Exalt ExtendAir series Programming manual

206380-002
2012-02-10
ExtendAir®and ExploreAir®(TDD)
Series Direct Mount
Digital Microwave Radios
Installation and Management Guide
Models:
rc240xx Series
rc311xx Series

Exalt Installation and Management Guide
ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Series Direct Mount Digital Microwave Radios
ii 206380-002
2012-02-10
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Exalt Installation and Management Guide
ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Series Direct Mount Digital Microwave Radios
206380-002 iii
2012-02-10
Table of Contents
Legal Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Open-Source License Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
About this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Related Documentation and Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Basic Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Pre-installation Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Link Engineering and Site Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Familiarization with the ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Shipping Box Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
RF Output Power Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Link Orientation and Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Radio A/B Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Radio Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Radio Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Synchronization Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Offset Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
When Sync is Lost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Link Symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
System Installation and Initiation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Record Keeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Mechanical Configuration and Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Mounting the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Radio Ports and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Connector Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Terminating the RF Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Optional AC Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Optional DC Power Injector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
CAT5e Lightning/Surge Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Reset to Critical Factory Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Antenna/Transmission System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Antenna Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Configuration and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

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Connect to the Radio in a Telnet Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Preparing to Connect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Make Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Log In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Login Privileges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Quick Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Navigating the GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Summary Status Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Navigation Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Radio Information Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Administration Settings Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
SNMP Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
SNMP v1/v2c/v3 Support Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
SNMP Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
File Management Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
File Transfer Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
File Activation Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
System Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Ethernet Interface Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
T1/E1 Configuration Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
T1 Interface Configuration Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
E1 Interface Configuration Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
T1/E1 Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
VLAN Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Ethernet Rate Limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
QoS Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
GPS Information Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Alarms Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Performance Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Event Log Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
User Throughput Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Diagnostic Charts Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Spectrum Analyzer Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Ethernet Utilization Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Reboot Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Manual Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Common System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
System Specifications, 24GHz FCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
System Specifications, 31GHz FCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Interface Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
TDM Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
RSL Sync Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

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2012-02-10
Two Radio Internal Sync Out/In. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Sync Distribution Accessory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Power/Ethernet Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
General Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Typical Indications of Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Improper RF Cable Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Multipath Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
RF Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Path Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Misaligned Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Faulty Antenna (connectorized antenna rc-models only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Improper Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Insufficient Link Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Moisture in the Transmission System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Back-to-back Bench Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Basic Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Specification Performance Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
General Compliance and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Safety Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Regulatory Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
United States Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Canada Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Industry Canada (IC), Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Antennas Supported in Canada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Regulatory Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Conducted Power Limits for the United States and Canada – 24GHz models only . . . . . . . 97
Declaration of Conformity to the R&TTE Directive
1999/5/EC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
EU WEEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
EU RoHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Exalt Limited Hardware Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Copyright Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

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List of Figures
Figure 1 Exalt ExtendAir (TDD) Direct Mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Figure 2 Mounting and cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 3 Synchronized GPS sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 4 Internal Sync for two collocated radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 5 Internal Sync for more than two collocated radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 6 GPS Sync for more than one collocated radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 7 Synchronization for radios in a chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 8 Radio installation tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 9 Direct-mount configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 10 Remote-mount waveguide connection, vertical orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 11 Remote-mount waveguide connection, horizontal orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 12 Remote-mount pole mounting mechanics, vertical orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 13 Remote-mount pole mounting mechanics, horizontal orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 14 ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Series Direct Mount connectors . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 15 ExtendAir DC power injector connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 16 CLI main menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 17 Initiating the browser connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 18 Browser Login screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 19 Radio Information page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 20 Exalt GUI window description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 21 Summary status information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Figure 22 Radio Information page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 23 Administration Settings page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Figure 24 SNMP Configuration page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Figure 25 Trap Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Figure 26 File Transfer page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Figure 27 File Transfer page—download file link. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 28 File Activation page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 29 System Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 30 Ethernet Interface Configuration page (multiple Ethernet ports model) . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 31 T1 Interface Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 32 E1 Interface Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 33 External (remote) loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure 34 External (local) loopback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure 35 Internal loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure 36 VLAN Configuration page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Figure 37 Ethernet Rate Limiting page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Figure 38 QoS Configuration page (multiple Ethernet interface model). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Figure 39 802.1p based QoS mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure 40 IPv4/IPv6 based QoS mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure 41 VLAN ID based QoS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 42 Port based QoS mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 43 MAC DA based QoS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Figure 44 GPS Information page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Figure 45 Alarms page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Figure 46 Performance page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

