ezWave WAP-1100E User manual

ezWAVE Access Point Users’ Guide Version 1.11
Copyright© Widelink 2000 DOC – 2001.02.01
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WAP-1100E
Wireless LAN Access Point
Users’ Guide
Corporate Headquarters
Widelink Co. Ltd.
8-2 Namkyung Bldg. Suite 1001
Samsung-Dong, Kangnam-Gu
Seoul, Korea 135-090
http://www.widelink.co.kr
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

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Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction To The Wireless LAN.............................................................................5
1.1 What’s Wireless LAN? .....................................................................................................5
1.2 Wireless LAN Standard and Structure ...........................................................................6
Chapter 2 Setup ezWAVE Access Point ....................................................................................11
2.1 Before You Begin Installation .......................................................................................11
2.2 Installing the Widelink ezWAVE WAP-1100E Access Point wirelessly by using
wireless LAN card and Access Point manager program..................................................13
STEP 1 Adjust the antennas .......................................................................................13
STEP 2 Connect The Power Pack ...............................................................................14
STEP 2 Connect The Power Pack ...............................................................................14
STEP 3 Wireless LAN Card Network Configuration .................................................15
STEP 4 AP Connection using wireless LAN card ......................................................15
STEP 6 Diagnosis ........................................................................................................20
STEP 7 MAC Filter Configuration Setting...................................................................21
2.3 Installing the Widelink ezWAVE WAP-1100E Access Point by using wired LAN card
and Access Point manager program..................................................................................24
STEP 1 Adjust the antennas ........................................................................................24
STEP 2 Ethernet (LAN) Cable Connection .................................................................25
STEP 3 Connect the Power Pack ...............................................................................26
STEP 4 Wired LAN Card Network Configuration ......................................................27
STEP 5 AP Connection using wired LAN card ...........................................................27
2.4 Installing the Widelink ezWAVE WAP-1100E Access Point using console cable.....28
STEP 1 Adjust the antennas ........................................................................................28
STEP 2 Ethernet Cable Connection ............................................................................29
STEP 3 Connect The Power Pack ...............................................................................31
STEP 4 Connect Console Cable ..................................................................................32
STEP 5 Open Terminal Program .................................................................................33
STEP 6 Configuration Change.....................................................................................36
STEP 7 MAC Filter Configuration................................................................................42
2.5 Verifying the Operation of the Widelink Access Point................................................47
Chapter 3 Access Point Management .......................................................................................48
3.1 Starting a Configuration Tool........................................................................................49

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Access Point Connection ............................................................................................50
Access Point Configuration Window..........................................................................51
Terminal Window for Diagnosis ..................................................................................55
Firmware Upgrade Window .........................................................................................56
Firmware Upgrade Via Local Disk ..............................................................................56
Access Point Detail Control ........................................................................................59
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................60
Appendix......................................................................................................................................60
Appendix A Cell Planning (Radio Range) .........................................................................60
Appendix B Technical Specifications ...............................................................................62
Appendix C Channel Allocation.........................................................................................63

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THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO
CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL
ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS.
THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN
THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS
REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT
YOUR WIDELINK REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE
SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH ALL FAULTS. WIDELINK AND THE SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL
WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING,
USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL WIDELINK OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS
DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF WIDELINK OR ITS
SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
SAFETY INFORMATION
WARNING
* Opening the unit, for whatever reason, could lead to damages that are not covered by the guarantee.
* To prevent fire or shock hazard, do not expose your ezWAVE wireless LAN PC cards to rain or moisture.
NOTES:
* The Widelink supplied software may show screens slightly different from those included in this manual.
* This manual is written based on the assumption that you are familiar with basic operations of Windows operating
system.
Microsoft Windows, Windows95, Windows98, Windows ME, Windows 2000 and Windows NT are registered trademarks
of Microsoft Corporation.
ezWave, Widellink’s logo, is registered trademark of Widelink Co., Ltd. or its affiliates in Korea, US and certain other
countries. All other trademarks mentioned in this documents are the property of their respective owners. The use of word
partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Widelink and any of its resellers.
Using the Widelink’s ezWAVE card
Copyright
ⓒ 2000. Widelink Co., Ltd.
All rights reserved.

