Garmin GI 275 Manual

GI 275
™
Pilot’s Guide

SYSTEM OVERVIEW
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
EIS
NAVIGATION
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
AUTOPILOT
IVSI
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
APPENDICES
INDEX

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© 2019-2022 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
This manual reflects the operation of the GI 275 system through main software version
2.60. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information
in this manual to earlier or later software versions.
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®
, SafeTaxi
®
, and MapSource
®
are registered trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its
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™
, GI 275
™
, and Safe Glide
™
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Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide 190-02246-01 Rev. L
Warnings, Cautions & Notes
WARNING: Do not use Terrain information for primary terrain avoidance. Terrain
information is intended only to enhance situational awareness.
WARNING: Always refer to current aeronautical charts and NOTAMs for verification of
displayed aeronautical information. Displayed aeronautical data may not incorporate
the latest NOTAM information.
WARNING: Do not use geometric altitude for compliance with air traffic control
altitude requirements.The primary barometric altimeter must be used for compliance
with all air traffic control altitude regulations, requirements, instructions, and
clearances.
WARNING: Do not use Basemap information (land and water data) as the sole
means of navigation. Basemap data is intended only to supplement other approved
navigation data sources and should be considered only an aid to enhance situational
awareness.
WARNING: Do not rely solely upon the display of traffic information to accurately
depict all of the traffic within range of the aircraft. Due to lack of equipment, poor
signal reception, and/or inaccurate information from aircraft or ground stations, traffic
may be present that is not represented on the display.
WARNING: Do not use datalink weather information for maneuvering in, near, or
around areas of hazardous weather. Information contained within datalink weather
products may not accurately depict current weather conditions.
WARNING: Do not use the indicated datalink weather product age to determine the
age of the weather information shown by the datalink weather product. Due to time
delays inherent in gathering and processing weather data for datalink transmission,
the weather information shown by the datalink weather product may be older than
the indicated weather product age.
WARNING: Do not rely on the displayed minimum safe altitude (MSAs) as the
sole source of obstacle and terrain avoidance information. Always refer to current
aeronautical charts for appropriate minimum clearance altitudes.

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide190-02246-01 Rev. L
Warnings, Cautions & Notes
WARNING: Do not operate this equipment without first obtaining qualified
instruction.
WARNING: Do not use GPS to navigate to any active waypoint identified as a ‘NON
WGS84 WPT’ by a system message. ‘NON WGS84 WPT’ waypoints are derived from
an unknown map reference datum that may be incompatible with the map reference
datum used by GPS (known as WGS84) and may be positioned in error as displayed.
WARNING: Do not rely on theAutopilot to level the aircraft at the minimum approach
altitude when flying an approach with vertical guidance.
WARNING: Do not rely solely upon datalink services to provide Temporary Flight
Restriction (TFR) information. Always confirm TFR information through official sources
such as Flight Service Stations or Air Traffic Control.
WARNING: Do not use SafeTaxi
®
information as the primary method of flight
guidance during ground operations. SafeTaxi
®
does not have NOTAM or ATIS
information regarding the current active runway, condition, or complete information
about the position of hold lines.
WARNING: Do not rely solely upon the display of traffic information for collision
avoidance maneuvering. The traffic display does not under any circumstances or
conditions relieve the pilot’s responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft.
WARNING: Always use traffic information shown on system displays only as an
aid to visually acquiring traffic. Traffic avoidance maneuvers are based upon Traffic
ResolutionAdvisories,ATC guidance, or positive visual acquisition of conflicting traffic.
WARNING: Do not rely on the accuracy of heading indications in the following
geographic areas (due to variations in the earth’s magnetic field): North of 72° North
latitude at all longitudes; South of 70° South latitude at all longitudes; North of 65°
North latitude between longitude 75° W and 120° W. (Northern Canada); North of
70° North latitude between longitude 70° W and 128° W. (Northern Canada); North
of 70° North latitude between longitude 85° E and 114° E. (Northern Russia); South
of 55° South latitude between longitude 120° E and 165° E. (Region south of Australia
and New Zealand).

