Single-Phase Petrol Generator
1
Safety
Portable generators are internal combustion engines used to generate electricity. They are useful when
temporary or remote power is needed, and are commonly used during clean-up and recovery efforts following
disasters such as hurricanes, tornadoes, etc. This fact sheet discusses specific hazards inherent with the use of
generators and also provides helpful information to ensure that workers and others using such equipment
remain safe.
Hazards Associated with Generators
Shocks and electrocution from improper use of power or accidentally energizing other electrical systems.
Carbon monoxide from a generator’s exhaust.
Fires from improperly refuelling a generator or inappropriately storing the fuel for a generator.
Noise and vibration hazards.
Shock and Electrocution
The electricity created by generators has the same hazards as normal utility-supplied electricity. It also has
some additional hazards because generator users often bypass the safety devices (such as circuit breakers) that
are built into electrical systems. The following precautions are provided to reduce shock and electrocution
hazards:
Never attach a generator directly to the electrical system of a structure (home, office, trailer, etc.) unless a
qualified electrician has properly installed the generator with a transfer switch. Attaching a generator directly
to a building electrical system without a properly installed transfer switch can energize wiring systems for
great distances. This creates a risk of electrocution for utility workers and others in the area.
Always plug electrical appliances directly into the generator using the manufacturer’s supplied cords or
extension cords that are grounded (3-pronged). Inspect the cords to make sure they are fully intact and not
damaged, cut or abraded. Never use frayed or damaged extension cords. Ensure the cords are
appropriately rated in watts or amps for the intended use. Do not use underrated cords—replace them with
appropriately rated cords that use heavier gauge wires. Do not overload a generator; this can lead to
overheating which can create a fire hazard.
Make sure a generator is properly grounded and the grounding connections are tight. Consult the
manufacturer's instructions for proper grounding methods.
Keep a generator dry; do not use it in the rain or wet conditions. If needed, protect a generator with a
canopy. Never manipulate a generator’s electrical components if you are wet or standing in water.
Do not use electrical equipment that has been submerged in water. Equipment must be thoroughly dried out
and properly evaluated before using. Power off and do not use any electrical equipment that has strange
odours or begins smoking.