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Figure 47 Event Log page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Figure 48 User Throughput page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 49 Aggregate User Throughput Help page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Figure 50 Diagnostic Charts page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Figure 51 Spectrum Analyzer page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Figure 52 Spectrum analyzer graph example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Figure 53 Ethernet Utilization page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Figure 54 Reboot page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Figure 55 Manual page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Figure 56 TDM connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Figure 57 RSL & Sync In/Sync Out connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Figure 58 Power/Ethernet connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 59 Basic back-to-back bench test configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
List of Tables
Table 1 Factory default settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 2 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 3 LED indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 4 Default login information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Table 5 Alarm status indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Table 6 Supported 24GHz antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Table 7 Supported 31GHz antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

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About this Document
This manual provides a complete description of the ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Series Direct
Mount Digital Microwave Radios and related software. This manual provides planners, engineers,
installers, system administrators, and technicians general and specific information related to the
planning, installation, operation, management, and maintenance of these devices.
Revision History
Icons
The following icons denote specific types of information:
Date Products and Release code
2011-09-26 Models rc240xx initial release v1.0.0
2012-02-08 ExploreAir 31GHz model release
Note: This symbol means take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to
materials not contained in the manual.
Warning! This warning symbol means there is a risk of electric shock. This situation that
could cause bodily injury. Before working on any equipment, be aware of the hazards
involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing
accidents.
Caution! This symbol means be careful. There is a risk of doing something that might
result in equipment damage or loss of data. This is a general warning, caution, or risk of
danger.

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Introduction
Exalt Communications, Inc. thanks you for your purchase. Our goal is to build the highest quality,
highest reliability digital microwave radio products. This commitment to quality and reliability
extends to our employees and partners alike. We appreciate any comments on how we can improve our
products, as well as your sales and Customer Care experience.
Related Documentation and Software
This manual makes reference to other documentation and software files that may be necessary. To
access all documents and software mentioned in this manual visit:
http://login.exaltcom.com/
You must have a user account to view all downloads. Follow the online instructions to create a user
account and request access.
ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios
The Exalt ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios are the most advanced carrier-
class point-to-point terrestrial radio communications devices operating in the 24GHz FCC frequency
band, and 31GHz LMDS licensed frequency band. These radios feature the capability to direct-mount
to a properly-specified antenna, or can optionally be remote-mounted using a short flexible waveguide
jumper between the radio and the antenna.
The ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) radios connect voice and/or digital data from one location to
another, obviating the need for copper or fiber connectivity, or enhancing existing connectivity by
providing a redundancy solution, a primary solution, and/or additional capacity. Figure 1 shows the
ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) digital microwave radio.
Figure 1 Exalt ExtendAir (TDD) Direct Mount
Customer Care Hotline (USA): [phone]
Toll-Free Customer Care Hotline (USA): (877) EXALT-01 (392-5801)
Direct-Dial Telephone (USA): [phone]
Website: www.exaltcom.com
Sales e-mail: [e-mail]
Customer Care e-mail: [email protected]
Mailing Address: Exalt Communications, Inc.
580 Division St.
Campbell, CA 95008
USA