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide 190-02246-01 Rev. L
Warnings, Cautions & Notes
WARNING: Do not rely on information from a lightning detection system display as
the sole basis for hazardous weather avoidance. Range limitations and interference
may cause the system to display inaccurate or incomplete information. Refer to
documentation from the lightning detection system manufacturer for detailed
information about the system.
WARNING: Use appropriate primary systems for navigation, and for terrain, obstacle,
and traffic avoidance. Garmin SVT is intended as an aid to situational awareness
only and may not provide either the accuracy or reliability upon which to solely base
decisions and/or plan maneuvers to avoid terrain, obstacles, or traffic.
WARNING: Do not use the Garmin SVT runway depiction as the sole means for
determining the proximity of the aircraft to the runway or for maintaining the proper
approach path angle during landing.
CAUTION: Do not clean display surfaces with abrasive cloths or cleaners containing
ammonia. They will harm the anti-reflective coating.
CAUTION: Do not allow repairs to be made by anyone other than an authorized
Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void both the
warranty and affect the airworthiness of the aircraft.
NOTE All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images,
are subject to change and may not reflect the most current system and aviation
databases. Depictions of equipment may differ slightly from the actual equipment.
NOTE: Refer to the current, pertinent flight manual for operational conditions and
alert/advisory corrective procedures.
NOTE: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and
is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject
to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment.
Portions of the system utilize GPS as a precision electronic NAVigationAID (NAVAID).
Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the system can be misused
or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide190-02246-01 Rev. L
Warnings, Cautions & Notes
NOTE: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to
the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation. Anatel Warning: Este equipamento não tem direito a
proteção contra interferência prejudicial e não pode causar interferências em sistemas
devidamente autorizados.
NOTE: Interference from GPS repeaters operating inside nearby hangars can cause an
intermittent loss of attitude and heading displays while the aircraft is on the ground.
Moving the aircraft more than 100 yards away from the source of the interference
should alleviate the condition.
NOTE: Use of polarized eyewear may cause the Multi-Function Instrument (MFI) to
appear dim or blank.
NOTE: This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known
to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This
notice is being provided in accordance with California’s Proposition 65. If you have
any questions or would like additional information, please refer to our web site at
www.garmin.com/prop65.
NOTE: Operating the system in the vicinity of metal buildings, metal structures,
or electromagnetic fields can cause sensor differences that may result in nuisance
miscompare annunciations during start up, shut down, or while taxiing. If one or
more of the sensed values are unavailable, the annunciation indicates no comparison
is possible.
NOTE: The internal GPS is only for VFR use.
NOTE: Terrain and obstacle alerting is not available north of 89º North latitude
and south of 89º South latitude. This is due to limitations present within the Terrain
database and the system’s ability to process the data representing the affected areas.

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide 190-02246-01 Rev. L
Warnings, Cautions & Notes
NOTE: The nose of the ‘own ship’ symbol represents the location of the aircraft. The
center of any traffic symbol represents the location of that traffic.The traffic and own
ship symbols are an abstract representation and do not reflect the physical extent of
the aircraft/traffic, and should not replace other methods for identifying traffic.
NOTE: Traffic surveillance is not available during the system test. Use caution when
performing a system test during flight.
NOTE: During system startup, if the Autopilot is engaged (though not typical), the
MFI will automatically disengage the Autopilot when the sensors initiate alignment
at startup.
NOTE: The wireless card on the MFI may take up to two minutes before wireless
functionality is available.
NOTE: The system responds to a terminal procedures based on data coded within
that procedure in the Navigation Database. Differences in system operation may be
observed among similar types of procedures due to differences in the Navigation
Database coding specific to each procedure.
NOTE: The FAA has asked Garmin to remind pilots who fly with Garmin database-
dependent avionics of the following:
• It is the pilot’s responsibility to remain familiar with all FAA regulatory and
advisory guidance and information related to the use of databases in the
National Airspace System.
• Garmin equipment will only recognize and use databases that are obtained
from Garmin or Jeppesen. Databases obtained from Garmin or Jeppesen
that have a Type 2 Letter of Authorization (LOA) from the FAA are assured
compliance with all data quality requirements (DQRs). A copy of the Type 2
LOA is available for each applicable database and can be viewed at flygarmin.
com by selecting ‘Aviation Database Declarations.’