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Chapter 1 Introduction To The Wireless LAN
A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a flexible data communication system implemented as an
extension to, or as an alternative for, a wired LAN within a building or campus. Using
electromagnetic waves, WLANs transmit and receive data over the air, minimizing the
need for wired connections. Thus, WLANs combine data connectivity with user mobility,
and, through simplified configuration, enable movable LANs. WLANs have gained strong
popularity in a number of vertical markets, including the health-care, retail,
manufacturing, warehousing, and academic arenas. These industries have profited from
the productivity gains of using hand-held terminals and notebook computers to transmit
real-time information to centralized hosts for processing. Today WLANs are becoming
more widely recognized as a general-purpose connectivity alternative for a broad range
of business customers.
1.1 What’s Wireless LAN?
Wireless LANs use electromagnetic airwaves (radio and infrared) to communicate
information from one point to another without relying on any physical connection. Radio
waves are often referred to as radio carriers because they simply perform the function of
delivering energy to a remote receiver. The data being transmitted is superimposed on
the radio carrier so that it can be accurately extracted at the receiving end. This is
generally referred to as modulation of the carrier by the information being transmitted.
Once data is superimposed (modulated) onto the radio carrier, the radio signal occupies
more than a single frequency, since the frequency or bit rate of the modulating
information adds to the carrier.
Multiple radio carriers can exist in the same space at the same time without interfering
with each other if the radio waves are transmitted on different radio frequencies. To
extract data, a radio receiver tunes in (or selects) one radio frequency while rejecting all
other radio signals on different frequencies.
In a typical WLAN configuration, a transmitter/receiver (transceiver) device, called an
access point, connects to the wired network from a fixed location using standard
Ethernet cable. At a minimum, the access point receives, buffers, and transmits data
between the WLAN and the wired network infrastructure. A single access point can

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support a small group of users and can function within a range of less than one hundred
to several hundred feet. The access point (or the antenna attached to the access point)
is usually mounted high but may be mounted essentially anywhere that is practical as
long as the desired radio coverage is obtained.
End users access the WLAN through wireless LAN adapters, which are implemented as
PC cards in notebook computers, or use PCI adapters in desktop computers. WLAN
adapters provide an interface between the client network operating system (NOS) and
the airwaves (via an antenna). The nature of the wireless connection is transparent to
the NOS.
1.2 Wireless LAN Standard and Structure


Wireless LAN Standard – IEEE802.11b
The widespread acceptance of WLANs depends on industry standardization to ensure
product compatibility and reliability among the various manufacturers. The Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ratified the original 802.11 specifications in
1997 as the standard for wireless LANs. That version of 802.11 provides for 1 Mbps and
2 Mbps data rates and a set of fundamental signaling methods and other services. The
most critical issue affecting WLAN demand has been limited throughput. The data rates
supported by the original 802.11 standard are too slow to support most general business
requirements and have slowed adoption of WLANs. Recognizing the critical need to
support higher data-transmission rates, the IEEE recently ratified the 802.11b standard
(also known as 802.11 High Rate) for transmissions of up to 11 Mbps.
With 802.11b, WLANs will be able to achieve wireless performance and throughput
comparable to wired Ethernet. Outside of the standards bodies, wireless industry leaders
have united to form the Wire-less Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA).
WECA’s mission is to certify cross-vendor interoperability and compatibility of IEEE
802.11b wireless networking products and to promote that standard for the enterprise,
the small business, and the home. Members include WLAN semiconductor
manufacturers, WLAN providers, computer system vendors, and software makers.


Wireless LAN Network Equipment
802.11 defines two pieces of equipment, a wireless station, which is usually a PC

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equipped with a wireless network interface card (NIC), and an access point (AP), which
acts as a bridge between the wireless and wired networks. An access point usually
consists of a radio, a wired network interface (e.g., 802.3), and bridging software
conforming to the 802.1d Bridging standard. The access point acts as the base station
for the wireless network, aggregating access for multiple wireless stations onto the wired
network. Wireless end stations can be 802.11 PC Card and PCI.


Wireless LAN Network Configuration
The 802.11 standard define two modes: infrastructure mode and ad hoc mode (or
independent or peer-to-peer).
Ad Hoc Mode
Ad hoc mode (also called peer-to-peer mode or an Independent Basic
Service Set, or IBSS) is simply a set of 802.11 wireless stations that
communicate directly with one another without using an access point or any
connection to a wired network. This mode is useful for quickly and easily
setting up a wireless network anywhere that a wireless infrastructure does not
exist or is not required for services, such as a hotel room, convention center,
or airport, or where access to the wired network is barred (such as for
consultants at a client site).
Figure 1. Ad Hoc Mode
Independent Basic
Service Set (IBSS)

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Infrastructure Mode
In infrastructure mode, the wireless network consists of at least one access
point connected to the wired network infrastructure and a set of wireless end
stations. This configuration is called a Basic Service Set (BSS). An Extended
Service Set (ESS) is a set of two or more BSSs forming a single sub-network.
Since most corporate WLANs require access to the wired LAN for services
(file servers, printers, Inter-net links) they will operate in infrastructure mode.
Figure 2. Infrastructure Mode


