Fluke 433 User manual

®
Fluke 433/434
Three Phase Power Quality Analyzer
Getting Started
EN
August 2004
© 2004 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in The Netherlands
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

Contents of Analyzer Kit
F1F2
F3F4F5
Fluke 434

1
Getting Started
Introduction
This Getting Started manual provides basic information
on the Fluke 433 and 434 Three Phase Power Quality
Analyzers. Fluke 434 has additional features such as
Interharmonics, Transients, Energy Usage, Inrush
Currents, extra memory to store Screens and Data,
FlukeView software, and an optical isolated interface
cable.
For complete operating instructions, refer to the Users
Manual on the accompanying CD-ROM.
Contacting a Service Center
To locate a Fluke authorized service center, visit us on
the World Wide Web at: www.fluke.com or call Fluke
using any of the following phone numbers:
[phone] in the U.S. and Canada
[phone] in Europe
[phone] from other countries.
Safety Information: Read First
The Fluke 433/434 Three Phase Power Quality Analyzer -
hereafter referred to as “Analyzer” - complies with:
•ANSI/ISA S82.01-1994.
•EN/IEC61010-1 2nd edition 1000 V Measurement
Category III, 600 V Measurement Cat IV, Pollution
Degree 2.
•CAN/CSA-C22.2 No.61010-1-04 (including
approval).
Use the Analyzer and its accessories only as specified in
the Users Manual. Otherwise, the protection provided by
the Analyzer and its accessories might be impaired.
A Warning identifies conditions and actions that pose
hazard(s) to the user.
A Caution identifies conditions and actions that may
damage the Analyzer.

Fluke 433/434
Getting Started
2
Warning
To avoid electrical shock or fire:
•Review the entire manual before use of
the Analyzer and its accessories.
•Avoid working alone.
•Do not operate the Analyzer around
explosive gas or vapor.
•Use only insulated current probes, test
leads and adapters as supplied with the
Analyzer, or indicated as suitable for the
Fluke 433/434 Analyzer.
•Before use, inspect the Analyzer, voltage
probes, test leads and accessories for
mechanical damage and replace when
damaged. Look for cracks or missing
plastic. Pay special attention to the
insulation surrounding the connectors.
•Remove all probes, test leads and
accessories that are not in use.
•Always connect the Battery Charger /
Power Adapter first to the AC outlet
before connecting it to the Analyzer.
•Use the ground input only to ground the
Analyzer and do not apply any voltage.
•Do not apply input voltages above the
rating of the instrument.
•Do not apply voltages in excess of the
marked ratings of the voltage probes or
current clamps.
•Do not use exposed metal BNC or
banana plug connectors.
•Do not insert metal objects into
connectors.
•Use only the power supply, Model BC430
(Battery Charger / Power Adapter).
•Before use check that the
selected/indicated voltage range on the
BC430 matches the local line power
voltage and frequency. If necessary set
the slider switch of the BC430 to the
correct voltage.
•For the BC430 use only AC line plug
adapters or AC line cords that comply
with local safety regulations.
Max. Input Voltage at Voltage Banana Inputs to
ground:
Input A (L1), B (L2), C (L3), N to GND: ..........................
.......................................... 1000 V Cat III, 600 V Cat IV
Max. Voltage at Current BNC Inputs (See marking):
Input A (L1), B (L2), C (L3), N to GND: ..........42 V peak

Getting Started
If Safety Features are Impaired
3
Voltage ratings are given as “working voltage”. They
should be read as V ac rms (50-60 Hz) for AC sine
wave applications and as V dc for DC applications.
Measurement Category IV refers to the overhead or
underground utility service of an installation. Cat III refers
to distribution level and fixed installation circuits inside a
building.
Note
To accommodate connection to various line
power sockets, the BC430 Battery Charger /
Power Adapter is equipped with a male plug that
must be connected to a line plug adapter
appropriate for local use. Since the Charger is
isolated, you can use line plug adapters with or
without a protective ground terminal.
The 230 V rating of the BC430 is not for use in
North America. A line plug adapter complying
with the applicable National Requirements may
be provided to alter the blade configurations for
a specific country.
If Safety Features are Impaired
If the Analyzer is used in a manner not specified by
the manufacturer, the protection provided by the
Analyzer may be impaired.
Before use, inspect the test leads for mechanical damage
and replace damaged test leads!
If the Analyzer or its accessories appear to be impaired or
not functioning properly, do not use it and send it in for
repair.
Reference to Manual Sections