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide190-02246-01 Rev. L
Warnings, Cautions & Notes
• Use of a current Garmin or Jeppesen database in your Garmin equipment
is required for compliance with established FAA regulatory guidance, but
does not constitute authorization to fly any and all terminal procedures that
may be presented by the system. It is the pilot’s responsibility to operate
in accordance with established pertinent aircraft documents and regulatory
guidance or limitations as applicable to the pilot, the aircraft, and installed
equipment.
NOTE: The pilot/operator must review and be familiar with Garmin’s database
exclusion list as discussed in SAIB CE-14-04 to determine what data may be incomplete.
The database exclusion list can be viewed at flygarmin.com by selecting ‘Database
Exclusions List.’
NOTE: The pilot/operator must have access to Garmin and Jeppesen database alerts
and consider their impact on the intended aircraft operation. The database alerts can
be viewed at flygarmin.com by selecting ‘Aviation Database Alerts.’
NOTE: Garmin requests the flight crew report any observed discrepancies related
to database information. These discrepancies could come in the form of an incorrect
procedure; incorrectly identified terrain, obstacles and fixes; or any other displayed item
used for navigation or communication in the air or on the ground. Go to flygarmin.
com and select ‘Aviation Data Error Report.'
NOTE: Although the Jeppesen Navigation Database and the Garmin Navigation
Database contain much of the same information, pilots may notice differences in
behavior, nearest list functionality, direct-to functionality, and 'Map' Page display due
to data content variations.
NOTE: Some data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from
government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data, but
cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data.
NOTE: After performing a navigation database update, cross check with any external
navigator which is providing flight plan data and verify all flight plan(s) (routes) are
current. If there is an obsolete aviation point in a saved route, the route is locked
and unusable. A new route with current navigation database points will need to be
created.

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide 190-02246-01 Rev. L
Warnings, Cautions & Notes
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Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide190-02246-01 Rev. L
Software License Agreement
SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT
BY USING THE DEVICE, COMPONENT OR SYSTEM MANUFACTURED OR SOLD BY GARMIN (“THE
GARMIN PRODUCT”), YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE
FOLLOWING SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEASE READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY.
Garmin Ltd. and its subsidiaries (“Garmin”) grants you a limited license to use the software
embedded in the Garmin Product (the “Software”) in binary executable form in the normal
operation of the Garmin Product. Title, ownership rights, and intellectual property rights in and
to the Software remain with Garmin and/or its third-party providers. You acknowledge that the
Software is the property of Garmin and/or its third-party providers and is protected under the United
States of America copyright laws and international copyright treaties. You further acknowledge that
the structure, organization, and code of the Software are valuable trade secrets of Garmin and/or its
third-party providers and that the Software in source code form remains a valuable trade secret of
Garmin and/or its third-party providers. You agree not to reproduce, decompile, disassemble, modify,
reverse assemble, reverse engineer, or reduce to human readable form the Software or any part
thereof or create any derivative works based on the Software. You agree not to export or re-export
the Software to any country in violation of the export control laws of the United States of America.