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The following radio models are covered in this manual:
•ExtendAir rc24000
– configured with 27Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity (1 PoE port)
– with license key upgrades for 55 and 200Mbps aggregate capacity
•ExtendAir rc24005
– configured with 27Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity (1 PoE port) plus two additional
Ethernet ports
– with license key upgrades for 55 and 200Mbps aggregate capacity
•ExploreAir rc31100
– configured with 100Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity (1 PoE port)
– with license key upgrades for 128 and/or 256-bit AES encryption
– with license key upgrades for 200 and 330Mbps aggregate capacity
•ExploreAir rc31105
– configured with 100Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity (1 PoE port) and 2 GigE ports
– with license key upgrades for 128 and/or 256-bit AES encryption
– with license key upgrades for 200 and 330Mbps aggregate capacity
•ExploreAir rc31110
– configured with 100Mbps aggregate L1/L2 Ethernet capacity (1 PoE port) and two 2xT1/E1
ports
– with license key upgrades for 128 and/or 256-bit AES encryption
– with license key upgrades for 200 and 330Mbps aggregate capacity
The ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) radios require a clear line-of-sight and proper path clearance to
achieve a high-performance, reliable connection. Perform professional path engineering and site
planning before installing this equipment.
The primary focus of this document is the installation and maintenance of the digital microwave radio,
and assumes that path engineering and site planning has already been performed.
The 240xx family ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) radios utilize radio frequencies in the 24.05 to
24.25 GHz range. In most countries these frequency bands are considered as ‘license-exempt’ or
‘unlicensed.’ This means that virtually any user may use these frequencies freely, without paying for
access, or any type of prenotification, post-notification or registration. As a result of this designation,
users may also move or change these systems at any time, with significant flexibility to the location,
orientation and configuration of the system. However, due also to this designation, there may be
uncontrolled interference from other similar devices that occupy this spectrum. In these cases, it is up
to engineering and maintenance personnel to design the system with existing and future interference
sources in mind, recognizing that there is a chance that the interference conditions could be very
dynamic, and outages may occur on the system as a result, and that, in some very rare cases, the system
may cause interference into another system and may be required to be disengaged or modified/re-
oriented to eliminate the interference.
Note: All models offer license key upgrades for FIPS 197-compliant 128 or 256-bit AES
encryption, and TDM.

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If the spectrum in your country is designated as ‘license-exempt’ or similar, this does not infer that the
installer may configure the system in any manner at any location. In most cases, there are regulations,
or device-based conditions that limit the use of the device, such as maximum gain antenna, antenna
types and maximum output power, as well as, in some cases, application limits, limited geography of
use, and other unique regulations. The link design engineer and/or professional installer must
determine these limitations and engineer/install the system within the confines of all local regulations.
Also, it is required to examine any regulations that may apply to peripheral equipment, installation and
cabling of the system that may be regulated for human safety, electrical code, air-traffic control, and
other safety-related categories.
In certain countries, the spectrum for this product is NOT considered to be license-exempt. In these
cases, there may be additional regulatory requirements concerning the location, frequency, power,
orientation, configuration, and other aspects of the system, including, in some cases, a need for link
registration, coordination, and fees that may apply to the system usage. Please consult your local
regulatory organization(s) to determine usage requirements.
In almost all cases, either for license-exempt or other designation, the product itself must be authorized
for use in your country. Either Exalt or Exalt’s agent must have applied for certification or
authorization to allow the sale and deployment of the system within the country. It is also possible that
only certain versions or configurations of the device are allowed within a particular country. Please
contact Exalt or your authorized Exalt representative for information pertaining to your country.
Basic Features
The ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios are intended for all-outdoor
mounting and come with an indoor-mounted power injector. In some cases, the radio can be mounted
indoors or in an enclosure. Depending on the configuration purchased, the associated antenna is either
integrated as part of the unit or connected separately.
For the integrated antenna models, the entire unit is typically mounted on a tower or rooftop mast
structure, with Ethernet/Power and other optional interface cables running from the unit location,
through a structure penetration, and to the power injector and connected communications equipment.
For the external antenna models, the unit is typically mounted very close to the external antenna to
minimize RF cabling and associated losses. Alternatively, the unit can be mounted at an easily
accessible location with longer RF cabling to the antenna. Proper lightning or surge suppression
devices and associated grounding are required for all connections.
Note: It is the (professional) installer’s responsibility to ensure that the radio system is
implemented in a legal fashion. Exalt is not liable for any unsafe or illegal installations.