Fluke 433/434
Getting Started
4
Subject Page
cCharging Batteries, Preparing for Use. 4
dInput Connections. 7
eAuxiliary Functions, Menu Navigation. 5
fSCOPE Mode. 8
gMeasurements MENU. 8
hPower Quality MONITOR. 9
iScreen Symbols. 10
jScreens and Function Keys. 10
kSetting up the Analyzer, SETUP. 16
lMEMORY Use. 18
SAVE Screens. 17
Before making any measurements, set the Analyzer up
for the line voltage, frequency, and wiring configuration of
the power system you want to measure. This is explained
in section ‘Setting up the Analyzer’.
Charging the Batteries and Preparing
for Use
At delivery, the installed rechargeable NiMH batteries
may be empty. To reach full charge they must be charged
for 4 hours with the Analyzer turned off:
•use only the supplied Battery Charger/Power Adapter
model BC430.
•before use check that the BC430 voltage and
frequency range match the local line power range
(refer to figure below). If necessary set the slider
switch of BC430 to the correct voltage.
•connect the battery charger to the AC outlet.
•connect the battery charger to the POWER
ADAPTER input on the top side of the Analyzer.
115V 230V
Caution
To obtain maximum capacity of the battery,
charge the batteries at least twice a year.
When using your Analyzer for the first time, you must set
it up for the measurements you want to make. Section
‘Setting up the Analyzer’ gives an overview of items to be
adjusted.

Getting Started
Tilt Stand
5
Tilt Stand
The Analyzer has a tilt stand that allows viewing the
screen at an angle when placed on a flat surface. With
the tilt stand folded out, the optical port at the right side of
the Analyzer can be accessed.
Hang Strap
A hang strap is supplied with the Analyzer. The figure
below shows how to attach the strap correctly to the
Analyzer.
Auxiliary Functions
Power on/off, Brightness adjustment, and Locking the
keyboard are explained below:
Power On/Off:
The Analyzer powers up or down with
its last setup configuration. Power-on is
indicated by a single beep.

Fluke 433/434
Getting Started
6
Brightness:
Press to dim or brighten the backlight.
Dimmed brightness saves battery
power. For extra brightness keep
pressed for 5 seconds.
Contrast adjustment of the display is explained in the next
section as a part of ‘Menu Navigation’.
Lock keyboard for unattended measurements:
ENTER
Press for 5 seconds to lock ( ) or
unlock the keyboard.
Reset of the Analyzer to factory default settings is
explained in section ‘Setting up the Analyzer’.
Menu Navigation
Selection of measuring functions and adjustment of
settings is done via screen menus. How to use these
menus is illustrated below.
As an example setting the Date of the Real Time Clock
and Contrast adjustment are explained:
Date adjustment:
SETUP
The SETUP menu pops up.
Use the up/down arrow keys to
highlight ‘Date’. The current date
shown.
ENTER
Press to access the DATE ADJUST
submenu.
Highlight ‘Day’.
Adjust the Date.
Use the arrow keys to highlight the
preferred date representation:
Day/Month/Year or Month/Day/Year.
F5
Press function key F5 three times to
confirm the selections and to return to
the SETUP menu.
Contrast adjustment:
F4
Press function key F4 to access the
submenu where CONTRAST can be
adjusted.
Adjust CONTRAST to your preference.
F5
Press repeatedly to move upwards
through the menus.