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide 190-02246-01 Rev. L
Software License Agreement
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Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide190-02246-01 Rev. L
Record of Revisions
Part Number Rev Date Description
190-02603-00 L November, 2022 Updated to reflect software version 2.60
Enhanced Misc. Field Functionality
Enhanced SYNC Control Functionality
K July, 2022 Updated to reflect software version 2.53
J April, 2022 Updated to reflect software version 2.50
Enhanced Database Update Process
Dual Cue Flight Director Functionality
Carburetor Temp Guage Details
MACH Airspeed Display Option
H January, 2022 Updated to reflect software version 2.42
Updated Reversionary Info
Selected Altitude Intercept Arc
Enhanced AUX Fuel Display
G July, 2021 Updated to reflect software version 2.40
Enhanced EIS Functionality
Smart Glide
F April, 2021 Updated to reflect software version 2.30
Enhanced Transponder Functionality
E January, 2021 Corrected Clerical Error
D December, 2020 Updated to reflect software version 2.20
C December, 2020 Instantaneous Vertical Speed Indicator
Enhanced Rotorcraft Features
Glove Qualification
B August, 2020 Enhanced USB Functionality
Enhanced Fast Database Sync
Enhanced ADI Options
Enhanced MFD Functionality
GFC 500 Integration
A September, 2019 Production Release

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide 190-02246-01 Rev. L
Record of Revisions
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Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide190-02246-01 Rev. L i
Table of Contents
SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW ...................................................................1
1.1 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION................................................................................ 1
1.2 UNIT TYPES AND CONFIGURATIONS ................................................................... 2
Unit Types..................................................................................................................................... 2
Unit Configurations .................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 CONTROLS .......................................................................................................... 4
ADI Depiction .............................................................................................................................. 6
Touchscreen ................................................................................................................................. 7
Page Navigation.......................................................................................................................... 7
Control Types............................................................................................................................... 8
Page Menus ................................................................................................................................. 9
Menu Navigation ...................................................................................................................... 10
Data Entry.................................................................................................................................. 10
1.4 OPERATION....................................................................................................... 11
Instrument Power Application ................................................................................................ 11
Normal Operation..................................................................................................................... 11
Reversionary Operation ........................................................................................................... 12
System Annunciations .............................................................................................................. 12
Backup Battery.......................................................................................................................... 13
ADAHRS Operation (Optional)................................................................................................. 15
VFR GPS Receiver Operation................................................................................................... 17
1.5 ACCESSING SYSTEM FUNCTIONALITY............................................................... 20
System Settings ........................................................................................................................ 20
1.6 DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING................................................................................... 24
1.7 DEVICE REGISTRATION ..................................................................................... 24
1.8 WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY (GARMIN CONNEXT) ............................................... 25
Bluetooth Setup........................................................................................................................ 25
Managing Paired Devices......................................................................................................... 27
1.9 DATABASES ....................................................................................................... 28
Automatic Database Updates ................................................................................................. 30
Manually Updating Databases................................................................................................ 31

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide 190-02246-01 Rev. L
ii
Table of Contents
SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS .............................................................35
2.1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ...................................................................................... 35
Attitude Indicator..................................................................................................................... 35
Airspeed Indicator .................................................................................................................... 36
Altimeter.................................................................................................................................... 38
Altimeter (GSL Backup)............................................................................................................ 40
Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) ................................................................................................. 40
Heading Indicator ..................................................................................................................... 41
Deviation Indicators ................................................................................................................. 42
OBS Mode .................................................................................................................................. 48
HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator) Page Features.............................................................. 53
2.2 ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTING FUNCTIONS.................................................. 55
Altitude Alerting ....................................................................................................................... 55
Minimum Altitude Alerting...................................................................................................... 55
2.3 ABNORMAL OPERATIONS ................................................................................. 56
Abnormal GPS Conditions ....................................................................................................... 56
Comparator Annunciations...................................................................................................... 57
Loss of Primary Flight Information......................................................................................... 58
AHRS Failure .............................................................................................................................. 58
Reversionary Sensor Annunciations ....................................................................................... 59
Unusual Attitudes ..................................................................................................................... 60
Smart Glide Activation............................................................................................................. 61
SECTION 3 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM ...............................................63
3.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 63
Start-Up Screen......................................................................................................................... 64
3.2 GAUGE AND INDICATOR TYPES......................................................................... 64
Bar Graph Indications............................................................................................................... 68
Percent Power Indications ....................................................................................................... 69
Multi-Engine Indications ......................................................................................................... 69
3.3 EIS PAGES ......................................................................................................... 69
Main Page .................................................................................................................................. 70
AUX Page.................................................................................................................................... 73
CHT/EGT Page ............................................................................................................................ 75
Flight Summary Page................................................................................................................ 86