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Figure 2 Mounting and cabling
The ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) radios provide connections for a combination of the following
data communication interfaces:
•10/100BaseT or GigE Ethernet (up to 3 ports, depending on model)
•Up to 4xT1/E1 interfaces for synchronous voice traffic (xx10 models only)
The ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) radios are powered by a combined Power/Ethernet cable, and
associated power injector. The power injector provides 48VDC to the unit. The power injector and/or
external power supply are sold separately.
The ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) radios provide the following primary features and benefits:
•Low-latency optimization and control for voice and data connections
•Very high throughput and flexible interface configurations with voice+data combinations
•Encryption for extreme wireless security
•Easy-to-use management and configuration
•Flexible utilized channel bandwidth selection for interference avoidance and frequency
coordination
•Flexible center frequency tuning for interference avoidance and frequency coordination
•Flexible capacity to meet current connection requirements and future growth needs
•Carrier-class reliability and performance
•Connector covers (for weatherproofing unused connectors)

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Pre-installation Tasks
This section describes the steps necessary to prepare a site for the installation of the Exalt Digital
Microwave Radio.
Link Engineering and Site Planning
Design all terrestrial wireless links prior to purchase and installation. Generally, professional wireless
engineering personnel are engaged to determine the viability and requirements for a well-engineered
link to meet the users’ needs for performance and reliability.
Please complete the pre-planning and engineering required to determine following attributes:
•Antenna type gain at each end of the link
•Antenna mounting height/location for proper path clearance
•Antenna polarization orientation
•RF cabling type, length, connectors, route, and mounting
•Antenna system grounding
•Lightning arrestor type(s), location(s), and grounding
•Radio mounting location and mechanisms
•Radio grounding
•Radio transmitter output power setting
•Anticipated received signal level (RSL) at each end
•Anticipated fade margin and availability performance at each end
•Radio settings for TDD frame length and occupied bandwidth
•Anticipated throughput performance (TDM circuit support and Ethernet)
•Anticipated system latency
With respect to radio path and site planning, these radios are generally identical to other microwave
terrestrial wireless systems. Engineering of these systems requires specific knowledge about the
radios, including:
•RF specifications (transmitter output power, receiver threshold, occupied channel bandwidth, and
carrier-to-interference)
•Regulatory limitations on transmitter output power setting and antenna type/gain
•Noise/interference profile for the intended location
Familiarization with the ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Radios
The ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) radios utilize time division duplex (TDD) radio transmission.
This means that the transmitted signal in both directions uses the same center frequency and transmits
in one direction for a period of time, and then in the opposite direction for another period of time. This
total period of time is referred to as the frame length or TDD frame length, and is further discussed in
Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors.