Getting Started
Input Connections
7
Input Connections
The Analyzer has 4 BNC-inputs for current clamps and 5
banana-inputs for voltages.
Self-adhesive decals are supplied corresponding to wiring
color codes used in the USA, Continental Europe, the UK,
and China. Stick the decals that fit to your local wiring
codes around the current and voltage inputs.
De-energize power systems before making connections
whenever possible. Avoid working alone and work
according to the warnings listed in section ‘Safety
Information’.
For a 3-phase system make the connections as shown in
Figure 1. First put the current clamps around the
conductors of phase A (L1), B (L2), C (L3), and N(eutral).
The clamps are marked with an arrow indicating the
correct signal polarity.
Next make the voltage connections: start with Ground
and then in succession N, A (L1), B (L2), and C (L3). For
correct measuring results, always connect the Ground
input. Always double-check the connections. Make sure
that current clamps are secured and completely closed
around the conductors.
Figure 1. Connection of Analyzer to 3-phase
distribution system
For single phase measurements, use current input A (L1)
and the voltage inputs Ground, N(eutral), and phase A
(L1).
A (L1) is the reference phase for all measurements.
Before making any measurements, set the Analyzer up
for the line voltage, frequency, and wiring configuration of
the power system you want to measure. This is explained
in section ‘Setting up the Analyzer’.

Fluke 433/434
Getting Started
8
Measuring Modes, a Quick Overview
This section gives an overview of all measuring modes. The Analyzer’s screen information and use of function keys is
explained in more detail in the next two chapters.
SCOPE
SCOPE MODE. The following features are available:
Measuring Mode Screen Type Representation of Measuring Results Cursor/Zoom
Scope Waveform Waveform Oscilloscope display of voltage/current + numerical values. Yes / Yes
Scope Phasor Vector Diagram Voltage/current phase relation + numerical values No / No
MENU
MEASUREMENTS MENU. Measuring Functions accessible via the MENU key. The following features are available:
Measuring Mode Screen Type Representation of Measuring Results Cursor/Zoom
V/A/Hz Table Numerical values: voltage, current, frequency, crest factor. No / No
Trend Trend over time of values in the table. Yes / Yes
Dips & Swells Trend Trend over time with fast update rate: Voltage/current. Yes / Yes
Table Records events that violate limits: normal/detailed tables
available.
No / No
Harmonics Bar Graphs Voltage/current/power harmonics, interharmonics, THD, DC Yes/ No
Table Numerical values of a set of (inter)harmonics No / No
Power & Energy Table Numerical values: Active power/Apparent power/ Reactive
power /Power factor/Displacement power factor/
Voltage/Current/Energy usage, Energy meter output pulse count
No / No
Trend Trend over time of the values in the table Yes / Yes

Getting Started
Measuring Modes, a Quick Overview
9
Measuring Mode Screen Type Representation of Measuring Results Cursor/Zoom
Flicker Table Numerical values: Short/Long term flicker, Dc, Dmax, TD No / No
Trend Trend over time of values in the table Yes / Yes
Unbalance Table Numerical values: Voltage/current unbalance percentages,
Voltage/current fundamental, Phase angle.
No / No
Trend Trend over time of values in the table Yes / Yes
Vector Diagram Voltage/current phase relation + numerical values No / No
Transients Waveform Voltage/current waveforms + numerical values. Records events
that violate adjustable limits.
Yes / Yes
Inrush Current Trend Records events that exceed adjustable limits. Yes / Yes
MONITOR
POWER QUALITY MONITOR. The following features are available:
Measuring Mode Screen Type Representation of Measuring Results Cursor/Zoom
Main screen Bar Graphs Via start menu: overview of key Power Quality metries. Detailed
information available under function keys F1 (V rms), F2
(Harmonics), F3 (Flicker), F4 (Dips, Interruptions, Rapid Voltage
Changes, Swells), and F5 (Unbalance, Frequency).
Yes / No
F1
...
F5
Events Table
Trend
Bar Graphs
Records events that violate limits: normal/detailed tables
available.
Trend over time of data group as selected by F1 ... F5.
Detailed bar graph for harmonics.
No / No
Yes / Yes
Yes / No