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide190-02246-01 Rev. L iii
Table of Contents
Fuel Page.................................................................................................................................... 89
3.4 ABNORMAL OPERATIONS ................................................................................. 92
EIS Alerts.................................................................................................................................... 92
SECTION 4 NAVIGATION ............................................................................... 95
4.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 95
4.2 MAP DATA......................................................................................................... 95
Map Range................................................................................................................................. 95
Map Symbols............................................................................................................................. 97
Map Detail ............................................................................................................................... 100
Map Options - Primary HSI .................................................................................................... 102
Map Options - Standby ADI / MFD........................................................................................ 107
Map Panning............................................................................................................................ 126
4.3 DIRECT TO AND FLIGHT PLAN NAVIGATION.................................................... 129
Direct To Navigation............................................................................................................... 129
Flight Plan / Direct To Navigation From External Source................................................... 132
Navigation Data Displayed on Map ..................................................................................... 133
MFD Data................................................................................................................................. 135
Flight Plan Sharing ................................................................................................................. 136
4.4 ABNORMAL OPERATIONS ............................................................................... 136
Abnormal GPS Conditions ..................................................................................................... 136
SECTION 5 HAZARD AVOIDANCE ............................................................. 139
5.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................... 139
5.2 DATALINK WEATHER ....................................................................................... 139
Datalink Weather Products.................................................................................................... 142
Weather Product Age ............................................................................................................. 159
Display of Weather Products ................................................................................................. 161
5.3 STORMSCOPE LIGHTNING DETECTION SYSTEM.............................................. 164
Stormscope Options ............................................................................................................... 164

Garmin GI 275 Pilot's Guide 190-02246-01 Rev. L
iv
Table of Contents
5.4 TERRAIN.......................................................................................................... 166
Displaying Terrain Data.......................................................................................................... 170
Terrain Alerts ........................................................................................................................... 172
Terrain Inhibit.......................................................................................................................... 177
Terrain Status .......................................................................................................................... 178
Synthetic Vision Terrain.......................................................................................................... 179
5.5 TRAFFIC........................................................................................................... 179
Display of Traffic Information................................................................................................ 180
Traffic Data by Source ............................................................................................................ 185
SECTION 6 AUTOPILOT .................................................................................197
6.1 OVERVIEW....................................................................................................... 197
6.2 FLIGHT CONTROL............................................................................................ 198
Pitch Axis and Trim.................................................................................................................. 198
Roll Axis ................................................................................................................................... 198
Yaw Axis ................................................................................................................................... 198
6.3 AUTOPILOT OPERATION .................................................................................. 198
Command Bars ........................................................................................................................ 198
Engaging the Autopilot.......................................................................................................... 200
Disengaging the Autopilot .................................................................................................... 201
6.4 GARMIN GFC 500 AUTOPILOT (OPTIONAL) ..................................................... 202
GFC 500 AFCS Configuration................................................................................................. 202
GMC 507 Mode Controller..................................................................................................... 203
GSA 28 Servo........................................................................................................................... 203
6.5 AFCS SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE......................................................................... 204
GI 275 AFCS Status Box.......................................................................................................... 204
AFCS Operation....................................................................................................................... 204
GMC 507 Controls................................................................................................................... 205
Engaging The Autopilot.......................................................................................................... 206
Disengaging The Autopilot .................................................................................................... 207
Overpowering Autopilot Servos ........................................................................................... 207
Flight Director Operation....................................................................................................... 207
Vertical Modes ........................................................................................................................ 209
Lateral Modes.......................................................................................................................... 216