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The two radio terminals are identical hardware, except for the TDD setting in software. When the
radios are in their default state, both radios are configured as Radio B. One end of the link must be
configured as Radio A before the two ends of the radio system can communicate.
It can be considered that Radio A is the primary radio in the link. Radio A provides the master clock
and control to Radio B. For most applications, it is not important how the radio link is oriented, only
that one end is configured for Radio A and the other for Radio B. For some applications (such as,
multi-radio hub sites or repeaters), the orientation of the radio systems may be more critical. See Link
Orientation and Synchronization for details.
There are two ways to configure the radios for Radio A/B determination:
•Use the Exalt browser-based graphical user interface (GUI) – preferred.
•Connect to the radio using Telnet.
Exalt recommends using the Exalt GUI for radio configuration. This interface requires a computer
with an Ethernet port and web browser software, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or above. See
Configuration and Management for details on how to connect to and use the browser-based GUI
interface.
Shipping Box Contents
Unless purchased as a spare terminal, the radios are shipped as a complete hop (that is, a radio link pair
consisting of two terminals). An outer box has labeling that indicates the contents of the box, with the
part number and serial number details for both radio terminals.
Inside the outer box are two identical boxes, each of these boxes is also marked with the part number
and serial number of the individual terminal contained inside the box. The terminal box contains the
following items:
•Radio terminal (configured as Radio B)
•Mounting kit (for pole or wall mounting)
•Accessory kit
– Grounding screw/washers
– Weather-sealing tape (required for RF connectors on the rd versions)
– RSL adapter cable
•Registration card
•Quick-start guide
The power solution for ExtendAir is sold separately. For customers requiring direct 48V DC power, a
power injector is available. For AC-powered applications, a POE/Adapter combination is available.
Inspect the outer packaging and the contents of the boxes upon receipt. If you suspect any shipping
damage or issues with the contents, contact Exalt Customer Care.
Outdoor-rated and shielded CAT5e cable, such as Beldon 1300A, with RJ-45 or RJ-48C connectors is
recommended for the Ethernet and/or TDM connections. For Ethernet connections, a maximum length
Note: Register your system as soon as possible. A 2-year Warranty period applies to
products registered within 90 days of purchase. The Warranty period is reduced to 1-year for
unregistered products and products registered after the first 90 days.

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of 100 meters applies to the total length of the cabling between the radio terminal and the first
network-aware connection (such as a switch or router).
Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test
Every Exalt digital microwave radio goes through extensive quality testing and performance
evaluation over the full operating temperature range prior to shipment. However, before installation, it
is strongly advised to perform several tests and tasks that are much more difficult to perform once the
radio link endpoints are distant from one another. A back-to-back bench test and pre-configuration will
provide confidence that the radio link is operational and properly configured prior to installation, so
that if troubleshooting is necessary, the radio hardware and configuration settings are eliminated from
the troubleshooting process. Verify the following in the back-to-back testing:
•Confirm that the radio system is generally operational
– Radios power-up with planned power and wiring solutions
– Radio firmware version matches on each terminal (and is ideally the latest version)
– Upgrade license key entry successful
– RF link connects in both directions
– Traffic passes across the link
– Configure connected equipment and cabling
– Test Ethernet (CAT5e) cabling, and/or T1/E1 cabling, any auxiliary connector cabling and
configure all interfaces
– Configure IP settings for configuration and management
– Configure passwords and security modes
– Become familiar with the configuration and management interfaces through the Exalt GUI
interface
– Configure radio parameters
– Set transmitter output power to engineered or allowed level (see RF Output Power Setting)
– Set operating center frequency
– Set link distance, occupied channel bandwidth, and frame length
•Make detailed radio performance measurements
– Measure transmitter output power
– Measure receiver threshold performance
– Confirm unfaded error-free performance
Some of these tasks may not be possible or practical within a bench test environment due to the nature
of the remote connectivity of peripheral equipment. However, it is good practice to perform as much as
possible in this environment to minimize field/installation time and troubleshooting efforts.
Detailed performance measurements are usually not required for pre-installation, but can be easily
performed at this stage and may be helpful for later troubleshooting efforts or for internal records.
During troubleshooting, there may often be a point at which a back-to-back bench test should be
performed to verify many or all of the above items, and in the case of a suspected faulty device, to help