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Getting Started
10
Screen Symbols
Symbols may appear in the upper and the lower screen
areas to show the state of Analyzer and measurements.
Status Indicators in the upper screen area:
Time that a measurement has been
going on. Format: hours, minutes,
seconds. When waiting for a timed
start, time counts down with prefix -.
Horizontal ZOOM on.
Measurement may be unstable. E.g. for
frequency readout during absence of
voltage at reference phase A (L1).
Indicates according to IEC61000-4-30
flagging convention that a dip, swell or
interruption has occurred during the
displayed aggregation interval.
Indicates that an aggregated value may
not be reliable.
Recording of measurement data is on.
Battery/Line power indication. During
battery operation the battery charge
condition is displayed.
Keyboard locked. Press ENTER 5
seconds to unlock/unlock.
Status line in the lower screen area:
Date of Analyzer’s real time clock. Date
format may be month-day-year or day-
month-year.
Time of day or cursor time.
Nominal line voltage and frequency: the
reference for measurements.
Number of phases and wiring
configuration for the measurement.
Name of the limits used for power
quality MONITOR, dips, swells,
interruptions, rapid voltage changes.
Screens and Function Keys
The Analyzer has five different screen types to show
measuring results. Each screen type is arranged to
present data in the clearest way. Phases are indicated
with individual colors.
Selections are done with arrow and function keys: an
active selection is highlighted by a black background.

Getting Started
Screens and Function Keys
11
Each screen and its features are explained below. Read
this carefully to get acquainted with all functions of your
Analyzer.
TABLE screen
1
3
2
2
This screen gives a quick overview of important numerical
measuring values. An example is the table belonging to
VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ mode.
Screen information:
cActive Measuring Mode in header.
dStatus Indicators and Status Line.
eTable with Measuring values. Contents
depends on measuring mode, number
of phases, and wiring configuration.
Function keys:
F4
Access to the TREND screen. For
description see below.
F5
Switches between HOLD and RUN of
waveform update. Switching from
HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select
immediate start (NOW) or TIMED start
which allows you to define start time
and duration of the measurement.

Fluke 433/434
Getting Started
12
TREND screen.
1
2
The Trend screen shows the changes over time of
measuring values on one row of the table. An example is
the VOLTS/AMPS/HERTZ TREND. Time is displayed
horizontally. The display is built up from the right side of
the screen. To allow continuous recording of data, the
time axis is compressed when necessary.
Screen information:
cPresent values of the trend graphs on
the right side of the screen. If CURSOR
is ON, the trend values at the cursor
are displayed.
dTrend display area.
Function keys:
F1
Assigns up/down arrow keys to select a
row from the table to be displayed as a
trend. The selected row is indicated in
screen header.
F2
CURSOR ON/OFF.
F3
Assigns the arrow keys to CURSOR or
ZOOM operation. Moving the cursor
across the extreme left or right of the
screen makes the next screen out of a
maximum of 6 visible. ZOOM allows
you to expand or shrink the display to
view details or to see the complete
graph within the screen area.
F4
Return to previous screen.
F5
Switches between HOLD and RUN.

Getting Started
Screens and Function Keys
13
WAVEFORM screen
An example is the Scope Waveform screen. Voltage and
current waveforms are displayed similar to an
oscilloscope.
2
1
3
Screen information:
cThe RMS values of the waveforms are
displayed in the header.
dDisplay of measured frequency.
eWaveform display area with grid lines at
important voltage/current levels.
Function keys:
F1
Selection of waveform set to be
displayed: V displays all voltages, A
displays all currents. A (L1), B (L2), C
(L3), N (neutral) gives simultaneous
display of voltage and current of the
selected phase.
F2
Switches to submenu for CURSOR and
ZOOM operation.
F3
Switches to the Scope Phasor screen.
For description see below.
F4
PERSISTENCE ON memorizes all
waveform variations on screen.
F5
Switches between HOLD and RUN.