Roaming
Wireless communication is limited by how far signals carry for given power output.
WLANs use cells, called microcells, similar to the cellular telephone system to extend
the range of wireless connectivity. At any point in time, a mobile PC equipped with a
WLAN adapter is associated with a single access point and its microcell, or area of
coverage. Individual microcells overlap to allow continuous communication within wired
network. They handle low power signals and “hand off” users as they roam through a
given geographic area.
Distribution System (DS)
Service Set (SS) – Multiple
Access Point (AP)
Ethernet (802.3)

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The 802.11 MAC layer is responsible for how a client associates with an access point.
When an 802.11 client enters the range of one or more APs, it chooses an access point
to associate with (also called joining a Basic Service Set), based on signal strength and
observed packet error rates. Once accepted by the access point, the client tunes to the
radio channel to which the access point is set. Periodically it surveys all 802.11 channels
in order to assess whether a different access point would provide it with better
performance characteristics. If it determines that this is the case, it re-associates with the
new access point, tuning to the radio channel to which that access point is set. Re-
association usually occurs because the wireless station has physically moved away from
the original access point, causing the signal to weaken. In other cases, Re-association
occurs due to a change in radio characteristics in the building, or due simply to high
network traffic on the original access point. In the latter case this function is known as
“load balancing,” since its primary function is to distribute the total WLAN load most
efficiently across the available wireless infrastructure. This process of dynamically
associating and re-associating with APs allows network managers to set up WLANs with
very broad coverage by creating a series of overlapping 802.11b cells throughout a
building or across a campus. To be successful, the IT manager ideally will employ
“channel reuse,” taking care to set up each access point on an 802.11 DSSS channel
that does not overlap with a channel used by a neighboring access point.
Figure 3. Roaming
Backbone Network
Access Point (AP)
Inter-Cell Roaming

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

BSS, ESS and SS ID
The basic service set (BSS) is the basic building block of WLAN network. Minimum
WLAN BSS may be consist of only two stations. Using access point (AP) and network
distribution systems (DS), WLAN service set can be extended arbitrary size – extended
service set (ESS). Each service set has its network ID (SSID). All the service sets within
an ESS network can have same service ID so that the ESS can support inter-cell
roaming.
Figure 4. SSID and Roaming
Backbone Network
AP #`2 SS
ID
ROAMIN
AP #`1 SS
ID
AP #`3 SS
ID
ESS
BSS
Backbone Network
Re-
Configuration

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Chapter 2 Setup ezWAVE Access Point
2.1 Before You Begin Installation
The ezWAVE WAP-1100 Series Access Point is a wireless LAN transceiver that can act
as the center point of a stand-alone wireless LAN network or as the connection point
between wireless and wired networks. In multiple installations, the roaming functionality
provided by multiple Access Points allows wireless users to move freely throughout the
facility while maintaining seamless, uninterrupted access to the network. The Access
Point supports Access Point management software. The system settings are contained
on the Access Point's firmware.
Before setting up your Access Point, ask your network system administrator for the
following information:
You need an IP (Internet Protocol) address for the Access Point. Each station or
device on your network must have a unique IP address.
If there are some Access Points already installed, you need to know their SSID and
channel allocation strategy.
WEP key allocation.
Caution
You should configure the Access Point before mounting it on a pole or a ceiling.
Some configuration steps such as communicating with the Access Point should
be done through a serial cable. This process may be difficult if the Access Point
is inaccessible.
Before you begin installation, make sure that you have the following items:
The ezWAVE WAP-1100E Access Point

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The Access Point power supply
The ezWAVE WAP-1100 Series Installation CD
If any of these items are missing from the package, contact your Access Point supplier.
You will also need:
A computer with serial port (com1, com2) or Ethernet port
A 9-pin, straight-through, male-to-female serial cable

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2.2 Installing the Widelink ezWAVE WAP-1100E Access Point wirelessly by using
wireless LAN card and Access Point manager program
Follow the instructions below to install the Access Point through AP manager.
STEP 1 Adjust the antennas
For maximum range, make sure the antennas on your Access Point is straight up or
straight down, no matter where your Access Point is mounted.
If you keep your Access Point on a table or a desk, turn the antennas so that it points
straight up. If you mount your Access Point on a wall or a pole, turn the antenna to
position it in a vertical mode. If you mount your Access Point on the ceiling, turn the
antenna so that it points straight down.
Antenna configurations can be varied depending on the Access Point model, cell
coverage or cell plan.
STEP 1 Adjust the antennas

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STEP 2 Connect The Power Pack
Plug the Power Pack into a wall outlet or a power strip, and plug the connector into the
power receptacle on the back of the Access Point.
All three indicators on top of the access point will be bright green.
During normal operation, indicators will be bright green. If indicators do not either display
a solid color or blink, examine the “Top Panel Indicator Descriptions” in this manual.
Caution
If you have already installed Widelink ezWAVE WAP-1100 series client card, you
can easily configure Access Point through air connection between your computer
and Access Point. You may skip next step and go to Access Point Management
section.
STEP 2 Connect The Power Pack