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confirm the fault and determine which end of the system is at fault and in need of repair or
replacement.
RF Output Power Setting
The maximum RF output power is bounded by one of the following criteria:
•Maximum RF output power setting capability of the radio device
•Maximum RF output power allowed/authorized by the local government regulations and for this
specific device
•Maximum effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the transmission system allowed/
authorized by the local government regulations and for this specific device
•Desired RSL to not exceed the maximum RSL allowed by the device
•Desired RSL to minimize/eliminate interference into neighboring systems
Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors
The ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) radios are very dynamic, allowing the installer to optimize and
control the performance of the radio system for the intended application. The following parameters
must be carefully determined during the link engineering phase:
•Link distance
•Bandwidth
•TDD frame size
•Mode (modulation)
•The setting of the above parameters determines the following performance factors:
•Number of supported T1/E1 channels (on applicable models)
•Ethernet throughput
•System latency (delay)
The following generalizations can be made with regards to these factors:
•The shorter the TDD frame size, the lower the latency
•The shorter the link distance, the lower the latency, the higher the throughput
•The longer the TDD frame size, the higher the throughput
•The higher the bandwidth, the higher the capacity
•The higher the mode, the higher the capacity
Note: See Back-to-back Bench Testing for detailed instructions.
Note: In many cases the radio must be pre-configured for legal maximum output power
before connecting to the antenna and transmission system. Instructions for adjusting the
output power can also be found at the rear of this guide in the EIRP section for your region.

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Link Orientation and Synchronization
Link orientation refers to the Radio A and Radio B placement in your network. Link synchronization
refers to using external or internal timing to coordinate multiple links.
For every link, one end of the radio link must be configured as Radio A, while the other end is
configured as Radio B. In single-link systems, it does not matter which end of the system is mounted at
which end of the link, and there is typically no requirement for any link synchronization.
Link orientation and synchronization are more important for networks with site(s) where there is more
than one link of the same type or for sites using the same type of radio that are very close to each
another at one or both ends.
Configure collocated radio terminals for the same link orientation. That is, configure all radios at the
same location as Radio A or Radio B.
It can be advantageous to utilize link synchronization for collocated links. The radios allow the use of
an optional GPS synchronization kit. This synchronization controls the transmitter and receiver frame
timing so that collocated radios are transmitting at the same time and receiving at the same time. This
can substantially reduce the opportunity for self-interference. Without synchronization, collocated
radios may be transmitting and receiving at the same time, incurring near-end interference.
Radio A/B Configuration
Use the Exalt GUI to configure the radio terminals for Radio A and Radio B orientation. Since many
other parameters also need to be set, and the Exalt GUI is needed for these configurations, this is the
best way to completely configure the radio terminals.
Radios arrive from manufacture in default configuration, orientated as Radio B and configured as
shown in Table 1.
Note: Disable all T1/E1 ports if there are no T1/E1 interfaces connected. This shifts all available
throughput to the Ethernet interface.
Note: If a selected combination of the Link Distance, Frame Size, Bandwidth, and Mode
parameters cannot support all the desired T1 or E1 ports, the ports that cannot be supported are
automatically disabled. Priority is placed on the T1/E1 port number. That is, the first port to be
disabled, if necessary, is the highest port number, such as Port 4. See T1/E1 Configuration Pages
for more information.
Note: It is not always necessary to synchronize collocated radios. If antennas are substantially
separated or blocked from one another and/or frequency separation tuning is used, the
opportunity for near-end interference can be eliminated.
Note: When synchronization is required or desired, one GPS kit is required for each r-Series
radio link in the connected or collocated network.