Fluke 433/434
Getting Started
14
PHASOR screen.
Shows phase relation between voltages and currents in a
vector diagram. An example is the Scope Phasor screen:
1
32
Screen information:
cRMS values of the waveforms are
displayed in the header.
dVector diagram. The vector of the
reference phase A (L1) points to the
positive X-direction.
eAdditional data such as fundamental
phase voltages, frequency, and phase
angles.
Function keys:
F1
Selection of data set to be displayed.
F3
Return to Scope Waveform screen.
F5
Switches between HOLD and RUN.
BAR GRAPH screen.
An example is the bar graph screen for Power Quality
Monitoring. This screen gives a quick indication if
important Power Quality parameters meet requirements.
Parameters include RMS voltages, Harmonics, Flicker,
Rapid voltage changes, Dips, Swells, Interruptions,
Unbalance, and Frequency.
The length of a bar increases if the related parameter is
further away from its nominal value.
The bar graphs have a wide base (indicating a user
definable percentage of the time that a parameter must
be within specified levels: for instance 95 % of the
readings over 10-minute observation periods must be
within level) and a narrow top indicating the fixed 100%
limit. If one of these limits is violated, the related bar
changes from green to red. Dotted horizontal lines
indicate both limits on the display.

Getting Started
Screens and Function Keys
15
You can use a pre-defined set of limits or define your
own. An example of a pre-defined set of limits is that
according to the EN50160 standard.
Power Quality Monitoring is accessible via the MONITOR
key and a menu for immediate or timed start.
Measuring values of the bar graph under the cursor are
displayed in the header of the screen.
1
2
Screen information:
cExtreme values of the bar graph under
the cursor. Use the left and right arrow
key to move the cursor to another bar
graph.
dPower Quality monitor screen with bars
showing the amount of time parameters
are within high and low tolerance.
The function keys give access to submenus with detailed
information on:
F1
RMS voltage: events table, trends.
F2
Harmonics: bar graphs, events table,
trends.
F3
Flicker: events table, trends.
F4
Dips, Interruptions, Rapid voltage
changes, and Swells: events table,
trends.
F5
Unbalance and Frequency: events
table, trends.

Fluke 433/434
Getting Started
16
Setting up the Analyzer
SETUP
The SETUP key gives access to a menu to configure the
Analyzer for your measurements.
Use the arrow keys to select the item
you want to adjust: date, time, wiring
configuration, nominal frequency,
nominal voltage, limits, current and
voltage probe type.
User ID is adjusted under F4 USER ID.
ENTER
Press ENTER to reach the selected
adjustment menu.
Use the arrow keys to select and adjust
the selected item.
F5
Press F5 to confirm the selection and to
return to the SETUP menu.
Note: Limits gives access to submenus to recall,
customize, and save 6 sets of Power Quality criteria. For
detailed information refer to Chapter 18 in the Users
Manual on the accompanying CD-ROM.
Function keys give access to submenus to adjust:

Getting Started
Save screens.
17
F1
Displayed information language.
F2
Information on Analyzer Version,
Options and Calibration date.
F3
Offset, span and other settings to
optimize measurements. Adjustment
during a measurement is possible to
enable better viewing of trends and
waveforms.
F4
Phase Identification/Colors, Printer
type, RS232 interface, Auto display off,
reset to FACTORY DEFAULTS, USER
ID, display CONTRAST.
F5
Confirm the selections and return to the
previous measurement.
Save screens.
SAVE
SCREEN
Press to save a screen copy. To recall
a screen press the MEMORY key.
Select a file name for the screen to be
saved: use the arrow keys to choose
characters and their position.
F5
Confirm the selections and return to the
previous measurement.

Fluke 433/434
Getting Started
18
Memory Use.
MEMORY
The MEMORY key gives access to a menu to SAVE,
RECALL, DELETE Data and Screen copies and to
PRINT. A data file includes screen, trends, tables,
settings and limits. You may use cursor and zoom after
recall.
The function keys allow the following selections:
F1
Access to a submenu to recall/delete
screens or data.
F3
Saves the current measurement as a
Data file.
F4
Prints current screen.
F5
Return to the last measurement.