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STEP 3 Wireless LAN Card Network Configuration
The ezWAVE’s Access Point has a default IP of 100.100.100.100 and SSID of AP,
In order to connect the Access Point with wireless LAN card wirelessly using the AP
manager, you must reconfigure your wireless LAN card’s network configuration.
1. Set the SSID of the ezWAVE wireless LAN card to AP.
2. Set the wireless LAN card’s (your desktop/laptop) IP from TCP/IP of the network
properties to 100.100.100.1 and Subnet Mask to 255.255.255.0.
STEP 4 AP Connection using wireless LAN card
1. Install AP manager from ezWAVE Installation CD.
2. Open/run AP manager program.
IP address box will appear
Since the AP has a default IP, in this case, type 100.100.100.100 or if you want to
connect other AP, type the IP of the Access Point you want to connect. Access
Point’s IP is needed for Access Point management only. Thus if you want to
manage the Access Point in a remote location, you must give a public static IP to
the Access Point.
Type the IP 100.100.100.100 and click connect.
STEP 3 Wireless LAN Card Network Configuration
STEP 4 AP Connection using wireless LAN card

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Type the password public (low-case-letter). Whenever the password appears, just type
public. You can later change the password by clicking setting and then change
password.
After AP manager is connected to the Access Point, you will see the above figure and
you will be able to see most of the settings of the Access Point. If you want to make
changes in the settings, make the changes and click “Apply Changes”.

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STEP 5 Configuration Settings
1
11
1Connected ezWAVE type such as Normal AP, Master Bridge and Slave Bridge.
2
22
2Type the Access Point’s IP you want to conncect.
3
33
3Input the SSID of the wireless LAN cards that you want to communicate with. All
clients (wireless LAN cards) must have same SSID with the Access Point you want to
communicate with.
4
44
4Select a channel. All clients (wireless LAN cards) must also have the same channel.
(See the Caution warning bellow).
5
55
5Ethernet Mac Address displays Access Point’s Ethernet MAC Address.
6
66
6Enable or disable WEP encryption.
7
77
7WEP Exclude as the word states describes the follow:
STEP 5 Configuration Settings

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TRUE – only enables communication with clients that use WEP encryption.
FALSE – enables communication with both clients that use WEP and those that
do not use WEP encryption.
8
88
8WEP generation - when WEP is enabled, Passphrase generates a distinct WEP
value automatically. You must input a value using numbers 0 ~ 9 or alphabets a ~ f in
the Passphrase and it will automatically generate a WEP value (see the above figure).
Select the following:
Passphrase – to generate a WEP value automatically.
Manual – to input a WEP value manually.
Type ten hexadecimal digits (any combination of 0-9, a-f, or A-F) for 64-bit WEP
keys. To protect WEP key security, existing WEP keys do not appear in the entry
fields. You can write over existing keys, but you cannot edit or delete them.
9
99
9Passphrase - You must input a value using numbers 0 ~ 9 or alphabets a ~ f in the
Passphrase and it will automatically generate a WEP value (see the above figure).


WEP Default Key – select a key (1 ~4) value you want to use in the WEP.
a,b,c,d When Passphrase is used, it will display 4 key values automatically. If you
have selected manual, then you will have to input all the values manually. When WEP is
enabled, make sure that the other (other brands’ as well) Access Points have the same
WEP Key value.
Caution
The WEP keys for your network must be set exactly the same as your Access
Points and your PC LAN cards. The same value must be assigned to Key 1 on
both the Access Point and the PC LAN cards, the same value must be assigned to
Key 2 on both the Access Point and the PC LAN cards, and so on, for all four WEP
keys. For example, if you set WEP Key 3 on your Access Point to 0987654321 and
select it as the active key, you must also set WEP Key 3 on the PC cards to the
same value and select Key 3 as the active key.
e,f It will not be displayed on Access Points.

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Caution
If there is other Bridges or Access Points already installed in nearby area from
your Bridge, take a cautious attitude in selecting a channel number and SSID
(SSID should be different from the other Bridges and Access Points nearby the
area). Otherwise, if you select a channel number close (4 channels gap are
suggested) to other nearby Bridges or Access Points, you will experience channel
interference problems. This can degrade wireless LAN air link quality and cell
coverage area seriously. In order to avoid this problem, select a channel number
that is far away from the applied channels of nearby Bridges and Access Points.
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STEP 6 Diagnosis
The Diagnosis Tab provides the same function as terminal emulator programs, like
HyperTerminal program (detailed explanation will be furnished in the later chapter,
Installation through console port). You can apply the same functions as you use in
Hyper terminal program except for “setconfig” function.
STEP 6 Diagnosis