Powerful MAKE utility - compiles only changed source files
•Supports external tools including Micro-Pro 51 device programmer
•Colour-coded syntax highlighting
•Interactive source code error correction
•Project-wide setup menus for tool options
dScope-51 - Software Simulator & Debugger
“ The unparalleled 8051 Debugger”
•Ideal tool to verify correct operation of user code
•Supports PC simulation of the complete 8051 CPU core
•Provides source level debugging of user C51 programs
•User program symbolic information is available during simulation
•Supports 'watching' of user variables
•Allows single-stepping of C-source code in high-level and/or assembly language
•Provides extensive break-point facilities
•Full support for I/O ports, timers & interrupts
•Support for serial UART simulation via 'serial window'
•Performance analyser allows user code to be optimised
•Supports external 'signal' functions to test user program execution

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8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
IDE Overview Continued
C51 - Optimising Ansi-C compiler for the 8051 family
“The unsurpassed Industry Standard C Compiler”
•Generates optimised 8051 - specific code
•Flexible variable allocation with bit, data, bdata, idata, xdata and pdata
•Supports data types including bit, (signed/unsigned) char, int & long
•Comprehensive mathematical libraries
•Supports both memory specific and generic pointers
•Supports parameter passing including BIT variables
•Supports re-entrant functions (same function can be called from both the main and
interrupt service routine)
•Interrupt and re-entrant functions can be directly coded in C51
•Direct support for SFR's and single BIT variables by name
•Comprehensive symbol and debug information available for use by dScope, EPROM
Emulators etc.
A51 Macro Assembler
The A51 assembler is a macro assembler for the 8051 microcontroller family. It translates
symbolic assembly language mnemonics into relocatable object code where the utmost
speed, small code size, and hardware control are critical. The macro facility speeds
development and conserves maintenance time since common sequences need only be
developed once. The A51 assembler supports symbolic access to all features of the 8051
architecture and is configurable for the numerous 8051 derivatives.
BL51 Linker/Locator
•Combines one or more modules into one executable 8051 program
•Overlaying of local data variables greatly reduces the overall RAM requirements of many
user programs
•Supports up to 64k of XDATA for storing external variables in RAM
•Code limit depends on package purchased

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IDE Overview Continued
Project Based Development
Back in the old days of DOS development tools, it was necessary to run separate command line driven
programs to compile, link and then produce a hex file. This was not only time consuming, but could
also lead to a lot of compilation and linking errors due to typing errors.
The Keil µVision Integrated Development Environment (IDE) takes care of all file management for you,
so all you have to worry about is actually writing code that works! The table below show the different
file contained within a typical Keil C51 project.
Files contained within a typical µVision project
Extension Example Description
.prj example.prj Project File: Contains names of all source files associated with the project and includes
information for compiling, assembling & linking to generate an executable target program.
.c cfile1.c C Source File: This file is an ASCII text file containg a program written in C51. It is possible to
cfilen.c have as many source files as are required. Eg. 1 to n
.a51 a51file1.a51 Assembler Source File: This file is an ASCII text file containg a program wriiten in A51. It is
a51filen.a51 possible to have as many source files as are required. Eg. 1 to n
.h Reg51.h Include (header) File:
This type of file can be used to declare microcontroller-specific register
Evalu8r.h information or as a convenient way of including variable declarations.
.obj cfile1.obj Object File: When a C or assembler source file is ‘compiled’, the compiler translates the source into
cfilen.obj an object file.
a51file1.obj
a51filen.obj
.lst example.prj List File:
A LIST file is created by the compiler when the project or a module within the project is
compiled. The file is an ASCII log file of the compilation process and details any errors found.
- example OMF51 - Absolute Object File: This file has no file extension. This file conains the actual executable
code after a project build. It also contains any symbolic information if the ‘debug’ options are enable within
µVision.
.m51 example.m51 Map File: A MAP file is created by the compiler when the project or a module within the project is
compiled.
.hex example.hex Intel Hex File: This is a standard output format which can be downloaded to many emulators or device
programmers. The actual executable 8051 code is contained in an encoded format within this file.
.ini example.ini D-Scope Initialisation File: This file contains a script which dScope executes when launching a project.
Figure 1

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8051 FLASH Professional Starter System Starter Manual V1.00
IDE Overview Continued
cfile1.c
register.h cfilen.c
cfile1.obj
cfile1.obj
cfilen.obj cfilen.lst
a51filen.lst
a51filen.obj
a51file1.obj a51file1.lst
a51file1.a51
register.inc a51filen.a51
example.m51
example
example.hex

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13
PK51 System Components
EK51 PK51-2K PK51-8K PK51-FULL
SOFTWARE UTILITIES
Code size (C51+A51) 2K 2K 8K Unrestricted
External Only Internal/External Internal/External Internal/External
C-compiler (C51) Y Y Y Y
Assembler (A51) Y Y Y Y
µVision Integrated Development Environment Y Y Y Y
Linker (BL51) Y Y Y Y
Intel Hex output Y Y Y Y
Simulator & debugger (dScope) Y Y Y Y
RTX-TINY (Real Time Operating System) N N N Y
LIBRARIES INCLUDED
Small - Y Y Y
Compact - Y Y Y
Large Y Y Y Y
Floating point N N Y Y
DEVICE SUPPORT
Generic 8051, 8052 Y Y Y Y
Atmel 89S N Y Y Y
Dallas 80C320, 520 and 530 Y Y Y Y
Philips 8xC750, 751 and 752 N Y Y Y
Siemens 80C517 Y Y Y Y
DEVICE SPECIFIC SUPPORT
Dual Data Pointer Support N N
In-line assembler Support N N N Y
Max. Source Files 5 Unrestricted Unrestricted Unrestricted
AJMP/ACALL N Y Y Y
DOCUMENTATION
8051/251 Evaluation Manual N Y Y Y
C51 Reference Manual N N Y Y
A51 Reference Manual N N Y Y
dScope Reference Manual N N N Y
8051 Utilities Manual N N Y Y
MISCELLANEOUS
Windows 3.1 or above Y Y Y Y
DOS (command line) N N N Y
Security Dongle required N N N Y
Dallas
320
Atmel
89S
Dallas
320
Atmel
89S
Figure 3

Equinox Technologies UK Limited reserves the right to change any information contained within
this manual without prior notice. E&OE
Terms and product names contained in this document may be trademarks of others.