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Radio Reset
Use the reset function if the IP address and/or passwords are lost. Use the following steps to perform a
critical parameter reset:
1Remove power from the radio by disconnecting the AC adapter from the power injector.
2Hold down RESET button on the power injector while applying power.
Hold the RESET button down through the entire power cycle and monitor the DATA+POWER
left LED on the power injector. Release the RESET button only after the LED is in the steady state
(45 to 60 seconds).
3Release the RESET button.
The following configurations are reset on the radio:
•IP address = 10.0.0.1
•IP mask = 255.0.0.0
•IP gateway = 0.0.0.0
•Administration password = password
Table 1 Factory default settings
Parameter ExtendAir and ExploreAir (TDD) Radio Settings
Link Distance <10 miles
Bandwidth Lowest option available, according to model
Mode Lowest option available, according to model
TDD Frame Size 2ms
Link Security Key 000000000000
Administration Password password
User Password password
IP Address 10.0.0.1
IP Mask 255.0.0.0
IP Gateway 0.0.0.0
Ethernet Interface Alarm Enabled, 100/Full (ExtendAir); Auto-negotiate (ExploreAir)
T1/E1 Enabling All Disabled
Note: In many cases, the system design will not be identical to the factory default
configuration, and in some cases, these differences prohibit the installation of the radio. If at
all possible, obtain a computer and configure the radio terminals using the browser-based
GUI. See Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI) for details.

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•User password = password
•VLAN disabled
Radio Synchronization
The radio synchronization feature improves the performance of Exalt radios operating in the same
frequency band and that are collocated (such as in repeater and hub configurations). Radio
synchronization ties radio systems together to operate off of a common clock system, ensuring that all
radios simultaneously transmit and receive, and thus eliminating near-field interference issues and
related radio system coupling.
Synchronization Modes
Synchronization can be implemented using either one or multiple GPS sources, or using the radios
‘Internal’ clocking signal. The following general configurations can be accommodated:
•GPS sync, using one GPS source (sold separately) per link. Ideal for links where the radios are not
collocated on the same rooftop or tower.
•GPS sync, using one GPS source (sold separately) to drive timing to multiple collocated links,
using one or more sync distribution accessories (sold separately). The ideal solution for networks
that have multiple links at one location, but also have more nearby radio links that are not
collocated, including repeaters and multi-link backbones.
•Internal sync, using one radio to synchronize another collocated link. This can be accomplished
with a simple cable and proper radio configuration, and ideal when only 2 radios are collocated.
•Internal sync, using one radio to synchronize to multiple collocated links. This can be
accomplished with one or more sync distribution accessories (sold separately). The ideal solution
for networks that have multiple links at one location and do not have other nearby links or
repeaters and multi-link backbones.
Virtually any combination of hubs and repeater sites, star configurations, and/or backbones can be
implemented with synchronization. It is typically necessary or ideal in each configuration to match the
following parameters on every radio in the network:
•Link Distance – Match to the longest distance link in the network.
•Frame Length – Match to the lowest frame length to optimize total system latency (for example,
for TDM networks) or match to a highest frame length to optimize user throughput. Choose an
intermediate value to compromise between latency and throughput.
•Mode – It is desirable, but not always necessary, to match the mode for all collocated links.
•Bandwidth – It is desirable, but not always necessary, to match the bandwidth for all collocated
links.
For complex networks, an Exalt engineer should review multi-link networks before deployment as
several factors can optimize the network for desired performance.
Figure 3 illustrates two separate radios benefiting from synchronized GPS sources.
Note: When GPS Sync is enabled, link initiation typically takes 1 to 3 minutes to allow for
the radio to properly synchronize to the available GPS satellites.

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Figure 3 Synchronized GPS sources
Figure 4 illustrates the recommended synchronization method for two links that share a common site at
one end of each link. Using internal sync, a cable can be connected between the two radios to
accomplish sync. No GPS receiver is required. This approach cannot be used for more than two
collocated radios.
Figure 4 Internal Sync for two collocated radios
When more than two radio links terminate from the same site, use the sync distribution accessory,
ExaltSync Collocation Kit (sold separately) to connect more links to the Internal Sync source, as
shown in Figure 5. Use one kit to connect one Sync Source radio to up to three additional links. Each
additional kit expands up to three additional links.